兔输卵管液中九种元素的测定与分析

本文在急性实验条件下采取输卵管液,用ICP直读光谱仪测定九种元素(铜、铁、锰、锌、钙、镁、钾、钠、磷)的含量。动物分动情组和间情组。结果表明:1.动情期输卵管液中钾和钠的含量高于血清(P<0.05)。铜、镁和锰、钙、磷的含量低于血清(P<0.05和P<0.01)。锌、铁差异不显著(P>0.05)。2.间情期钾和钠的含量亦高于血清(P<0.01)。钙、磷和镁的含量低于血清(P<0.01和P<0.05)。铜、锌、铁、锰两者差异不显著(P>0.05)。3.将动情兔和间情兔输卵管液元素含量相比,九种元素除钾在动情期低于间情期外(P<0.05),其余无差异(P>0.05)。     

111例正常生育力男子精浆中锌、铜、镁、钙、钾、钠的研究

采用原子吸收分光光度法测定了111例有生育力的健康男子精浆中锌、铜、镁、钙、钾、钠等六种无机元素含量。统计分析的结果表明:锌和镁浓度与精子密度呈显著的正相关(P<0.05);锌和钙、镁、铜之间,钙和镁、钾之间均有非常显著的正相关关系(P<0.01)。精浆中锌、镁、钙和钾的含量均显著高于血浆正常值,其中锌尤为明显。作者认为,维持精浆中这些元素的正常含量和比值对于男性生殖功能可能是重要的。     

97例不育男子精浆中微量元素的研究

本文对97例不育男子及13例证实有生育能力男子精浆中的九种微量元素(锌、铁、锰、铜、镍、钾、纳、钙和镁)的浓度用原子吸收分光光度法进行了测定。结果表明:钾、钠和钙在不育与正常男子精浆中的水平几乎一样。不育症患者精浆中的铁、锰和铜浓度高于正常生育力男子精浆中的浓度,其中铁(P<0.05)和锰(P<0.01)的差异具有统计学意义。镍的浓度(P<0.05)显著低于正常男子。具有正常精子密度的不育患者精浆中铁(P<0.05)和锰(P<0.01)显著高于正常男子,锌和铜的浓度也高于正常男子,但无统计学意义。无精患者精浆中的镁(P<0.01)、镍(P<0.05)和铁(P<0.05)浓度明显低于正常男子。镁和镍在不育患者精浆中的浓度随精子密度降低而逐渐降低,但无统计学意义。经迴归处理实验数据,结果表明,锌—钾,锌—钙,锌—镁;钙—钾,钙—镁和镁—钾无论在正常组还是不育组均存在明显的正相关。作者认为结合反映前列腺功能的其他生化指标来测定精浆中的铁、锰、镍及镁的水平有利于对不育症的诊断。     

医用聚氨甲酸乙酯栓堵对兔输卵管影响的初步观察

目的研究聚氨甲酸乙酯（ＭＰＵ）栓堵对兔输卵管形态和分泌功能的影响，并探讨其可复性。方法直视下将ＭＰＵ注入兔输卵管内进行栓堵，１２ｗ后测定输卵管液中元素浓度、葡萄糖和总蛋白含量，并用光镜、电镜观察输卵管形态的改变。结果１．栓堵后输卵管液中钙、锌、钠等元素和总蛋白量显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０５），钾、铁、铜和锰等元素差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。２．栓堵处输卵管腔扩张，皱襞变平，但未见粘膜坏死或脱落。透射电镜下见分泌细胞内线粒体肿张，内质网扩张，分泌颗粒减少；纤毛细胞的纤毛变短，稀疏排列。结论ＭＰＵ栓堵对输卵管影响轻微，有复通的可能。     

两种男性节育术后精浆中锌、铜、镁、钙、钾的分析

用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了输精管注射“504”粘堵术和经输精管向附睾注射鱼肝油酸钠术的63例对象精浆中锌、铜、镁、钙、钾五种元素含量。两种节育术后精浆中均出现钙的显著降低和铜的显著增高;相关分析提示,粘堵组出现铜和钙的平衡失调,鱼肝油组发现铜和镁失衡。作者认为,经输精管向附睾注射鱼肝油酸钠后,附睾小管可能存在不同程度的梗阻,而在管腔复通的对象,其附睾内元素代谢亦发生了紊乱,表明附睾功能受到损害。本文结果显示附睾是男子生殖道元素代谢的重要器官,是精浆钙的重要来源。     

