高原新兵集训期训练伤调查分析

目的　了解高原地区集训期新兵训练伤的发生情况 ,研究集训期新兵训练伤的防治措施。方法　连续 3年对驻西藏海拔 30 0 0～ 330 0m地区新兵集训期间军事训练损伤情况进行调查 ,对训练伤的发生、分布、损伤发生率、损伤部位、损伤类型、致伤科目、致伤因素等结合高原地区特点进行分析。结果　集训期新兵训练伤发生率较高 ,受伤部位以四肢为主 ,软组织损伤最多。结论　科学训练、合理安排、提高新兵个人素质、改善训练场地设施 ,是减少训练伤发生的关键措施     

新兵下肢训练伤现状调查及影响因素分析

目的 调查分析新兵下肢训练伤的发生现状并探讨相关的影响因素。方法 采用整群抽样法抽取1 400名于北京地区参与2021年度秋季新训的新兵为研究对象。通过问卷调查对新兵的个人情况及发生训练伤情况进行统计。分析新兵下肢训练伤发生的特点,并采用多因素Logistic回归分析法分析训练伤发生的独立危险因素。结果 回收问卷1 376份,军事训练伤发生率为22.17%(305/1 376)。共有247名新兵至少出现1次下肢训练伤,总计下肢训练伤发生329人次。下肢训练伤发生部位以膝关节、踝关节为主,分别占26%(85/329)、25%(84/329);受伤性质以过劳性损伤为主,占58%(192/329);损伤类型以骨与关节损伤为主,占57%(188/329);首次下肢训练伤致伤科目以三公里训练为主,占42%(104/247)。下肢训练伤发生时间上呈双高峰模式,第3～6周、第11周为高发期。Logistic回归分析发现,兵源地为城镇、饮酒是下肢训练伤的独立危险因素因素(P<0.05);热爱体育运动、仰卧起坐成绩优良、参加过役前训练、对训练伤有所了解是下肢训练伤的保护因素(P<0.05)。...     

新兵训练损伤的心理及相关因素分析

目的：探讨心理及相关因素对新兵训练伤发生率的影响。方法：选取某部男性新兵1610例,按照相关标准对其体质、体能进行测量和评价,并随访1年,对发生训练伤者进行分析。结果：共发生训练伤494例,发生率30．7％。训练损伤的危险因素包括入伍前体育活动少、下肢损伤史、个人对训练感到恐惧、应激性生活事件、对训练产生反感等,其中心理因素在影响新兵训练伤诸因素中占显著地位。结论：应注意加强新兵心理教育和心理疏导,以减少训练伤的发生。     

对驻陕某部新兵体能训练伤的分析及防治策略探讨

目的分析部队新兵体能训练伤的原因和特点。方法通过查阅部队卫生医疗就诊记录和对伤者发放调查问卷两种方式寻找致伤因素。结果在新兵基础体能训练阶段，下肢损伤较为常见，主要表现为踝、膝、髋、腰等部位的肌肉和韧带的损伤。结论部队新兵基础体能训练阶段的训练伤的发生主要和战士的身体素质、训练强度、训练内容、训练时间、训练前的准备活动和训练场地等因素有关，注意这些因素在训练伤发生中的意义可以有效地减少新兵体能训练伤的发生。     

78例新兵训练伤原因探讨

目的 研究探讨新兵训练伤的原因。方法 对致伤因素、受伤类型、心理状况和伤情特点进行分析。结果四肢伤发生率高达80.3％,骨折发生率较高,近40％,高强度,高力度、高难度训练致伤率高。50％病例参训时心理压力较大。结论 新兵训练伤主观上与环境变迁、角色适应、训练强度密切相关,客观上与训练设施有一定关系。     

某部1998年新兵训练伤情况调查分析

随着部队军事训练强度的加大和新设科目的增多,部队训练伤已成为影响部队健康的重要因素。为查明陆军部队新兵训练伤发生状况和致伤因素,做好军事训练的卫生保障工作,我们对某部1998年新兵集训期间训练伤情况进行了调查。1　对象和方法1.1　对象　参加全训新兵4950人,均为男性;年龄16～21岁,平均19.1岁。训练内容为400m障碍、队列、单双杠、5km越野、投弹、爆破等。1.2　方法　按团级编制进行整群抽样,由参训新兵回顾性填表和查阅营卫生所、团卫生队等医疗单位门诊日志的方法,进行统一登记分析。调查内容为训练伤的分布和致伤因素。2　结　…     

