苯磺酸左旋氨氯地平片与厄贝沙坦/氢氯噻嗪片联合治疗高血压的疗效评价

目的 观察苯磺酸左旋氨氯地平片(2.5mg)与厄贝沙坦/氢氯噻嗪片(含厄贝沙坦150mg,氢氯噻嗪12.5mg)联合治疗高血压的临床疗效.方法 选择高血压患者72例,随机分为3组:A组(n=23)口服苯磺酸左旋氨氯地平片2.5mg,1次/d;B组(n=19)口服厄贝沙坦/氢氯噻嗪片150mg,1次/d;C组(n=30)晨服厄贝沙坦/氢氯噻嗪片150mg,睡前服用苯磺酸左旋氨氯地平片2.5mg,1次/d;疗程均为12周.结果 3组患者血压均有下降,A组总有效率为65.2%,B组为63.1%,C组为93.3%.结论 苯磺酸左旋氨氯地平片联合厄贝沙坦/氢氯噻嗪片用于治疗高血压比单用苯磺酸左旋氨氯地平片或厄贝沙坦/氢氯噻嗪片更有效、安全,值得推广.     

厄贝沙坦联合氢氯噻嗪治疗老年原发性高血压86例

目的 探讨厄贝沙坦联合氢氯噻嗪(依伦平)治疗老年原发性高血压的临床疗效.方法 将86例老年原发性高血压患者随机分为观察组和对照组,各43例.观察组服用厄贝沙坦150 mg,氢氯噻嗪12.5 mg;对照组给予缬沙坦(平欣)40 mg联合左旋氨氯地平(施慧达)2.5 mg 口服,1次/日.结果 观察组显效35例,有效5例,总有效率为93.0%;对照组显效27例,有效6例,总有效率为76.8%(P<0.05).结论 厄贝沙坦联合氢氯噻嗪治疗老年原发性高血压疗效可靠.     

苯磺酸氨氯地平片与氢氯噻嗪片治疗老年高血压临床对比观察

目的探讨苯磺酸氨氯地平片与氢氯噻嗪片用于老年高血压的降压疗效对比。方法选取110例Ⅱ、Ⅲ级老年高血压患者,随机分为氨氯地平组(55例)和氢氯噻嗪组(55例),氨氯地平组给予苯磺酸氨氯地平片10 mg,早上1次,厄贝沙坦片150 mg,早上1次;氢氯噻嗪组给予氢氯噻嗪片25 mg,早上1次,厄贝沙坦片150 mg,早上1次,观察纳入时和治疗14 d后,收缩压和舒张压的变化。结果治疗前,氨氯地平组和氢氯噻嗪组患者的收缩压和舒张压比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,两组患者的血压均比治疗前下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),氨氯地平组比氢氯噻嗪组下降更明显,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组的总有效率差异无统计学意义(P0.05),但秩和检验结果显示氨氯地平组患者临床疗效优于氢氯噻嗪组,差异有统计学意义(u=2.408,P=0.016)。结论苯磺酸氨氯地平片和氢氯噻嗪片均能降低Ⅱ、Ⅲ级老年高血压,但苯磺酸氨氯地平片比氢氯噻嗪片作用持续时间长,起效快,降压平稳,容易达标。     

单用厄贝沙坦与厄贝沙坦/氢氯噻嗪复方片治疗原发性高血压疗效分析

目的 评价单用厄贝沙坦与厄贝沙坦/氢氯噻嗪复方片(安博诺)治疗轻中度原发性高血压的疗效.方法 选取106例轻中度原发性高血压病人,随机分为两组,A组口服厄贝沙坦,B组口服厄贝沙坦/氢氯噻嗪复方片,两组病人均随访治疗12周,观察两组降压疗效和不良反应.结果 完成12周随访情况,A组49例,B组48例.A组降压总有效率为83.7%,B组降压总有效率为89.6%,两组相比无统计学意义.对于舒张压达标率B组明显优于A组.两组病人均未观察到严重不良反应.结论 厄贝沙坦/氢氯噻嗪复方片治疗轻中度原发性高血压控制率和达标率较高,无明显不良反应.     