小儿反复呼吸道感染与微量元素关系的分析

目的:探讨血清微量元素锌、铁、镁、钙、铜水平与小儿反复呼吸道感染的关系。方法:检测48例反复呼吸道感染患儿锌、铁、镁、钙、铜水平,同时选择48例健康儿童作对照。结果:反复呼吸道感染患儿锌、铁水平明显低于健康儿童。结论:反复呼吸道感染患儿存在某些微量元素缺乏。     

妊娠妇女常量元素和必需微量元素的含量及分析

目的了解现期妊娠妇女体内常量元素钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)、磷(IP)和必需微量元素铁(Fe)、锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)在妊娠三期(孕早、中、晚各期)的含量及变化规律。方法用全自动生化分析仪测定妊娠组157份血样及对照组45份血样的Ca、Mg、IP、Fe、Zn、Cu的含量,统计使用方差分析。结果Ca、Mg、Zn的血清含量随着妊娠期的增加而减少,与对照组相比均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。Fe的血清含量在孕早期升高为(21.4±5.75)μmol/L,孕中、晚期下降分别为(17.6±6.99)μmol/L和(17.3±8.46)μmol/L与对照组(18.5±5.51)μmol/L相比无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Cu的血清含量随着妊娠期的增加而增高,且与对照组有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论在妊娠过程中,常量元素钙、镁和必需微量元素铜、铁、锌都有明显的变化,提示应定期检测孕妇血清钙、镁、磷、铁、锌、铜水平。并采取相应的防治措施,以提高孕产妇及新生儿的健康水平。     

肾素—血管紧张素—醛固酮、前列腺素系统和妊娠、妊娠中毒症的关系

一、肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统的生理醛固酮系由肾上腺皮质外层合成,主要促使远肾小管对钠的重吸收与钾的排出。未孕妇女的醛固酮正常分泌量为50～250微克/日。月经周期中,黄体期分泌量较泸泡期为高。血钠减少,血钾增多,短期给予ACTH能使醛固酮的分泌量增加。血钠增加,血钾减少又可使醛固酮的分泌量下降。人类对醛固酮的生理调节机构为肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统。肾素为肾脏合成的酶,无血管收缩作用,但与血浆中的血管紧张素元(即肾素基质)     

必需微量元素与妊娠的关系

必需微量元素与妊娠的关系岳瑛综述乐杰审校人体由诸多元素组成。这些元素依其在人体内含量的不同，分为宏量元素和微量元素。宏量元素是指占人体总重量的１／万以上者，如碳、氢、氧、氮、钙、磷、镁、钠、氯、钾、硫等，共约占人体总重量的９９．９５％，微量元素是指占...     

服用MOM营养饮品孕妇血清中多种元素的测定

服用ＭＯＭ营养饮品孕妇血清中多种元素的测定钱美伦刘善英盖铭英徐蕴华我们对服用雀巢公司生产的母恩－孕产妇营养饮品ＭＯＭ（每１００ｇＭＯＭ中含有钙１０７５ｍｇ、镁１９０ｍｇ、铜０．８９ｍｇ、锌４８ｍｇ、铁４８ｍｇ）的孕妇，进行了多种元素测定。一、对象与方...     

妊高征患者红细胞变形能力、红细胞ATP酶活性和红细胞离子浓度关系的研究

观察了４６例妊高征（ＰＩＨ）患者红细胞滤过指数（ＩＦ）、红细胞ＡＴＰ酶和红细胞离子浓度的变化，并分析了其相互关系。结果表明，ＰＩＨ患者红细胞ＩＦ较正常对照组和正常孕妇明显增高（Ｐ＜０．００１）；红细胞Ｎ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰ酶、Ｃａ～（２＋）－Ｍｇ～（２＋）－ＡＴＰ酶活性和红细胞Ｋ＋、Ｍｇ～（２＋）浓度明显降低，红细胞Ｃａ～（２＋）、Ｎａ＋浓度明显增高，与对照组和正常孕妇相比，差异均有显著性（Ｐ＜０．００１），而且这些变化随ＰＩＨ病情加重而逐渐明显。ＰＩＨ患者红细胞ＩＦ与红细胞Ｎａ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰ酶，Ｃａ～（２＋）－Ｍｇ＋ＡＴＰ酶活性及红细胞Ｋ＋、Ｍｇ～（２＋）浓度呈负相关（Ｐ＜０．００１），与红细胞Ｃａ～（２＋）、Ｎａ＋浓度呈正相关（Ｐ＜０．００１）。提示ＰＩＨ患者红细胞变形能力降低与红细胞ＡＴＰ酶活性及红细胞内离子浓度变化有关。     

