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1.
儿童原发性恶性非肾母细胞瘤性肾脏肿瘤诊治特点   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 探讨儿童原发性恶性非肾母细胞瘤性肾脏肿瘤的临床诊治特点.方法 回顾性分析1993年4月至2008年1月问收治的11例儿童原发性恶性非肾母细胞瘤性肾脏肿瘤患儿的临床资料.根据临床表现及术前影像学检查并于术前行穿刺活检,治疗方法主要为术前介入和/或全身化疗、手术切除、术中热灌注化疗和术后化疗.结果 肾细胞癌6例,无瘤长期(平均32个月)生存率66.7%.中胚性肾瘤3例,均获3年以上无瘤生存.肾透明细胞肉瘤1例,术后复发死亡.肾横纹肌样瘤1例,术后化疗2个月复发,结论儿童原发性恶性非肾母细胞瘤性肾脏肿瘤发病率低,临床表现与肾母细胞瘤相似,术前诊断较为困难,其中肾细胞癌发病年龄多为年长儿,而肾透明细胞肉瘤、中胚层肾瘤和肾横纹肌样瘤则多见于小婴儿.经过多项系统性治疗,中胚层肾瘤预后较佳,肾细胞癌次之.  相似文献   

2.
目的总结小儿肾母细胞瘤的治疗经验,以期改进肾母细胞瘤的治疗方法,改善。肾母细胞瘤患儿的预后。方法回顾性分析本院近20年来收治的146例。肾母细胞瘤患儿的临床资料。结果146例中,Ⅰ期62例,Ⅱ期32例,Ⅲ期33例,Ⅳ期17例,Ⅴ期2例:71例随访时间〉5年,共死亡11例,无瘤存活60例,总治愈率84.5%(60/71),其中Ⅰ期97.3%(37/38),Ⅱ期83.3%(10,12),Ⅲ期72.7%(8/11),Ⅳ期55.5%(5/9)。对术前评估手术切除困难或有远处转移的48例进行术前化疗5周,其中41例一般情况明显改善,肿瘤缩小;4例肿瘤体积增大;3例下腔静脉瘤栓患儿死亡;45例行手术完整切除肿块。结论采取综合治疗后小儿肾母细胞瘤的治愈率得到明显提高,其中手术加规范的化疗起关键作用。  相似文献   

3.
目的 回顾性分析先天性中胚层肾瘤的临床特点、治疗方案及临床结局,为中胚层肾瘤的临床诊疗提供思路和依据。方法 回顾性分析2013年1月至2020年12月新华医院儿血液肿瘤科初诊为先天性中胚层肾瘤患儿的发病年龄、肿瘤大小、病理分型、ETV6-NTRK融合基因、治疗方案及临床结局。结果 7年内共收治5例新发中胚层肾瘤患儿,4例男婴,1例女婴;中位确诊年龄4.5个月(0.3~11个月)。3例产检时发现肾脏肿块且出生后早期确诊的患儿ETV6-NTRK融合基因均阴性,2例确诊年龄>6个月患儿ETV6-NTRK融合基因均阳性。肿瘤分期:Ⅰ期1例,Ⅱ期1例,Ⅲ期3例;病理分型:经典型1例,细胞型2例(Ⅱ期患儿为具有上皮样形态的细胞型),混合型2例。所有患儿均接受手术治疗,其中1例行2周期新辅助化疗后手术切除;Ⅲ期患儿术后予9周期VAC方案化疗。中位随访时间19个月(11~34个月),1例Ⅱ期患儿在手术+化疗综合治疗结束后1年复发,其余均无病生存。结论 先天性中胚层肾瘤患儿在手术联合辅助化疗后,大部分预后良好。患儿确诊年龄一般<1岁,部分患儿可因产检时肾脏肿块而早期确诊。手术仍是主要治疗手段...  相似文献   

