颞下颌关节疾病的外科手术治疗

目的 :颞下颌关节疾病的治疗包括保守治疗和外科手术治疗 ,本研究目的是探讨颞下颌关节疾病外科手术治疗的适应证以及手术方法。方法 :对 1988年至 2 0 0 0年共收治的 76 5例颞下颌关节疾病患者进行回顾性研究。其中颞下颌关节紊乱病患者共 4 18例 ,颞下颌关节外伤 15 9例 ,颞下颌关节强直 131例 ,髁状突肥大 38例 ,颞下颌关节肿瘤 18例 ,颞下颌关节感染 1例 ,其中 6 37例进行了外科手术治疗。结果 :颞下颌关节紊乱病患中 2 18例行颞下颌关节内窥镜术 ,2 1例行颞下颌关节盘复位术 ,91例行颞下颌关节盘修补术 ,11例行陈旧性关节脱位开放复位术 ;131例行颞下颌关节成形术 ;10 9例行髁状突骨折开放复位术 ;38例行髁状突截骨术和正颌手术 ;18例行颞下颌关节肿瘤切除术。结论 :颞下颌关节紊乱病、损伤、关节强直、肿瘤、畸形以及其他关节疾病的手术适应证范围在不断地扩大 ,颞下颌关节外科的手术方法也在不断地改良。颞下颌关节外科手术治疗正向着微创和恢复关节功能的方向发展     

颞下颌关节疾病的外科手术治疗

目的：颞下颌关节疾病的治疗包括保守治疗和外科手术治疗，本研究目的是探讨颞下颌关节疾病外科手术治疗的适应证以及手术方法。方法：对1988年至2000年共收治的765例颞下颌关节疾病患者进行回顾性研究。其中颞下颌关节紊乱病患者共418例，颞下颌关节外伤159例，颞下颌关节强直131例，髁状突肥大38例，颞下颌关节肿瘤18例，颞下颌关节感染1例，其中637例进行了外科手术治疗。结果：颞下颌关节紊乱病患中218例行颞下颌关节内窥镜术，21例行颞下颌关节盘复位术，91例行颞下颌关节盘修补术，11例行陈旧性关节脱位放复位术；131例行颞下颌关节成形术；109例行髁状突骨折开放复位术；38例行髁状突截骨术和正颌手术；18例行颞下颌关节肿瘤切除术。结论：颞下颌关节率乱病、损伤、关节强直、肿瘤、畸形以及其他关节疾病的手术适应证范围在不断地扩大，颞下颌关节外科的手术方法也在不断地改良。颞下颌关节科手术治疗正向着微创和恢复关节功能的方向发展。     

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随着锥形束CT在口腔颌面部应用的开展,锥形束CT也逐渐应用于颞下颌关节疾病的影像诊断中。本文介绍锥形束CT在颞下颌关节疾病中的应用现状,包括颞下颌关节紊乱病、颞下颌关节发育畸形、关节创伤、关节强直以及关节肿瘤等,结果表明锥形束CT作为一种有价值、有前途的影像检查方法,可以用于颞下颌关节疾病特别是关节骨性改变的评估中。     

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颞下颌关节强直继发畸形临床表现复杂多样,是口腔颌面整复外科领域内颇具挑战的一类疾病。近年来,运用多种矫治方法来恢复关节功能,改善容貌缺陷,矫正咬合紊乱以期获得形态与功能俱佳的治疗效果是诊治此类严重畸形的终极目标。目前,临床上综合运用关节成形术、正颌外科与正畸联合、牵张成骨、轮廓整形外科、骨或骨替代材料移植等技术来矫治此类继发畸形,获得了较为满意的治疗效果。     

