可溶性核小体与系统性红斑狼疮临床表现及免疫学指标的关系

目的了解血清可溶性核小体与系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)活动性及抗核小体抗体(AnuA)的关系;探讨核小体与SLE临床表现及免疫学指标的关系。方法应用双抗夹心酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测33例SLE患者、31例疾病对照组(包括原发性干燥综合征、多发性肌炎、系统性硬化症、未分化结缔组织病、类风湿关节炎)和30名正常对照组血清中的核小体浓度,并记录SLE患者的各种临床表现及实验室指标,分析其与核小体的关系。结果SLE患者的血清中核小体的浓度明显低于正常对照组及疾病对照组(P<0.05);疾病对照组与正常对照组比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。SLE患者的血清核小体浓度与AnuA的高低呈明显的负相关(r=-0.410,P=0.018);核小体减低组的SLE患者发热、皮疹、补体C4降低、血沉(ESR)增快、IgA增高、尿蛋白阳性的发生率明显高于核小体增高组,差异有显著性(P<0.05);核小体减低组中活动性狼疮的例数高于核小体增高组,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论SLE患者血清核小体浓度可减低或增高,血清核小体浓度与AnuA高低呈明显的负相关;血清核小体的减低与SLE皮肤损害、肾损害的发生明显相关;核小体的减低与SLE疾病活动性相关。     

系统性红斑狼疮血清抗核小体抗体水平及意义的探讨

目的 研究抗核小体抗体(AnuA)在系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus，SLE)患者血清中的水平及其相关影响因素，探讨AnuA在SLE诊治中的作用和意义。方法 采用酶联免疫吸附法(EUSA)测定120例初诊SLE患者、55例其他风湿性疾病和30名健康对照血清中AnuA水平。同时记录各种临床表现，检测并分析其治疗前的其他自身抗体和实验室指标。结果 自身抗体在SLE及其他风湿病对照组的阳性率分别为AnuA56％和7％，抗dsDNA抗体35％和1％，抗Sm抗体24％和0。AnuA与SLE患者性别、年龄、病程无相关性，对sLE的诊断敏感性和特异性分别为55．8％、9513％，对狼疮肾炎(1upus nephritis，LN)的诊断敏感性和特异性分别为77．％、64．5%。AnuA与肝脏损害和疾病活动呈线性相关(t=3．152，2．171，P＜O．05)。AnuA分别与抗dsDNA、抗Sm联合检测对SLE诊断敏感性提高27％、40％（X^2值分别为38．930、18．161，P＜O．01)。结论AnuA在SLE血清中水平显著增高，AnuA测定是SLE诊断和治疗监测中有价值的新的实验室检测指标之一，与抗dsDNA抗体联合检测可提高诊断SLE、LN的敏感性和特异性。     

抗核小体抗体对儿童系统性红斑狼疮诊断价值及与疾病活动度的相关性研究

目的 评价抗核小体抗体(AnuA)单独及与抗核抗体、抗Sm抗体和抗双链DNA(dsDNA)抗体联合检测对儿童系统性红斑狼疮(JSLE)的诊断价值,探讨AnuA与临床特点的相关性.方法 选取80例JSLE患者,56例非SLE的儿童疾病对照组,包括结缔组织病、白塞病、脊柱关节病、类风湿关节炎、皮肌炎、硬皮病,并留血清待检.采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清AnuA,间接免疫荧光法检测抗核抗体;联合ELISA法和间接免疫荧光法检测抗dsDNA抗体,其中任一种检测方法结果阳性即判为阳性;免疫印迹法检测抗Sm抗体,并记录JSLE患者的临床特点.收集同期临床资料及相关实验室检查结果,进行SLE疾病活动指数(SLEDAI)评分,分析JSLE患者AnuA抗体与上述指标的相关性.结果 AnuA对JSLE诊断的敏感度为76.25％,特异度为98.21％.AnuA与抗dsDNA抗体及抗Sm抗体联合检测的敏感度分别为83.05％、86.44％,特异度96.43％、98.21％,敏感度明显高于二者单项检测的敏感度,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).AnuA与红细胞、血红蛋白呈负相关(r值分别为-0.499、-0.503,P值分别为0.000、0.000),与红细胞沉降率(ESR)、血尿、低补体、抗dsDNA抗体呈正相关(r值分别为0.388、0.227、0.303、0.531,P值分别为0.000、0.042、0.006、0.000),与SLEDAI评分呈正相关(r=0.303,P=0.000).结论 AunA对JSLE的诊断具有较高的敏感度和特异度,与抗dsDNA抗体和抗Sm抗体联合检测可以提高诊断的敏感度.AunA不仅可以作为JSLE的诊断指标,还可以评估疾病活动性,具有较高的临床应用价值.     