4.
目的总结近15年来对Ⅲ、Ⅳ期。肾母细胞瘤患儿的多模式综合治疗经验。方法1995年5月至2010年12月浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院共对26例单侧Ⅲ、Ⅳ期肾母细胞瘤患儿采用多模式的综合治疗。诊断标准:肾门、主动脉旁淋巴结转移;弥漫性腹腔播散或术时散落;腹膜有肿瘤种植;镜检或肉眼有肿瘤残留;局部浸润至重要脏器;肿瘤远处转移。全部病例按年限和治疗方式分为两组:①术前单纯介入治疗组(TACE组)11例,为1995年至2002年收治病例,采用术前肾动脉化疗栓塞(TACE),1周后手术切除瘤肾,术后化疗或加放疗的综合治疗;②术前介入治疗加短期全身化疗组(T+S组)15例,为2003年至2010年收治病例,采用术前TACE加2~3周静脉化疗,然后手术切除瘤肾,术后化疗或加放疗的综合治疗。TACE采用吡柔比星40mg/m。,长春地辛3mg/m2,超液碘油5~10mL。术前短期静脉化疗采用长春地辛3mg/(m2·周),共2次;放线菌素D10we/(kg·d),共5次。术后化疗和放疗按照北京儿童医院肾母细胞瘤治疗方案。TACE组与T+s组分别有3例和9例接受术后放疗。结果两组患儿术后分期为:TACE组Ⅲ期10例,Ⅳ期1例;T+S组Ⅲ期11例,Ⅳ期4例。两组各有弥漫问变型2例。两组肿瘤完整切除率分别为63.6%(7/11)和80.0%(12/15),P=0.407。随访至2010年12月,两组平均随访时间分别为118(102—186)个月和43.5(1~92)个月,无瘤生存率分别为72.7%和100.0%,Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示两组差异有统计学意义(P=0.040)。结论本研究表明,术前动脉栓塞化疗加短期静脉化疗,手术切除瘤肾,术后继续化疗和放疗的多模式综合治疗是对Ⅲ、Ⅳ期肾母细胞瘤患儿的合理治疗方案。  相似文献   

5.
目的 总结探讨儿童双侧肾母细胞瘤综合治疗的疗效及随访结果。方法 回顾性分析我院白1998年8月至2010年8月手术治疗的双侧肾母细胞瘤患儿临床资料。结果 7例双侧肾母细胞瘤中,男性患儿3例,女性患儿4例,发病年龄最大21个月,最小6个月,平均年龄( 12.71±4.89)个月。临床表现腹部肿块7例(7/7),血尿1例(1/6),贫血2例(2/6),4(4/7)例活检明确病理经术前化疗后手术,3例先手术后化疗,1例化疗2个疗程疾病进展,家属放弃治疗后死亡,5例结束整个疗程随访中,4例带瘤生存,1例随访7个月后残余肿瘤病灶消失,随访时间最长10年,最短10个月,1例术后化疗中,2年存活率85.7%。结论 儿童双侧肾母细胞瘤通过手术、化疗及放疗综合治疗,可以带瘤生存。  相似文献   

6.
目的总结双侧肾母细胞瘤手术治疗后复发的临床特点及治疗经验,以提高双侧肾母细胞瘤的总体治疗水平。方法回顾性分析首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院泌尿外科2008年1月至2020年12月收治的10例双侧肾母细胞瘤复发患儿临床资料,包括患儿初次手术情况、复发时间及部位、后续治疗方法及随访情况等。结果10例中男7例,女3例,发病年龄10~69个月,平均27.3个月。初次手术的20侧中,18侧采取保留肾单位的肿瘤剜除术;1侧因肿瘤位于肾门处,保留肾脏困难而行瘤肾根治性切除术;1侧因肾内占位为多发小瘤灶而未行手术。术后病理均为预后良好型,未见间变型。复发时间为术后2~36个月。1例为双侧复发,同时有腹膜后淋巴结转移,未再行手术,以化疗为主,后转移至纵隔,最终死亡。一侧复发的9例患儿中,1例予单纯化疗9个月,肿瘤消失;8例予再次手术,仍采用保留肾单位的肿瘤剜除术;5例无再次复发;3例二次复发患儿中,1例术后再次出现原位复发合并肺转移,再次行瘤肾切除术及肺叶楔形切除术,无瘤生存至今,其余2例因多处转移而最终死亡。术后均予化疗,化疗药物包括长春新碱、阿霉素、环磷酰胺、依托泊苷和卡铂,方案不完全一致。术后1例进行了放疗。10例患儿随访时间19~108个月,1例失访;3例死亡;1例带瘤存活;其余5例均无瘤生存,至随访时患儿血清肌酐和尿素氮均正常。结论双侧肾母细胞瘤复发后可再行肿瘤切除术(nephron-sparing surgery,NSS),同时辅以加强化疗,可有相对较好的预后。  相似文献   

