PVP与PKP治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的疗效对比

<正>骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折(OVCF)是由于骨质疏松引发的最常见并发症,严重危害老年人群身心健康和生活质量,给患者家庭和社会带来沉重负担,已成为全球关注的影响老年健康的社会问题〔1,2〕。OVCF传统手术治疗方式由于创伤大、出血多、植入装置易松动,给患者带来巨大痛苦和并发症,随着微创技术的发展,经皮椎体成形术(PVP)和经皮椎体椎体后凸成形术(PKP)两种微创手术方式凭借创伤小、出血少、痛苦小、操作简单、疗效较     

PKP和PVP治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折效果比较

目的比较经皮椎体后凸成形术（PKP）和经皮椎体成形术（PVP）治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的临床疗效及安全性。方法将46例骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者随机分为观察组和对照组各23例,分别行PKP、PVP,术后1周分别记录两组VAS评分、Cobb角、椎体高度变化及并发症发生情况。结果两组术后VAS评分、Cobb角均显著减小,而椎体高度明显增加,尤以观察组为著（P〈0．05）;两组术后均无神经系统损伤表现,观察组和对照组分别有1例1个椎体、5例7个椎体出现少量骨水泥渗漏,两组发生率比较P〈0．05。结论PKP和PVP治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折均可显著缓解疼痛,但前者恢复椎体高度效果更好、骨水泥渗漏发生率更低。     

PVP和PKP治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的临床疗效比较

目的探讨椎体成形术(PVP)和椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的临床疗效。方法采用PVP和PKP治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者72例,其中PVP组40例,PKP组32例。比较两组手术时间、骨水泥注入量、骨水泥渗漏率、椎体恢复高度、住院天数、手术前后视觉模拟评分(VAS)。结果两组手术时间、椎体恢复高度、骨水泥渗漏、骨水泥注入量比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组住院天数、手术前后VAS比较差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 PVP和PKP对于老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折均具有快速、有效缓解疼痛的作用。PVP操作简便,手术时间短,但渗漏率高,无法恢复椎体高度。PKP有利于恢复椎体高度,减少渗漏,但操作复杂,手术时间长,过度恢复椎体高度可增加椎体再骨折的风险。     

PVP、PKP 治疗胸腰椎骨质疏松性压缩骨折的疗效评价标准研究进展

经皮椎体成形术（ PVP ）和经皮椎体后凸成形术（ PKP）是脊柱外科的新型微创技术。经皮穿刺微创手术能迅速稳定骨折,缓解疼痛,缩短住院时间,促使患者早期下床活动,同时具有创伤小,手术时间短,操作简单微创,术后恢复快等特点,已成为治疗椎体压缩骨折的首选手段［1］。 PVP与PKP技术在数十年的发展过程中,产生了很多具有指导意义且贴近实际疗效的评价标准,本文现就各种评价标准进行综述,对比分析各自的特点,说明其优势及局限性,并提出对未来发展的一些展望,以进一步加强对临床应用的指导,增加手术成功率。     

两种术式治疗中老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的疗效对比

目的:比较并探讨经皮椎体成形术(PVP)和经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗中老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折(OVCF)的疗效.方法:总结201 1年2月～2014年1月42例采用PVP和PKP治疗中老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者资料,其中23例行PVP治疗,19例行PKP治疗.PVP组:男10例,女13例;PKP组:男8例,女11例.统计两组手术前后Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)、疼痛视觉模拟(VAS)评分、椎体前缘高度及Cobb's角变化.结果:所有患者均获得随访,随访时间6～18个月,平均12.6个月.术后患者局部疼痛症状缓解,椎体高度恢复良好,未发生神经损伤症状,2例患者出现骨水泥渗漏.两组手术时间有统计学意义(P＞0.05),PKP组手术时间较PVP组长.两组手术前后ODI和VAS评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).PKP组术前、术后及末次随访的椎体高度恢复、Cobb's角与PVP组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).PVP组术后6个月与末次随访的椎体前缘高度及Cobb's角比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:两组手术均能有效改善患者局部疼痛症状,PKP术相对于PVP术能更有效地矫正畸形、维持伤椎高度及恢复脊柱稳定.     