抗核小体抗体在系统性红斑狼疮诊断中的意义

目的探讨抗核小体抗体(AnuA)在系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)诊断中的敏感性、特异性及其与疾病活动的相关性。方法采用ELISA检测SLE组、疾病对照组、正常对照组血清中的AnuA,将AnuA与疾病活动度(以SLEDAI评分)、抗ds-DNA抗体、抗Sm抗体等指标进行比较。结果AnuA在SLE中的阳性率高于作为SLE诊断标准中的抗ds-DNA抗体及抗Sm抗体,而抗ds-DNA抗体及抗Sm抗体阴性患者的AnuA阳性率仍可达到32.2%和57.4%。结论AnuA对SLE诊断的敏感性高、特异性强,且与病情活动呈正相关,可作为诊断和反映SLE病情活动的新指标。     

抗核小体抗体测定在系统性红斑狼疮诊断中的意义

目的　评价抗核小体抗体 (AnuA)对系统性红斑狼疮 (SLE)诊断的敏感性和特异性 ,并了解其与SLE活动性的关系及与其他自身抗体的关系。方法　用酶联免疫吸附 (ELISA)测定方法检测SLE患者、疾病对照组 (包括原发性干燥综合征、多发性肌炎、皮肌炎、系统性硬化症 )和正常对照组血清中的AnuA ,并记录SLE患者的各种临床表现及实验室指标 ,分析其与AnuA的关系。结果　 10 3例SLE患者中 6 9 9%血清AnuA阳性 ,6 6例疾病对照组仅 3 0 %阳性 ,30名正常对照组全部阴性 ;SLE组患者AnuA阳性率显著高于疾病对照组和正常对照组 (P <0 0 1) ,AnuA在SLE中检测的敏感性和特异性分别为 6 9 9%和 97 9%。AnuA阳性组的SLE患者肾损害、皮肤损害的发生率(6 1 1%、70 8% )明显高于AnuA阴性组 (2 9 0 %、32 3% ) (P <0 0 5 ) ;AnuA阳性组与AnuA阴性组相比 ,在年龄、性别、病程上差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。AnuA滴度的高低与SLE患者的SLEDAI评分有明显相关性 (r=0 2 82 ,P <0 0 5 )。抗dsDNA抗体、抗Sm抗体、快速狼疮因子 (DNP)、抗组蛋白抗体 (AHA)阴性的SLE患者AnuA的阳性率分别为 6 5 6 %、6 8 0 %、6 3 9%、6 4 1%。结论　AnuA对SLE诊断的敏感性高、特异性强 ;它与SLE疾病活动性密切相关 ,对抗dsDNA抗体、Sm、DNP及AHA     

抗核小体抗体对系统性红斑狼疮的诊断价值及临床意义

目的评价抗核小体抗体(AnuA)对系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)诊断的敏感性和特异性。方法选取2004-01—2004-12天津市第一中心医院风湿免疫科住院患者及门诊健康体检者,用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测64例SLE患者、46例疾病对照组和30例正常对照组血清中的AnuA。结果64例SLE患者血清AnuA阳性率为73·44%,46例疾病对照组为13·04%,正常对照组全部为阴性;AnuA对SLE诊断的敏感性和特异性分别为73·44%、88·68%。AnuA在狼疮肾炎中的阳性率比在非狼疮肾炎中高(χ2=5·246,P=0·022)。在抗dsDNA抗体、抗Sm抗体、抗组蛋白抗体(AHA)阴性的SLE患者中AnuA阳性率分别为60·71%、69·57%、64·10%。结论AnuA在SLE血清中水平明显增高,AnuA测定在SLE诊断和治疗中有重要意义,特别对抗dsDNA抗体、抗Sm抗体、抗组蛋白抗体阴性的SLE的诊断有重要意义。     

