320排动态容积CT在冠心病筛查中的初步应用

目的探讨320排动态容积CT冠状动脉造影在冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)筛查中的应用。方法分析90例临床拟诊为冠心病患者的320排CT前瞻性心电门控全心容积扫描检查结果。对显示的冠状动脉主干及其主要分支进行分级评价,并对辐射剂量进行统计分析。结果本组90例,发现狭窄性病变70例,其中三支狭窄性病变10例,两支狭窄性病变25例,单支狭窄性病变35例;其中狭窄度≥50%35支(30.43%),<50%80支(69.57%)。90例冠状动脉成像质量1级80例(88.89%),2级9例(10%),3级1例(1.11%)。结论 320排CT冠状动脉成像速度快,图像质量高,辐射剂量低,是冠心病筛查的首选检查。     

应用320排CT评价冠状动脉狭窄的临床研究

目的:通过与冠状动脉造影(CAG)相比较,评价320排动态容积CT冠状动脉成像在诊断冠状动脉狭窄方面的准确性。方法:选择冠心病诊断明确或可疑冠心病患者共60例(男38例,女22例)。所有患者的心律均为窦性心律,心率≥70次/min的患者口服美托洛尔控制心率;均同期行320排动态容积CT(DVCT)与冠状动脉造影,将两种结果进行对照研究。结果:320排动态容积CT显示的780个冠状动脉节段中(每位患者分为13个节段),均符合影像学评价要求;与冠状动脉造影相比较,320排动态容积CT发现冠状动脉狭窄的总体敏感性为92.9%,特异性97.3%,阳性预测值91.9%,阴性预测值97.7%;对于冠状动脉狭窄检出的准确率为96.2%。结论:320排动态容积CT能够较为准确的诊断冠状动脉狭窄程度,可作为一种简便、易行的无创性诊断冠心病的有效方法。     

320排动态容积CT冠状动脉成像诊断冠心病的初步应用

目的探讨320排动态容积CT冠状动脉成像(CTA)诊断冠心病的准确性。方法 2010年3月至2010年9月对临床拟诊为冠心病的82例患者先后行冠状动脉CTA及冠状动脉造影(ICA)检查,并以ICA为金标准,评估320排CTA诊断冠状动脉狭窄≥50%及≥70%的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值。结果 CTA成像质量4分71例(86.6%),平均心率为67次/min;3分10例(12.2%),平均心率为74次/min;2分1例(1.2%),心率为83次/min;1分0例,全部病例均无阶梯伪影。CTA发现174个狭窄≥50%的节段,ICA发现144个以ICA为金标准,320排CTA诊断狭窄≥50%的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值分别为93.1%、96.0%、77.0%和99.0%。CTA发现40个狭窄≥70%的节段,ICA发现40个。以ICA为金标准,320排CTA诊断狭窄≥70%的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值分别为100%、95.6%、45.5%和100%。结论 320排CTA图像质量好,诊断冠心病准确可靠。     

320排动态容积CT冠状动脉成像与冠状动脉造影诊断冠状动脉病变的初步对照研究

目的 探讨320排动态容积CT冠状动脉成像(CTA)质量及其对冠状动脉疾病的诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析40例经320排动态容积CTA和冠状动脉造影(coronary angiography,CAG)检查拟诊为冠心病的图像资料.结果 40例520个冠状动脉节段中(每位患者分13个节段),320排动态容积CT图像质量1、2、3级分别为290(55.8%)、194(37.3%)、36(6.9%)个节段.其中l、2级即优良率共484 (484/520、93.1%)个节段,能满足临床诊断;而36(36/520,6.9%)个节段因运动伪影或严重钙化无法对管腔进行评价.以CAG为"金标准",320排动态容积CT发现冠状动脉狭窄的敏感性90.2%,特异性97.5%,阳性预测值92.4%,阴性预测值96.7%.320排动态容积CT对于冠状动脉狭窄检出的准确率为95.7%.结论 CTA对冠状动脉疾病的诊断十分准确,可作为一种简便、易行、安全可靠的无创性筛查冠心病的有效方法.     

