变应性鼻炎的鼻分泌物细胞学检测与精准治疗

正变应性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)是耳鼻咽喉头颈外科的常见疾病,在大多数临床指南中,AR的诊断标准包括典型的过敏史、鼻部症状(鼻痒、打喷嚏、清水样分泌物和鼻塞)、皮肤点刺试验或血清特异性Ig E检查阳性结果。但在选择治疗方案时常常依据主观症状,很少参考局部炎症指标~([1])。1 AR的鼻分泌物细胞学检测方法及标准的确立鼻细胞学是可以直接反映鼻腔炎症的重要诊疗工具。鼻细胞学检查的意义通常包括:(1)对鼻腔     

《中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》稿约

《中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》是中华医学会主办、国内外公开发行的耳鼻咽喉头颈外科专业性学术期刊,以广大耳鼻咽喉头颈外科医师为主要读者对象.报道该领域领先的科研成果和新的临床诊疗实践经验.以及对临床有指导作用,且与耳鼻咽喉头颈外科临床密切结合的基础理论研究。     

《中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志》投稿须知

《中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志》是中华医学会主办的耳鼻咽喉头颈外科专业性学术期刊,以广大耳鼻咽喉头颈外科医师为主要读者对象,报道耳鼻咽喉头颈外科领域领先的科研成果和新的临床诊疗实践经验,以及对耳鼻咽喉头颈外科临床有指导作用、且与耳鼻咽喉头颈外科临床密...     

慢性鼻一鼻窦炎诊断和治疗指南（2012年，昆明）解读

慢性鼻一鼻窦炎（chronicrhinosinusitis,CRS）是耳鼻咽喉头颈外科的常见病,严重影响患者的生活质量,甚至可引起颅内、眶内和肺部并发症。为了提高我国CRS的诊疗水平,中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志编委会和中华医学会耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学分会鼻科学组在制（修）订临床诊疗指南方面做出了很大努力,     

《中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》稿约

<中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志>是中华医学会主办、国内外公开发行的耳鼻咽喉颈外科专业性学术期刊,以广大耳鼻咽喉头颈外科医师为主要读者对象,报道该领域领先的科研成果和新的临床诊疗实践经验,以及对临床有指导作用、且与耳鼻咽喉头颈外科临床密切结合的基础理论研究.     

《中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》稿约

《中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》是中华医学会主办、国内外公开发行的耳鼻咽喉头颈外科专业性学术期刊,以广大耳鼻咽喉头颈外科医师为主要读者对象,报道该领域领先的科研成果和新的临床诊疗实践经验,以及对临床有指导作用,且与耳鼻咽喉头颈外科临床密切结合的基础理论研究。     

合肥地区变应性鼻炎患者变应原皮肤点刺试验

变应性鼻炎（AR）是耳鼻咽喉头颈外科常见病、多发病,是一个全球关注的健康问题。AR严重影响患者生活质量和工作效率,尤其对儿童学习能力、注意力、性情等均可造成不利影响,如合并哮喘则病情更加难以控制。在临床实践中,变应原皮肤点刺试验（skin prick test,SPT）对于特异性变应性疾病的诊断能提供有用的诊断信息。     

解放军总医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科（国家重点学科）解放军耳鼻咽喉研究所（全军声损伤重点实验室）解放军医学院聋病教育部重点实验室

解放军总医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科，在中国工程院院士姜泗长教授、中华医学会耳鼻咽喉头颈外科分会名誉主任委员杨伟炎教授、中华医学会耳鼻咽喉头颈外科分会主任委员韩东一教授、北京医师协会耳鼻咽喉科医师分会主任委员杨仕明教授四代学科带头人的领导下，多年来科室始终坚持以聋病诊疗与研究为重点。     

《国际耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》稿约

《国际耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》是中华医学会和北京市耳鼻咽喉科研究所主办的国际医学系列杂忐之一,系国内外公开发行的耳鼻咽喉头颈外科专业学术期刊。本刊主要报道耳鼻咽喉头颈外科领域的国内外最新科研成果和临床诊疗实践经验,以广大耳鼻咽喉头颈外科医师为主要读者对象,同时适合相关学科从事临床、教学及科研工作者阅读.本刊的办刊方针是:贯彻党和国家的卫生工作方针政策,贯彻理论与实践、普及与提高相结合的办刊方针,反映国际耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学领研究的最新进展,促进国际耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学术交流.     