武警部队某部军事训练伤调查

目的 调查分析武警某部军事训练伤的发生情况、性质、特点及原因,为减少新兵军事训练伤的发生提出科学建议和合理依据.方法 以武警部队某中队为训练伤的研究基地,采用问卷调查法、数理统计法系统调研了该中队2014-12至2015-08新兵军事训练伤的损伤特征及原因,提出积极有效的预防措施.结果 该中队战士急性训练损伤为88.33％,慢性损伤为11.67％;其中轻伤多见,占56.67％;腰部损伤为25.49％,居损伤部位第一位;损伤类型则以软组织损伤最常见,为86.20％;技术因素是导致训练伤发生的主要原因.结论 军事训练伤发生率高,应积极做好有针对性的预防,可以大幅降低军事训练伤的发病率.     

某部国防生军事训练伤发生情况调查

目的：调查分析某部国防生军事训练伤的发生与分布情况。方法：随机抽取某部2008年度国防生425例与新兵489例,均以相关训练与考核大纲入伍训练阶段的课目内容及标准为依据施训,按照《军事训练伤诊断标准及防治原则》的规定,对采集的训练伤数据进行分析。结果：国防生训练伤总发生率18．1％;新兵训练伤总发生率14．1％。两组比较,差异显著（P〈0．05）。国防生骨关节损伤、软组织损伤及器官损伤的构成比为19．5％、72．7％和7．8％;新兵为45．8％、48．3％和5．9％。两组比较,差异显著（P〈0．05）。结论：国防生训练伤发生率较新兵高,应加强训练伤防治知识的普及教育。     

2002年度860名新兵训练伤调查

目的　了解部队新训练大纲实施后新兵训练伤的发生情况 ,为预防提供参考。方法　对 2 0 0 2年度 860名新兵的训练伤发生情况进行调查 ,并根据调查结果提出相应的预防措施。结果　 2 0 0 2年度新兵训练伤发生率为 1 4.7% ;骨关节损伤发生率最高 ;致伤的主要原因是无序的体能训练 ;农村兵和城市兵的训练伤发生率无差异。结论　新训练大纲的实施减少了训练伤的发生 ,但在部队训练时 ,对其切实理解还存在不足 ,这就要求在预防训练伤时 ,应从多方入手 ,从具体出发 ,只有弄清具体原因 ,有针对性地采取相应的措施 ,逐项落实 ,才能有效地减少各种训练伤的发生     

新兵队列训练期间训练伤情况调查分析

目的：探讨新兵队列训练期间训练伤的发生情况。方法在队列训练结束后对所有新兵进行巡诊,采取到班逐一询问方式进行,主要依据新兵的自我感觉、体格检查和门诊病例,必要时行X线检查。结果参训新兵255名在队列训练期间共发生各类训练伤67例,发生率26.3%,其中足踝部肿痛48例,占训练伤构成比的71.6%。结论新兵队列训练期间训练伤的发生率,尤其是足踝部肿痛的发生率高,应引起组织新兵入伍训练人员的高度重视。     

武警某部2020年度新兵训练伤流行病学调查与分析

目的 探讨武警某部新兵军事训练伤的特点,为训练伤防控提供科学指导.方法 随机抽取武警某部2020年6个新训点4150名新兵,进行军事训练伤的发生情况问卷调查,并分析新训阶段训练伤的发生率、伤病类别等.另非随机性地选择了680名新兵进行了骨密度测定(中指骨),其中已发生训练伤340例,未发生训练伤340例.本次调查均获得...     

新兵入伍训练阶段军事训练伤的流行病学特点

为调查分析步兵按照新的陆军军事训练与考核大纲进行训练过程中军训伤发生的流行病学特点，明确其致伤原因，选取陆军及武装警察部队（仍采用旧大纲）某部参加2002年度入伍训练的3428名新兵，统一进行流行病学调查。结果发现，陆军和武装警察部队军训伤发生率分别为27．21％和33．72％，陆军显著低高于武装警察部队（P＜0．01），两组军训伤发生的时间高峰相近；训练伤以下肢为多；急性创伤性损伤与过劳性损伤的发生与受训部位明显相关。说明采用新的《军事训练与考核大纲》后，新兵入伍训练阶段军训伤的发生率明显下降。     

