慈溪市1985—1999年食品卫生合格率分析

为掌握我市各类食品卫生质量动态变化 ,及时调整食品卫生监督监测工作重点 ,提高食品卫生合格率 ,现将我市 1985～ 1999年食品卫生合格率进行分析。材料与方法资料来自本市 1985～ 1999年食品卫生监测季、年报表 ,分别计算各年度合格率及各类食品合格率。结　果1　各年度食品卫生合格率　 1985～ 1999年全市共监测各类食品 5 0 15 9份 ,合格 436 96份 ,总合格率 87 1%。其中监测消毒餐具 35 5 0 2份 ,合格 30 944份 ,合格率 87 2 %。食品监测件数自 1996年起大幅上升 ,1996～ 1999年 4年监测份数占 15年监测份数的 88 1% (36 96 4/ 4195 9) …     

盐城市1995～1999年食品卫生监测情况分析

为了认真贯彻执行《食品卫生法》和食品卫生标准 ,了解我市食品卫生质量 ,找出影响食品卫生的主要原因 ,提高食品卫生合格率 ,减少和控制食源性疾病的发生 ,确保人民身体健康 ,现将盐城市区 1 995～ 1 999年食品卫生监测情况分析如下。1　不同食品的监测情况1 995～ 1 999年共监测各类食品 1 5种、6 32 9个样品 ,合格 5 2 2 2个 ,合格率为82 .5 1 % ,其中蒸馏酒合格率最高为 1 0 0 % ,其次是消毒牛乳 ,合格率为 94.74% ,合格率最低为豆制品 5 3.5 7% ,其次为熟肉制品 (囟菜 )、酱油 ,合格率分别为 6 2 .0 9%和6 4 .77%。2　不同年份的监测情…     

1996年浙江省食品卫生基本情况分析

为了总结过去一年我省食品卫生监督监测工作的基本情况,并为科学指导食品卫生工作提供依据,本文对1996年度全省11个地市上报的食品卫生监督监测统计报表的各项统计数据进行了整理分析,现将结果报告如下。一、食品卫生监测情况1.1996年全省共监测19类食品50873件,其中合格42382件,总合格率为83.31%,按食品类别计,监测件数较多的几类食品依次为饮料、其他类食品和糕点,监测件数较少的几类食品分别是生啤酒、全脂牛乳粉及消毒牛乳;合格率较高的几类食品为熟啤酒(97.93%)、粮食(97.60%)及植物油(93.11%);合格率较低的食品为酱油(66.93%)、非发酵豆制品(67.51%)和熟肉及其制品(70.51%)。2.从各季度食品监测结果看,第三季度的合格率稍低(82.40%)。季度合格率变化比较明显的食品为:熟食及其制品、冷食和食品用产品(包括餐具消毒)。     

营口市1996～1998年食品卫生检测结果分析

为了解营口市近年来食品卫生状况 ,更有效地管理各食品企业 ,加强对各类食品卫生质量的监督和监测 ,现将我市食品卫生监测结果报告如下。资料与方法　收集我市 1996～ 1998年食品卫生监测结果报告单 ,将数据进行综合整理分析 ,各类食品检测项目按国家卫生标准 (ＧＢ)规定进行评价。结果　 1996～ 1998年总合格率依次为 90 2 9%、88 48%、82 80 % ,其中以 1996年总合格率最高 ,各年相比有显著性差异 (Ｐ <0 0 0 5 )。酒类、豆制品、保健食品及水产品的合格率均为 10 0 % ;乳制品 3年来的合格率分别为 5 3 5 7%、5 2 0 0 %、91 6 7% ,各年…     

