椎弓根钉棒系统治疗腰椎滑脱的置钉技巧

目的通过改良椎弓根钉棒系统置钉方法使腰椎滑脱术中复位更加容易。方法回顾性分析采用改良后的置钉技巧行后路椎弓根钉棒系统复位固定、减压和椎问植骨融合治疗的腰椎滑脱32例的临床资料。结果32例获得12-42个月的随访．术后1年X线片检查提示滑脱无进展,椎间隙全部达到骨性融合。采用Nakai评分标准进行评定：优25例,良4例．可3例,优良率90．6％。结论改良椎弓根钉棒系统置钉方法可以使滑脱复位更加容易;对于腰椎I度滑脱不强求完全复位,主要是获得椎间植骨融合稳定脊柱和防止滑脱进展;对于腰椎滑脱Ⅱ度以上尽可能复位,同时进行椎间植骨融合稳定脊柱和防止滑脱进展。     

不同手术方式治疗腰椎滑脱症的比较

目的：比较采用不同内固定及植骨融合方式治疗腰椎滑脱症的手术疗效及适应证。方法：应用后路椎弓根螺钉复位内固定后．分别采用后外侧植骨融合术、后路椎体间植骨融合术及前路椎体间植骨融合术治疗不同类型及合并症的腰椎滑脱症患者67例，比较不同术式的手术时间与出血量、手术疗效与并发症、滑脱椎体复位率与复位丢失率以及椎间隙高度。结果：后路椎弓根钉固定加椎体间植骨融合术手术时间最长、出血量最多。手术总体优良率为88．71％，三种术式间无差异。所有椎体间植骨组植骨融合良好，椎间隙高度维持良好，滑脱椎体复位无丢失；12例后外侧植骨者平均复位丢失率为11．24％，2例椎弓根螺钉松动，2枚椎弓根螺钉断裂。结论：退变性腰椎滑脱者宜选用后路椎弓根钉固定加后外侧植骨融合术；峡部裂性腰椎滑脱者宜选用后路椎弓根钉固定加椎体间植骨融合术；腰椎滑脱翻修者宜选用后路椎弓根钉固定加前路椎体间植骨融合术     

π式椎间融合在腰椎滑脱症手术治疗中的应用价值

目的 观察腰椎滑脱症在椎管减压、椎弓根钉复位固定、π式椎间融合手术治疗的临床疗效。方法 采用后路手术,行椎管、侧隐窝及神经根管的彻底减压,切除病变椎间盘,利用椎弓根钉复位,行病变椎体间前方植骨,左右椎间融合器融合及椎弓钉内固定术治疗腰椎滑脱症48例。结果 36例Ⅰ度滑脱完全复位,10例Ⅱ度滑脱有9例复位,1例Ⅳ度滑脱完全复位,滑脱复位满意率98％。椎体间高度恢复正常。用JOA评分,术前JOA平均评分6．715分,术后JOA平均评分13．343分。术后根据X线片检查,所有患者椎体间“式融合均骨融合;椎间隙高度保持正常,滑脱未复发。术前术后JOA评分平均改善率80．81％。随访18～26个月,JOA评分平均改善率88．74％。结论 后路π式椎体间融合治疗腰椎滑脱症,恢复了椎体间高度,扩大了椎体间植骨接触的面积,减少了椎弓根钉的应力,即防止了滑脱矫正度数的丢失,又有利于椎体间的骨融合,同时减少了椎弓根钉的断钉发生率。     

椎弓根螺钉内固定及单侧后路植骨融合术治疗腰椎滑脱症

目的 探讨椎弓根螺钉复位固定及单侧后路植骨融合术治疗腰椎滑脱症的疗效。方法 本组采用椎弓根螺钉将滑脱椎体提拉复位，一侧半椎板减压，另一侧椎板植骨融合治疗腰椎滑脱症28例。其中退变型18例，峡部型10例。L滑脱20例，b滑脱8例，其中Ⅰ度20例，Ⅱ度8例。结果 术后随访6～60个月，根据Nakai分级：优20例，良4例，可4例，优良率85．7％。25例达到骨性融合，融合率为89，3％，平均融合时间为4个月（3～6个月）。结论 椎弓根螺钉复位固定加单侧后路植骨融合术是治疗只有一侧神经根性症状的腰椎滑脱症的一种有效方法。该方法操作简便、损伤小、出血少。     