7.
目的:探讨经导管动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE )在肝母细胞瘤综合治疗中的作用及疗效。方法回顾性总结2005年-2013年收治的10例经TACE 治疗的肝母细胞瘤患儿的临床资料。随访治疗后患儿的全身情况、血AFP值及瘤体体积大小的变化及生存情况。结果患儿10例,男女比例4∶1,发病中位年龄9.5个月(1个月~10岁),10例患儿首诊后均予以1~4次TACE 治疗,其中6例TACE+手术+化疗,1例TACE+化疗,3例在TACE 治疗后放弃继续治疗。介入治疗后肿瘤体积较前均有明显缩减(26.2%~10.00%,平均70.0%),血清AFP值下降明显(28.5%~99.7%,平均83.6%)。所有患儿在接受TACE 治疗后均出现不同程度的发热、呕吐、一过性肝功能损害(Ⅰ度3例,Ⅱ度2例,Ⅲ度1例)、轻度骨髓抑制、贫血等不适,未见明显心脏毒性及肾毒性损害。随访时间2~114个月,平均随访时间为36.1个月,1年存活率100%(7/7),2年存活率86%(6/7),3年存活率71%(5/7)。6例患儿在接受TACE治疗后成功行手术切除,术后均接受全身化疗,1例仅经过4次TACE治疗及化疗后肿瘤消失,未行手术治疗,均无瘤存活至今。3例放弃治疗患儿分别于2~8个月后死亡。结论 TACE治疗可作为肝母细胞瘤术前重要的辅助治疗方式,能够使肿瘤体积明显缩小,血供减少,促进肿瘤包膜增厚,为尽可能完整切除创造了条件,能够改善肝母细胞瘤患儿的生活质量,提高长期存活率。  相似文献   

8.
目的总结双侧肾母细胞瘤手术治疗后复发的临床特点及治疗经验, 以提高双侧肾母细胞瘤的总体治疗水平。方法回顾性分析首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院泌尿外科2008年1月至2020年12月收治的10例双侧肾母细胞瘤复发患儿临床资料, 包括患儿初次手术情况、复发时间及部位、后续治疗方法及随访情况等。结果 10例中男7例, 女3例, 发病年龄10~69个月, 平均27.3个月。初次手术的20侧中, 18侧采取保留肾单位的肿瘤剜除术;1侧因肿瘤位于肾门处, 保留肾脏困难而行瘤肾根治性切除术;1侧因肾内占位为多发小瘤灶而未行手术。术后病理均为预后良好型, 未见间变型。复发时间为术后2~36个月。1例为双侧复发, 同时有腹膜后淋巴结转移, 未再行手术, 以化疗为主, 后转移至纵隔, 最终死亡。一侧复发的9例患儿中, 1例予单纯化疗9个月, 肿瘤消失;8例予再次手术, 仍采用保留肾单位的肿瘤剜除术;5例无再次复发;3例二次复发患儿中, 1例术后再次出现原位复发合并肺转移, 再次行瘤肾切除术及肺叶楔形切除术, 无瘤生存至今, 其余2例因多处转移而最终死亡。术后均予化疗, 化疗药物包括长春新碱、阿霉素、环磷酰胺...  相似文献   

