糖耐量异常的老年男性冠心病患者冠状动脉病变特征

目的探讨糖耐量异常的老年男性冠心病(CAD)患者的冠状动脉病变特征。方法将114例老年男性CAD患者,根据血糖水平分为血糖正常组(NGT组)、糖耐量异常组(IGT组)、糖尿病组(DM组)。分析三组患者空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、血脂代谢及冠状动脉造影结果,并将其进行统计学处理。结果患者糖耐量结果显示,DM组和IGT组的FPG、PPG、HbA1c水平明显高于NGT组(P0.05);血脂代谢结果显示,三组患者的甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)无显著差异(P0.05);三组患者年龄、吸烟史、高血压病史、体重指数(BMI)相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。DM组和IGT组冠状动脉多支病变发生率明显高于NGT组(P0.05);DM组冠状动脉弥漫性病变患病率明显高于IGT和NGT组(P0.05,P0.01);DM组和IGT组冠状动脉重度狭窄、完全闭塞性患病率明显高于NGT组(P0.05)。结论 IGT的老年男性CAD患者其冠状动脉病变特征以更为严重、多支、弥漫性病变为主。     

糖耐量异常或糖尿病合并冠心病患者的冠脉病变分析

目的 分析糖耐量异常(IGT)或糖尿病(DM)合并冠心病患者冠脉病变的特点.方法 选取32例DM合并冠心病患者为DM组,40例IGT合并冠心病患者为IGT组以及82例单纯冠心病患者为NGT组,比较三组患者一般情况,血糖血脂代谢水平,冠脉血管病变数量以及影像学评分.结果 DM组与IGT组发病年龄显著低于NGT组(p＜0.05),DM组与IGT组存在不同水平的糖、脂代谢紊乱,且DM患者血糖、血脂水平均高于IGT患者.DM合并冠心病患者冠脉血管累及支数较多且狭窄较为严重,IGT次之,NGT一般累及单支血管,且狭窄程度较轻.随访1年期间急性冠脉事件发生率,DM组显著高于另外两组(P ＜0.05),IGT组高于NGT组(P＜0.05).结论 DM或IGT患者管脉病变较单纯冠心病患者更复杂,严重,对这类患者的代谢紊乱应积极进行治疗,包括控制血糖,降低胰岛素抵抗等.     

老年糖耐量受损人群合并代谢异常及其转归分析

目的分析老年糖耐量受损(IGT)人群合并代谢异常的情况及其转归。方法对象为1996年至2002年间健康体检诊断IGT的老年人群。方法:行75 g口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)、血脂、血尿酸、尿白蛋白排泄率等指标的测定,每二年随访一次。结果对1 059例IGT患者8年的随访中,222例转变为糖尿病(DM,21.0%),47例转变为糖耐量正常(NGT,4.4%),790例仍为IGT(74.6%)。NGT组、IGT组和DM组在基线状态下的体重指数(BMI)、收缩压、负荷后血糖(餐后2h血糖、OGTT1 h和2 h血糖)均逐组增高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。基线状态时代谢异常项目越多者转变为DM的比率越高。Logistic多元回归分析显示仅负荷后血糖对IGT的转归具有独立影响。结论负荷后血糖指标是决定老年IGT人群转归的独立危险因素,合并多项代谢异常也是增加老年IGT患者向DM转化的重要因素。     