厄贝沙坦氢氯噻嗪复方片治疗轻中度高血压疗效观察

目的探讨厄贝沙坦氢氯噻嗪复方片治疗轻中度高血压的临床疗效。方法分析2008年1月至2013年1月我院收治的180例轻中度高血压患者的临床资料,将患者分为2组,比较2组患者的疗效差异。结果对照组患者经厄贝沙坦治疗,降压总有效率为68．89％,治疗组患者经厄贝沙坦氢氯噻嗪片治疗,降压总有效率为87．78％,明显高于对照组,经比较,P〈0．05,差异具有统计学意义。结论厄贝沙坦氢氯噻嗪复方片治疗轻中度高血压疗效确切,值得推广使用。     

厄贝沙坦和氢氯噻嗪治疗原发性高血压33例临床观察

目的观察厄贝沙坦联合氢氯噻嗪治疗原发性高血压的疗效及安全性。方法65例轻中度原发性高血压患者,停药1～2周后,随机分为两组,治疗组33例,予厄贝沙坦150mg／d晨服,氢氯噻嗪12．5mg/d晨服。对照组32例仅予厄贝沙坦150mg／d晨服。疗程8周。观察两组治疗前后的血压、心率及不良反应。结果治疗组总有效率90．9％,对照组总有效率71．9％,两组比较差异有统计学意义（χ^2=3．910,P=0．048）;两组收缩压、舒张压均明显下降,但治疗组优于对照组（t’=7．0367。P〈0．05;t=3．6552,P=0．0005）。结论厄贝沙坦和氢氯噻嗪联用能有效控制血压,且耐受性好。     

厄贝沙坦/氢氯噻嗪复方片治疗轻中度原发性高血压的临床观察

目的评价高血压患者接受厄贝沙坦/氢氯噻嗪复方制剂(商品名:依伦平)治疗轻中度原发性高血压的达标率。方法采用自身对照、开放单一治疗试验设计方案。共入选120例轻、中度原发性高血压患者,经药物清洗1～2周后,给予初始剂量依伦平1片/d 治疗,治疗2周末,如未达标(目标血压:舒张压<85 mmHg)则增加厄贝沙坦150 mg 继续服用2周;在第4周末仍未达标则再增加氢氯噻嗪12.5 mg(即依伦平2片/d),治疗8周试验结束。治疗前后监测血糖、血尿酸、肌酐、血脂和血钾。结果 1)依伦平治疗1周后,收缩压/舒张压与治疗前比较,分别降低14.2/9.0 mmHg(P<0.01);8周后,收缩压/舒张压分别降低27.9/15.8 mmHg(P<0.01)。2)在治疗的8周中服用依伦平1片/d 为84例(70.0%);服用依伦平1片+厄贝沙坦150 mg/d 为28例(23.3%);依伦平2片/d为8例(6.7%)。3)4例(3.0%)患者出现不良反应。结论国产厄贝沙坦/氢氯噻嗪复方制剂治疗轻、中度原发性高血压安全有效,不良反应较少。     

厄贝沙坦／氢氯噻嗪复方片治疗轻中度原发性高血压的临床观察

目的 评价高血压患者接受厄贝沙坦/氢氯噻嗪复方制剂(商品名:依伦平)治疗轻中度原发性高血压的达标率.方法 采用自身对照、开放单一治疗试验设计方案.共入选120例轻、中度原发性高血压患者,经药物清洗1～2周后,给予初始剂量依伦平1片/d治疗,治疗2周末,如未达标(目标血压:舒张压<85 mmHg)则增加厄贝沙坦150 mg继续服用2周;在第4周末仍未达标则再增加氢氯噻嗪12.5 mg(即依伦平2片/d),治疗8周试验结束.治疗前后监测血糖、血尿酸、肌酐、血脂和血钾.结果 1)依伦平治疗1周后,收缩压/舒张压与治疗前比较,分别降低14.2/9.O mmHg(P相似文献   

动态血压监测评价复方厄贝沙坦的降压作用

目的评价厄贝沙坦/氢氯噻嗪(复方厄贝沙坦,商品名安博诺)降压谷/峰比值及降压效果. 方法开放试验.28例轻中度高血压患者日服一次复方厄贝沙坦(厄贝沙坦150mg/氢氯噻嗪12.5mg)、共8周,治疗前后行24h动态血压监测. 结果收缩压、舒张压谷/峰比值分别为56.1%、55.3%,24h、昼、夜平均血压分别下降22.2/13.3mmHg、23.8/14.1mmHg、15.0/9.1mmHg.结论复方厄贝沙坦日服一次,降压作用可维持24h.     

