用聚合酶链反应检测血清标本诊断阿米巴肝脓肿的价值

用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）检测阿米巴肝脓肿患者血清标本中的溶组织内阿米巴３００００蛋白基因,结果４２例患者中有３５例呈阳性反应,阳性率８３．３％,低于脓标本ＰＣＲ阳性率（１００％）（Ｐ〈０．０１）。３例细菌性肝脓肿、１例肝癌及１０例其它部位脓肿患者的血清和脓对照标本ＰＣＲ均呈阴性反应。对ＰＣＲ检测血标本诊断阿米巴肝脓肿的价值进行了讨论。     

用聚合酶链反应检测血清标本诊断阿米巴肝脓肿的价值

用聚合酶链反应（ Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ）检测阿米巴肝脓肿患者血清标本中的溶组织内阿米巴 ３０ ０００ 蛋白基因,结果４２ 例患者中有３５ 例呈阳性反应,阳性率为８３．３％ ,低于脓标本 Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ阳性率（１００％ ）（ Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。３ 例细菌性肝脓肿、１ 例肝癌及１０ 例其它部位脓肿患者的血清和脓对照标本 Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ均呈阴性反应。对 Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ检测血标本诊断阿米巴肝脓肿的价值进行了讨论。     

阿米巴肝脓肿患者血清sIL－2R水平与红细胞免疫功能相关性的研究

本文检测了３２例阿米巴肝脓肿患者的血清可溶性白细胞介素２受体（ｓＩＬ─２Ｒ）水平及红细胞免疫功能,并分析ｓＩＬ─２Ｒ与红细胞免疫功能之间的相关性。结果显示,阿米巴肝脓肿患者的ｓＩＬ─２Ｒ水平显著地高于正常对照组,而红细胞免疫功能则显著地低于正常对照组。经流式细胞仪测定,患者ＣＤ４细胞减少、ＣＤ８细胞增高,ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８比值下降。相关分析表明,血清ｓＩＬ─２Ｒ水平与红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率（ＲＢＣ─Ｃ３ｂＲＲ）呈显性负相关。阿米巴肝脓肿患者血清ｓＩＬ─２Ｒ水平的升高可能是导致患者红细胞免疫功能低下原因之一。     

左叶阿米巴肝脓肿15例

左叶阿米巴肝脓肿１５例沈伟明沈翠英赵云才李必瑾江苏省盐城市第一医院消化科２２４００１主题词肝脓肿，阿米巴／治疗穿刺术甲硝唑／治疗应用Ｓｕｂｊｅｃｔｈｅａｄｉｎｇｓ分类号Ｒ５３１．１２１对象和方法１．１对象本组１５例，男１１例，女４例。年龄２０＿５５岁...     

阿米巴肝脓肿患者血清sIL—2R水平与红细胞免疫功能相关性的…

本文检测了３２例阿米巴肝肿患者的血清可溶性白细胞介素２受体水平及红细胞免疫功能，并分析ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ与红细胞免疫功能之间的相关性。结果显示，阿米巴肝脓肿患者的ｓＩＬ－２４水平显著地高于正常对照组，而红细胞免疫功能同显著地低于正常对照组。     

阿米巴肝脓肿15例治疗

阿米巴肝脓肿１５例治疗彭明发湖南省郴州市中医院内科４２３０００ＳｕｂｊｅｃｔｈｅａｄｉｎｇｓＬｉｖｅｒａｂｓｃｅｓｓ，ａｍｅｂｉｃ／ｔｈｅｒａｐｙ主题词肝脓肿，阿米巴性／治疗中国图书资料分类号Ｒ５３１１２１临床资料１９８８年～１９９５年我院诊治该...     

替硝唑治疗阿米巴肝脓肿的疗效观察

目的观察替硝唑对阿米巴肝脓肿的临床疗效。方法以每日顿服替硝唑２．０ｇ，５日疗法治疗３３例阿米巴肝脓肿患者，并与甲硝唑１４日疗法治疗３１例阿米巴肝脓肿患者进行比较。结果替硝唑组患者体温恢复正常时间（３．７±０．５天），平均住院天数（２４．３±１．５天）及总有效率（７８．８％）与甲硝唑组比较，差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。但替硝唑组患者脓腔缩小所需时间较短，肝区疼痛消失较早，不良反应亦比甲硝唑组较少（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论替硝唑是一种治疗阿米巴肝脓肿的新的良好药物     

阿米巴病的细胞免疫反应

对阿米巴抗原的细胞间质免疫反应的研究极少,曾报道用淋巴细胞转化试验、移动抑制因子和皮肤试验等,前法在急性病例大都阳性,后两法阳性甚少。研究对象为9例急性阿米巴肝脓肿患者,1例化脓性肝脓肿患者和1例肝癌患者。6名正常人作为对照。阿米巴肝脓肿的诊断是以临床表现、特有的脓肿脓液和抗阿米巴化疗后好转为依据。以无菌培养的溶组织内阿米巴Hk-9株为抗原(所用浓度为100     