320排CT冠状动脉成像在心律不齐患者中的应用价值分析

目的 探讨320排640层CT冠状动脉成像在心律不齐患者诊断中的应用价值。方法 选取我院诊治的697例心律不齐冠状动脉病变患者的临床资料,按入院顺序随机分为观察组345例、对照组352例,对照组采用冠状动脉CT血管造影检查,观察组行320排640层CT冠状动脉成像检查,两组均以冠状动脉血管造影检查结果为标准,评估320排640层CT冠状动脉成像、冠状动脉CT血管造影对心律不齐患者冠状动脉病变程度的诊断效能,并比较两组图像质量、CT值、噪声、CT辐射剂量。结果 观察组诊断冠状动脉狭窄程度的总体符合率为98.26%(339/345),显著高于对照组诊断的符合率为94.89%(334/352),差异有统计学意义(χ²=5.967,P<0.05),观察组图像质量明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组CT值较对照组明显高,而噪声及CT辐射剂量明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 320排640层CT冠状动脉成像在心律不齐患者冠状动脉病变程度评估中有较高诊断效能,同时其有成像质量高、噪声小及辐射少的优势,可作为心律不齐患者冠状动脉病变评估的...     

320层容积CT无心率(律)控制的冠状动脉血管成像在冠心病高危人群中的初步应用

目的 探讨在无心率(律)控制条件下,320层容积CT冠状动脉血管成像(VCTA)诊断冠心病高危人群冠状动脉狭窄的准确性.方法 对30例有冠心病高危因素的患者,以冠状动脉导管造影(ICA)为金标准,评价VCTA诊断冠状动脉节段狭窄率≥50%的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值(PPV)、阴性预测值(NPV)及Youden指数;同时采用卡方检验分析心率快慢及钙化程度对2种检查方法诊断一致率的影响.结果 30例患者平均心率(73.7±15.4)次/min(bpm),420个可分析节段的平均Agatston钙化积分中位数为45.6分(OR=181).心率＜70和≥70 bpm分别显示242和169段,诊断一致率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);Agatston钙化积分≥100分的图像质量和诊断一致率低于Agatston钙化积分＜100分的节段,但VCTA与ICA结果仍具有良好吻合性(P＞0.05).结论 在无心率(律)控制情况下,VCTA对冠心病高危人群的冠状动脉狭窄诊断具有很高的准确性.     

64层螺旋CT冠状动脉血管成像与冠脉造影结果对照研究

目的:评价多层螺旋CT(MSCT)冠状动脉血管成像方法显示管腔≥50%狭窄的准确性,分析改善成像质量的方法.方法:对72例临床诊断或可疑冠心病的患者在心电门控下采用64层螺旋CT进行冠状动脉血管成像.其中56例在2周内行导管法冠状动脉造影.结果:本组56例与冠状动脉造影结果相对照,冠状动脉血管成像诊断≥50%血管狭窄的敏感性为91.5%,特异性为97.5%,阳性预测值为82.3%,阴性预测值为98.9%.结论:64层螺旋CT冠状动脉血管成像具有较高的敏感性和特异性,同时具有无创和简便的特点,可以作为临床对高危人群筛查的首选方法.     

64排螺旋CT冠状动脉造影与DSA的对照研究

目的:通过和冠脉造影对比,评价64排螺旋CT冠状动脉成像在冠状动脉狭窄中的临床应用价值。方法:28例患者同时行64排螺旋CT冠状动脉成像和有创性冠脉造影检查,依据AHA17段分段法,评价所有有效节段,并将两者进行对比。结果:冠脉造影显示阴性病例占7.1%(2例),单只病变占21.4%(6例),多支病变占71.4%(20例)。按节段分析,CT检出冠脉狭窄的敏感度,特异度,阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为91.1%,94.6%,90.0和95.3%。结论:64排螺旋CT冠状动脉成像和传统的冠脉造影检查对检出正常冠脉节段以及狭窄节段具有很好的一致性。     

CT冠状动脉成像在冠心病诊断中的应用

目的:研究CT冠状动脉成像在冠心病早期诊断冠状动脉狭窄定性定量判读的作用。方法:对34例临床未发生急性冠脉综合征的冠心病患者,先后进行冠状动脉造影、128排双源CT冠状动脉成像。以冠状动脉造影为"金标准",计算CT冠状动脉成像敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值。结果:①与冠状动脉造影相比,CT冠状动脉成像的敏感性为68%,特异性为97%,阳性预测值为89%,阴性预测值为90%。②CT冠状动脉成像有65个血管段图像质量差,约占12%,造成图像质量差的原因主要为钙化,心跳、呼吸伪影,少部分为管腔显示不良。结论:冠心病早期诊断中,CT冠状动脉成像可用作冠状动脉造影前筛选,CT冠状动脉成像阴性的患者不必行冠状动脉造影检查;CT冠状动脉成像阳性的患者,可行冠状动脉造影进一步确认病变。     

