Lactate and succinate dehydrogenase activity in blood lymphocytes of aggressive and submissive male mice

The influence of social status on some immunological characteristics in experimental animals was studied (sensory contact model). Lactate dehydrogenase activity in blood lymphocytes changed similarly in aggressive and submissive mice probably due to social stress. The activity of succinate dehydrogenase changed differently and correlated with the type of social behavior. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 129, No. 1, pp. 53–55, January 2000     

Altered activity of respiratory chain enzymes in mitochondria of peripheral blood lymphocytes after irradiation in rats

The effect of ionizing radiation on the activity of succinate dehydrogenase (complex II) and succinate-cytochrome C-oxidoreductase in peripheral blood lymphocytes is studied on rats exposed to whole-body γ-irradiation in doses of 9.5–10.5 Gy. On day 5 after irradiation, when the number of lymphocytes is sharply reduced, enzyme activity in the remaining population is found to be reliably increased. These changes are not related to biological cycles. It is assumed that most of the survivors after high-dose irradiation are the cell populations maintaining a high level of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Giologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N ^o . 8, pp. 158–159, August, 1995 Presented by D. S. Sarkisov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Metabolic types of regulation of lactate dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase activity in the liver of intact animals

A possible relationship between metabolic types of regulation of liver oxidative enzymes (lactate dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase) and the blood level of cortisol and insulin in intact animals is explored. The liver enzyme activity is found to depend on the initial physiological state of the organism. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 4, pp. 421–422, April, 1995 Presented by Yu. A. Romanov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Effect of chorionic gonadotropin on lactate dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase activity in the pathologically altered liver

Chorionic gonadotropin is shown to alter lactate dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase activity in the pathologically altered liver and to exert a regulatory effect on the catalytic properties of these enzymes. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 6, pp. 590–591, June, 1994 Presented by Yu. A. Romanov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Functional activity of spleen and peripheral blood lymphocytes in stress-induced immunodepression

Study of lymphoid organs and T and B cells in white rats shows that long-term stress causes progressive suppression of the immune response. Blockade of steroid hormone synthesis in the adrenal cortex prevents the development of immunodepression, implying a protective effect of such a blockade against stress-related secondary immunodeficiency. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 7, pp. 64–68, July, 1996     

Effect of atp and cocarboxylase on activity of malate dehydrogenase and its isozymes in blood serum and myocardium

Changes in the activity of malate dehydrogenase (MD) and its isozymes in the blood serum and heart muscle of rats were investigated during hypoxia and under the influence of ATP and cocarboxylase. An additional cathodic isozyme (MD₄) appeared in the blood serum during hypoxia. Under the influence of ATP and cocarboxylase the metabolic changes in the blood and myocardium induced by hypoxia did not correlate fully.Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. A. Vishnevskii.Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 80, No. 8, pp. 48–50, August, 1975.     

Androstenedione conversion in human peripheral blood lymphocytes

The ability of human peripheral blood lymphocytes to convert the androgenic steroid metabolite androstenedione diminishes in women over 45 years old or during menopause. In patients with breast cancer in menopause the ability of lymphocytes to convert androstenedione is enhanced compared with the control. The intensity of conversion in circulating lymphocytes correlates with the blood concentration of sex steroids. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 5, pp. 517–519, May, 1994 Presented by A. N. Klimov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Immunomodulating effects of α1-acid glycoprotein (Orosomucoid) in a culture of human peripheral blood lymphocytesglycoprotein (Orosomucoid) in a culture of human peripheral blood lymphocytes