9.
目的探讨小儿肾母细胞瘤中血小板衍化内皮细胞生长因子(PD-ECGF)mRNA的表达及其临床意义。方法用逆转录多聚酶链反应(RTPCR)方法检测30例肾母细胞瘤组织、8例瘤旁、4例无瘤肾组织的PD-ECGF mRNA的表达情况,并分析PD-ECGF mRNA的表达与肾母细胞瘤的病理分型、临床分期、转移及预后之间的关系。结果所有标本均有不同程度的PD-ECGF mRNA的表达,表达程度呈肿瘤组织、瘤旁组织、无瘤组织依次降低。肿瘤组织是瘤旁组织的1.22倍(t=0.855,P〉0.05);瘤旁组织是无瘤对照组的2.07倍(t=2.65,P〈0.05);肿瘤组织是无瘤对照组的2.53倍(t=2.05,P〈0.05)。在肾母细胞瘤组织中PD-ECGF mRNA的表达与病理分型无关(F=0.691,P〉0.05),与临床分期也无关(F=0.05,P〉0.05),但有转移者的PD-ECGFmRNA的表达高于无转移者。全部病例获得随访,平均随访50,2个月(17~75个月),术中已发现转移和术后转移复发共18例,死亡7例。所有转移、复发患儿的PD-ECGF mRNA水平是无转移、复发患儿的1.72倍(t=2.2766,P〈0.05);是无瘤对照组的2.9倍(t=2.608,P〈0.05)。用PD-ECGF mRNA的表达预测肾母细胞瘤转移、复发及死亡的敏感性为83.3%,特异性80.0%。结论PD-ECGF mRNA在肾母细胞瘤组织中呈高表达,与其预后密切相关。提示PD-ECGF mRNA的表达对判断肾母细胞瘤预后有一定的意义。  相似文献   

10.
目的:讨横纹肌肉瘤的有效治疗措施。方法:顾分析上海儿童医学中心1998年10月~2006年6月诊断治疗的29例横纹肌肉瘤。肿瘤部位包括颈背部5例、胸壁1例、腹壁2例、后腹膜盆腔12例、肢体9例。病理分类胚胎型19例(65.5%),腺泡型8例(27.6%),多型性2例(6.9%)。临床分期Ⅰ期2例,Ⅱ期6例,Ⅲ期9例,Ⅳ期12例。26例(89.4%)肿瘤5~25cm,3例(10、3%)肿瘤2~5cm。结果:29例随访中2例1个疗程后自行终止治疗并失访。19例获得完全缓解(其中4例停药3个月到3年后复发或死亡,1例自行停药3个月复发),4例部分缓解(其中3例发病6个月后复发),4例治疗无反应(其中3例均复发或进展,1例病情反复处于带瘤生存)。14例持续缓解时间为5~77个月,平均22.9个月。停药平均16.9个月。结论:横纹肌肉瘤手术的完整切除、术前、术后的化疗起重要作用。  相似文献   

11.
背景 婴儿期起病的中枢神经系统(CNS)肿瘤临床罕见,国内少见报道.目的 探讨婴儿期起病的CNS肿瘤患儿的临床特征、病理类型、治疗结局及预后的影响因素.设计回顾性队列研究.方法 以2011年6月至2019年12月婴儿原发CNS肿瘤病例为队列起点,采用多学科诊疗模式手术联合化疗,以2020年3月31日为随访终点,采集性别...  相似文献   

12.
目的 总结儿童输尿管肿瘤的病理类型、临床表现、诊断、治疗和预后,提高对该病的认识.方法 回顾性分析2011年1月至2015年10月我院收治的5例输尿管肿瘤患儿的临床资料,结合文献总结儿童输尿管肿瘤的病理类型、临床表现、诊断、治疗及预后.5例患儿均为男性,输尿管炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤3例,2例以腹痛就诊,分别为6岁和10岁,肿瘤位于输尿管下段,均行输尿管下段肿物切除+输尿管端端(输尿管膀胱)吻合,1例以尿痛并血尿就诊,年龄1岁9月龄,肿物来源于下段输尿管,经输尿管膀胱连接部长入膀胱,继发膀胱输尿管积水,经输尿管和膀胱联合切除肿物+输尿管膀胱再植术.结果 术后随访5~48个月,未见肿瘤复发及转移.恶性横纹肌样瘤1例6岁,以左下腹痛2周就诊,输尿管肿瘤边界不清与腰大肌肉和后腹膜粘连,切除肿物行输尿管端端吻合,术后ICE方案化疗一疗程后局部复发,放弃治疗,术后233d死亡.尤文/原始神经外胚层瘤1例12岁,以右侧腰痛10d就诊,肿瘤位于输尿管髂血管水平,行输尿管肿瘤切除术+输尿管端端吻合术,术后予CAV+IE化疗12个月,随访56个月,未见转移及复发.结论 输尿管肿瘤在儿童发病率极低,文献曾报道的病理类型包括炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤、恶性横纹肌样瘤、尤文/原始神经外胚层瘤、横纹肌肉瘤,术前无特异方法诊断,手术完整切除肿瘤并重建输尿管是治疗的主要方法,确诊需要结合病理检查,根据病理类型决定是否化疗,治疗后均需要长期随访.  相似文献   