2010-2013年无锡市崇安区食品卫生检测结果分析

目的了解辖区食品卫生现状,为食品卫生监督管理提供依据。方法对2010-2013年无锡市崇安区餐饮单位及学校食堂生产销售的食品检测结果进行统计分析。结果 2010-2013年食品检测合格率分别为57.7%、76.2%、63.2%和67.9%;不同种类食品合格率不同,快餐食品酱腌菜熟肉制品非发酵性豆制品,差异有统计学意义(χ2=23.74,P0.01)。结论卫生监督部门应加大监督力度,特别是对散装熟食制品加强监测,进一步改善食品卫生状况。     

嘉兴市秀洲区1990—1999年食品卫生监测结果

为了解和掌握本辖区食品卫生质量状况 ,对近 10年来的食品卫生监测情况进行一次总结分析 ,现报告如下。材料与方法本文资料来自 1990～ 1999年食品卫生监测报表及相关资料 ,由本单位档案室提供。计算本区历年监测结果及各类 (13类 )食品监测结果和近 3年 2种具有代表性的食品在不同行业中监测结果 ,同时对近 3年的本地产食品与外埠食品抽样监测与企业送样检测结果等比较分析。结　果1　历年监测结果比较　 1990～ 1999年共监测食品 32 14件 ,合格 2 5 45件 ,平均合格率为 79 18% ,标化合格率为79 2 0 %。 10年来的食品卫生合格率高低不稳定 …     

磐安县452件食品检测结果分析

食品抽样监测是经常性卫生监督管理的一项重要工作 ,食品抽检合格率在一定程度上可以反映当地的食品卫生状况。按卫生部统一制定的“食品卫生监督监测情况报表 (抽样监测 )”中食品分类 ,我县于 1999年度抽样 15类食品 45 2件样品进行卫生监测 ,总合格率 79 87%(36 1/ 45 2 )。1　材料与方法全县 1999年度 15类 45 2件食品样品 ,按国家规定的检验方法和卫生标准进行卫生检验、判定。2　结果2 1　各类食品检测合格率 (表 1)表 1　磐安县 1999年度各类食品检测合格率合计植物油肉及制品乳制品水产品罐头冷冻饮品饮料蒸馏酒发酵酒豆制品糕点糖…     

1997～2001年龙岩市食品卫生监测情况分析

食品卫生监测是保证食品卫生、防止食品污染和有害因素对人体的危害、保障人民身体健康的重要手段之一。为了解近年来龙岩市食品卫生监测情况 ,现将龙岩市 1997～ 2 0 0 1年的食品卫生监测资料进行分析 ,为我市今后食品卫生监督监测工作提供依据。1　资料与方法资料取自 1997～ 2 0 0 1年龙岩市各县 (市、区 )食品卫生监督监测情况年报表。按食品卫生统计报表说明 ,计算各类食品卫生监测合格率。2　结果1997～ 2 0 0 1年共检测 19类食品 15 2 85份 ,合格 12 964份 ,总合格率为 84 8%。各年度的合格率分别为 79 0 %( 2 2 0 1/2 788)、82 2 %…     

舟山市1990～1999年食品卫生监测结果分析

分析食品卫生质量监测结果是搞好食品卫生监督工作的重要手段。为了解舟山市 2 0世纪 90年代食品卫生状况 ,以便进一步加强和调整监督监测重点 ,提高食品卫生合格率 ,对 1990～ 1999年食品卫生质量监测结果进行分析。1资料和方法舟山市 1990～ 1999年各类食品送检和抽检监测报表 ,由市卫生防疫站档案室提供。各年度合格率以浙江省各年度合格率为标准进行标化。理化、微生物指标参考国家、部颁、地方和企业卫生标准评判 ,有任一项数据不合格的按不合格计。2结果2 11990～ 1999年合计检测各种食品 2 1633份 ,合格 18333份 ,合格率为 84 75%…     