PKP 治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折临床观察

目的观察经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术（PKP）治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的疗效。方法采用PKP治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者12例,观察手术前后疼痛情况、活动能力及并发症。结果手术前后患者VAS评分分别为（7．2±0．5）、（2．2±0．4）分,活动能力评分分别为（2．8±0．6）、（1．2±0．4）分,两者比较P均〈0．05。复查x线及CT片,均显示压缩骨折高度不同程度恢复,仅1例出现椎间盘的少量骨水泥渗漏。结论PKP治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折创伤小,可有效缓解患者疼痛,改善活动能力,提高生活质量。     

经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗高龄骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折

经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)是治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折(OVCF)的理想术式,具有微创,迅速缓解疼痛,改善后凸畸形及骨水泥渗漏率低等优点〔1〕。本文回顾分析PKP治疗高龄(>80岁)OVCF患者的临床疗效。1资料与方法1.1对象2007年8月至2009年2月我科收治的高龄OVCF患者57例,其中男13例,女44例;年龄80~92〔平均(83.7±     

椎体成形术和椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折疗效对比

<正>骨质疏松导致老年人骨组织的力学强度下降,在遭受轻微外力或者甚至无明显外伤的情况下,就可能发生椎体压缩骨折。此类骨折的治疗,切开手术往往因老年人全身情况差、基础疾病多、骨质疏松内固定易失效而受到限制,只能采用传统的保守治疗方法,如严格卧床休息防止椎体塌陷、口服止痛药物、腰围保护等,但是卧床休息导致失用性骨质疏松,加速骨质脱钙,形成恶性循环。作为微创技术,椎体成形术(VP)和后凸成形术(PKP)可起到迅速止痛和稳定脊柱力学结构的作用,打     

椎体成形术与椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的疗效比较

目的比较椎体成形术与椎体后凸成形术治疗有症状的骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的疗效。方法 48例年龄65岁、因脊柱压缩性骨折的患者分别行经皮椎体成形术(PVP)与椎体后凸成形术(PKP),统计术前VAS评分、手术时间、术中X线透视时间、平均每节椎体注入骨水泥量、骨水泥渗漏情况、术后第1天VAS评分、术后6个月VAS评分、术后6个月功能障碍指数(ODI)评分、住院总花费等指标。结果 48例患者的82节椎体均经双侧入路成功完成手术,PVP组为24例37节椎体,每节椎体骨水泥注射量平均为(2.82±0.41)mL;PKP组为24例45节椎体,每节椎体骨水泥注射量平均为(2.94±0.32)mL,2组患者骨水泥注射量差异无统计学意义(P=0.275)。2组术后疼痛症状均明显缓解,疼痛缓解程度差异无统计学意义(P=0.719);PVP组术中透视累计时间为(13.58±3.79)s,PKP组为(21.38±4.18)s,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。2组患者术后6个月的ODI评分差异无统计学意义(P=0.409)。结论 PVP与PKP均为微创手术,均可缩短脊柱压缩性骨折患者的卧床时间,在缓解疼痛和增加椎体稳定性方面疗效较好,疼痛缓解可维持至术后6个月以上。     

绝经后妇女骨质疏松性压缩骨折PVP、PKP治疗效果及优劣势比较

目的分析经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)与经皮椎体成形术(PVP)治疗绝经后妇女骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折(OVCF)的临床效果及其优劣势。方法选择绝经后女性OVCF患者42例,采用随机数字表法分为PKP组与PVP组,每组21例。分析两组患者在术前、术后2 w、术后6个月的椎体前后缘高度及脊柱后突Cobb角度、骨密度及生存质量情况。结果PKP组的骨水泥量、术中透视次数显著多于PVP组,手术时间显著长于PVP组,抗骨质疏松治疗时间显著短于PVP组(均P<0.05),而两组的手术切口长度比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术前,两组的椎体前后缘高度、椎体后突Cobb角度比较无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后,两组以上椎体参数均显著改善(P<0.05),且PKP组在术后2 w、术后6个月以上椎体参数改善效果显著优于PVP组(P<0.05)。术后6个月,PKP组股骨颈与下腰椎骨密度均明显大于PVP组(P<0.05)。术后6个月,两组各项生存质量指标评分均显著提高(P<0.05),且PKP组的以上指标评分均显著高于PVP组(P<0.05)。PKP组发生骨水泥渗漏1例(4.76%),明显低于PVP组4例(19.05%,P<0.05)。结论PKP术治疗绝经后妇女OVCF的临床效果优于PVP术,有助于椎体骨密度增加,快速恢复脊椎功能,改善患者的生活质量。     