13.
BACKGROUND: The current International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP)-10 protocol does not allow pretreatment histological classification of low-stage renal tumors in children for fear of needle tract recurrences. The aims of this retrospective study were to evaluate the safety, sensitivity, and specificity of ultrasound-guided cutting needle biopsies (UCNB) performed at our institution in pediatric patients with renal tumors. PROCEDURE: Of 28 pediatric patients presenting with a renal tumor between 1988 and 1996, 25 underwent biopsy with the Biopty biopsy instrument (needle diameter 1.2 mm). The preoperative biopsy and nephrectomy slides were reviewed by a SIOP reference pathologist. The patients' hospital records were reviewed and biopsy complications were noted. RESULTS: At review of the nephrectomy slides, the diagnoses were: Wilms tumor (16 patients), with anaplasia in one case, rhabdoid tumor (2 patients), neuroblastoma (2 patients), mesoblastic nephroma (2 patients), clear cell sarcoma (1 patient), malignant teratoma (1 patient), and renal cell carcinoma (1 patient). No needle tract recurrence or other major complication was observed. The only complication was local pain at the biopsy site, which occurred in 24% (6/25) of the cases. The sensitivity of UCNB was 76% (19/25); five biopsies did not yield diagnostic material and one was not concordant. All cases of Wilms tumor were correctly diagnosed by UCNB, but only 33% (3/9) of the other tumors. CONCLUSIONS: In all cases of Wilms tumor a correct diagnosis was made. The overall sensitivity was 76%. UCNB proved to be a safe procedure that was not associated with needle tract recurrence or other serious complications.  相似文献   

14.
Cancer occurring in infants often has clinical and biological properties that are different from those of the same histologic type of cancer occurring in older children. The histologic distribution of cancers in infants and that in older children are also different. The aim of this study was to find these differences between infants and older children, and to compare the percent distribution of infant cancer subtypes with that reported by other countries. The authors collected infant cases diagnosed as having cancer from the database of the Cancer Registry in our Medical Center between 1995 and 2001. Subjects were selected subjects from inpatient logs, and their medical records were reviewed. Eighty-two infants (40 males and 42 females), including 12 neonates, were diagnosed with cancer over this 7-year period. Acute leukemia was diagnosed in 21 infants (25.6%; acute myeloid leukemia in 12, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia in 9), retinoblastoma in 14 (17.1%), neuroblastoma in 12 (14.6%), brain tumor in 9 (11.0%), germ cell tumor in 8 (9.8%), renal cancer in 8 (Wilms tumor 3, mesoblastic nephroma 1, renal sarcoma 1, rhabdoid tumor 3), hepatoblastoma in 5 (6.1%), and soft tissue sarcoma in 5 (rhabdomyosarcoma 1, fibrosarcoma 3, other sarcoma 1). The overall disease-free survival rate was 61.0% (50/82) with a median follow-up duration of 6.8 years for the survivors. The 4 most common types of cancer occurring in infants are the same in the present series and in most larger childhood cancer series reported by other countries; but rank differently. In this study there were more infants with acute leukemia and retinoblastoma, and less with neuroblastoma. The prognosis is poor for infant leukemia and rhabdoid tumor, while it is good for embryonal tumors and germ cell tumors occurring in infancy.  相似文献   

15.
OBJECTIVES: To characterize primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the kidney as a differential diagnosis for Wilms tumor, and to emphasize the severity of the disease. METHODS: We report the case of a patient with a diagnosis of primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the kidney who underwent nephrectomy and complete tumor resection combined with chemotherapy. RESULTS: Initially, the response of the patient to treatment was favorable, with a few events associated with agranulocytosis resulting from the chemotherapy. Ten months after of the end of treatment, the tumor recurred in the paraspinal cervical region. CONCLUSIONS: Primitive neuroectodermal tumors involving the kidney are very rare and extremely aggressive. In such cases, the pathologist has a major role in establishing a final diagnosis through histological and immunohistochemical methods.  相似文献   