原发性高血压29例疗效观察

目的探讨厄贝沙坦氢氯噻嗪治疗老年原发性高血压的疗效。方法回顾性分析我院2009年1月—2010年12月收治的29例原发性高血压患者,均给予厄贝沙坦氢氯噻嗪片,1次/d,1片/次。2周作为1个疗程,治疗4个疗程后观察患者的临床疗效及治疗前、治疗后患者的收缩压、舒张压改善的情况。结果本组显效为75.86%,有效为17.24%,无效为3.45%;总有效率93.10%。治疗前患者的收缩压、舒张压与治疗1个疗程,2个疗程,3个疗程,4个疗程相比均有统计学意义(P<0.05),不良反应发生率为6.9%。结论厄贝沙坦氢氯噻嗪能有效治疗老年原发性高血压,有效率高,不良反应发生率低,疗效可靠。     

The immunoneuroendocrine role of melatonin

Abstract: A tight, physiological link between the pineal gland and the immune system is emerging from a series of experimental studies. This link might reflect the evolutionary connection between self-recognition and reproduction. Pinealectomy or other experimental methods which inhibit melatonin synthesis and secretion induce a state of immunodepression which is counteracted by melatonin. In general, melatonin seems to have an immunoenhancing effect that is particularly apparent in immunodepressive states. The negative effect of acute stress or immunosuppressive pharmacological treatments on various immune parameters are counteracted by melatonin. It seems important to note that one of the main targets of melatonin is the thymus, i.e., the central organ of the immune system. The clinical use of melatonin as an immunotherapeutic agent seems promising in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies as well as in cancer immunotherapy. The immunoenhancing action of melatonin seems to be mediated by T-helper cell-derived opioid peptides as well as by lymphokines and, perhaps, by pituitary hormones. Melatonin-induced-immuno-opioids (MHO) and lymphokines imply the presence of specific binding sites or melatonin receptors on cells of the immune system. On the other hand, lymphokines such as -γ-interferon and interleukin-2 as well as thymic hormones can modulate the synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland. The pineal gland might thus be viewed as the crux of a sophisticated immunoneuroendocrine network which functions as an unconscious, diffuse sensory organ.     

Changes in connexin43, the gap junction protein of astrocytes, during development of the rat pineal gland

Abstract: The abundance of gap junctions between rat pineal astrocytes formed by connexin43 (Cx43) was studied during development. Levels and distribution of Cx43 were measured by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence, respectively. The amount of Cx43 in cells located within the gland was low until about the 7th postnatal day and increased to adult values between the 14th and 21st days postpartum. Although astrocytes, recognized by their vimentin immunoreactivity, were scarce before birth, they were abundant by the 7th postnatal day suggesting that the low levels of Cx43 found at this age corresponded to a low expression of this protein. Localization of the immunoreactivity to Cx43 and vimentin showed a close correlation, indicating that mature or immature pineal astrocytes form gap junctions made of Cx43. Since Cx43 levels attained their adult values at about the time the innervation and the functional state of the gland reached maturity (2–3 weeks after birth), it is proposed that astrocyte gap junctions are involved in the function of the adult rat pineal gland.     

Conservative management of perforated duodenal diverticulum： A case report and review of the literature

Duodenal diverticula are a relatively common condition. They are asymptomatic, unless they become complicated, with perforation being the rarest but most severe complication. Surgical treatment is the most frequently performed approach. We report the case of a patient with a perforated duodenal diverticulum, which was diagnosed early and treated conservatively with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of secondary retroperitoneal abscesses. We suggest this method could be an acceptable option for the management of similar cases, provided that the patient is in good general condition and without septic signs.     

Response of rat pineal melatonin to calcium, magnesium, and lithium is circadian stage dependent

Abstract: Herein we documented the response of pineal melatonin production to electrolytes known to be effective on pineal function in view of a possible circadian stage dependence. We studied the release of melatonin by perifused rat pineal glands at 2 different circadian stages corresponding to the middle of the light and dark periods, i.e., respectively, 7 and 19 HALO (Hours After Light Onset, L:D = 12:12). The initial efflux rates were, as expected, much higher in the perifusates of glands removed from rats sacrificed during the dark phase than of those removed during the light phase. After 3 hr of perifusion, melatonin release reached similar levels which were found constant up to the 8th hr of perifusion, whatever the circadian stage. Perifusion of the glands with physiological concentrations for the rat of calcium (5.2 mmol/1) and magnesium (1.34 mmol/1) resulted in a stimulatory effect on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed in the middle of the dark period (19 HALO), whereas no effects were observed on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed during the light (7 HALO). Lithium (0.28 and 0.55 mmol/1) was ineffective on melatonin release in pineal glands removed 7 and 19 HALO. Our results show differences in the initial efflux rates of melatonin and in the response of perifused pineal glands to calcium and magnesium according to the circadian stage.     