经横突—椎弓根单侧穿刺椎体后凸成形术治疗腰椎骨质疏松性压缩骨折

目的探讨经横突—椎弓根单侧穿刺椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗腰椎骨质疏松性压缩骨折(LOVCF)的手术技巧及临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2009年1月～2011年3月经横突—椎弓根单侧穿刺PKP治疗32例LOVCF患者的临床资料。用疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS),骨折椎前缘、中部高度,Cobb’s角评价经横突—椎弓根单侧穿刺PKP的临床疗效。结果 32例患者手术顺利,伤椎内骨水泥分布均匀,术后伤口愈合良好,未出现神经根损伤、骨水泥椎管内渗漏等严重并发症。28例患者获得随访,随访时间12～36个月、平均29个月。与术前相比,术后VAS评分明显好转,后凸角度明显变小,椎体前缘、中部高度有明显恢复(P<0.05)。结论经横突—椎弓根单侧穿刺PKP是治疗LOVCF的一种有效方法。     

Percutaneous vertebroplasty in osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture with huge spinal epidural hematoma: A case report

Rationale:Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) accompanying huge spinal epidural hematoma (SEH) is fairly rare. The aim of this report is to investigate the management strategies and treatment outcomes of OVCF accompanying SEH.Patient concerns:An 89-year-old female patient was admitted to hospital because of severe back pain and numbness of both lower limbs after a slight fall. The magnetic resonance imaging examination of the patient showed a fresh compression fracture at L2 accompanying a large dorsal SEH which extended from the T12 to L3 and deformed the spinal cord.Diagnosis:The patient was diagnosed with OVCF accompanying SEH.Interventions:Given mild neurologic deficits, the hematoma was not treated, and the patient underwent percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) only.Outcomes:After the procedure, immediate pain relief was achieved and the numbness of both lower limbs disappeared 3 days later. Three months after the procedure, the follow-up magnetic resonance imaging revealed a complete resolution of the hematoma.Lessons:OVCF accompanying SEH is fairly rare, and the exact pathophysiological mechanisms are still not clear. In selected patients without or with only slight neurologic symptoms, it is reasonable to perform PVP alone in OVCF accompanying SEH. Moreover, intravertebral stability after PVP might have played a role in spontaneous resolution of SEH.     

Clinical efficacy of zoledronic acid combined with percutaneous kyphoplasty in the prevention and treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective:The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical efficacy of zoledronic acid (ZOL) in the treatment and prevention of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for elderly patients.Methods:The PubMed, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, VIP, and Embase were investigated through June 2020. All randomized controlled trials (RCT) involving ZOL injections for OVCF were enrolled. Outcome indicators included the bone mineral density (BMD), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), recompression vertebral fracture (RVF), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and bone metabolism (Procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide [PINP] and βcross-linked C-telopeptide of type I collagen [β-CTX]), bone cement leakage. Review Manager 5.3 was used to analyze these indicators.Results:In this study,

• (1)Eight studies had met the eligibility criteria, a total of 578 participants were involved (285 and 293 in the experimental (ZOL) group and control [no ZOL] group, respectively).
• (2)The BMD scores of patients with OVCF in the experimental group were significantly higher than that in the control group (P < .05).

The VAS scores were significantly different between the 2 groups at the 6, 12 months follow-up (P < .05). After PKP operation, ZOL injections reduced the rate of RVF (P < .05). In the comparison of ODI scores, the experimental group improved compared with the control group (P < .05). Respectively, the bone metabolism of patients with OVCF after ZOL was better than that of patients in control group (P < .05).Conclusion:Zoledronic acid had a significant effect on the treatment and prevention of OVCF in elderly osteoporotic patients after PKP. Due to the limited quality and data, more high-quality studies are needed to confirm the results of this meta-analysis.     

唑来膦酸与鲑鱼降钙素治疗PKP术后骨质疏松症的疗效比较

目的比较唑来膦酸与鲑鱼降钙素治疗经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)术后骨质疏松症的疗效。方法选择郑州大学第二附属医院102例骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者,随机分为唑来膦酸组(n=52)和鲑鱼降钙素组(n=50)。唑来膦酸组接受PKP手术和唑来膦酸治疗,鲑鱼降钙素组接受PKP手术和鲑鱼降钙素治疗。比较两组患者术前及术后椎体骨密度(BMD)T评分、视觉模拟疼痛量表(VAS)评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数问卷表(ODI)评分、椎体高度、相邻椎体再骨折的发生率及相关并发症。结果两组患者术后椎体BMD T评分均比术前增高,且在术后6、12、24个月唑来膦酸组高于鲑鱼降钙素组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者术后的VAS评分、ODI评分均比术前改善,且在治疗后1、3、6个月鲑鱼降钙素组优于唑来膦酸组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者术后的椎体高度均较术前有明显恢复,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗期间,两组之间相邻椎体再骨折的发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其他相关并发症差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论PKP术后的骨质疏松症患者应用唑来膦酸的抗骨质疏松治疗效果更好,鲑鱼降钙素的镇痛效果更好。     