1984～1999年嘉兴市秀洲区食品卫生检测结果分析

为了解秀洲区日常监测与食品企业自行送样样品检测结果之间的差异 ,对 1984～ 1999年的食品监测资料进行了统计。1　材料嘉兴市秀洲区 1984～ 1999年食品卫生监测年报表、年度资料汇编等有关资料 ,由本单位档案室提供。2　结果2 1　一般情况　 1984～ 1999年共检测食品 6838件 ,合格 5 439件 ,合格率为 79 5 4%。各年度的合格率分别为 67 18% (88/ 131)、82 0 3% (388/ 4 73)、72 95 %(4 5 3/ 62 1)、82 2 6% (385 / 4 68)、75 39% (386/ 5 12 )、82 96% (374 / 4 5 1)、70 63% (2 2 6/ 32 0 )、80 35 % (2 74 /34 1)、81 5 1% (2 1…     

Methotrexate and fertility in men

The possible deleterious effects of folic acid antagonist methotrexate on the fertility potential have been investigated in 26 male psoriatic patients. Examination for semen, testicular histology, and spermatogenic function using radioactive phosphorus revealed that methotrexate had no unfavorable effect on male fertility. A long follow up of the patients and their offspring is needed to exclude the possible teratogenic effect of the drug.     

Differences in substance use and sexual partnering between men who have sex with men,men who have sex with men and women and transgender women

Men who have sex with men (MSM), men who have sex with men and women (MSM/W) and transgender women (TGW) remain the populations most severely and disproportionately impacted upon by HIV in Los Angeles County. Baseline data from community-based HIV-prevention programmes serving these populations were analysed to explore differences in demographic characteristics, substance use and sexual partnering between the three groups. Despite high HIV prevalence overall (MSM 34.7% versus MSM/W 16.1% versus TGW 21.9%, p < .001), there were striking differences in risk behaviours. Higher rates of homelessness were reported by MSM/W compared to MSM and TGW. Lower rates of education and less substance use were reported by TGW (62.2%), compared to MSM (79.7%) and MSM/W (92.6%). A much higher number of male sexual exchange partners were reported by TGW (MSM 1.04 [SD = 4.8] versus MSM/W 1.54 [SD = 10.3] versus TGW 12.37 [SD = 23.9], p < .001). Findings support the need for HIV-prevention interventions that specifically address the unique risk patterns among each population in order to curb HIV acquisition and transmission.     

Osteoporosis and hypogonadism in men

It is estimated that almost 1 in 10 men will suffer a fracture caused by osteoporosis after the age of 50 years. Among those are a considerable number of men who will fracture their hip. A number of therapies have demonstrated efficacy in improving bone density in men, and the issue of which therapy and when to institute it is addressed in this article.     

Differences in substance use and sexual partnering between men who have sex with men, men who have sex with men and women and transgender women

Men who have sex with men (MSM), men who have sex with men and women (MSM/W) and transgender women (TGW) remain the populations most severely and disproportionately impacted upon by HIV in Los Angeles County. Baseline data from community-based HIV-prevention programmes serving these populations were analysed to explore differences in demographic characteristics, substance use and sexual partnering between the three groups. Despite high HIV prevalence overall (MSM 34.7% versus MSM/W 16.1% versus TGW 21.9%, p < .001), there were striking differences in risk behaviours. Higher rates of homelessness were reported by MSM/W compared to MSM and TGW. Lower rates of education and less substance use were reported by TGW (62.2%), compared to MSM (79.7%) and MSM/W (92.6%). A much higher number of male sexual exchange partners were reported by TGW (MSM 1.04 [SD = 4.8] versus MSM/W 1.54 [SD = 10.3] versus TGW 12.37 [SD = 23.9], p < .001). Findings support the need for HIV-prevention interventions that specifically address the unique risk patterns among each population in order to curb HIV acquisition and transmission.     