不同糖耐量冠心病患者炎症因子水平与动脉硬化程度及胰岛素抵抗的研究

目的 探讨不同糖耐量水平及炎症因子对动脉粥样硬化(AS)形成的影响.方法 选择2004年5月-2006年5月该院住院患者,经冠状动脉造影确诊为冠心病患者300例,均进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT),分为糖耐量正常(NGT)组、单纯空腹血糖受损(IFG)组、单纯糖耐量受损(IGT)组、空腹血糖受损合并糖耐量受损(IFG/IGT组)、糖尿病(DM)组5组,均测血清超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、空腹血糖(FPG),血胰岛素(INS)、胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C),用Fridewald 公式计算低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C).口服75 g葡萄粉0.5和2 h后测血糖、血INS,计算胰岛素敏感指数(ISI)、△I30/△G30、李氏B细胞胰岛素分泌指数(MBCI);同时对5组冠脉造影结果进行分析.结果 体重指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、TG、TC、LDL-C在5组中依次升高,HDL-C在5组中依次降低,IFG组、IGT组、IFG/IGT组、DM组4组BMI、WHR、SBP、DBP、TG、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C与NGT组比较差异显著.IGT组、IFG/IGT组、DM组SBP、DBP、TG、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C与IFG组比较差别显著.IFG组、IGT组、IFG/IGT组、DM组的FPG 0.5、1 h、空腹血胰岛素(Fins)、0.5 hINS、ISI、△I30/△G30与NGT组比较差别显著;IGT组、IFG/IGT组、DM组3组PBG2h明显高于IFG组;IGT组、IFG/IGT组两组2 hINS水平明显高于IFG组;IGT组、IFG/IGT组、DM组3组李氏B细胞胰岛素分泌指数(MBCI)明显低于NGT组和IFG组,NGT组和IFG组两组MBCI差别不显著.IGT组、IFG/IGT组、DM组3组hs-CRP、IL-6、TNF-α明显高于NGT组,IFG组与NGT组差别无统计学意义.IGT组、IFG/IGT组、DM组3组冠状动脉1支病变发生率明显低于NGT组和IFG组;IGT组、IFG/IGT组、DM组3组2支病变和3支病变发生率明显高于NGT组和IFG组,NGT组和IFG组冠状动脉病变发生率差别不显著.结论 炎症反应参与了从FPG异常、糖耐量异常到DM的发展过程.冠心病合并IGT、IFG/IGT、DM时较合并NGT和IFG者有更严重的冠状动脉病变发生率.     

胰岛素抵抗对非ST段抬高急性冠脉综合征患者的影响

目的　探讨胰岛素抵抗 (IR)对老年非ST段抬高急性冠脉综合征 (ACS)患者临床表现的影响。 方法　 70例老年非ST段抬高的ACS患者 ,分为血糖正常 (NGT)组、糖耐量低减 (IGT)组及糖尿病 (DM )组。所有患者详细询问病史 ,检测血肌钙蛋白 (CTnT)、血糖、血脂、空腹血胰岛素等 ,计算胰岛素敏感性指数 (IAI)。冠脉病变用冠状动脉造影 (CAG)分析 ,心功能用超声心动图测左室射血分数 (LVEF)评定。　 结果　IGT组与DM组间除空腹血糖及餐后 2h血糖、IAI有显著差异外 (P <0 0 1) ,其他均无显著差异 ;IGT组及DM组 (IR相对严重组 )与NGT组 (IR相对较轻组 )比较 :多支冠脉病变的发生率 (71 4%、67 7%比 2 5 0 % )、冠脉远端病变率 (4 2 9%、42 9%比 14 3 % )、心功能减退 (71 4%、76 2 %比 3 2 1% )、3 0d内心脏事件发生率 (3 3 3 %、2 8 6%比 3 6% )、CTnT阳性率 (4 7 6%、5 7 1%比 2 5 0 % ) ,均有显著差异 (P <0 0 1) ,而IGT与DM组间各项均无显著差异。　 结论 　IR相对较重患者多支病变的发生率明显升高 ,病变多呈弥漫性 ,远端血管病变发生率高 ,CTnT阳性率高 ,心功能较差 ,预后不良。     

老年冠心病合并糖耐量减低患者不同血糖水平与冠状动脉病变的研究

目的探讨老年冠心病合并糖耐量减低患者不同血糖水平与冠状动脉病变的相关性。方法回顾分析经冠状动脉造影确诊冠心病的老年患者212例临床资料,根据口服葡萄糖耐量试验结果分为糖耐量正常(NGT)组64例,糖耐量减低(IGT)患者148例,又根据餐后2h血糖水平分为IGT1组50例,IGT2组58例和IGT3组40例,比较各组的冠状动脉病变支数、弥漫性病变状况以及冠状动脉病变Gensini总积分。结果与NGT组比较,IGT1组、IGT2组、IGT3组LDL-C水平、弥漫性病变比例、Gensini积分明显升高(P<0.05);IGT1组、IGT3组双支病变比例明显升高,IGT2组双支病变比例明显下降(P<0.05)。冠状动脉Gensini积分与餐后2h血糖呈正相关(r=0.512,P<0.05)。结论 IGT加重了冠状动脉病变程度。餐后2h血糖升高的患者是动脉粥样硬化的高危人群,对于此类人群应及时早期干预、治疗。     