解放军总医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科进修医师继续教育的研究和探讨

目的分析解放军总医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科进修医师的基本现状,为个性化教学和提高解放军总医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科的继续教育水平提供理论依据。方法对2009年2月~2012年12月在解放军总医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科进修的学员进行问卷调查,问卷包括学员的年龄、性别、工作年限、学历、职称、原单位的基本情况、来进修学习的目的等,并对收回的101份问卷进行分析。结果分析结果显示,5年以来,解放军总医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科进修医师56.4%为男性,43.6%为女性;进修时平均年龄33.5岁,平均工作年限9.6年,原单位距北京1000公里以上的57.4%,大专5人,本科及以上106人,主治医师75%,副主任医师以上18.8%。进修医师来自三甲医院者占79.2%,其中教学医院占78%,自愿来进修学习的比例78.2%。结论解放军总医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科进修医师以三甲医院的主治医师为主要人群,具有较好的前期教育基础和临床工作经验,亚专科进修目的明确,为开展个性化教学提供了良好的基础。     

变应性鼻炎和非变应性鼻炎临床特征比较

目的探讨变应性鼻炎（allergic rhinitis,AR）和非变应性鼻炎（non-allergic rhinitis,NAR）临床特征的差异。方法选取2010年1月～2010年12月在我院门诊就诊的AR和NAR患者1647例,通过病史采集、皮肤点刺实验（skin fastinsertion test,SPT）、鼻分泌物涂片嗜酸性粒细胞计数和血清总IgE检查等评价分析两者的差异。结果鼻炎患者中AR占72.4%,NAR占2 7.6%;AR患者发病年龄（25.8±1 3.5）岁,显著低于NAR患者发病年龄（31.4±16.0）岁,两者比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.001）;AR发病有明显的季节性,NAR发病受季节性影响不大。鼻部症状中,AR易出现打喷嚏（AR,88.4%;NAR,47.9%）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.001）;鼻痒症状AR占8 4.4%,NAR占4 3.6%,两组比较有统计学意义（P〈0.001）;而NAR易出现鼻塞（NAR,9 6.3%,AR,9 1.2%）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.001）和流涕（NAR,9 3.5%,AR,91.8%）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。AR患者鼻分泌物涂片嗜酸性粒细胞比例占50.1%±33.1%,血总IgE（359.7±323.4）IU/ml,且显著高于NAR患者20.1%±30.5%,123.0IU/ml±205.6 IU/ml,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P均〈0.001）。结论 AR与NAR在发病年龄、发病季节、临床症状、鼻分泌物涂片嗜酸性粒细胞比例和血总IgE上有明显差异。     

Effect of allergic rhinitis on nasal obstruction outcomes after functional open septorhinoplasty

Objective

To evaluate whether a diagnosis of allergic rhinitis affects surgical outcomes of open septorhinoplasty (OSR) and to examine whether OSR provides the same level of improvement in quality of life to patients with and without allergic rhinitis.

Prevalence and risk factors for perennial allergic rhinitis in Korea: results of a nationwide survey

A nationwide survey on the prevalence and risk factors for perennial allergic rhinitis in Korea was conducted by means of physical examination by otolaryngologists from July to October 1991. The total number of subjects examined was 9069 and they were drawn from 2899 households in 60 different districts throughout the country. The overall prevalence of perennial allergic rhinitis was 1.14%. For the evaluation of risk factors for perennial allergic rhinitis, a case-control analysis was carried out. The prevalence was influenced by age and urban or rural province. Risk factors such as current urban residence, urban birth place, overcrowding, higher educational attainment, nasal septal deformity and chronic sinusitis with nasal polyposis, indicated an increased risk of perennial allergic rhinitis. Other factors such as smoking and personal factors showed little influence on prevalence.     

变应性鼻炎患者一氧化氮检测与分析

目的 检测变应性鼻炎患者鼻分泌物中一氧化氮(NO)的含量,并分别与慢性鼻炎患者和正常对照者鼻分泌物中NO水平进行比较。方法 测定了50例变应性鼻炎患者和40例慢性鼻炎患者及40例正常对照组鼻分泌物NO水平。结果 变应性鼻炎患者体内NO合成较正常对照组及慢性鼻炎患者高。结论 NO参与了变应性鼻炎的发病过程,对其机理的研究有利于变应性鼻炎的治疗。     

变应性鼻炎患者外周血IL-35及EBI3 mRNA和IL-12A mRNA表达的研究

目的：探讨变应性鼻炎（AR）患者外周血IL-35及其亚基病毒诱导基因3（EBI3）mRNA、IL-12A mRNA的表达及意义。方法：分别采集AR组（46例）及对照组（30例）外周血,采用ELISA法检测血清IL-35的表达水平,同时用SYBR Green实时定量PCR检测外周血单个核细胞中EBI3mRNA及IL-12AmRNA的表达水平。结果：AR组和对照组II,35水平分别为（251．22±46．27）、（382．17±25．41）ng／L,2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。外周血单个核细胞EBI3 mRNA的表达水平AR组明显低于对照组,约为对照组的50％,2组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;IL-12AmRNA的表达水平AR组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：IL-35、EBI3 mRNA水平降低可能与AR的发生密切相关。     

