老年人握力重测的信度研究

目的研究老年人握力重测的信度,为临床用于评估老年人手部力量的方式、方法提供实验依据。方法采用方便性抽样法选取60名年龄大于65岁的健康老年人,平均年龄为(75.18±6.58)岁。使用JAMAR 30107041型握力器,受试者左、右两手均分别测试握力2次,2次测试间隔时间为7d;以等级相关系数(interclass correlation coefficient,ICC)作为重测信度指标并行统计学分析。结果老年人左手与右手两侧握力重测结果均高度相关,且重复测试信度较高(ICC分别为0.932 6、0.930 8,95%CI分别为0.834 0～0.972 0、0.838 0～0.972 8)。结论健康增龄老年人握力重测信度较高,JAMAR30107041型握力器可作为老年人手部力量评定的简便、快捷、可靠的一种测量工具。     

长期卧床高龄老年人握力的重测信度

目的 探讨长期卧床80岁以上高龄老年人握力的重测信度.方法 对20例卧床时间超过1年的80岁以上老年人取卧姿,采用JAMAR握力器分别测试其左、右手的握力.第1次测试结束7 d后,在同一时间段由同一测试者重复测试1次.结果 左于握力和右手握力的组内相关系数(ICC)分别为0.985和0.970.结论 长期卧床高龄老年人的握力测试具有较高的重测信度.     

80岁以上长期卧床患者握力与营养状况的关系

目的探讨评估长期卧床的80岁以上老人营养状况的简便、有效的方法。方法采集22例卧床时间〉1年的80岁以上患者的空腹静脉血,检测白蛋白和血红蛋白水平,并采用JAMAR握力器分别测试其左、右手的握力。结果本组高龄老年人左、右手握力与白蛋白水平均呈正相关（r=0．439,r=0．424,P〈0．05）,与年龄和血红蛋白无相关性。结论长期卧床的高龄患者握力与其营养状态有显著相关性,可采用握力测试其营养状态。     

健康青年握力与人体计量资料的相关性

目的探讨健康青年的握力与人体计量资料的相关性。方法采集32名右利手健康青年的年龄、身高、体重、前臂长、前臂围、手长、手宽和掌厚等人体计量资料,用Dynamometer G100型握力器测试右手握力。结果所有受试者的握力与除年龄(r=-0.009)以外的人体计量资料均有明显相关性(r=0.479～0.754,PP<0.01),且与手长和手宽的相关性更密切(r=0.850,P<0.01)。逐步回归分析结果显示手长和手宽是握力主要预测因素(R²=0.723)。结论健康青年的握力与手部的人体计量资料密切相关,其中手长和手宽可以较好地预测握力大小。     

中老年2型糖尿病患者握力与人体测量指标及血清蛋白含量的相关性研究

目的观察中老年2型糖尿病患者的手部握力与身高、体质量、体质量指数(BMI)、腰围及血清白蛋白、总蛋白的相关关系,探讨握力在评价中老年2型糖尿病患者营养状况中的作用。方法随机选取451名年龄≥40岁的2型糖尿病患者,分别测量其身高、体质量、腰围及左右手握力,并计算BMI,同时抽取早晨空腹血样检验血清白蛋白和总蛋白的含量,分析握力与身高、体质量、BMI、腰围及血清白蛋白、总蛋白的相关关系。结果中老年2型糖尿病患者左、右手握力与身高、体质量、BMI、腰围及血清白蛋白的含量呈正相关(P0.01,P0.05),右手握力与总蛋白含量呈正相关(P0.05),而左手握力与总蛋白含量的相关性无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论中老年2型糖尿病患者握力可以作为一种评估中老年2型糖尿病患者营养状况的初筛手段。     

握力测试影响因素的研究进展

通过综述国内外关于握力测试的研究报道,发现测量工具、种族、年龄、性别、形态学参数、利手、职业、握宽、身体姿势和心理学因素均会影响测试结果的输出。握力研究应充分考虑上述影响因素。     

高原地区健康成人6分钟步行测试距离及其与握力的关系

目的 观察高原地区健康成人6分钟步行测试（6MWT）距离水平以及与握力之间的关系。 方法 选取2015年11月至2016年2月在海拔2700m高原地区居住和生活且符合纳入标准的健康成人55例，其中男39例，女16例。调查其一般资料，对所有受试者进行6MWT距离和握力测试，并采用Pearson相关性检验分析握力与年龄以及6MWT与握力的相关关系。 结果 按性别进行分类后，男性6MWT距离为（569.0±41.8）m，显著大于女性的（500.7±42.7）m，差异有统计学意义（t=5.47，P<0.01）。受试者平均握力水平为（355.4±74.6）N，经统计学分析发现，握力与年龄呈负相关（r=0.439，P<0.01），6MWT距离与握力呈显著正相关（r=0.538，P<0.01）。 结论 高原地区成人6MWT为（549.2±52.2）m，而握力可以作为预测6MWT距离的有效指标。     