阿米巴肝脓肿患者溶组织内阿米巴抗体的消长和存留—216例分析

本文总结分析了1972～1982年间,在德国各医院的216例阿米巴肝脓肿患者的血清学检查结果。阿米巴肝脓肿的诊断依据为:1)脓肿中找到溶组织阿米巴滋养体;2)肝脓肿中未找到细菌而抗阿米巴治疗有效;3)X线摄片示为肝脓肿,抗阿米巴治疗有效而溶组织阿米巴抗体增加。所有患者均接受特殊化疗,也有联合外科治疗,且在观察期间无复发者。以发热和上腹痛出现的第1天作为肝脓肿发病开始。血清学检查均在一周内抽血进行。 216例患者年龄为3～78岁,其中20～39岁占68.7%,男女之比为5.3∶1。潜伏期     

阿米巴肝脓肿102例治疗分析

对102例阿米巴肝脓肿患者临床资料作回顾性分析.主要临床表现为发热,肝肿大伴触疼,血沉增快,外周血白细胞增高,患者血阿米巴抗体阳性.B超检查单个脓肿90例(81%),多发脓肿12例(19%).甲硝唑治疗48例,替硝唑治疗54例,替硝唑治疗优于甲硝唑.肝脓肿穿刺抽脓61例,经腹部或肋间切开引流21例.治愈100例,死亡2例.认为抗阿米巴治疗对小的肝脓肿疗效好,充分而有效的穿刺引流是治疗大的肝脓肿的主要措施.     

The immunoneuroendocrine role of melatonin

Abstract: A tight, physiological link between the pineal gland and the immune system is emerging from a series of experimental studies. This link might reflect the evolutionary connection between self-recognition and reproduction. Pinealectomy or other experimental methods which inhibit melatonin synthesis and secretion induce a state of immunodepression which is counteracted by melatonin. In general, melatonin seems to have an immunoenhancing effect that is particularly apparent in immunodepressive states. The negative effect of acute stress or immunosuppressive pharmacological treatments on various immune parameters are counteracted by melatonin. It seems important to note that one of the main targets of melatonin is the thymus, i.e., the central organ of the immune system. The clinical use of melatonin as an immunotherapeutic agent seems promising in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies as well as in cancer immunotherapy. The immunoenhancing action of melatonin seems to be mediated by T-helper cell-derived opioid peptides as well as by lymphokines and, perhaps, by pituitary hormones. Melatonin-induced-immuno-opioids (MHO) and lymphokines imply the presence of specific binding sites or melatonin receptors on cells of the immune system. On the other hand, lymphokines such as -γ-interferon and interleukin-2 as well as thymic hormones can modulate the synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland. The pineal gland might thus be viewed as the crux of a sophisticated immunoneuroendocrine network which functions as an unconscious, diffuse sensory organ.     

Changes in connexin43, the gap junction protein of astrocytes, during development of the rat pineal gland

Abstract: The abundance of gap junctions between rat pineal astrocytes formed by connexin43 (Cx43) was studied during development. Levels and distribution of Cx43 were measured by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence, respectively. The amount of Cx43 in cells located within the gland was low until about the 7th postnatal day and increased to adult values between the 14th and 21st days postpartum. Although astrocytes, recognized by their vimentin immunoreactivity, were scarce before birth, they were abundant by the 7th postnatal day suggesting that the low levels of Cx43 found at this age corresponded to a low expression of this protein. Localization of the immunoreactivity to Cx43 and vimentin showed a close correlation, indicating that mature or immature pineal astrocytes form gap junctions made of Cx43. Since Cx43 levels attained their adult values at about the time the innervation and the functional state of the gland reached maturity (2–3 weeks after birth), it is proposed that astrocyte gap junctions are involved in the function of the adult rat pineal gland.     

Conservative management of perforated duodenal diverticulum： A case report and review of the literature

Duodenal diverticula are a relatively common condition. They are asymptomatic, unless they become complicated, with perforation being the rarest but most severe complication. Surgical treatment is the most frequently performed approach. We report the case of a patient with a perforated duodenal diverticulum, which was diagnosed early and treated conservatively with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of secondary retroperitoneal abscesses. We suggest this method could be an acceptable option for the management of similar cases, provided that the patient is in good general condition and without septic signs.     