The mechanisms of the antiproliferative effect of α₁-acid glycoprotein (AGP) isolated from the blood of healthy donors (nAGP) and from the ascitic fluid of patients with stomach cancer (aAGP) are studied. Three fractions of AGP are divided into 3 groups according to their ability to bind to concanavalin A (ConA): AGP not binding to ConA (AGP-1) and AGP weakly (AGP-2) and strongly (AGP-3) binding to ConA. It is shown that native preparation of aAGP has a more potent inhibitory effect on lymphocyte proliferation than native preparation of nAGP. The most potent inhibitory effect is exerted by AGP-3. Native preparation of aAGP does not affect the secretion of interleukin-2 (IL-2) by lymphocytes, whereas AGP-1 inhibits this process. The weakly bound fraction has a stimulatory effect both on the proliferative response and on IL-2 secretion. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 7, pp. 71–73, July, 1994     

Expression of CD95 on peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with autoimmune diseases and neoplasms

CD95 expression on peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with neoplasms was higher than in patients with autoimmune disorders. Apoptosis of T cells increased during tumor growth. The data suggest that neoplasms are accompanied by more severe immune dysfunction than autoimmune disorders. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 130, No. 9, pp. 324–326, September, 2000     

Expression of CD95 on peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with autoimmune diseases and neoplasms

CD95 expression on peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with neoplasms was higher than in patients with autoimmune disorders. Apoptosis of T cells increased during tumor growth. The data suggest that neoplasms are accompanied by more severe immune dysfunction than autoimmune disorders. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 130, No. 9, pp. 324–326, September, 2000     

Circadian variations in the metabolic reaction of human blood lymphocytes to hormonal stimuli in health and immunodeficiency

Circadian variations in the sensitivity of blood lymphocyte succinate dehydrogenase to thymalin and hydrocortisone are shown. The maximal sensitivity to thymalin is observed in the morning, and to hydrocortisone in the evening. The range of fluctuations in this parameter is wider in patients with immunodeficiency than in donors. Moreover, the direction of the lymphocyte metabolic reaction to the studied agents was found to be disturbed in the patients. The findings may be useful for designing chronotherapeutic schemes with the use of hormonal immunomodulating agents. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 2, pp. 181–183, February, 1995     

Reproduction of the primary rhythms of excitation in cardiac activity of neonatal rat pups

It is shown that during activation of the central N-cholinergic systems, the cardiac pacemaker elements in neonatal rat pups are capable of switching between discontinuous rhythmic activity and the generation of periodic excitation, when complexes of cardiac contractions at a rate of 60 min⁻¹ alternate with 5–15-sec intervals of rest. This type of activity is close to the primary rhythms of excitation, which are characteristic of the activity of excitatory structures during the early phylo- and ontogenetic stages of development. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 4, pp. 422–424, April, 1994     

Changes in 3β-OH-steroid dehydrogenase activity in the adrenals of rat fetuses decapitatedin utero

Activity of 3-OH-steroid dehydrogenase in the adrenal cortex of 21-day rat fetuses in the control and 3 days after decapitationin utero was estimated quantitatively by microspectrophotometry. Activity of the enzyme, calculated per conventional cell in the zona fasciculata was considerably higher than in the developing zona glomerulosa. After hypophysectomy the 3-OH-steroid dehydrogenase activity was reduced in both zones of the adrenal.Laboratory of Hormonal Regulation and Laboratory of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. P. Avtsyn.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 82, No. 11, pp. 1317–1320, November, 1976.     

Cytotoxic activity of peripheral blood platelets and mononuclears in cancer patients and healthy donors

The cytotoxic activity of peripheral blood platelets and mononuclears from 82 patients with cancer, 9 with diseases other than cancer, and 18 healthy donors towards a continuous cell line of pulmonary adenocarcinoma was studied. There were no appreciable differences in the killer activity of platelets in cancer patients (32±3.5%), patients with diseases other than cancer (33±8.1%), and healthy donors (30±6.7%). In contrast to platelets, mononuclears of cancer patients possessed a higher cytotoxicity than mononuclears of healthy donors. The cytotoxicity of platelets of cancer patients was found to reliably drop in cases with disseminated metastases and after polychemo-and radiotherapy. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, N ^o 2, pp. 192–195, February, 1996 Presented by N. N. Trapeznikov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Effect of delta sleep-inducing peptide on catalytic properties of mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase from rat brain