不同糖耐量个体外周血的白细胞计数与糖脂代谢指标的相关研究

选取糖耐量正常(NGT)者、糖耐量受损(IGT)者、糖尿病(DM)患者各40例,测量身高、体重、血压、血常规、血糖、血脂,比较各组白细胞计数的变化,并分析白细胞计数与糖脂代谢指标的相关性。结果IGT组的白细胞计数较NGT组的明显升高,差异有统计学差异(P<0.05),DM组的白细胞计数较IGT组的明显升高,差异有统计学差异(P<0.05);白细胞计数与餐后2小时血糖(2h PG)和糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)呈正相关(r=,P<0.05)。结论白细胞计数与糖脂代谢状态密切相关。     

老年急性冠脉综合征患者糖耐量试验临床分析

目的探讨老年急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者伴糖耐量异常(IGT)及糖尿病的临床特征及冠状动脉病变特点。方法对120例老年ACS患者的临床特征及冠状动脉造影资料进行分析,其中OGTT结果正常者(A组)18例,合并IGT(B组)66例,合并糖尿病(C组)36例,3组间进行对比分析。结果 C组和B组高血压、血脂异常、心衰、多支病变发生率、弥漫性狭窄、侧支循环发生率高于A组,C组与B组无明显差异。结论 IGT及糖尿病合并ACS老年患者多合并高血压、高脂血症、心衰、多支病变、弥漫性病变及侧支循环形成,此类病人即便空腹血糖不高,也应常规行葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT),以便及早采取措施,有效防治冠心病。     

急性冠脉综合征糖代谢异常与冠脉病变程度和近期预后的关系

目的:探讨急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者的糖代谢异常与冠脉病变程度和近期预后的相关性。方法:入选ACS并行冠脉造影患者450例,对其冠脉病变进行Gensini评分。根据糖尿病病史和口服糖耐量试验结果分为4组:血糖正常组140例;空腹血糖受损(IFG)组90例;糖耐量受损(IGT)组95例;糖尿病(DM)组125例。观察1个月内各组临床事件发生情况。结果:IGT组和DM组的Gensini评分(63.63±29.43和65.63±28.41)显著高于血糖正常组(47.76±26.54),但IFG组(50.34±27.43)与血糖正常组无差异。口服糖耐量试验2h血糖水平与Gensini评分正相关(r=0.367,P=0.046)。与血糖正常组相比,DM组和IGT组的临床事件(34.3%对60.8%和64.2%,P均<0.01)和全因死亡发生率(6.43%对15.2%和15.78%,P均<0.05)显著增高,但与IFG组无差异。结论:与DM相似,ACS患者合并IGT可能与冠脉病变程度有关,且近期预后较差。     

不同糖耐量水平者的血管内皮功能的研究

目的 观察不同糖耐量水平者的血管内皮功能的变化.方法 86例受试者根据糖耐量分三组:正常糖耐量(NGT)组27例,糖耐量减退(IGT)组31例,糖尿病(DM)组28例.采集空腹静脉血测血脂(TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C)、血糖(FPG)及胰岛素(INS)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)、高敏C.反应蛋白(hs.CRP)、血管性血友病因子(vWF)等,并行OGTT2小时后采静脉血测血糖(2hPG)及胰岛素(2 hINS);应用高分辨率超声检测肱动脉内皮依赖的舒张功能(EDD).结果 DM组的2 hPG、2 hINS、HbAlc、hs.CRP、vWF较NGT组及IGT组明显升高(P＜0.01),DM组的肱动脉EDD较NGT组及IGT组明显减低(P＜0.01);IGT组的2 hPG、2 bINS、hs-CRP、vWF较NGT组明显升高(P＜0.05-0.01),IGT组的肱动脉EDD较NGT组明显减低(P＜0.01).多因素逐步回归分析显示:EDD与2 hPG,HbAlc,2 MNS及hs-CRP明显负相关(r分别为-0.67、-0.56、-0.52、-0.49,均P＜0.01).结论 IGT存在血管内皮功能受损,DM血管内皮功能受损更严重.餐后血糖对血管内皮功能损害尤为明显.     