Response of rat pineal melatonin to calcium, magnesium, and lithium is circadian stage dependent

Abstract: Herein we documented the response of pineal melatonin production to electrolytes known to be effective on pineal function in view of a possible circadian stage dependence. We studied the release of melatonin by perifused rat pineal glands at 2 different circadian stages corresponding to the middle of the light and dark periods, i.e., respectively, 7 and 19 HALO (Hours After Light Onset, L:D = 12:12). The initial efflux rates were, as expected, much higher in the perifusates of glands removed from rats sacrificed during the dark phase than of those removed during the light phase. After 3 hr of perifusion, melatonin release reached similar levels which were found constant up to the 8th hr of perifusion, whatever the circadian stage. Perifusion of the glands with physiological concentrations for the rat of calcium (5.2 mmol/1) and magnesium (1.34 mmol/1) resulted in a stimulatory effect on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed in the middle of the dark period (19 HALO), whereas no effects were observed on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed during the light (7 HALO). Lithium (0.28 and 0.55 mmol/1) was ineffective on melatonin release in pineal glands removed 7 and 19 HALO. Our results show differences in the initial efflux rates of melatonin and in the response of perifused pineal glands to calcium and magnesium according to the circadian stage.     

Presence of immunoreactive growth hormone and prolactin in the ovine pineal gland

Abstract: The use of antisera raised against bovine growth hormone (GH) and ovine prolactin (PRL) enabled the detection of related immunoreactive (ir) sequences of proteins in ovine pineal tissue. The isolation of PRL-like ir-material was accomplished using a 0.25 M ammonium sulphate (pH 5.5) extraction followed by ethanol precipitation, whereas the resulting 2.0 M ammonium sulphate (pH 7.0) precipitate contained a GH-like immunoreactivity. Gel chromatography of the GH-like immunoreactivity (Sephadex G-100) indicated the presence of several GH-like fragments ranging in the M_r range of 7,000 to 55,000. Analyses of the PRL-like ir-material found in pineal tissue on HPLC using a TSK 545-DEAE column led to the resolution into a single peak of immunoreactivity. A single peak of activity was also observed following chromatofocusing and hydrophobic interaction chromatography of the ir-peak from the TSK 545-DEAE column. The PRL-like ir-material inhibited the binding of [¹²⁵I]ovine PRL-S14 to anti-ovine PRL antibodies without showing an affinity for binding to anti-rat PRL or anti-bovine GH antibodies. Scatchard analysis of the binding of pineal PRL-like ir-material and pituitary ovine PRL-S14 to liver membranes from day-20 pregnant rats revealed similar affinity constants (K_a of 4.7 ± 0.2 × 10⁹ M^-1). In addition, the replication of Nb 2 Node rat lymphoma cells was stimulated by pineal PRL-like ir-material, an effect known to be specific for lactogenic hormones. The pineal PRL-like immunoreactivity appeared on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels as a single major band of M_r 24,000. The functional status of PRL-and GH-like ir-material in the ovine pineal remains to be determined, but evidence is presented that the overall protein synthesis rate of the rat pineal responded to circulating concentrations of PRL.     

Microbiology of human immunodeficiency virus anorectal disease

PURPOSE: Individuals who are seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus are at high risk for opportunistic infection and anorectal disorders. Little prospective information is available regarding anorectal pathogens in these patients. METHODS: One hundred sixty-three HIV-seropositive patients presented to the colorectal clinic between 1989 and 1992. Forty-seven (29 percent) patients were thought to have an infectious process and were prospectively studied using a standardized multiculture protocol. RESULTS: Mean age was 33 (range, 19–59) years. All were male; high-risk behavior accounted for 87 percent of HIV transmissions. Presenting complaints included anorectal pain (79 percent), pus per anum (28 percent), and blood per anum (26 percent). Examination revealed perianal tenderness (60 percent), condyloma (38 percent), perianal ulcers (38 percent), and anal fissures (34 percent). Sixty-six sets of cultures were performed; 28 patients had one set, 15 had two sets, and 4 had three sets. Thirty-two of these 47 patients (68 percent) had positive cultures including herpes (50 percent), cytomegalovirus (25 percent),Neisseria gonorrhoeae (16 percent), chlamydia (16 percent), acidfast bacilli (2 percent), and others (9 percent). Six of 32 patients with positive cultures had more than one organism cultured. Sixteen (50 percent) patients with positive cultures were treated medically, 8 (25 percent) were treated surgically and 8 (25 percent) were treated with both modalities. Sixty-one procedures were performed on 17 patients for condylomata. Eighteen patients had 20 procedures for abscesses, 50 percent of whom had positive cultures for other than common bowel flora; all improved. Fourteen patients underwent 33 procedures for perianal fistulas.Mycobacterium fortuitum was cultured from one patient who required 13 procedures for abscesses and fistulas. Forty-five (96 percent) patients were followed for an average of 12.5 months ±2.9 SEM (range, 1–94 months). Symptoms were improved or resolved in 22 of 32 (69 percent) patients with positive cultures and in 11 of 13 (84 percent) with negative cultures. CONCLUSIONS: Specific pathogens may often be identified in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients with anorectal disorders if aggressively sought. Although patients without specific pathogens identified may be expected to improve with planned empiric treatment, positive identification allows more directed therapy.