握力测量的研究进展

通过PubMed检索1954～2009年的有关文献,对握力评定的测量工具、测量方法、影响握力值的因素、握力耐力相关研究以及握力测量的信度研究进行综述。结果发现,握力测量受多种因素影响,在临床实践中需要采取标准化测量方法及过程,以得到更为准确的结果。     

握力测试在评估稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者活动能力中的应用研究

目的探讨握力测试对稳定期COPD患者活动能力评估的可靠性。方法对61例稳定期COPD患者进行握力测试、6 min步行测试,采用ROC曲线分析握力在稳定期COPD患者活动能力水平评估中的最佳截点值。结果稳定期COPD患者握力为(33.72±7.47)kgf,6 min步行距离为(437.06±97.96)m,握力与6 min步行距离呈中度正相关(r=0.404,P=0.001),以6 min步行距离≥350 m为截点进行等级划分,两组间握力水平有显著差异(P0.05)。ROC曲线下面积为0.722,最佳截点值为32.8 kgf。结论握力测试可用于稳定期COPD患者活动能力的快速评估。当握力水平≤32.8 kgf时,稳定期COPD患者出现活动受限。     

老年人握力与六分钟步行试验结果相关性研究

目的探索老年人握力与6 min步行试验(6MWT)结果的相关性。方法对在北京协和医院进行体检的81位老年人进行6MWT,并在测试前后监测受试者心率、血压、血氧饱和度和主观疲劳量表评分。同时采用计算机辅助电子型握力计进行上肢握力测试,采用皮尔逊相关性分析,分析6MWT结果与患者的握力之间的相关性。结果老年人利手握力水平与6MWT距离呈线性正相关(r=0.547,P 0.001)。结论老年人握力与6MWT具有相关性,可用于预测老年人的运动耐力。     

A literature review of the effect of handedness on isometric grip strength differences of the left and right hands.

When estimating preinjury grip strengthfor compensation and rehabilitation purposes, two methods have been identified in the literature: (a) comparison with the unaffected hand and (b) reference to grip strength normative data. The literature is divided about whether a significant difference exists between the grip strengths of a person's two healthy hands. Some researchers argue that handedness affects the grip strength ratio. According to these authors, there is considerable variation in the definition of handedness, its effect on grip strength ratios, and the methods of assessing handedness as it relates to grip strength. The complexity of defining and accurately evaluating handedness is discussed in this literature review. Inappropriateness of the current use of self-report questionnaires for determining handedness for grip strength purposes is highlighted. The impact of the effect of handedness on grip strength ratios cannot be clarified until a consistent definition and evaluation method for assessing handedness is developed. This handedness definition then needs to be applied to appropriately designed hand grip strength studies.     

Dynamometric Grip Strength Assessment of Subjects Sixty Years and Older

Grip strength is important in the performance of nearly all activities of daily living as it allows individuals to maintain fuuctional independence. The purpose of this study was to examine grip strength in individuals 60 years of age and older. Forty-eight healthy subjects (24 men and 24 women) between the ages of 61 and 85 participated in this study. A Jamar Adjustable Handle Dynamometer was used to measure grip strength of the right (dominant) hand and the left (non-dominant) hand while subjects were seated in the recommended test position by the American Society of Hand Therapists. The additional variables of age, height, weight and walking time were analyzed in addition to grip strength. Results showed that the dominant hand of both men and women was statistically significantly stronger than the non-dominant hand. The older elderly had less grip strength than the younger elderly. This study suggests that men lose a greater percentage of grip strength as they age and that the decline in grip strength for both men and women may be greater than previously documented.     

Comparison of Power Grip and Lateral Pinch Strengths between the Dominant and Non-Dominant Hands for Normal Chinese Male Subjects of Different Occupational Demand

The purpose of this study was to establish handgrip data for right hand dominant normal Chinese subjects. Sixty-four males were studied for their power grip and lateral pinch strengths. They were categorized into non-manual and manual workers. Standardized procedure and instructions were used for handgrip testing. Results showed that both the non-manual and manual workers demonstrated stronger power grip and lateral pinch strengths in their dominant hands. The 10% rule was applicable only for power grip strength of non- manual workers and lateral pinch strength of manual workers. No significant difference was found between the dominant grip strengths in these two groups of subjects. It was recommended that when assessing the progress and outcome of hand rehabilitation, the occupation and demand level of hand use of the patient must be taken into consideration when using the uninjured hand for comparison.     