RF椎弓根复位内固定结合单枚椎间融合器和横突间植骨治疗腰椎滑脱症

目的探讨RF椎弓根复位内固定结合单枚椎间融合器和横突间植骨治疗腰椎滑脱症的临床疗效。方法采用腰椎管减压、RF椎弓根复位内固定、单枚椎间融合器、横突间植骨治疗腰椎滑脱症27例,按Meyerding分类法：1度15例．2度11例,3度1例,滑脱位置：L4-5 18例,L5S1 9例。结果术后平均随访18．5月(6～43个月),优良率92．6％：结论RF椎弓根复位内固定结合单枚椎间融合器和横突间植骨治疗腰椎滑脱症效果优良,为临床治疗腰椎滑脱提供了一条新的、可行的途径。     

后路复位固定加360度植骨融合治疗腰椎滑脱症

目的探讨后路复位固定加360度植骨融合治疗腰椎滑脱症的疗效。方法36例腰椎滑脱患者，按Meyerding分度：Ⅰ度滑脱20例，Ⅱ度滑脱10例，Ⅲ度滑脱6例，均伴有不同程度的腰椎不稳和神经症状，行后路椎弓根钉复位固定加360度植骨融合术治疗。结果36例均获12～24个月随访，平均随访时间18个月。根据Ashor的疗效观察项目：优：28例，良6例，可2例，差0例，优良率达94．4％。结论后路复位固定加360度植骨融合术是一种值得推荐的治疗腰椎滑脱的手术方法。     

退行性腰椎不稳的手术治疗

目的：探讨后路腰椎管减压、钉棒系统复位内固定、椎间融合器或横突间植骨融合治疗腰椎滑脱症的疗效.方法：对35例腰椎滑脱ugh患者进行腰椎管减压、钉棒系统复位内固定、椎间融合和横突间植骨的手术治疗.其中Ⅰ度滑脱32例,Ⅱ度滑脱3例.28例采用椎板开窗减压钉棒系统固定、横突间植骨融合术;7例采用全椎板减压钉棒系统固定、椎间融合器加植骨融合术.结果：35例中,30例术后2周内神经受压症状消失,X片显示内固定器械位置良好.5例术后出现神经症状加重：神经根刺激症状加重者4例,其中3例经治疗症状于3个月内缓解,1例症状未缓解者于术后8个月将内固定钉棒取出后症状缓解;不全瘫者1例,经二次手术探查后症状减轻.29例获得连续随访,随访时间2～3.5年,1例于术后6个月发现滑脱椎体再次轻度滑脱.1例因跌倒致椎弓根螺钉位置改变,伴有神经根刺激症状,将椎弓根螺钉取出后症状缓解,其余27例椎体滑脱完全复位,椎间融合或横突间植骨融合良好.临床疗效按照邹德威的综合评价标准评估：优20例,良7例,一般2例,优良率为93.1%.结论：后路腰椎管减压、钉棒系统复位内固定、椎间融合或横突间植骨治疗腰椎滑脱症效果满意.     

改良椎间植骨融合联合椎弓根钉内固定治疗峡部裂性腰椎滑脱症

目的探讨运用滑脱椎"漂浮椎板"修整后椎间植骨联合椎弓根钉系统复位内固定治疗峡部裂性腰椎滑脱症的疗效。方法采用滑脱椎"漂浮椎板"修整后椎间植骨联合椎弓根钉系统复位内固定治疗峡部裂性腰椎滑脱症21例,评价术后椎间植骨愈合、滑脱复位及椎间高度恢复情况。结果随访6～28个月,患者均获得骨性融合。疗效评价按侯树勋等评定标准:优16例,良3例,可2例。结论运用滑脱椎"漂浮椎板"修整后椎间植骨联合椎弓根钉系统复位内固定治疗峡部裂性腰椎滑脱症具有手术操作简单、复位满意、植骨融合率高等优点。     