经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的临床效果

【摘要】 目的  评估经皮椎体后凸成形术对骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折的临床疗效。 方法  将50例骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折患者随机分为试验组与对照组,试验组患者采取经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗,对照组患者采取常规经皮椎体成形术治疗,比较两组患者视觉模拟评分（VAS）、Oswestry评分以及4项影像学指标（后凸角以及伤椎前缘、中线、后缘高度）变化。 结果  两组患者术后VAS评分均显著下降（P<0.05）,但试验组下降幅度更大（P<0.05）;两组患者术后Oswestry评分均显著下降（P<0.05）,但试验组下降幅度较对照组更大（P<0.05）;试验组患者后凸角以及伤椎前缘、中线、后缘高度术后均显著改善（P<0.05）,而对照组手术前后差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。 结论  采用经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折疗效优于经皮椎体成形术,但经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗成本高于经皮椎体成形术。今后应根据患者实际情况选择术式。     

Minimally invasive pedicle screw fixation,including the fractured vertebra,combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty for treatment of acute thoracolumbar osteoporotic compression fracture in middle-age and elderly individuals: A prospective clinical study

To evaluate the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of minimally invasive pedicle screw (MIPS) fixation, including the fractured vertebra, combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) for the treatment of acute thoracolumbar osteoporotic compression fracture in middle-age and elderly individuals.Between January 2016 and August 2019, a total of 30 patients, with a mean age of 69.4 years (range, 58–75 years), who experienced thoracic or lumbar fracture without neurological deficits, underwent the MIPS procedure combined with PVP. Preoperative and postoperative pain were assessed using a visual analog scale and Oswestry Disability Index. Cobb angles and anterior column height were measured on lateral radiographs before surgery and at 3 days, 1, 3, and 6 months, and 1 and 2 years at final follow-up after surgery.All patients underwent surgery successfully, with a mean follow-up of 18.2 ± 5.7 months (range, 12–45 months). Mean preoperative visual analog scale score decreased from 7.3 ± 2.2 to 1.4 ± 0.3 at the final follow-up (P < .05). Mean preoperative Oswestry Disability Index decreased from 84.2 ± 10.3 to 18.8 ± 7.5 (P < .05) at the final follow-up. The Kyphosis angle of operative segment was improved from preoperative (21.38 ± 1.68)° to (4.01 ± 1.38)° 3 days postoperatively and (5.02 ± 1.09)° at final follow-up (P < .05). The anterior vertebral height was improved from preoperative (49.86 ± 6.50)% to (94.01 ± 1.79)% 3 days postoperatively and (91.80 ± 1.88)% at final follow-up (P < .05). No significant changes in vertebral body height restoration were observed during 2 years of follow-up after surgery. In addition, there were no instrumentation failures or complications in any of the patients.MIPS, including the fractured vertebra, combined with PVP, was a reliable and safe procedure, with satisfactory clinical and radiological results for the treatment of thoracolumbar osteoporotic compression fracture in patients without neurological deficits.     

骨水泥在骨质疏松性脊柱压缩骨折的应用与研究现状

骨水泥已广泛应用在脊柱外科领域。在椎体成形术和后凸成形术中应用的主要是三种骨水泥：聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯骨水泥（PMMA）;磷酸钙骨水泥（CPC）,硫酸钙骨水泥（CSC）;掺骨生长因子的其他可注射物。它们各有优缺点。随着骨水泥材料学、生物力学研究的进展,骨水泥的性能不断改进,在此基础上研究的新的骨水泥将能更好的用于脊柱骨折。     

经皮椎体成形术充填自固化磷酸钙人工骨治疗疼痛性骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折(附23例报告)

目的　观察经皮椎体成形术 (PVP)治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折的初步临床疗效。方法　使用自固化磷酸钙人工骨 (CPC)为充填材料 ,在 X线透视监视下 ,经单侧或双侧椎弓根穿刺的 PVP治疗 2 3例(31个 )骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折的椎体。结果　 CPC平均充填量胸椎 3.1m l,腰椎 4 .0 m l。术中 CPC渗漏者 4例(4个椎体 ) ,渗漏率为 17.4 % ,以椎体计算 ,渗漏率为 12 .9%。无 1例出现严重并发症。根据目测疼痛评分法(VAS)评定 ,并经 3～ 10个月 (平均 6 .6个月 )随访 ,术后所有患者疼痛明显减轻或消失 (P<0 .0 0 1)。结论　 PVP可安全有效地缓解骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩骨折引起的疼痛