Duodenal rupture due to giant inguinal hernia: A case report

IntroductionGiant inguinal hernia is unusual, and duodenal rupture accompanying it is particularly very rare and significantly hard to manage surgically.Presentation of caseAn 81-year-old man was admitted to our institution with upper abdominal pain. He had tenderness of the upper mid abdomen and a bilateral large inguinal hernia but he did not have pain in the inguinal–scrotal area. Computed tomography (CT) showed slight dilatation of the small bowel and stomach. There were no remarkable signs of incarceration of the inguinal hernia. Therefore, he was admitted to the internal ward. On the second day in hospital, he suddenly went into shock. CT revealed that there was free air and ascites in the inguinal hernia and therefore an emergency operation was performed.The tranverse colon, ascending colon, and ileum were incarcerated, and perfolation of the cecum was found. We also detected duodenal rupture at the inferior duodenal angle. We resected the terminal ileal (almost 90 cm) and ileocecal area, followed by side-to-side anastomosis of duodenum and jejunum. We only repaired the peritoneum at the internal hernia ring. After the operation, despite intensive-care therapy, this patient passed away on the 18th postoperative day.DiscussionThe mesocolon and third portion of the duodenum were strongly pulled down into giant inguinal hernia, probably causing the rupture of the inferior duodenal angle.ConclusionGiant inguinal hernia possibly provokes duodenal rupture and therefore should definitively be repaired if feasible.     

小儿复发性腹股沟疝的手术治疗

目的探讨小儿腹股沟疝术后复发原因及治疗。方法分析小儿腹股沟部的解剖特点,探讨复发性腹股沟疝的原因。应用疝囊高位结扎、内环缩小及腹横筋膜修补等术式治疗。结果 30例均于手术后7～10 d出院,经平均3年以上临床随访无复发,治疗效果满意。结论小儿腹股沟疝手术中,高位结扎、内环缩小、腹横筋膜修补是疗效可靠、防止复发的关键。     

���������޲������Ƹ��ɹ���4438������

目的总结1997年11月至2011年12月复旦大学附属华东医院开展开放式腹股沟疝无张力修补术4438例的临床经验。方法根据各种不同类型的开放式腹股沟疝无张力修补术,对4438例腹股沟疝采用相对应的不同补片进行手术治疗,对不同术式的手术时间、术后疼痛、疝复发、血肿、血清肿、慢性疼痛、生殖系统并发症等及其他相关并发症进行观察、总结及数据分析。结果无手术死亡病例。术后平均随访33.7个月,术后血肿18例(0.40%),血清肿45例(1.01%),切口感染或愈合不良16例(0.40%),缺血性睾丸炎3例(0.07%)。复发14例(0.32%),慢性疼痛7例(0.60%),异常勃起1例(0.02%);3例睾丸疼痛(0.07%)。结论开放式无张力疝修补术治疗腹股沟疝安全有效,不同术式的疗效及并发症发生率情况接近,开展技术早期需特别注意预防手术并发症,对不同的病例宜采用个体化治疗方案,以期达到最佳的治疗效果。     

An unusual case of a strangulated right inguinal hernia containing the sigmoid colon

The strangulated inguinal hernia is one of the most common emergencies in surgery. Although the diagnosis is usually made by physical examination, the content of the hernia sac and the extent of the following operation may vary. We present an extremely rare case of a strangulated right inguinal hernia containing the sigmoid colon and review the relevant literature.     

An alternative approach for management of the congenital giant inguinal hernia in neonates

Whereas inguinal hernias are commonly encountered in the neonatal population, giant hernias containing the entire small bowel and with complete inguinal floor disruption are significantly less common. These cases present clinical and technical challenges with the obliteration of normal anatomy and an attenuation of the expected abdominal domain. There is a scant literature available describing these hernias or their management in neonates. In this case report, we describe a neonate who presented with a giant unilateral inguinal scrotal hernia complicated by in utero perforation. This was managed by open herniorrhaphy, orchidopexy, and diagnostic laparoscopy.     

免补片法腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术

目的 探讨免补片法腹腔镜下腹股沟疝修补的有效性.方法 回顾分析广东省第二人民医院2001年1月至2004年3月,应用腹腔镜免补片法治疗92例腹股沟疝的手术后恢复情况及随访结果,并与同期91例腹腔镜完全腹膜外疝修补手术(totally extraperitoneal laparoscopichemioplasty,TEP)的结果相比较.结果 免补片组与TEP组手术时间分别为(21±4)min与(70±16)min(t=28.01,P<0.05)、住院天数分别为(3.5±1.0)d与(4.8±1.2)d(t=7.96,P<0.05)、下床活动时间分别为(1.0±0.5)d与(1.8±0.7)d(t=8.90,P<0.05)、术后疼痛持续时间分别为(1.0±0.5)d与(2.5±0.7)d(t=16.69,P<0.05)、住院总费用分别为(4500±500)元与(8000±820)元(t=34.89,P<0.05),免补片组均明显优于TEP组,差异有统计学意义.免补片组无皮下血肿及阴囊水肿发生,TEP组皮下血肿8例(8.7%)(χ~2=6.48,P<0.05).免补片组与TEP组术后48h C-反应蛋白(CRP)分别为(3.9±0.3)mg/dl与(8.8±0.5)mg/dl(t=80.48,P<0.05).所有病例随访(56.9±6.2)个月,免补片组复发率为0,TEP组复发率为2.1%(χ~2=0.51,P>0.05).结论 腹腔镜免补片治疗腹股沟疝安全、可行,恢复快、住院时间短、费用少.     