变应性鼻炎患者生活质量研究

目的 采用对照研究的方法,探讨变应性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)对患者生活质量的影响.方法 以普适性量表--医学结局研究简表36项健康调查(medical outcome study short-form 36-items health survey,简称SF-36)为工具,通过前瞻性对照设计,对101例尘螨过敏的AR患者、97例慢性咽炎(chronic pharyngitis,CP)患者及121例健康体检者进行生活质量的调查,分析AR患者生活质量.以疾病专用昔表--鼻结膜炎生存质量调查问卷(rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire,RQLQ)为工具,分析AR患者生活质量最受影响的方面.同时采用Pearson相关分析,对SF-36与RQLQ两量表的相关性进行分析.结果 SF-36调查显示,AR患者在躯体疼痛、总体健康和社会功能3个维度的得分((x)±s,下同;分别为:78.02±18.37,56.13±17.49,78.81±16.47)较健康体检者的相应得分(84.00±18.36,74.69±14.13,83.78±14.31)低(P值均<0.05),但生理功能、生理职能、躯体疼痛、总体健康、社会功能、情感职能和精神健康7个维度得分(分别为:91.78±11.78,79.16±30.23,78.02±18.37,56.13±17.49,78.81±16.47,67.66 4-39.57,68.78±13.65)与CP患者的相应得分(94.12±6.88,80.67±32.38,73.57±17.96,59.73±16.58,80.41±17.01,63.58±39.99,66.43±13.71)相近(P值均>0.05).RQLQ调查显示,AR患者在鼻部症状和实际问题2个维度得分(分别为:2.70±1.29,2.53±1.37)最高.SF-36与RQLQ相父性分析提示,两量表仅呈弱负相关(r=-0.199～-0.526,P<0.05).结论 AR患者生活质量较健康体检者差,与CP患者相近.鼻部症状和实际问题是AR患者生活质量最受影响的方面.SF-36和RQLQ均适用于评价AR患者生活质量.SF-36与RQLQ评价AR患者生活质量的不同方面,两量表联合应用可以更全面、准确地评价AR患者的牛活质量.     

Elective management of the clinically negative neck by otolaryngologists in patients with oral tongue cancer

BACKGROUND: The treatment of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck who have a clinically negative (cN0) neck remains controversial. Furthermore, the treatment delivered to patients with a cN0 neck by practicing otolaryngologists is not known. OBJECTIVE: To determine the variability in the management of the cN0 neck in the otolaryngology community. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A random survey of 763 board-certified otolaryngologists in the United States. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Physician respondents' preferences for observation vs treatment of the cN0 neck and the treatment modalities chosen. RESULTS: Forty-one percent of the surveyed physicians responded. Nearly 10% of the respondents observed all patients with a cN0 neck. Otolaryngologists who treat 35 or more new patients with cancer each year were more likely to perform elective treatment of the neck for a T2 lesion of the oral tongue than those who treat 10 or fewer patients each year (P =.03). They were also more likely to treat patients with a cN0 neck when the risk of occult cervical metastases was greater than 15% to 20% (P =.04). A comprehensive neck dissection was the preferred lymphadenectomy procedure for 21% of the otolaryngologists surveyed. CONCLUSIONS: Variations in the treatment of the cN0 neck are associated with differences in the frequency of treatment of patients with head and neck cancer by otolaryngologists. Uniformity of care must be established within the otolaryngology community by developing widely accepted evidence-based guidelines and referring patients to surgeons who routinely treat head and neck cancer.     

人工智能技术在辅助耳鼻咽喉科医师了解过敏性鼻炎患者需求中的应用

利用人工智能技术分析近年中国互联网用户对于过敏性鼻炎（allergic rhinitis,AR）的网上检索信息,以帮助耳鼻咽喉科医师更好地了解AR患者的实际需求,从而在临床实践中更加合理地对患者进行管理。     

Point prevalence of allergic rhinitis among Saudi children

BACKGROUND: Study of allergic rhinitis (AR) has only recently started in Saudi Arabia. No estimate of the actual percent of the population suffering from AR, especially children, is available. OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence of AR in children in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the association with hearing impairment (HI) and bronchial asthma. METHODS: An epidemiological survey was carried out using a modified "International study of asthma and allergies in childhood" (ISAAC) questionnaire for rhinitis phase1. The children with allergic history were subjected to allergy work up. Ten thousand children were surveyed and the clinical history of rhinitis (sneezing, rhinorrhea, irritation, nasal blockage) during the past 12 months was recorded. In total, 9540 children with complete data were interviewed. Demographic characteristics including age, sex, parents' relation, and family history were noted and an Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) examination and hearing screening was performed. RESULTS: We identified 2529 children with rhinitis (prevalence 26.51%), 25.66% of them with physician diagnosed asthma. Laboratory tests were performed on blood samples from 304 children. A skin prick test with relevant allergens was performed on those aged 6 to 15 years: 61.8% had positive results to one or more allergens, compared to 23.75% in a non-rhinitis control group. HI was found in 450 (17.8%) of the rhinitis group compared to 791 (12.7%) among the non-rhinitis group. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with previous studies in Saudi Arabia, this survey showed higher rates of allergic disease. HI was also found to be higher among rhinitis children. This could be attributed to environmental, social or genetic factors.