64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像在冠心病诊断中的临床分析

目的 评价64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像在冠心病(CHD)诊断中应用的临床价值.方法 选择52例疑似CHD患者,以上患者均经64层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影检查与选择性冠状动脉造影(CAG)检查,以CAG检查结果为标准,评价64层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影检查的准确性,同时对冠状动脉病变不同部位和狭窄程度的64层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影检查结果进行分析.结果 上述52例疑似CHD患者CT冠状动脉成像检查准确性94.2％(49/53),敏感性95.3％(41/43),特异性88.9％(8/9),阳性预测值97.6％(41/42)和阴性预测值80.0％(8/10);冠状动脉近端血管的检查结果好于冠状动脉远端血管的检查结果;冠状动脉狭窄程度越重的血管其检查结果好于冠状动脉狭窄程度轻的血管的检查结果.结论 CT冠状动脉成像检查无创、安全、快捷和费用低廉,同时具有较高的灵敏性和特异性的特点,可作为CHD高危人群的普查及CHD治疗后的动态随访的检查方法.     

Dealing with cancer--conversations with radiotherapy patients

Thirty in-patients treated by radiotherapy were questioned in qualitative interviews about the information they had received from the physicians and their way to deal with the disease and the physicians. Furthermore 18 persons out of this group were accompanied continuously. The confidential relationships between the patients and the author of the study brought about spontaneous conversations showing some new aspects of the way to experience disease and therapy. Despite a poor prognosis and an initially insufficient information, the patients formulated their questions openly. Generally they desired a clearer communication. They criticized above all the lack of information and attention from the physicians. A need for confidence, frankness, and the conveyance of a justified hope was expressed. The physician's stress and resulting lack of time was complained of. During the time of accompanying which lasted several weeks, it became evident that information means a way to deal with the disease to which the patient can make his individual contribution. The majority of questions as well as emotional reactions as fear or depression came from those patients who seemed to be quiet persons.     

Radiochemotherapy with temozolomide for patients with glioblastoma

Background

The objective of this retrospective analysis was to assess long-term outcome and prognostic factors of unselected patients treated for glioblastoma (GB) at a single center with surgery, standard radiotherapy (RT), and concomitant temozolomide (TMZ). From 1999?C2005, the institutional protocol included surgery and RT with TMZ. From 2005 on, adjuvant TMZ was routinely added.

Patients and Methods

Between April 1999 and September 2009, 181 patients with GB were treated with RT (60 Gy in 30 fractions) and concomitant TMZ (75 mg/m²/day throughout RT). Biopsy only had been performed in 53 patients (29.3%), 128 patients (70.7%) had undergone resection, which was complete based on postoperative MRI in 51 patients (28.2%). Adjuvant TMZ was applied in 67 of 181 patients (37%).

Results

Median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 15.0 (95% CI, 13.1?C16.8) and 7.2 months (95% CI, 5.9?C8.5), respectively. After complete resection, partial/subtotal resection and biopsy, median OS was 23.20, 14.75, and 7.89 months (p < 0.001), respectively. In multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models, extent of resection (p < 0.0001), Karnofsky??s performance score (p < 0.0001) and adjuvant TMZ (p = 0.001) were significant independent prognostic factors for OS. RT with concomitant TMZ was well tolerated in the majority of patients and could be completed as scheduled in 146 patients (80.7%), while 11 patients (6.1%) discontinued RT. Another 35 patients (19.3%) interrupted concomitant chemotherapy.

Conclusion

RT with concomitant TMZ is a feasible regimen with acceptable toxicity in routine practice. Our data are compatible with a beneficial effect of adjuvant TMZ on OS and PFS.     

湿润烧伤膏与手术联合治疗褥疮的护理

目的 :减少溃疡期褥疮的术前准备时间 ,缩短褥疮的总病程。方法 :将 1996年 5月至 2 0 0 2年 5月收住院的 4 2例溃疡期褥疮病人按随机原则分为 2组 ,2 1例术前用湿润烧伤膏纱换药处理 ,为A组 (试验组 ) ;2 1例用庆大霉素紫草油纱布换药处理 ,为B组 (对照组 )。 2组病例的年龄、性别、发病原因、病灶部位、病灶范围等经统计学处理 ,无显著性差别 ,有可比性。两组病人均换药至创面新鲜行皮瓣转移手术 ;比较两组平均术前换药时间 ,及换药 +手术的总住院日。术前术后两组患者均运用护理程序施行整体护理。结果 :A组术前平均换药时间为 8 4 9± 2 2 3天 ,B组为 15 6 0± 6 70天 ;A组平均治愈时间为 2 0 5 0± 4 81天 ,B组为 35 31± 7 70天。结论 :湿润烧伤膏换药与庆大霉素紫草油纱布换药比较 ,前者可明显缩短褥疮手术的术前准备时间及病人的总住院天数。     