急性冠脉综合征并糖耐量异常临床特征及冠脉病变特点

急性冠脉综合征(acute coronary syndrome,ACS)包括不稳定型心绞痛、非ST段抬高性心肌梗死和ST段抬高性心肌梗死,是老年人中的常见病。流行病学资料表明,美国>65岁老年人占总人口的12·6%,但是,占急性心肌梗死住院病人的60%以上,其病死者中80%以上为>65岁老年人[1]。增龄是急性     

冠心病患者的糖代谢异常分析

目的探讨冠心病患者血糖代谢异常的发生率以及糖代谢异常对心血管事件发生和影响预后的可能机制。方法选择病情稳定的冠心病(NACS)患者和急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者各110例。抽取静脉血检查空腹血糖(FBG)和餐后2小时血糖(2hPG),若其中任何1项异常,则进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)。根据血糖结果分为糖代谢正常组和糖代谢异常组(包括糖耐量异常组和糖尿病组)。同时行丙二醛(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)测定。结果糖代谢异常发生率在NACS和ACS患者中分别占44.54%和63.64%。无论NACS患者或ACS患者,糖代谢异常组的MDA升高和SOD降低与糖代谢正常组比较差异均有显著性;合并糖尿病和合并糖耐量异常的患者组间MDA及SOD水平比较,差异无显著性。结论糖代谢异常在冠心病患者中发生率较高,其中新识别糖代谢异常需要行OGTT检查;合并糖代谢异常的冠心病患者脂质过氧化程度高;合并糖耐量异常与合并糖尿病一样,对冠心病患者有相等程度的氧化应激。     

糖耐量异常急性冠状动脉综合征患者血清sCD40L水平与sICAM-1的相关性分析

目的:探讨急性冠状动脉(冠脉)综合征患者在小同糖耐量状态下,血清sCD40L水平与sICAM-1 变化的相关性.方法:入选急性冠脉综合征患者148例,根据OGTT试验结果分为3组:糖耐量正常组、糖耐量减低组和糖尿病组,3组均于入院时即行酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测血清sCD40L和sICAM-1的水平.结果:3...     

急性冠脉综合征合并2型糖尿病患者脂联素水平观察

目的:探讨急性冠脉综合征(ACS)合并2型糖尿病(T2DM)或糖耐量异常(IGT)时血清脂联素(APN)水平及与血脂、胰岛素抵抗的关系.方法:将40例ACS患者分为3组,单纯ACS组,ACS合并T2DM组,AGT组,并以16例正常者作为对照测定空腹血糖(FBG)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、体重指数(BMI)、血清脂联素(APN)、胰岛素(FINS)、胰岛素抵抗(IR).结果:ACS合并T2DM组、合并IGT组、单纯ACS组的APN水平均明显低于NC组(P均＜0.01),且合并T2DM组的APN水平也明显低于单纯ACS组(P＜0.01),合并T2DM组与合并IGT组间APN水平没有明显差异,合并IGT组与单纯ACS组间亦无明显差异;校正FBG、FINS和IR后,APN与LDL-C负相关(γ=-0.322,P＜0.05),与HDL-C正相关(γ=0.330,P＜0.05),校正TG、HDL-C、LDL-C后,APN与FBG、FINS、IR负相关(γ分别为-0.270,-0.238,-0.257,P均＜0.05).结论:APN与调节血脂、抗动脉粥样硬化、改善胰岛素抵抗有关.     

Impact of abnormal glucose tolerance, hypertension and other risk factors on coronary artery disease.