真性颞下颌关节强直的外科治疗进展

真性颞下颌关节强直是由于一侧或两侧颞下颌关节内发生病变,最后造成颞下颌关节内的纤维性或骨性粘连的一种疾病。真性颞下颌关节强直主要病因是损伤和炎症。临床的主要表现是开口困难、患侧下颌骨发育不足、牙合关系紊乱、髁突活动减弱或消失,有些幼年发病的患者因为严重的下颌骨发育不足而易继发阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(obstructivesleep apnea syndrome,OSAS)。外科手术是治疗真性颞下颌关节强直的唯一方法,部分成年患者如存在小颌、OSAS,可同期进行正颌外科手术,既改善患者的开口度,恢复咀嚼功能,同时改善颌面畸形,对合并OSAS的…     

上颌咬合板治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病

目的为寻找治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病的有效方法。方法对34例颞下颌关节紊乱病伴前牙深覆患者给予上颌板治疗。结果上颌咬合板对颞下颌关节疼痛、弹响以及张口受限等临床症状有明显的缓解作用。结论上颌咬合板可作为治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病的方法之一。     

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颞下颌关节强直是口腔颌面部一类严重的疾病,其临床分型主要依据颞下颌关节骨性融合情况及其周围附属结构受累情况而定。临床针对颞下颌关节强直的治疗主要以手术为主,术后加以功能训练。外科手术治疗颞下颌关节强直的主要途径可以概括为以下三方面：解除关节强直的解剖因素;恢复或重建关节基本结构;对继发畸形的治疗。目前针对以上三方面的多种治疗手段各有利弊,本文将对近年来常用的手术治疗方法予以分类介绍。     

创伤性颞下颌关节强直的分类和治疗进展

颞下颌关节强直是一类严重影响口颌系统功能的疾病,会导致开口受限,严重者引起面部畸形和睡眠呼吸暂停综合征等。由于创伤是引起颞下颌关节强直的主要原因,本文就创伤性颞下颌关节强直的诊断、分类和治疗进展等进行综述。     

颞下颌关节紊乱病与系统性疾病相关性研究进展

颞下颌关节紊乱病是口腔颌面部常见的疾病之一,颞下颌关节紊乱病并非指单一疾病,它是一类病因尚未完全清楚而又有相同或相似临床症状的一组疾病的总称。颞下颌关节紊乱病的发病机制尚未完全阐明,多数学者解释为多种致病因素相互作用下发生。近年来研究发现糖尿病、类风湿性关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮、强直性脊柱炎等全身系统性疾病与颞下颌关节紊乱病的发生相关,本文对颞下颌关节紊乱病与部分系统性疾病相关性研究进展进行阐述。     

颞下颌关节疾病

调（牙合）对TMD慢性疼痛治疗效果的临床评价初探,义齿式（牙合）板治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病伴牙列缺损磨损探讨,调（牙合）治疗颞颌关节系乱病疼痛效果及其可能机制的初步研究,山羊颞下颌关节强直病理模型的建立,骨牵引技术治疗TMJ强直小下颌畸形伴阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征,前侧方入路至颞下窝及邻近区域的临床解剖研究.[编者按]     

下颌运动轨迹分析在颞下颌关节紊乱病诊疗中的应用及展望

近年来,颞下颌关节紊乱综合征(temporomandibular disorder,TMD)患病率越来越高,且病因复杂.下颌运动轨迹观测能够针对颞下颌关节(temporomandibular joint,TMJ)的运动能力及协调性进行诊断分析,广泛应用于口腔正畸、修复及外科治疗过程中,对TMD的诊断分析及疗效评定具有重...     

Physiotherapy as an adjuvant therapy for treatment of TMJ disorders

Physiotherapy has long been used to cure joint and muscle diseases. It has also been used to treat various diseases without inflicting mental trauma or the pain of surgery. This adjunctive therapeutic modality is widely used for patients with orofacial disorders, especially in the prevention or treatment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder, hypomobility, or ankylosis. Physiotherapy has a particular importance in the treatment of TMJ disorders such as myofascial pain and internal derangement. This review article highlights the importance of physiotherapy as an emerging adjuvant therapy in the treatment of TMJ disorders.     