儿童系统性红斑狼疮患者血清抗核小体抗体检测

目的探讨抗核小体抗体(anti-nucleosome antibodies,AnuA)对儿童系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)诊断的意义,并与成人SLE进行比较。方法选取87例儿童SLE患者,30例非SLE儿童疾病对照组(包括幼年类风湿关节炎、脊柱关节病、皮肌炎、干燥综合征和血管炎),122例成人SLE和55例其他结缔组织病患者,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测血清AnuA。结果 87例儿童SLE中67例AnuA阳性,30例儿童疾病对照组中2例AnuA阳性,AnuA对儿童SLE诊断的敏感性和特异性分别为77.01%和93.33%,ROC曲线下面积为0.852;阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为97.10%和58.33%。AnuA对成人SLE患者诊断的敏感度和特异度分别为68.85%和90.91%。AnuA对儿童SLE诊断的敏感度高于成人SLE,对儿童SLE诊断的特异度与成人比较无明显差异(P0.05)。在抗dsDNA抗体和抗Sm抗体阴性的儿童SLE患者中AnuA的阳性率分别为56.52%(26/46)和76.71%(56/73)。结论 AnuA对儿童SLE的诊断具有较高的敏感度和特异度,有助于抗dsDNA抗体和抗Sm抗体阴性儿童SLE的诊断。     

SLE患者血清抗核小体抗体水平测定及意义

采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测42例系统性红斑狼疮患者（SLE组）和30例健康人（对照组）血清抗核小体抗体（AnuA）水平。结果血清AnuA阳性率SLE组和对照组分别为69.04%和0（P〈0.01）;SLE活动期显著高于非活动期（P〈0.01）,有肾脏损害者明显高于无肾脏损害者（P〈0.05）;经泼尼松治疗后SLE组血清AnuA阳性率明显降低（P〈0.05）。认为血清AnuA可能参与了SLE的发病机制;其可作为反映SLE活动程度、肾脏损害及预后的指标。     

抗核小体抗体、抗双链DNA抗体和抗超敏双链DNA抗体与系统性红斑狼疮的相关性研究

目的 通过检测系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者血清中抗核小体抗体(AnuA)、抗双链DNA (dsDNA)抗体和抗超敏双链DNA (dsDNA-NcX)抗体的水平,分析其在SLE患者中的敏感性、特异性及与其他实验室指标的相关性.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法分别检测91例SLE患者、45例非SLE疾病对照和46例健康对照组血清中AnuA、抗dsDNA抗体和抗dsDNA-NcX抗体的水平,比较3种抗体对SLE诊断的敏感性和特异性,评价其与其他实验室指标的关系.结果 SLE患者AnuA、抗dsDNA抗体和抗dsDNA-NcX抗体的阳性率分别为49.45％、56.04％和61.54％;特异性分别为94.51％、94.51％和100.00％.AnuA、抗dsDNA抗体和抗dsDNA-NcX抗体均与SLEDAI评分呈正相关(r=0.50,P=0.00;r =0.49,P=0.00;r =0.42,P=0.00).ANA的滴度与AnuA的浓度呈正相关(r=0.30,P=0.00),与抗dsDNA抗体的滴度无相关性(r=0.19,P=0.08),与抗dsDNA-NcX抗体的浓度呈正相关(r=0.50,P=0.00).红细胞沉降率在抗dsDNA-NcX抗体、抗dsDNA抗体阴性和阳性组间比较差异无统计学意义(x2=0.76,P=0.38;x2=0.13,P=0.18),而在AnuA阴性与阳性组间比较差异有统计学意义(x2 =20.31,P=0.00).CRP及24小时尿蛋白定量在三者阴性与阳性组间比较差异无统计学意义.补体C3、C4在AnuA、抗dsDNA抗体和抗dsDNA-NcX抗体的阴性与阳性组间比较差异有统计学意义(x2=9.84,P=0.00;x2=16.53,P=0.00;x2 =10.33,P=0.00;x2 =11.61,P=0.00;x2 =12.69,P=0.00;x2=8.77,P=0.00).胱抑素在抗dsDNA抗体和AnuA的阴性与阳性组间比较差异无统计学意义,而在抗dsDNA-NcX抗体阴性与阳性组间比较差异有统计学意义(x2 =4.04,P=0.04).结论 抗dsDNA-NcX抗体可作为SLE的特异性抗体之一,其敏感性和特异性均高于抗dsDNA抗体和AnuA,三者均与SLE的疾病活动相关,联合检测有助于评估病情.     