武警新兵集训期疾病谱的调查分析

目的　了解新兵集训时发病规律。方法　采用普查的方式对新兵进行体检 ,同时与老兵加以对比。结果　新兵在集训期外伤发病率较高 ,另外一些内科疾病如癔病 ,神经衰弱等心理性疾患发病率高于老兵 ,皮肤病发病率也较高 ,而重大伤亡与老兵无差异 ,胃炎发病率低于老兵。结论　需进一步加强安全卫生教育 ,减少训练时意外 ,注重心理辅导及伤病后及时医治。     

Effect of static stretching on prevention of injuries for military recruits

This prospective study was designed to evaluate whether static stretching can prevent training-related injuries in Japan Ground Self-Defense Force military recruits. A total of 901 recruits between 1996 and 1998 were divided into two groups. Of which, 518 recruits were assigned to the stretching group and practiced static stretching before and after each physical training session. The control subjects (383 recruits in the nonstretching group) did not stretch statically prior to exercise. The static stretching consisted of 18 exercises. We collected injury data from medical records and assessed the incidence and the location of injury. The total injury rate was almost the same between two groups; however, the incidences of muscle/tendon injury and low back pain were significantly lower in the stretching group (p < 0.05). Static stretching decreased the incidence of muscle-related injuries but did not prevent bone or joint injuries.     

Investigation of the operational effectiveness of Hunter Company, Commando Training Centre, Royal Marines

The aim of the study was to investigate the operational effectiveness of Hunter Company, Commando Training Centre Royal Marines (RM) in rehabilitating injured RM recruits, through the collection of demographic, medical, and performance data for 1 year's intake of RM recruits (N=1115). Flow models for progression through mainstream training and through Hunter Company were developed. The data were analyzed to determine the week of training in which different injuries occurred and the duration and outcome of rehabilitation. Sixty prcent of ex-Hunter Company recruits were successfully returned to mainstream training and graduated successfully. Given that the median number of weeks in training before injury was 24 and the median time taken to recover from an injury was 14 weeks, it is more effective to rehabilitate a recruit in Hunter Company than to discharge him and replace him with a new recruit.     

心理素质训练对新兵心理健康状况的影响

目的 探讨心理素质训练对新兵心理健康状况的影响.方法 200名新兵随机分为两组:干预组(n＝100)在新兵集训期内全程参加心理素质训练,对照组(n＝100)在新兵集训期内未参加心理素质训练.采用SCL-90及应对方式量表对两组新兵在集训前后进行团体测量,并在集训结束后1个月时对干预组新兵心理素质训练效果进行主观评价.结果 干预组在集训后除恐怖和精神病性无显著降低外,其他各SCL-90因子分均显著下降;对照组在集训前后除躯体化外各SCL-90因子分均无显著差异.两组比较除躯体化、恐怖及精神病性外,其他各因子集训前后差值干预组均显著大于对照组(P＜0.05).干预组集训前后应对方式中退避和合理化无显著改变,但更多地运用解决问题、求助等应对方式,自责、幻想则显著减少;对照组集训前后应对方式无显著变化.两组比较,除退避和合理化外各应对方式差值干预组均显著大于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 心理素质训练有助于改善新兵心理健康状况和应对方式,可降低军事心理应激水平.     

Prevention of pelvic stress fractures in female army recruits.

In 1991-1992, a pelvic stress fracture incidence of 11.2% was recorded in a cohort of 143 female Australian Army recruits. An incidence of 0.1% was recorded in a cohort of male recruits trained in the 1992-1993 year using a nearly identical program. A number of preventive strategies were instituted in an attempt to reduce the high incidence of injury in female recruits. Route march speed was reduced from 7.5 to 5 km/h, running occurred on softer surfaces, individual step length was promoted instead of marching in step, march and run formations were more widely spaced, and interval-running training replaced traditional middle-distance runs. Pelvic stress fracture incidence decreased significantly to 0.6% in an immediately subsequent cohort of 161 female recruits (chi 2 = 15.12 for 1 df; p < 0.001). It is likely that the preventive strategies reduced bone strain by reducing the frequency and forces of impact during the training period.     