Adiposity and mortality in men

The relation between measures of adiposity and mortality has been a controversial topic. The authors examined prospectively the relation between several measures of adiposity and risks of overall and cause-specific mortality in 39,756 US men aged 40-75 years. During 10 years of follow-up (1986-1996), 1,972 deaths (747 from cancer, 423 from cardiovascular disease, and 802 from other causes) were documented. An elevated risk of death among the leanest men was partly accounted for by excess mortality during early follow-up and high mortality among those with a history of recent weight loss. After exclusion of men with substantial recent weight loss and deaths occurring during the first 4 years of follow-up, overall and cardiovascular disease mortality among men aged <65 years increased linearly with greater body mass index (BMI) (weight (kg)/height (m)2); multivariate relative risks for overall mortality were 1.0 (referent) for a BMI of <23, 1.21 for a BMI of 23-24.9, 1.19 for a BMI of 25-26.9, 1.39 for a BMI of 27-29.9, and 1.97 for a BMI of >30 (test for trend: p< 0.001). Among men aged > or =65 years, there were no significant relations between BMI and overall, cardiovascular disease, or cancer mortality risk. However, waist circumference strongly predicted risk of death from cardiovascular disease among the older men. These findings indicated that the relation between body fat and mortality was influenced by reverse causation and varied by age.     

男男性行为者心理弹性及其影响因素研究

目的　探讨家庭关怀、社会支持和常见心理症状对男男性行为者心理弹性的影响,为制定干预措施提供依据。方法 采用横断面研究设计,在阜阳市同性恋人群活动场所及自愿咨询检测门诊以方便抽样法招募研究对象,知情同意后进行问卷调查。结果　共调查105名男男性行为者（MSM）,收获有效问卷100份,年龄最小16岁,最大53岁,平均年龄(24.20±6.24)岁。高学历男男性行为者的心理弹性得分较高,其他人口学变量间弹性得分差异均无统计学意义;抑郁和孤独与心理弹性呈负相关（r=-0.361,P=0.010;r=-0.354,P=0.012）,社会支持和家庭关怀与心理弹性呈正相关（r=0.300,P=0.034;r=0.414,P=0.003）。多重线性回归显示,家庭亲密度越高、社会支持利用度越多的男男性行为者心理弹性越好。结论　家庭关怀和社会支持与男男性行为者心理弹性密切相关,应加大家庭社会对男男性行为者的关怀和支持力度,提升MSM心理发展弹性化。     

Gay men and other men who have sex with men in West Africa: evidence from the field

This paper presents a synthesis of lessons learned from field experiences in HIV prevention, treatment and care services for men who have sex with men in the four contiguous West African countries of the Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea-Conakry and Senegal. Service provision for men who have sex with men in these countries is contextualised by the epidemiology of HIV, as well as the socio-political environment. These countries share notable commonalities in terms of social structures and culture, though past approaches to the needs of men who have sex with men have varied greatly. This synthesis includes three distinct components. The first focuses on what is known about HIV epidemiology among men who have sex with men in these countries and provides an overview of the data gaps affecting the quality of service provision. The second aspect describes the HIV prevention and treatment services currently available and how organisations and strategies have evolved in their approach to working with men who have sex with men. Finally, an examination of the political and cultural climate highlights socio-cultural factors that enable or impede HIV prevention and treatment efforts for men who have sex with men. The review concludes with a series of recommendations for impactful research, advocacy and service provision to improve the health and human rights context for men who have sex with men in West Africa.     

Anorectal malignancies and dysplasia in HIV-positive men who have sex with men

Since the HIV epidemic, the incidence ofanorectal (pre)malignancies in men who have sex with men (MSM) is increasing. The incidence is likely to increase further in the coming years, given that HIV-positive MSM are living longer thanks to powerful antiretroviral treatment. Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a major risk factor for the development of anal (pre)malignancies. Less is known about the natural history of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN). Screening in HIV-positive and HIV-negative MSM for anorectal malignancies or dysplasia is cost-effective if the incidence is sufficiently high. Treatment options range from watchful waiting for asymptomatic grade-1 AIN to excision or radio(chemo)therapy for anorectal carcinoma. HPV vaccines are in development. Especially in HIV-positive MSM with anorectal complaints or genital warts in their medical history, one should consider these malignancies.