重度腰椎滑脱症的手术治疗

目的 探讨重度腰椎滑脱症的病理特点与手术方法.方法 对18例重度腰椎滑脱症患者采用后路减压复位,椎弓根钉系统内固定加椎间植骨融合治疗,观察患者症状改善情况,滑脱矫正及植骨融合情况.结果 经8～36个月随访,腰腿痛症状完全消失13例;滑脱椎体完全复位15例,大部分复位3例;达到完全骨性融合10例,无断钉断棒与拔钉等并发症...     

360°植骨融合钉棒固定治疗腰椎滑脱症

目的探讨360°植骨融合加单枚Cage及四钉两棒固定手术治疗腰椎滑脱症的临床疗效。方法采用后路椎弓根提拉螺钉复位滑脱椎体,单节段椎板减压,摘除椎间盘、刮除椎体终板,撑开恢复椎间高度,将碎骨粒加压夯实置入椎间隙内并放置单枚插入型Cage,双侧横突间植骨方法治疗39例腰椎滑脱症患者。结果术后3～24个月随访,平均15个月。手术完全复位33例,不完全复位3例,4例原位融合,椎间高度未丢失,Cage无松动、钉棒无断钉,平均出血量410mL。结论 360°植骨融合加单枚Cage及钉棒固定手术治疗腰椎滑脱症,复位效果满意,出血量少,经济,并发症少。     

"Free" and "exchangeable" or "trapped" and "non-exchangeable" water in cartilage

We repeated some of our own previous experiments, as well as some of Torzilli's recent experiments (11) on which he bases his conclusions relating to a nonexchangeable "trapped water" in cartilage. We are unable to confirm Torzilli's findings. We observed partition coefficients for 3H.HO very close to unity. That both the extrafibrillar and most of the intrafibrillar water is freely exchangeable and behaves as available water towards small solutes has been independently shown (3) for other collagenous tissues. All the different permutations of partition experiments have yielded results that are fully consistent with our original picture of the very major fraction of cartilage water being free.     

"A" for Agency, "B" for Basal cell, "C" for Corticotulle, "D" for Danger

Without any proof, a governmental agency has decreed that Corticotulle was not enough efficient to be reimbursed by National Health Security. Dealing with treatment of basal cell carcinoma, another governmental agency has published recommendations which even do not follow basic rules of logic. This paper points out that economical and political methods are not scientific or medical ones.     

"Gas off" or "vaporizer off"

Editor—It is a common misconception that turning off thevaporizer while leaving the fresh gas flow (FGF) on, during     

"Custom-fit" versus "off-the-shelf" ACL functional braces

Many sports medicine practitioners believe "custom-fit" functional braces are superior in performance to "off-the-shelf" braces for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-deficient knees. However, this is not well substantiated. This study compares a Donjoy custom-fit ACL brace (CE 2000), Donjoy off-the-shelf brace (Goldpoint), and an athletic taping technique to determine their role in our clinical practice. Five patients (3 men and 2 women) with isolated, unilateral, chronic ACL tears with an average age of 27 years (range: 19-35 years) were used to evaluate these three restraint systems. Anterior tibial laxity, quadriceps and hamstrings strength, endurance, standing long jump, brace migration with exercise, and pattern of muscle response to forced anterior tibial displacement were studied. Each patient was tested without a brace and then in each of the three test conditions (custom brace, off-the-shelf brace, and tape), with the order of testing randomized. The Donjoy custom-fit ACL functional brace did not reduce anterior laxity or improve standing long jump, muscle strength, endurance, or muscle response times significantly more than the off-the-shelf ACL brace. Both braces improved anterior stability over knee taping when the knee muscles were contracted under the low forces used in this study. After 1 hour of exercise, brace migration was significantly greater (P=.03) for the CE-2000 custom brace (18.6 mm) than for the Goldpoint off-the-shelf brace (4.5 mm). There appears to be no advantage to the more expensive custom-fit knee brace over the off-the-shelf brace.