Presence of immunoreactive growth hormone and prolactin in the ovine pineal gland

Abstract: The use of antisera raised against bovine growth hormone (GH) and ovine prolactin (PRL) enabled the detection of related immunoreactive (ir) sequences of proteins in ovine pineal tissue. The isolation of PRL-like ir-material was accomplished using a 0.25 M ammonium sulphate (pH 5.5) extraction followed by ethanol precipitation, whereas the resulting 2.0 M ammonium sulphate (pH 7.0) precipitate contained a GH-like immunoreactivity. Gel chromatography of the GH-like immunoreactivity (Sephadex G-100) indicated the presence of several GH-like fragments ranging in the M_r range of 7,000 to 55,000. Analyses of the PRL-like ir-material found in pineal tissue on HPLC using a TSK 545-DEAE column led to the resolution into a single peak of immunoreactivity. A single peak of activity was also observed following chromatofocusing and hydrophobic interaction chromatography of the ir-peak from the TSK 545-DEAE column. The PRL-like ir-material inhibited the binding of [¹²⁵I]ovine PRL-S14 to anti-ovine PRL antibodies without showing an affinity for binding to anti-rat PRL or anti-bovine GH antibodies. Scatchard analysis of the binding of pineal PRL-like ir-material and pituitary ovine PRL-S14 to liver membranes from day-20 pregnant rats revealed similar affinity constants (K_a of 4.7 ± 0.2 × 10⁹ M^-1). In addition, the replication of Nb 2 Node rat lymphoma cells was stimulated by pineal PRL-like ir-material, an effect known to be specific for lactogenic hormones. The pineal PRL-like immunoreactivity appeared on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels as a single major band of M_r 24,000. The functional status of PRL-and GH-like ir-material in the ovine pineal remains to be determined, but evidence is presented that the overall protein synthesis rate of the rat pineal responded to circulating concentrations of PRL.     

Microbiology of human immunodeficiency virus anorectal disease

PURPOSE: Individuals who are seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus are at high risk for opportunistic infection and anorectal disorders. Little prospective information is available regarding anorectal pathogens in these patients. METHODS: One hundred sixty-three HIV-seropositive patients presented to the colorectal clinic between 1989 and 1992. Forty-seven (29 percent) patients were thought to have an infectious process and were prospectively studied using a standardized multiculture protocol. RESULTS: Mean age was 33 (range, 19–59) years. All were male; high-risk behavior accounted for 87 percent of HIV transmissions. Presenting complaints included anorectal pain (79 percent), pus per anum (28 percent), and blood per anum (26 percent). Examination revealed perianal tenderness (60 percent), condyloma (38 percent), perianal ulcers (38 percent), and anal fissures (34 percent). Sixty-six sets of cultures were performed; 28 patients had one set, 15 had two sets, and 4 had three sets. Thirty-two of these 47 patients (68 percent) had positive cultures including herpes (50 percent), cytomegalovirus (25 percent),Neisseria gonorrhoeae (16 percent), chlamydia (16 percent), acidfast bacilli (2 percent), and others (9 percent). Six of 32 patients with positive cultures had more than one organism cultured. Sixteen (50 percent) patients with positive cultures were treated medically, 8 (25 percent) were treated surgically and 8 (25 percent) were treated with both modalities. Sixty-one procedures were performed on 17 patients for condylomata. Eighteen patients had 20 procedures for abscesses, 50 percent of whom had positive cultures for other than common bowel flora; all improved. Fourteen patients underwent 33 procedures for perianal fistulas.Mycobacterium fortuitum was cultured from one patient who required 13 procedures for abscesses and fistulas. Forty-five (96 percent) patients were followed for an average of 12.5 months ±2.9 SEM (range, 1–94 months). Symptoms were improved or resolved in 22 of 32 (69 percent) patients with positive cultures and in 11 of 13 (84 percent) with negative cultures. CONCLUSIONS: Specific pathogens may often be identified in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients with anorectal disorders if aggressively sought. Although patients without specific pathogens identified may be expected to improve with planned empiric treatment, positive identification allows more directed therapy.