The MRI Study as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Indicator in the Non-Surgical Management of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: Phase I Management—A Case Report

The dental profession frequently points to occlusion, muscle disorders or psychological stress as principal causes of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. Diagnosis and management is confusing, and no general consensus exists. Recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have allowed a means of evaluating large numbers of patients for internal derangements in an objective non-invasive fashion. This has unequivocally confirmed prior arthrographic and surgical observation that partial or complete dislocation of the articular disk with condylar compression of sensitive superior posterior joint space neurovascular elements is the principal pathophysiologic mechanism of TMJ disorders. TMJ disorders have been shown to be a general progression of degenerative joint disease characterized by joint space compression with displacement and degeneration of articular hard and soft tissues, most commonly the result of trauma. This article illustrates how the author has combined several different dental and medical diagnostic procedures with clinical therapeutic measures to manage patients to improved function and remission of symptoms by controlling the position of the joint hard structures in an objective fashion.     

Image-guided minimally invasive surgical access to the temporomandibular joint: A preliminary report.

PURPOSE: To establish a protocol for image-guided minimally invasive surgical access to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study involved 2 patients with TMJ pain and mandibular motion dysfunction. Axial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the TMJ was obtained and loaded into an intra-operative navigation system to guide joint space injection. With a navigated syringe, 1 mL synvisc Hylan G-F 20 was directly injected into the superior and inferior joint spaces under navigation guidance. RESULTS: With the assistance of an intraoperative navigational system, the TMJ MRI images were visualized in 3 dimensions and enabled guiding a needle into the superior and inferior joint spaces for therapeutic injection. The treatment outcome for both patients was satisfactory with improvement in pain score and mandibular motion. CONCLUSIONS: A protocol for image-guided minimally invasive surgical access to the TMJ was established. This could provide the technical basis for evaluation of accurate joint space intervention as a form of treatment of appropriate TMJ disorders.     

Management of the temporomandibular joint in rheumatoid disorders

This article summarises the rheumatoid diseases that particularly affect the temporomandibular joint (TMJ): psoriatic arthropathy, ankylosing spondylitis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Management is by a joint approach between rheumatologists and maxillofacial surgeons with a specific interest in diseases of the TMJ who give early surgical advice. Steroid injections, whilst useful in the short term, are not useful for long term or repeated treatment, and may lead to collapse of the joint and development of a deformed anterior open bite. These disorders should be managed primarily using standard conservative regimens, and failure to respond should lead to diagnostic or therapeutic arthroscopy and appropriate surgical treatment. When ankylosis develops or the joint collapses, a replacement joint should be considered and patients should be referred to an appropriately trained surgeon.     

Comparison of different methods of temporomandibular joint disc reconstruction - An animal model

The optimum method of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) reconstruction has not been defined despite numerous surgical treatments and several well controlled clinical trials. Animal models offer an experimental method allowing direct comparison of standardized surgical techniques. Advanced osteoarthrosis was induced bilaterally in 12 mature merino sheep. Three months later unilateral surgical reconstruction was performed. Four sheep had discectomy alone, four discectomy with fresh TMJ disc grafts, and four discectomy with fresh auricular grafts. All three surgical methods resulted in some reversal and repair of the osteoarthritic process, with the best result being from the auricular graft, next discectomy alone, next the disc graft, with the untreated osteoarthritic joint showing the most advanced pathosis. This study supports the role of surgical reconstruction in advanced degenerative disease of the temporomandibular joint, in particular, auricular graft reconstruction.     

Fabrication of a three-dimensional temporomandibular joint model for arthrocentesis and arthroscopy simulation

Arthrocentesis and arthroscopy are relatively safe treatments for arthrogenic temporomandibular disorders. Hands-on training in both procedures is essential for surgeons to become competent. In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) temporomandibular joint (TMJ) prototype was developed at a relatively low cost, and arthrocentesis and arthroscopy were performed successfully on the model. Despite its limitations, this model is a viable adjunct to TMJ surgical training and can be fabricated easily by any training centre with a 3D printer.