扩张兔皮肤超微结构的变化

目的：动态观察扩张兔皮肤超微结构的变化。方法：选用2--3kg新西兰大白兔64只，分为2大组，快速扩张组和常规扩张组，每组32只，每大组再分为4组，为扩张完成后即时、1周、12周、24周组。每组8只，其中4只为实验组，另4只植入扩张器不扩张作为对照组。透射电子显微镜观察各组皮肤超微结构的变化。结果：表皮扩张后经历--由扩张刺激引起的创伤至完全修复的过程。扩张后即时真皮中成纤维细胞大量增生，功能由静止转向活跃，胶原纤维碎裂成片，弹力纤维部分断裂，炎症细胞浸润；扩张后1周常规扩张组基底膜连续性基本恢复。显示成纤维细胞合成功能活跃。扩张后12周、24周，成纤维细胞趋于稳定、形态狭长，部分胶原排列紊乱，部分有似癜痕样改变。结论：扩张刺激可致兔皮肤创伤。扩张后真皮不可完全修复。     

扩张兔皮肤转化生长因子β1的变化

目的：观察扩张兔皮肤转化生长因子β1的变化规律。方法：选用2～3kg新西兰大白兔64只分为2大组，快速扩张组和常规扩张组，每组32只，每大组再分为4组，为扩张完成后即时、1周、12周、24周组，每组8只，其中4只为实验组，另4只植入扩张器不扩张作为对照组。用免疫组化和原位杂交法观察扩张后即时，1周，12周，24周皮肤中转化生长因子β1的变化。结果：扩张后皮肤中转化生长因子β1的表达明显增多，快速扩张组较常规扩张组程度严重，2种方法结果一致。结论：扩张刺激造成皮肤损伤，快速扩张组比常规扩张组严重。转化生长因子β1在修复过程中起重要作用。     

扩张兔皮肤肌动蛋白、肌球蛋白和α-平滑肌肌动蛋白的变化

目的：了解兔皮肤扩张后皮肤肌动蛋白(actin)、肌球蛋白(myosin)和α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)的变化。方法：选用2--3kg新西兰大白兔64只分为2大组，快速扩张组和常规扩张组。每组32只，每大组再分为4组。为扩张完成后即时、1周、12周、24周组，每组8只，其中4只为实验组，另4只植入扩张器不扩张作为对照组。通过免疫组织化学和原位杂交的方法观察扩张后即时、1周、12周、24周皮肤中actin、myosin、α-SMA的变化。结果：扩张后兔皮肤中的actin、α-SMA阳性细胞数明显增多，快速扩张组与常规扩张组各时段比较差异有统计学意义。myosin快速扩张与常规扩张组差异无统计学意义。免疫组化和原位杂交的结果相同。结论：扩张刺激可使成纤维细胞转化为肌成纤维细胞；快速扩张组α-SMA阳性细胞高于常规扩张组可能是扩张越快挛缩越严重的理论基础。     

扩张兔皮肤透明质酸含量的变化

目的：动态观察扩张刺激后兔头部皮肤透明质酸含量的变化。方法：选用2--3kg新西兰大白兔64只分为2大组，快速扩张组和常规扩张组，每组32只，每大组再分为4组，为扩张完成后即时、1周、12周、24周组，每组8只，其中4只为实验组，另4只植入扩张器不扩张作为对照组。通过放射免疫的方法测定扩张后即时、1周、12周、24周真皮透明质酸的含量。结果：扩张刺激使透明质酸含量增高，后渐下降。快速扩张组和常规扩张组透明质酸含量差异有统计学意义。结论：HA协同胶原蛋白成为扩张后皮肤挛缩的细胞外因素之一。     

扩张兔皮肤Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原的变化

目的：探讨兔皮肤扩张后皮肤Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原的改变。方法：选用2～3kg新西兰大白兔64只分为2大组，快速扩张组和常规扩张组，每组32只，每大组再分为4组，为扩张完成后即时、1周、12周、24周组，每组8只，其中4只为实验组，另4只植入扩张器不扩张作为对照组。通过免疫组化的方法观察扩张后即时，1，12，24周真皮中胶原含量、Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原比例的变化。结果：扩张后即时Ⅰ型胶原染色的基底膜连续性破坏。排列无规律，多呈碎片状。胶原束间隙增大、Ⅲ胶原合成增加，快速扩张组比常规扩张组明显；后期胶原纤维重叠。结论：胶原Ⅰ、Ⅲ是扩张后皮肤的挛缩的直接原因之一。     

皮肤软组织快速扩张的实验研究

皮肤软组织快速扩张的实验研究范志宏，等。中华整形烧伤外科杂志１９９５；１１（５）：３７５以白色乳猪为实验动物，分为常规扩张组（ＣＥＧ），快速扩张组（ＲＥＧ）和对照组（ＣＯＮ）。在囊内压及皮肤血流的监测下定期扩张。扩张结束后分别进行皮肤血流动力学、物理...     