16.
101 cases of Wilms' tumor (nephroblastoma) were investigated by light microscopy. In 80 cases a diagnosis of triphasic nephroblastoma was made. 21 cases were classified as special variants of Wilms' tumor. These included congenital mesoblastic nephroma (n = 5), fetal rhabdomyomatous nephroblastoma (n = 2), cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma (n = 3), nephroblastoma with focal or diffuse anaplasia (n = 2), clear cell sarcoma or bone metastasizing renal tumor of childhood (n = 4), rhabdoid tumor (n = 2) and rhabdomyosarcomatous nephroblastoma (n = 3). Based on our own follow-up data and on information from the literature we propose to separate the group of nephroblastomas into three categories of different prognosis: 1. Nephroblastomas of low risk (congenital mesoblastic nephroma, fetal rhabdomyomatous nephroblastoma, cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma) - in most of these cases simple nephrectomy sufficient as adequate therapy. 2. Nephroblastomas of standard risk (triphasic nephroblastomas) - therapy according to stage of disease. 3. Nephroblastomas of high risk (nephroblastomas with focal or diffuse anaplasia, clear cell sarcoma, rhabdoid tumor, rhabdomyosarcomatous nephroblastoma) - successful therapy has as yet to be developed.  相似文献   

17.
The confident diagnosis of renal spindle cell tumors in children is often difficult. An immunohistochemical study of WT-1, Bcl-2, and CD34 was performed to determine their expression profiles and to assess the potential utility of these immunohistochemical markers in the differential diagnosis of 36 cases of renal spindle cell tumors of childhood. The cases included 11 stromal predominant Wilms tumors, 12 cellular mesoblastic nephromas, 9 clear cell sarcomas of the kidney (CCSK), and 4 monophasic synovial sarcomas. WT-1 was uniformly positive in primitive undifferentiated stromal Wilms tumors (6 of 6) and negative in the differentiating and differentiated stromal elements of Wilms tumors (0 of 5). WT-1 was also negative in cellular mesoblastic nephromas (0 of 12), CCSKs (0 of 12), and synovial sarcomas (0 of 4). Bcl-2 was expressed in all stromal Wilms tumors (11 of 11), all synovial sarcomas (4 of 4), some CCSKs (4 of 9), and none of the cellular mesoblastic nephromas (0 of 12). Although CD34 was absent in the tumor cells of all the tumors studies (0 of 36), CD34 immunohistochemistry nicely demonstrated the evenly distributed septal capillaries characteristic of CCSK in all 9 cases of this tumor. We conclude that a combination of WT-1 and Bcl-2 immunohistochemistry may aid in the distinction of stromal Wilms tumor, monophasic synovial sarcoma, cellular mesoblastic nephroma, and CCSK.  相似文献   

18.
目的探讨儿童内脏非横纹肌肉瘤软组织肉瘤的诊治要点。方法2004年7月至2010年7月我们收治儿童内脏非横纹肌肉瘤软组织肉瘤10例,其中男性7例,女性3例,年龄最大12岁,最小2岁。结果10例患儿中,手术后病理类型包括滑膜肉瘤1例,婴儿型纤维肉瘤2例,促结缔组织增生性小圆细胞肿瘤(DSRCT)1例,淋巴管平滑肌肉瘤1例,腹膜后平滑肌肉瘤1例,大网膜脂肪肉瘤1例,原始神经外胚叶肿瘤3例。肿瘤直径均〉5cm,以手术、化疗或放疗综合治疗为原则,其中淋巴管平滑肌肉瘤1例,腹膜后平滑肌肉瘤1例,大网膜脂肪肉瘤1例手术完整切除,术后定期随访,未作放疗和化疗。其他7例手术后辅助化疗和放疗。所有病例最长随访时间7年,最短15个月,平均随访时间(41.3±23.19)个月。结论内脏非横纹肌肉瘤软组织肉瘤因部位及肿瘤大小而影响手术完整切除,提高手术切除的技能、寻找更加有效的化疗和放疗是内脏NRSTS今后治疗的方向。  相似文献   

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