Bronchogenic carcinoma: staging with MR compared with staging with CT and surgery

Thirty-three patients suspected of having bronchogenic carcinoma were studied prospectively using magnetic resonance (MR). In this group, 30 underwent examination with computed tomography (CT), 15 underwent thoracotomy, six had mediastinal biopsy procedures performed, and eight underwent bronchoscopy. MR studies, which included transaxial spin-echo imaging (TR, 0.5 and 2.0 sec; TE, 28 and 56 msec) of all patients and sagittal or coronal imaging of 18, were performed without knowledge of CT findings, using only plain radiographs as a guide. CT and MR studies were interpreted separately. CT and MR provided comparable information regarding the presence and size of mediastinal lymph nodes. MR better discriminated mediastinal nodes from vascular structures. However, in two of 11 patients who had multiple mediastinal lymph nodes that were normal in size at CT examination and surgery, MR suggested a confluent abnormal mass, probably because of its poorer spatial resolution. MR was superior to CT in showing enlarged hilar lymph nodes, but CT was better for demonstrating bronchial abnormalities. In three of four patients who had a proved hilar mass with distal obstructive pneumonia, MR (TR, 2.0 sec) helped distinguish between the mass and collapsed lung.     

多虑平、雷尼替丁治疗消化性溃疡81例临床观察

1995年 1月～ 1 998年 2月 ,我们采用多虑平、雷尼替丁治疗消化性溃疡 (ＰＵ) ,并与雷尼替丁为对照组进行治疗观察 ,疗效满意 ,现总结报告如下。1　临床资料1 1　一般资料　本组 81例ＰＵ均因上腹痛、返酸、腹胀及食欲不振等症状 ,经胃镜诊断为溃疡活动期患者。病程 2个月～ 5ａ,平均 1 7ａ。伴有焦虑、抑郁及夜眠欠佳等症者59例。随机分为 2组 :治疗组 4 1例 ,男 3 8例 ,女 3例 ;年龄 1 8～ 3 6岁 ,平均 2 4岁。其中胃溃疡 1 1例 ,十二指肠球部溃疡 3 0例。对照组 4 0例 ,男 3 7例 ,女 3例 ;年龄 1 9～ 3 5岁 ,平均 2 4 5岁 ;胃溃疡 1 2…     

臭氧治疗船员下肢损伤89例

2006年10月至2007年4月,我科采用引进的德国赫尔曼Medozon型臭氧发生装置系统产生的臭氧治疗船员下肢损伤89例,疗效满意.现报告如下.     

Tumor Burden Assessment with Positron Emission Tomography with

Objective: In patients with advanced cancer, total tumor burden affects the likelihood of tumor response and has important implications for prognosis. The aim of this study was to select the optimum 2-[F-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography (FDG PET) tumor uptake parameter to accurately measure tumor burden in advanced metastatic renal cell cancer, in comparison with volumes measured with computed tomography (CT), as a reference test.Materials and Methods: Six patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma measurable on CT were studied. CT and FDG PET scans were carried out on all patients within 4 weeks prior to their entry into a phase I-II radioimmunotherapy trial. CT-based evaluation of disease extent (tumor volume) and 4 PET-based measurements (standardized uptake value[SUVmax], SUVav, volume, and total lesion glycolysis [TLG]) were performed independently by a radiologist (VN) and a nuclear medicine physician (TA). The degree of correlation between conventional (CT) extent of disease and parameters describing tumor concentration of FDG was then determined.Results: Fifty-seven CT-measurable metastatic lesions in lung, abdomen, and scalp were evaluated in 6 patients. There was a high correlation between CT and FDG PET volume estimates for lesions greater than 5 cm(3) in size. However, a PET-derived parameter that embodies both FDG uptake and lesion size, the TLG, correlated better with CT-derived tumor volume than did FDG PET volume alone.Conclusion: Using CT volume as a gold standard, the optimal PET-based estimate of total tumor burden in patients with metastatic renal cancer is the sum over all lesions of the total lesion glycolysis.     

MEBO药纱门诊治疗烧(烫)伤71例的体会

作者报道用MEBO药纱敷盖门诊治疗烧（烫）伤71例，均获治愈。经随访1年，深Ⅱ度创面疤痕发生率为15％（3／20），浅Ⅲ度创面疤痕发生率为38．9％（7／18）。