Comparison of stress fractures of male and female recruits during basic training in the Israeli anti-aircraft forces

BACKGROUND: In military basic training, stress fractures are a common orthopedic problem. Female recruits have a significantly higher incidence of stress fractures than do male recruits. Because the Israeli Defense Forces opened traditionally male roles in combat units to female recruits, their high risk for stress fractures is of concern. OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of stress fractures during Israeli Defense Forces anti-aircraft basic training among otherwise healthy young male and female recruits, in terms of anatomic distribution and severity. DESIGN: Ten mixed gender batteries, including 375 male recruits and 138 female recruits, carried out basic training in the Israeli anti-aircraft corps between November 1999 and January 2003. Each battery was monitored prospectively for 10 weeks of a basic training course. During that time, recruits who were suspected of having an overuse injury went through a protocol that included an orthopedic specialist physical examination followed by a radionuclide technetium bone scan, which was assessed by consultant nuclear medicine experts. The assessment included the anatomic site and the severity of the fractures, labeled as either high severity or low severity. RESULTS: Stress fractures were significantly more common among female recruits than among male recruits. A total of 42 male (11.2%) and 33 female (23.91%) recruits had positive bone scans for stress fractures (female:male relative ratio, 2.13; p < 0.001). Pelvic, femur, and tibia fractures were significantly more common among female recruits than among male recruits (p < 0.005). Female recruits had significantly more severe fractures in the tibia (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the severity of stress fractures in the femur or metatarsals between male and female recruits, as assessed by radionuclide uptake. CONCLUSIONS: We recommend that different training programs be assigned according to gender, in which female recruits would have a lower level of target strain or a more moderate incline of strain in the training program throughout basic training.     

The incidence and occupational outcome of overuse anterior knee pain during army recruit training

OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence and occupational outcome of overuse anterior knee pain (AKP) in Army recruits undergoing basic training. METHODS: A prospective cohort study of 1008 Army recruits. Recruits underwent the 12-week phase 1 training program. Cases of AKP were captured through self-presentation of pain at a primary care medical centre. All recruits medical records were reviewed on leaving training and any other lower limb injuries were recorded for comparison with the AKP group. Training outcomes in terms of medical discharges (MD) and discharges as of right (DAOR) i.e, voluntary discharge, were recorded along with training days lost (TDL) and whether a recruit had been held back in training (BS). RESULTS: 8.75% (95% CI: 6.93-10.57) of recruits reported to the medical centre with AKP. Of these more than half were referred to see a GP and the majority were from patients with no previous history of AKP (91%, 95% CI: 85.2-97.5). The median TDL per AKP case was 3 days (IQR: 3-5 days). The AKP group had a significantly higher (p < 0.01) MD rate (12.5%) than the lower limb injury group (3.3%; 95% CI diff: 1.1-17.2%) and the baseline rate of all other recruits (2.5%; 95% CI diff: 2.3-17.7%). The majority of AKP cases occurred by week 4 (median) of training (IQR: 2.2-64). CONCLUSIONS: There was a high incidence of AKP, and while the short term prognosis appears relatively good in the majority of cases as reflected in the median TDL, a large minority were medically discharged and held back in training. Further work should examine methods of reducing the disease burden of AKP in the Army, addressing areas such as aetiology, prevention and treatment.     

武警某寒区部队军事训练伤情况调查

 目的 对武警驻寒冷地区基层部队执勤战士的训练伤情况进行调查,结合其执勤任务特点为下一步提出合理化预防措施提供理论指导。方法 采用问卷调查法与查阅相关病例资料相结合的方法观察2017年入伍战士服役期间训练伤分布情况并进行描述。结果 武警某寒区部队战士新训期间、服役1年及服役2年时训练伤发生率差异无统计学意义(χ²=4.52,P=0.10)。新训期间的训练伤类型87.3%为急性损伤,损伤部位以下肢为主;服役1年与服役2年战斗班战士的训练伤类型以慢性损伤为主,分别为55.9%和64.3%,损伤部位第一位为腰部,其次为膝部。2年内不同班别训练伤的发生率,战斗班远高于后勤班(χ²=8.12,P=0.04)、(χ²=14.40,P=0.00)。训练伤程度总了解率为14.2%,其中患有训练伤战士对训练伤了解率高于未患有训练伤的战士,差异有统计学意义 (χ²=347.09,P=0.00)。服役1年或服役2年时,训练伤发生时间均集中在冬季,主要原因与对训练伤相关知识掌握不充分相关。结论 战士们在服役期间会出现不同心理状态及不同类型训练伤,积极做好卫生宣讲和疏导工作并及时调整训练内容或训练强度,在一定程度上能够降低训练伤的发生率。