组织扩张术囊上皮肤来源,扩张率和回缩率研究

目的 探讨恒压持纪快速扩张的可行性。方法 用白色小家猪１２只（１７．５±２．７１ｋｇ）、长方形硅胶扩张器（１８０ｍｌ）２４只作持续快速扩张术（ＣＴＥ）和常规间断扩张术（ＩＴＥ）对比研究。结果 ＣＴＥ组６天完成扩张，ＩＴＥ组２７天完成扩张，两组扩张囊内平均实际液体量、扩张囊外皮肤总面积和皮肤回缩率相同（Ｐ〉０．０５）。ＣＴＥ组的皮肤净增面积和皮肤组织扩张率小于ＩＴＥ组（Ｐ〈０．０１）。ＣＴＥ组皮肤移     

组织扩张术皮肤胶原的代谢改变

目的：研究常规扩张（ＩＴＥ）和持续快速扩张（ＣＴＥ）对皮肤胶原代谢的影响。方法用白色小家猪制作组织扩张术动物模型，用Ｇｏｒｄｅｌａｄｚｅ法测定血清和扩张组织的羟脯氨酸（ＨＰ）含量，藻酸盐印模材膜片法测量标记区面积；光镜测量真皮厚度。结果：ＩＴＥ组血清ＨＰ含量升高，０．８倍，ＣＴＥ组升高１．２倍，ＩＴＥ和ＣＴＥ组皮肤含量与正常皮肤相同，组织中ＨＰ总量均明显升高，持续扩张皮瓣组（ＣＴＥＦ）术后４ｗｋ皮     

皮肤软组织扩张改进方法的临床应用

目的 :寻找一种最佳的皮肤软组织扩张新方法。方法 :实验分联合法 (将术中即时循环过量扩张与术后快速循环过量扩张相结合的扩张方法 )和常规扩张法 (按传统的常规扩张方法 )。各实验组在检测囊内压的情况下定期扩张 ,于每次扩张前观察囊内压的改变及扩张毕扩张器容量的变化 ,将联合法应用于临床 ,并与常规法比较。结果 :①两组扩张总容量间差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。②与常规扩张组比较 ,联合扩张组耳部、头部扩张疼痛计分明显降低 (P <0 .0 1及P <0 .0 5 )。③与常规扩张组比较 ,联合扩张组耳部、头部扩张后疼痛持续时间明显降低(P <0 .0 1及P <0 .0 5 )。临床应用联合扩张方法 4 2例和常规扩张方法 4 0例 ,证明前者明显优越于后者。结论 :联合性快速皮肤扩张法在缩短扩张时间的情况下 ,仍能安全有效的扩张 ,且对扩张皮肤结构无明显损害 ,值得在临床上推广应用     

活性氧簇诱导硬皮病小鼠模型时效性的基础研究

目的应用活性氧簇(ROS)成分次氯酸(HCl O)构建硬皮病小鼠动物模型,观察其皮肤纤维化和肺间质病变发生的时效特点。方法 36只6周龄雌性Balb/c小鼠随机平均分至造模组和对照组。造模组随机分3组,每组6只,分别予小鼠背部中央区皮肤皮下注射HCl O 300μl,每日1次,分别持续4、5和6周;对照组随机分3组,每组6只,注射等量PBS,1次/日,分别持续4、5和6周。注射时间结束2周后处死小鼠,取注射部位周围、腹部皮肤及小鼠肺组织进行HE染色和Masson染色,镜下观察和测定各组皮肤厚度、胶原纤维含量,新鲜皮肤组织测定羟脯氨酸含量。结果 3组对照组(4、5、6周)小鼠背部和腹部皮肤均未出现表真皮层增厚和弹性降低,3组间皮肤厚度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与对照组相比,连续注射4周HCl O的造模组小鼠背部均出现弥漫增厚,弹性降低,真皮层明显增厚,腹部皮肤真皮层有所增厚;连续注射6周HCl O的小鼠皮肤厚度较4周显著增加(P<0.05),胶原纤维增粗更加明显,并伴有纤维断裂,真皮层炎性细胞浸润,真皮血管壁增厚甚至闭塞。与对照组相比,连续注射4周的造模组小鼠未见明显肺间质病变,而6周造模肺组织出现肺泡间隔增厚,其间成纤维细胞增生,小血管壁增厚等纤维化表现。3组对照组(4、5、6周)小鼠之间背部皮肤的Masson染色胶原纤维组织化学指数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与对照组相比,造模组背部皮肤的Masson染色胶原纤维组织化学指数升高,(P<0.05),且6周造模组的表达水平高于4周造模组,(P<0.05)。3组对照组(4、5、6周)小鼠之间背部皮肤的羟脯氨酸含量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与对照组相比,造模组背部皮肤的羟脯氨酸含量升高(P<0.05),且6周造模组的表达水平高于4周造模组,(P<0.05)。结论ROS构建的硬皮病小鼠动物模型随诱导时间的延长可出现注射区域外皮肤弥漫纤维化和硬皮病肺间质病变,该模型更加符合硬皮病皮肤和肺部病理改变特点。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.