三种自身抗体联合检测对狼疮疾病活动和狼疮肾炎的价值

目的探讨联合检测抗C1q抗体、抗核小体抗体(AnuA)和抗dsDNA抗体对狼疮活动和狼疮肾炎(LN)的价值。方法 90例系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)分为疾病活动和疾病稳定组、LN和非LN组, 酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清抗C1q抗体和AnuA水平,间接免疫荧光法比较三抗体单个和联合对疾病活动和LN的价值。结果抗C1q抗体、AnuA和抗dsDNA抗体阳性对疾病活动的敏感性分别为 71．4％、75．0％和66．1％,特异性分别为75．5％、70．6％和88．2％;抗dsDNA抗体阴性患者分别有36．7％抗 C1q抗体阳性和26．5％AnuA阳性。疾病活动组三抗体阳性率和抗体水平显著高于疾病稳定组;三抗体与 SLE疾病活动指数(SLEDAI)、血沉(ESR)、IgG、球蛋白水平显著正相关,与C3、C4及白蛋白水平显著负相关。LN组三抗体水平显著高于非LN组。结论三抗体都是狼疮疾病活动的指标,都与LN有关,联合检测可以提高疾病活动检出率。     

Soluble TRAIL concentrations are raised in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

BACKGROUND: Increased apoptosis may induce autoimmune conditions. Apoptosis is induced by binding of death receptor ligands, members of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily, to their cognate receptors. The Fas-Fas ligand pathway has been studied extensively in relation to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, other death pathways are also considered important. TNF related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL), another ligand of the TNF superfamily, induces apoptosis in sensitive cells. OBJECTIVE: To assess soluble (s) TRAIL concentrations in sera of SLE patients. METHODS: 40 SLE patients were studied (20 with active and 20 with inactive disease). Serum sTRAIL concentrations were measured by a solid phase sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Levels in SLE patients were compared with those in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (n = 20), Wegener's granulomatosis (n = 20), and healthy controls (n = 20). RESULTS: Mean (SEM) serum sTRAIL concentration in SLE patients (936.0 (108.2) pg/ml) was higher than in healthy controls (509.4 (33.8) pg/ml; p<0.01) or in disease control patients with rheumatoid arthritis (443.8 (36.1) pg/ml, p<0.001) or Wegener's granulomatosis (357.1 (32.2) pg/ml; p<0.001). The mean serum sTRAIL concentration was 1010.2 (168.0) pg/ml for patients with inactive disease and 861.8 (138.7) pg/ml for those with active disease. sTRAIL values were not correlated with specific manifestations of the disease, such as leucopenia or lymphopenia, or with SLE disease activity index. CONCLUSIONS: Serum sTRAIL concentrations are increased SLE patients. This seems to be disease specific and could indicate a role for TRAIL in SLE pathophysiology.     

Clinical and serological correlates of antinucleosome antibodies in South Africans with systemic lupus erythematosus

Antinucleosome antibodies (AnuA) are increasingly recognized as an important biomarker in the diagnosis and subset stratification of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The aim of the study was to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and clinico-serological correlates of AnuA in black South Africans with SLE. We performed a cross-sectional study of 86 SLE patients attending a tertiary center and 87 control subjects. AnuA were tested using a second-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of AnuA were 45.3, 94.3, 88.6, and 63.6%, respectively. The presence of AnuA were strongly associated with the co-presence of anti-dsDNA antibodies (OR = 3.4, p < 0.0005) and antihistone antibodies (OR = 15.7, p < 0.00001). Patients who were seropositive for AnuA were more likely to have skin involvement (discoid lupus and/or malar rash) and had higher SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) scores and Systemic Lupus International Collaborative Clinics/American College of Rheumatology (SLICC/ACR) damage scores (p < 0.05). IgG anticardiolipin antibody (aCL) levels showed a significant correlation with AnuA ratios (p < 0.01). Our findings provide further evidence that AnuA are a sensitive and specific diagnostic biomarker in SLE. Moreover, our finding that the presence of AnuA, but not anti-dsDNA antibodies, are associated with worse SLICC/ACR damage scores suggest that AnuA may have a role in predicting disease outcome. The correlation between IgG aCL and AnuA is a novel finding that merits further studies to determine possible common peptide specificities of the antibodies.     