人子宫内膜受铜离子影响后对五种氨基酸摄取的变化

本文报道了人增生期子宫内膜能够摄取必需氨基酸如亮氨酸、赖氨酸、组氨酸等,和非必需氨基酸如甘氨酸脯氨酸等。子宫内膜受8×10~(-5)MCu~(2+)作用之后,亮氨酸摄取量增至160.19fmol/mg 蛋白,赖氨酸摄取量增至228.80fmol/mg 蛋白,组氨酸摄取量增至257.33fmol/mg 蛋白,以上P 值分别<0.01,<0.05,<0.001。内膜受Cu~(2+)作用后,甘氨酸摄取量降至94.75fmol/mg 蛋白,脯氨酸摄取量降至62.01fmol/mg 蛋白,两者P 值均<0.001。本文联系含铜宫内节育器(Cu-IUD)部分使用者子宫内膜发育不良现象进行了讨论。     

Cu~(2+)对大鼠精子运动的影响

本文从精子超微结构和供能酶的角度,探讨Cu~(2+)影响精子运动的机制。结果表明1)大鼠附睾精子在Bakers′-Cu~(2+)液中置体外培育5′后,精子活动力即明显下降。2)Cu~(2+)抑制乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)的组织化学反应,其中以LDH活性的降低显著,并与精子活动力的降低呈平行关系。3)LDH同功酶PAGE示LDH-C_4相对活性降低。4)精子线粒体内呈电子致密的LDH酶反应颗粒明显减少且电子密度降低,而精子超微结构无明显改变。本实验提示: Cu~(2+)对精子LDH-C_4活性的抑制可能是影响精子运动的主要环节之一。     

体外Ca~(2+)及其螯合剂对人类精子活力影响的研究

本文用精子活动轨迹追踪摄片法对9例健康有生育力的正常人精液样本分别加入不同浓度Ca~(2+)和EGTA~(2-)观察它们对精子活力的影响。结果表明增加Ca~(2+)或Ca~(2+)被EGTA~(2-)螯合而减少均可影响精子的活力,并且精子失活率随Ca~(2+)或EGTA~(2-)的浓度增加而增加,加入Ca~(2+),精子失活率增加的速度比加入EGTA~(2-)快。加浓度为127.32mMCaCl_2于人精液一分钟,精子失活率可达100%。因此钙可能在发展新的避孕药方面有一定的价值,但这样浓度的钙盐对人机体细胞有无不良影响还需作进一步研究。     

15(S)-15-甲基前列腺素F_(2α)和催产素引起早孕小鼠子宫收缩作用及其与钙离子的关系

15(S)-15-甲基前列腺素F_(2α)(15-甲基PGF_(2α))和催产素,能使以高钾处理的早孕小鼠部分去极化离体子宫平滑肌的张力增高,其作用随两药浓度上升而增大。戊脉安能抑制两药的收缩效应,其抑制作用随戊脉安浓度的提高而增加,当戊脉安浓度达到5×10~(-4)M 时,收缩效应完全被抑制。此外,在无钙溶液中,15-甲基PGF_(2α)和催产素都不能引起部分去极化子宫平滑肌的收缩效应。从而提示钙的内流机制在15-甲基PGF_(2α)和催产素所引起的去极化子宫肌的收缩效应中起了重要的作用。     

妊高征孕妇尿钙、肌酐水平及尿钙/肌酐比值的变化

本文研究尿钙值与妊高征的关系,共测定307例(妊高征104例,正常孕妇171例,正常非孕妇女32例)。结果表明:随妊娠进展尿钙/肌酐比值逐渐增加。尿钙/肌酐比值降低可作为诊断妊高征的客观依据之一,其降低程度与病变及尿蛋白的严重程度一致。提示钙与妊高征的发生发展有关。     

Specific antibodies and immunoglobulins in the oviductal fluid of the rhesus monkey