BACKGROUND: The degree to which abnormal glucose tolerance contributes to the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been clarified in Japanese. The relationship between abnormal glucose tolerance and severity of coronary artery stenosis, as well as the contributions of hypertension, diabetes and other risk factors for CAD to recurrence of the disease, were investigated in the present study. METHODS AND RESULTS: The subjects were 474 consecutive patients (mean age: 63.8+/-11.3 years) with suspected CAD who were admitted to Sapporo Medical University Hospital during April 1, 1997 to March 31, 2004. The coronary index and stenosis score were higher in subjects with diabetes mellitus (DM) and in subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) than in subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Ischemic episodes recurred during the observation period (mean 2.5 years) in 61 of 341 patients diagnosed as having CAD. In the follow-up subjects, systolic blood pressure (SBP) was significantly higher in the recurrence group than in the non-recurrence group, and SBP was a significant variable in logistic regression analysis after adjustment for age, gender, hemoglobin A1c, total cholesterol, body mass index, smoking history, family history and stenosis score. The relative risk of recurrence became 1.7-fold higher with a rise in SBP of 10 mmHg (95% confidence interval: 1.252-2.250). Analysis of the relationship between glucose tolerance and recurrence showed that the rate of recurrence was higher in patients with IFG+IGT+DM than in those with NGT. CONCLUSIONS: CAD progresses not only in patients with DM but also in those with IGT. The rate of recurrence of ischemic episodes increases in individuals with IGT or DM, and suggesting that hypertension is a risk factor for recurrence of ischemic episodes. Management of glucose tolerance and blood pressure is therefore important for prevention of CAD in Japanese.     

Blood pressure increase with impaired glucose tolerance in young adult american blacks

Hypertension and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus are more prevalent in blacks than whites. The convergence of these 2 disorders augments the expression and severity of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to determine whether alterations in glucose metabolism are related to an increase in blood pressure (BP). This study was conducted on 304 nondiabetic blacks (mean age=32 years). Measurements in all subjects included BP, anthropometric measures, oral glucose tolerance test, insulin clamp to measure insulin sensitivity, and plasma lipids. The sample was stratified according to plasma glucose on oral glucose tolerance test to normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and diabetes mellitus (DM). A 2-way ANOVA was performed to determine differences between the metabolic groups. With the use of American Diabetic Association criteria, 20.4% of the samples were classified as IGT and 5.9% were diabetic. A significant increase in BP existed from NGT to IGT to DM, which was stronger in women than men (systolic blood pressure in women: NGT=122, IGT=127, and DM=140 mm Hg, P<0.001) with a significant linear trend (P<0.001). With the use of body mass index as a covariate, the group difference in BP remained significant (P=0.006). Measures of insulin sensitivity demonstrated significant metabolic group differences (P<0.001) with a linear trend (P<0.001) of decreasing insulin sensitivity from NGT to DM. These results indicate that early alterations in glucose metabolism effects an upward shift in BP. The higher BP in IGT and DM may be due to vascular endothelial cell resistance to insulin action.     

Independent predictors of the severity of angiographic coronary atherosclerosis: the lack of association between impaired glucose tolerance and stenosis severity

Independent predictors of the severity of coronary atherosclerosis are ill defined. We sought to determine the predictors and examine the association of impaired glucose tolerance with stenosis severity. Four hundred thirty-seven patients were studied who underwent coronary angiography for suspected coronary artery disease. Serum concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and apolipoproteins (Apo A-I and Apo B) were measured and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) concentration was calculated. Except the patients treated for diabetes mellitus (DM), patients were classified into three groups such as normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and DM by glucose tolerance test. Coronary atherosclerosis index (CAI) representing the severity of coronary atherosclerosis was determined by summation of the stenosis score of all lesions on coronary angiograms. Results indicated that age, total amount of cigarettes smoked, Apo B/Apo A-I, and LDLc/HDLc correlated with CAI, whereas HDLc and Apo A-I concentrations inversely correlated with CAI. TC, TG, Lp(a), LDLc, Apo B concentrations and body mass index did not correlate with CAI. One- and two-hour plasma glucose concentrations and the area of plasma glucose concentration under the curve at the glucose tolerance test did not correlate with CAI, revealing that post-challenge glycemia is not associated with stenosis severity. CAI in IGT patients was significantly lower than that in DM patients but did not differ from that in NGT patients, indicating that IGT does not affect the stenosis severity. Multivariate analysis showed that age, male gender, Apo B/Apo A-I, DM, systemic hypertension, and total amount of cigarettes smoked were independent predictors of CAI.