Circulating plasma levels of nucleosomes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Correlation with serum antinucleosome antibody titers and absence of clear association with disease activity

Objective. To assess nucleosome plasma levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to study the correlations with serum antinucleosome, anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA), and antihistone antibody activities, as well as with disease activity (by the SLE Disease Activity Index [SLEDAI]). Methods. In a cross-sectional study, we assessed 58 SLE patients for their plasma nucleosome levels. Plasma nucleosome levels as well as serum antinucleosome, anti-double-stranded DNA, and antihistone antibody activities were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. SLE activity was evaluated using the SLEDAI. Results. The mean (± SD) plasma nucleosome concentration in SLE patients was 52 ± 159 ng/ml (range 5–1,180), and was significantly higher than that of the controls (16 ± 8.8 ng/ml, range 8–52; P = 0.03). Thirteen of the 58 lupus patients had levels over the range of normal (defined as the control mean + 3 SD, or 42 ng/ml). An inverse correlation was found between nucleosome plasma levels and serum antinucleosome antibody activity in the entire group of SLE patients, those with active disease, and those with inactive disease, respectively. No correlation was found between the SLEDAI and nucleosome plasma concentrations. Conclusion. Nucleosome plasma levels may be normal or increased in SLE, and found in patients with active or inactive SLE. Longitudinal studies are needed to further establish whether high levels of circulating nucleosomes may predict the occurrence of an SLE flare.     

抗细胞膜DNA抗体的测定及其在系统性红斑狼疮诊断中的意义

目的建立抗细胞膜DNA(mDNA)抗体测定的方法,研究其在系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)诊断中的敏感性和特异性,以及与SLE临床特点及免疫学异常的关系.方法检测SLE患者、疾病对照组和正常对照组血清中的抗mDNA抗体,并分析SLE患者的各种临床表现及实验室指标与抗mDNA抗体的关系.同时研究细胞膜DNA分子在不同细胞表面的表达,用DNA酶、RNA酶及胰酶鉴定抗原性质.结果抗mDNA抗体在SLE中检测敏感性73.3%(152/207),特异性96.4%,疾病对照组阳性率5.4%(9/167),82名正常对照组均为阴性,抗mDNA抗体阳性率在SLE组明显高于疾病对照组和正常对照组(P＜0.01).抗mDNA抗体在其他自身抗体阴性的SLE患者中有较高的检出率,在抗双链DNA(dsDNA)抗体、抗Sm抗体、快速狼疮因子(DNP)、抗组蛋白抗体(AHA)、抗核小体抗体(AnuA)阴性的SLE患者中抗mDNA抗体的阳性率分别是73.8%、62.7%、65.3%、57.8%和51.6%.该抗体阳性组SLE患者皮疹,脱发,关节痛,白细胞和C3、C4减低及IgG、IgA、IgM升高较为常见,但与SLE患者病情活动指数无关.本文还证实细胞膜DNA在人B细胞、T细胞上均有表达,以Raji细胞株表达较好.用DNA酶预处理的细胞涂片再行检测后膜荧光图形消失,而用RNA酶、胰酶预处理后并不消失,证实其为膜DNA抗原.结论抗mDNA抗体是一种诊断敏感性高、特异性强的SLE血清学指标之一,尤其对抗dsDNA、抗Sm、抗DNP、AHA、AnuA阴性的SLE的诊断有参考意义.     