Levels of specific antibodies against model antigens, immunoglobulins G and A and also albumin, in oviductal fluid were studied in the rhesus monkey during the periovulatory period. Animals were systemically or intravaginally immunized against T4 coliphages. Attempts to induce ovulation were made with human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) monitored by radioimmunoassay of serum estrogen and progesterone. Collection of tubal fluid over 6 to 13 days was accomplished by surgical cannulation using a refrigerated extracorporeal collection device for each side. The results indicated the following: (1) The levels of specific antibodies against T4 coliphage and immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA) in the oviduct fluid averaged approximately one tenth of the serum values and showed a characteristic decrease and subsequent increase by a factor of 4 to 5 during and following treatment with hMG/hCG. The nadir was observed on the first or second day after hCG injection. (2) This pattern was similar in both ovulatory or nonovulatory cycles; therefore, these changes seem to be associated with the changes in serum estrogen levels. (3) There was a striking difference in serum and tubal fluid antibody levels after systemic versus after vaginal immunization by a factor of 10(3) and 10(4); however, the patterns in tubal fluid under treatment with hMG/hCG were very similar. (4) Specific antibodies in oviductal fluid and serum were mainly of the IgG class. (5) A concomitant change of total protein and albumin in oviduct fluid was also observed. The presence of sperm agglutination antibody in oviductal fluid was demonstrated in two monkeys after systemic immunization with homologous spermatozoa. The sperm antibody titers showed a similar pattern of change after hMG/hCG treatment.     

An immunohistochemical analysis of ovarian small cell carcinoma of hypercalcemic type.

Ovarian small cell carcinoma of hypercalcemic type (OSCCHT) is a rare neoplasm with an aggressive behavior, broad differential diagnosis, and unknown histogenesis. To add to knowledge concerning the possible aid of immunohistochemistry in resolving problems in differential diagnosis and to further explore whether that modality points to any specific histogenesis, we undertook an immunohistochemical study of this neoplasm. Fifteen OSCCHTs (including four of the 'large cell" variant) were stained with a range of antibodies, some of which have not been investigated previously in this neoplasm. Cases were stained with AE1/3, EMA, BerEP4, CK5/6, calretinin, WT1, chromogranin, CD56, synaptophysin, CD99, NB84, desmin, S100, CD10, alpha inhibin, TTFI, and p53. Staining was classified as 0 (negative), 1+ (<5% cells positive), 2+ (5% to 25% cells positive), 3+ (26% to 50% cells positive), or 4+ (>50% cells positive). All cases were positive with p53 (two 1+, five 3+, eight 4+), 14 of 15 cases were positive with WT1 (one 1+, thirteen 4+), 14 of 15 with CD10 (three 1+, four 2+, two 3+, five 4+), 13 of 15 with EMA (three 1+, three 2+, two 3+, five 4+), 11 of 15 with calretinin (nine 1+, one 3+, one 4+), 9 of 15 with AE1/3 (eight 1+, one 2+), 4 of 15 with CD56 (one 1+, two 2+, one 4+), 3 of 15 with BerEP4 (two 2+, one 4+), 2 of 15 with synaptophysin (two 1+), and 1 of 15 with S100 (4+). All cases were negative with CK5/6, chromogranin, CD99, NB84, desmin, alpha inhibin, and TTF1. The only noticeable difference in the immunophenotype between typical OSCCHT and the large cell variant was that there was 4 +EMA positivity in three of four cases of large cell variant compared with two of 11 cases of typical OSCCHT. OSCCHT is characteristically positive with AE1/3, EMA, CD10, calretinin, WT1, and p53. Combined EMA and WT1 positivity, the latter usually intense and diffuse, may be of diagnostic value, inasmuch as only a few of the neoplasms in the differential diagnosis are positive with both antibodies. Negative staining with CD99, desmin, NB84, alpha-inhibin, and TTF1 may aid in the cases in which primitive neuroectodermal tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, intraabdominal desmoplastic small round cell tumor, neuroblastoma, a sex cord-stromal tumor, and metastatic pulmonary small cell carcinoma are in the differential. Calretinin positivity precludes its use in the differential with granulosa cell tumors. The results of this investigation do not settle the issue of histogenesis, which remains enigmatic. The typical age distribution, follicle formation, and calretinin positivity are consistent with a sex cord origin. On the other hand, WT1 and EMA positivity and negative staining with alpha-inhibin would be unusual in a sex cord-stromal neoplasm and can be used as an argument for a surface epithelial origin. Germ cell and neuroendocrine origins seem highly unlikely.