Peritoneal Dialysis for Children with Acute Kidney Injury in Lagos,Nigeria: Experience with Adaptations

♦ Introduction: International professional groups are supporting the training of physicians in developing countries in nephrology, including peritoneal dialysis (PD). This report documents the impact of such efforts in the provision of manual PD for children with acute kidney injury (AKI) in a public hospital in Lagos, Nigeria.♦ Methods: Medical records of all children with AKI managed with PD between July 2010 and March 2013 were reviewed.♦ Results: Seventeen children with a mean (SEM) age of 3.8 (0.8) years received PD for 0 - 18 days; about half were infants. PD was provided manually, frequently with intercostal drains as catheters. Blockage of catheters and peritonitis occurred in 4 (23.5%) and 2 (11.8%) children, respectively. Eight (47.1%) of the 17 children had resolution of AKI and were discharged from hospital. In 4 (57.1%) of the 7 children who died, PD was performed for ≤ 2 days.♦ Conclusion: PD for childhood AKI is feasible in resource-constrained regions with fairly good outcome. Blockage of catheter was the most common complication encountered.     

重症医学科患者急性肾损伤的发病率及危险因素的分析

目的:探讨重症监护病房(intensive care unit,ICU)收治患者急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury,AKI)的发病率以及相关危险因素。方法:回顾分析ICU 1443例患者的临床资料,按照AKI临床诊断标准筛选AKI患者,进行病因分析,检测AKI患者的实验室指标,记录尿量、住ICU时间等用Logistic回归分析影响预后的危险因素。结果:1443例ICU患者中符合2012年KDIGO-AKI诊断标准的患者98例(6.7%),其中病死32例(32.65%),需肾替代治疗50例(51.02%),随着AKI患者年龄和分期的增大,病死率越高;病因构成中脓毒症性AKI患者48例(48.98%),非脓毒症性AKI患者50例(51.02%),脓毒症性AKI患者住ICU时间和住院时间均较非脓毒症性AKI患者长(t=2.292,P=0.024;t=2.083,P=0.040),且行肾替代治疗比率较高(χ2=4.083,P=0.043)。Logistic回归分析显示老年、少尿、休克、酸中毒、AKI 3期、升压药物、感染和需肾替代治疗是AKI预后不良的危险因素。结论:ICU中AKI患者的发病率和病死率均较高,AKI的预后与多种因素有关,及早发现并干预治疗对降低AKI病死率具有重要意义。