抗细胞膜DNA抗体检测方法的建立及对系统性红斑狼疮诊断价值的临床应用研究

目的 应用间接免疫荧光法(IIF)检测抗细胞膜DNA(cmDNA)抗体,探讨抗cmDNA抗体对系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)的诊断价值.比较以人B淋巴细胞株Raji、人早幼粒白血病细胞株HL60为底物,抗cmDNA抗体在SLE中的检测效果.方法 选取306例SLE患者,192例非SLE疾病对照组,包括脊柱关节病(SPA) 52例,类风湿关节炎(RA) 70例,原发干燥综合征(pSS) 30例,其他结缔组织病(CTD)40例.50名健康志愿者作为对照组.采用IIF法观察培养的人B淋巴细胞株Raji、人早幼粒白血病细胞株HL60的细胞膜的荧光图形;用IIF法检测抗核抗体、抗双链DNA(dsDNA)抗体;联合应用免疫双扩散法和蛋白印迹法检测抗Sm抗体,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法测定抗核小体抗体(AnuA).配对资料比较用McNemarX2检验,相关性分析采用Spearman相关及Logistic回归分析.结果以Raji及HL60 2种细胞株为底物检测SLE患者抗cmDNA抗体,敏感性分别为72.5％、76.1％,特异性分别为91.7％、86.8％,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).抗cmDNA抗体的敏感性明显高于抗Sm抗体及抗dsDNA抗体,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);特异性与抗dsDNA抗体相似(P＞0.05),日低于抗Sm抗体及AnuA(P＜0.01).抗cmDNA抗体分别与抗dsDNA抗体、抗Sm抗体及AnuA联合检测在SLE诊断中的敏感性均明显高于上述自身抗体单独检测,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).抗cmDNA抗体与SLE患者的黏膜溃疡之间有相关性(OR=2.343,P=0.029).抗cmDNA抗体与红细胞沉降率(ESR)有相关性(OR=1.031,P=0.012).抗cmDNA抗体与SLE疾病活动指数(SLEDAI)评分无相关性(r=0.070,P=0.600).本文研究还证实Raji细胞株较HL60细胞株更易复苏、荧光图形亮度更强,表达效果更好.结论 抗cmDNA抗体对SLE诊断的敏感性高,特异性强,可能成为SLE诊断的相对特异性抗体之一.抗cmDNA抗体与抗dsDNA抗体、抗Sm抗体及AnuA联合检测可提高对SLE诊断的敏感性.选择Raji细胞株为底物检测抗cmDNA抗体较HL60细胞株更有优势.     

抗C1q抗体与系统性红斑狼疮疾病活动及狼疮肾炎的关系

目的研究抗C1q抗体与系统性红斑狼疮（systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE）疾病活动及肾损害的相关性。方法使用ELISA法测定93例初诊SLE患者和69例其他风湿性疾病患者及32名健康对照者血清中抗C1q抗体的浓度。同时记录SLE疾病活动指数（systemic lupus erythematosus Disease Activity Index,SLEDAI）、自身抗体和相关实验室指标。结果血清抗C1q抗体、抗dsDNA抗体、抗核小体抗体（anti-nucleosome antibodies,AnuA）,SLE组的阳性率分别为40.9%、62.4%和62.8%。血清抗C1q抗体阳性组患者的肾损害发生率（84.2%）明显高于阴性组（23.6%）。狼疮肾炎（lupus nephritis,LN）患者血清抗C1q抗体浓度（55.36±51.96）RU/ml及阳性率（71.1%）显著高于无肾炎表现的狼疮对照组（12.09±14.46）RU/ml,12.5%。无论患者有无肾损害,狼疮疾病活动患者抗C1q抗体浓度（62.46±50.29）RU/ml及阳性率（85.7%）显著高于疾病稳定的狼疮对照组（8.79±6.42）RU/ml,3.9%。而AnuA和抗dsDNA抗体只在伴有狼疮肾损害的疾病活动组即活动LN的阳性率（87.9%与50.0%）显著高于非活动LN对照组（66.7%与33.3%）。LN组抗C1q抗体、AnuA、抗dsDNA和抗Sm（Smith）抗体阳性率显著高于非LN组（71.1%与12.5%）,（77.8%与47.9%）,（57.8%与25.0%）,（31.1%与10.4%）。SLE疾病活动组抗C1q抗体、AnuA、抗dsDNA阳性率显著高于疾病稳定组（85.7%与3.9%）,（88.1%与41.2%）,（61.9%与17.6%）。活动LN抗C1q抗体、AnuA、抗dsDNA阳性率显著高于非活动LN（93.9%与8.3%）,（87.9%与50.0%）,（66.7%与33.3%）。活动LN组抗C1q抗体、AnuA、抗dsDNA及抗中性粒细胞胞质抗体（ANCA）阳性率显著高于其他SLE组（93.9%与13.1%）,（87.9%与48.3%）,（66.7%与26.7%）,（43.5%与8.5%）。结论血清抗C1q抗体能够反映SLE的疾病活动,并与SLE肾损害相关,是对活动性LN敏感的自身抗体。     