Delta sleep-inducing peptide is shown to alter properties of malate dehydrogenase in brain mitochondria. The regulatory activity of the peptide is manifested in stabilization of catalytic properties of the enzyme at a higher level, which prevents their change during hypoxic stress. Regulation of malate dehydrogenase is presumed to occur through direct action of the peptide on mitochondrial membranes. Translated fromByulleten Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, No. 2, pp. 141–143, February, 1995 Presented by I. P. Ashmarin, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Increased interleukin-2 production by human peripheral blood lymphocytes treated with low doses of dexamethasone

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 116, N ^o 7, pp. 68–70, July, 1993.     

Effect of autologous sera on mitogenic stimulation of peripheral blood lymphocytes of mini-pigs chronically intoxicated with alcohol

There are no statistically significant differences in the stimulation index for purified lymphocytes of control mini-pigs and mini-pigs with chronic alcohol intoxication. Autologous sera of control and experimental animals strongly suppress mitogen-induced blast transformation of lymphocytes without death of these cells. There are no statistically significant intergroup differences in the absolute number (per mm³) of T lymphocytes in peripheral blood. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 7, pp. 89–91, July, 1994 Presented by N. K. Permyakov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Bursa-dependent subpopulations of peripheral B lymphocytes in chicken blood

By selective labeling of juvenile chicken bursal cells with colloidal fluorescein isothiocyanate in situ, the emigration rate of bursal lymphocytes to the periphery was estimated at approximately 0.84% and 0.96% of the peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) and splenic B cell pool per hour, respectively. Emigrant bursal cells were found primarily in blood and spleen, with very small numbers migrating to thymus, bone marrow, and gut-associated lymphoid tissues. Emigrant bursal cells expressed high levels of both major histocompatibility complex class II antigen and the Ov alloantigen, a phenotype found on a population comprising approximately 4% of bursal cells from which the bursal emigrants may be derived. Surgical bursectomy at 3 weeks of age revealed that peripheral blood B cells could be divided into three distinct populations. Specifically, 60% of the peripheral blood B cells were short lived with a half-life of about 30 h in the blood. These cells accounted for the great majority of emigrants from the bursa to the peripheral blood. Approximately 35 % of PBL B cells had a half-life of 12 days following bursectomy and comprised cells which did not divide in the periphery. Consequently, we propose that physiological differences between this population and the majority of bursal emigrants are established intrabursally. The remaining PBL B cells, whose relative proportion increases with age from about 5 % of PBL B cells at 2-3 weeks of age, are short lived and are being continually produced from (a) post-bursal site(s) of B cell production.     

Cholesterol level in peripheral blood lymphocytes: Relationship with ischemic heart disease in patients with various forms of hyperlipidemia

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol.116, N ^o 11, pp. 476–479, November 1993     

Characteristics of the skin lactate dehydrogenase isozyme spectrum after thermal injuries

Activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LD) and its isozymes in the injured zone and in adjacent areas of the skin was investigated at various times after infliction of burns in rats. On the 1st–8th day after burning total LD activity was reduced in the zone of the scab and in the underlying tissues by 70–80% and in the border and intact skin by 50%. These changes were accompanied by changes in the LD isozyme spectrum in the injured tissue: On the 1st day the activity of fraction 5 was sharply increased and activity of fractions 2 and 3 reduced; by the 8th day, on the other hand, some decrease in activity of fraction 5 and an increase in activity of fractions 2 and 3 were observed. By the 14th–22nd day after burning total LD activity remained low, the LD isozyme spectrum in the border and scab was largely restored to normal, whereas in the underlying tissue changes in the relative proportions of LD isozymes were still present (a decrease in activity of fractions 1–3 and an increase in activity of fraction 5).Laboratory of Biochemistry, A. V. Vishnevskii Institute of Surgery, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR M. I. Kuzin.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 84, No. 9, pp. 294–297, September, 1977.