ICU患者住院期间肢体握力及拉力的变化趋势

目的研究ICU患者住院期间肢体握力（上肢）及拉力（下肢）变化水平。 方法收集2019年4至7月我院ICU 77例患者,每日测量其上肢握力及下肢拉力,直至出ICU。比较患者入ICU 3、7、10 d及出ICU时同一侧握力及拉力间的差异。 结果患者入ICU 3 d（58例）、7 d（24例）、10 d（18例）内握力比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;患者入ICU 3 d拉力比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,患者入ICU 7、10 d内拉力比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;患者入ICU（77例）与出ICU（77例）时握力及拉力比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。较入ICU时,出ICU时握力平均增加17.2%;出ICU时拉力平均增加41.3%。 结论患者在入住ICU期间,其握力及拉力变化趋势并不明显,但仍需医护人员关注。     

The initial effects of an elbow mobilization with movement technique on grip strength in subjects with lateral epicondylalgia

This preliminary study indicates the proportion of patients with lateral epicondylalgia that demonstrate a favourable initial response to a manual therapy technique - the mobilization with movement (MWM) for tennis elbow. Twenty-five subjects with lateral epicondylalgia participated. In a one-group pretest - post-test design, we measured (1) pain with active motion, (2) pain-free grip strength and, (3) maximum grip strength before and after a single intervention of MWM. Results of the study indicate that MWM was effective in allowing 92% of subjects to perform previously painful movements pain-free, and improving grip strength immediately afterwards. Significant differences were found between the grip strength of the affected and unaffected limbs prior to the intervention. Both pain-free grip strength and maximum grip strength of the affected limb increased significantly following the intervention. Pain-free grip strength increased by a greater magnitude than maximum grip strength. It can be concluded that MWM is a promising intervention modality for the treatment of patients with Lateral Epicondylalgia. Pain-free grip strength is a more responsive measure of outcome than maximum grip strength for patients with Lateral Epicondylalgia. Further research is warranted to investigate the long-term effectiveness of MWM in the treatment of impairment and disability resulting from Lateral Epicondylalgia.     

Relationship between grip strength and related regional bone mineral content

This study of postmenopausal women had two objectives: (1) to determine whether there is a correlation between the strength of grip muscles and bone mineral content in the midradius where these muscles attach, and (2) to determine whether this correlation is of sufficient magnitude to predict cortical bone content by measuring grip muscle strength. Nondominant power grip and bone mineral content of the midradius were measured in 63 healthy postmenopausal Caucasian women. Significant positive correlations (p less than 0.001) were noted between regional bone mineral content and nondominant power grip, and significant negative correlations (p less than 0.001) were found between nondominant power grip and age and between regional bone mineral content and age. When bone mineral data were normalized for skeletal size, there was no significant improvement of the correlation. In addition, the correlation between grip strength and bone mineral content at the midradius was not sufficiently strong to permit the use of grip strength measurements for prediction of midradius bone mineral content for clinical decision-making or epidemiologic studies. Furthermore, the correlation between grip strength and bone mineral content at the muscle insertion site was not better than the correlation between grip strength and bone mineral content at more distal sites on the same bone.     

Type effect of inhibitory KT tape on measured vs. perceived maximal grip strength

This study examined the effects of KT tape (KT) applied in an inhibitory manner on muscle activity, measured maximal grip strength, and perceived maximal grip strength in regular KT-users and non-users. This study was a single-blinded crossover study with sixty participants including 27 kT-users and 33 non-users. Participants underwent maximal grip strength tests with and without inhibitory KT applied across the wrist extensors. Muscle activity and maximal grip strength were measured, while perceived maximal grip strength was rated using a visual analogue scale. No significant interaction effect was found between taping conditions and participant KT-experience for muscle activity (F = 0.825, p = 0.367), measured grip strength (F = 1.018, p = 0.317) or perceived grip strength (F = 0.122, p = 0.728). No significant differences were observed in the EMG activity between taping conditions for either KT-users (p = 0.367) or non-users (p = 0.215). A similar trend was found in the measured grip strength (KT-users: p = 0.317; non-users: p = 0.294) and perceived grip strength (KT-users: p = 0.728; non-users: p = 0.063). KT applied in an inhibitory manner does not impede EMG activity, measured maximal grip strength, or perceived maximal grip strength in adults, regardless of their preconceived notions of KT.     

维持性血液透析患者握力测量及其临床价值的研究进展

本文综述了维持性血液透析(Maintenance Hemodialysis,MHD)患者握力的测量方法及握力对于该人群不良预后的预测价值,旨在为推广MHD患者的握力测量以早期识别其握力下降,并给予干预措施从而改善MHD患者的长期预后提供理论参考。