Anti‐nucleosome antibodies as a disease activity marker in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Aim: To measure the level of anti‐nucleosome antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, to determine the sensitivity and the specificity of these antibodies in the diagnosis of the disease and to evaluate the relationship between the levels of anti‐nucleosome antibodies, anti‐dsDNA (double‐stranded DNA) and SLE disease activity. Methods: A cross‐sectional study was conducted. All patients attended either a medical specialist clinic or were admitted to the medical wards of Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia with the diagnosis of SLE (n = 90), other connective tissue diseases (n = 45) or were normal controls (n = 90) within the period from July 2004 until September 2005. They were tested for anti‐nucleosome antibodies by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and anti‐DNA antibodies by immunofluorescence. SLE disease activity was evaluated by SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) score. Results: Out of 90 SLE patients, anti‐nucleosome antibodies were positive in 47 (52.2%) patients, whereas these antibodies were positive in three (6.7%) patients with other connective tissue diseases. Anti‐dsDNA antibodies were positive in 33 (36.7%) SLE patients, whereas these antibodies were positive in four (8.9%) patients with other connective tissue diseases. Anti‐nucleosome antibodies were positive in 40 (97.6%) patients with active SLE, whereas these antibodies were positive in seven (14.3%) patients with inactive SLE. Anti‐nucleosome antibodies had a stronger correlation than anti‐dsDNA antibodies with SLEDAI score. There was a significant association between anti‐nucleosome antibodies and disease activity. Conclusion: Anti‐nucleosome antibodies test is highly sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of SLE, especially when the anti‐dsDNA antibodies are absent. They are additional disease activity markers in the assessment of SLE disease activity.     

抗细胞膜DNA抗体对系统性红斑狼疮的诊断价值及与其他抗体联合检测的意义

目的 探讨抗细胞膜DNA(mDNA)抗体在系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者的表达以及该特异性抗体对SLE患者的诊断价值及与其他抗体联合检测的意义.方法 用间接免疫荧光法观察培养的HL60细胞的特异性细胞膜的荧光图形,以细胞周连续的环状荧光为抗mDNA抗体阳性.同时检测SLE的其他常见抗体,采用pearsonχ~2检验进行统计学处理.结果 抗mDNA抗体在205例SLE患者中有145例阳性,阳性率70.7%,在55例类风湿关节炎(RA)患者中5例阳性,阳性率为9.1%,45例原发性干燥综合征(pSS)患者中10例阳性,阳性率为22.2%,35例皮肌炎/多肌炎(PM/DM)患者中4例阳性,阳性率14.3%,50名健康对照组中均为阴性.抗mDNA抗体对SLE诊断的敏感性为70.7%,特异性为86.7%.抗mDNA抗体阳性+抗核抗体(ANA)阳性联合检测的敏感性94.6%,特异性76.7%;抗mDNA抗体阳性+抗双链DNA(dsDNA)抗体阳性联合检测的敏感性76.8%,特异性95.5%;抗mDNA抗体阳性+抗Sm抗体阳性联合检测的敏感性79.6%,特异性100%;抗mDNA抗体阳性+抗核小体抗体(AnuA)阳性联合检测的敏感性93.0%,特异性100%.结论 抗mDNA抗体是一种诊断SLE的新的标记抗体,其敏感性较高,特异性强,较抗dsDNA抗体、抗Sm抗体检测更先进.与SLE常用其他抗体联合检测可进一步提高敏感性和特异性.