Treatment of a half century year old giant inguinoscrotal hernia. A case report

IntroductionInguinal hernias, although a common medical entity, can on rare occasions present as giant inguinoscrotal hernias, mostly because of the patient’s rejection of timely surgical management.Presentation of caseA 77 year old patient, with a giant inguinoscrotal hernia history for more than 50 years, was advised to undergo surgical treatment due to recurrent urinary tract infections and vague abdominal pain. Physical examination showed a right sided giant inguinoscrotal hernia extending below the midpoint of the inner thigh. Preoperative CT examination confirmed a giant inguinoscrotal hernia containing the whole of the small bowel along with its mesentery.DiscussionGiant inguinoscrotal hernias are classified into three types based on size, with each one posing a challenge to treat. There are a number of surgical options and recommendations available, depending on the type of hernia. They require close postoperative observation, because the sudden increase in the intra-abdominal pressure can account for a number of complications. Our case was classified as a type II hernia, having longevity of more than 50 years. Despite this, it was treated with forced reduction and no debulking through an extended inguinal and lower midline incision, forming a ‘V shaped’ incision. Patient recovery was uneventful and he was discharged on the 10th postoperative day.ConclusionPreoperative management and the correct surgical plan depending on the case are key elements in the successful treatment of this rare surgical entity.     

��ǻ�����ɹ����޲���2056������

目的评价腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术(LIHR)的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2001年1月至2011年12月上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院普外科2056例(2473侧)行LIHR的临床资料,其中经腹腹膜前修补术(TAPP)874例(1005侧),全腹膜外修补术(TEP)1175例(1458侧),腹腔内修补术(IPOM)7例(10侧)。2473侧疝中,斜疝1481侧(59.9%),直疝525侧(21.2%),复发疝225侧(9.1%),复合疝206侧(8.3%),股疝36侧(1.5%)。疝分型:Ⅰ型疝95侧(3.8%),Ⅱ型疝995侧(40.2%),Ⅲ型疝1157侧(46.8%),Ⅳ型疝226侧(9.1%)。手术由同组医师完成,术式选择由术者决定,随访时间3～60个月(中位时间35个月)。结果 1例TAPP因腹腔广泛粘连中转为Lichtenstein术。病人术后无需应用镇痛剂。2周和4周内恢复非限制性活动率为99.0%和99.9%。共6例复发,复发率为0.24%。TAPP和TEP各3例复发。发生3例严重并发症,分别为戳孔疝、肠管损伤和机械性肠梗阻,其他并发症依次为血清肿129例(5.2%)、尿潴留34例(1.4%)、暂时性神经感觉异常26例(1.1%)、麻痹性肠梗阻3例(0.12%)。结论 LIHR是安全有效的手术,合理选择手术适应证和规范化操作可以获得良好的临床效果。     

疝环充填式无张力疝修补术治疗腹股沟嵌顿疝

目的探讨疝环充填式无张力疝修补术治疗腹股沟嵌顿疝的临床效果. 方法采用美国巴德公司的聚丙烯锥形充填物及成型补片对45例腹股沟斜疝嵌顿施行疝环充填式无张力疝修补术. 结果手术时间48～98 min,平均75 min.术后12～24 h均下床活动.切口疼痛2～4 d.术后切口脂肪液化2例,排尿困难2例.术后住院3～10 d,平均5 d.39例随访5～18个月,平均12.5月,无复发. 结论疝环充填式无张力疝修补术具有安全、创伤小、恢复快、术后复发率低的优点,对嵌顿疝可Ⅰ期成功修补,临床效果满意.     

疝环充填式无张力疝修补术在老年腹股沟疝中的应用（附１２１例报告）

目的 总结老年疝环充填式无张力疝修补术的近期治疗效果。方法 全部采用mesh-plug定型产品行疝环充填式无张力修补。结果 １２１例均手术过程顺利,术后并发尿潴留６例,阴囊积液４例,伤口持续疼痛２例,度隆起伴异物感２例,切口下血肿２例。随访１－２４个月,短期复发２例。结论 疝环充填式无张力疝修补术是一种完全符合生理解剖,具有手术方法操作简单、创伤小、无张力、省时、近期疗效满意及复发率低的理想疝修补术,尤其适合老年和（或）伴有其它疾病者。     

腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补与开放性腹股沟疝修补的疗效对比研究

【摘要】〓目的〓比较腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补与开放性腹股沟疝修补的优缺点。方法 对2012年5月~2013年5月中山市中医院240例成人腹股沟疝修补术进行回顾性分析,其中开放性疝修补术(开腹疝修补组)148例,腹腔镜疝修补术(腔镜疝修补组)92例。收集两组患者的手术时间、住院时间、住院费用、术后复发、术后慢性疼痛、术后阴囊积液及术后感染的临床资料并进行比较。 结果 开腹疝修补组患者在平均手术时间、平均住院费用少于腔镜疝修补(P均<0.01);开腹疝修补组术后复发(3例)、术后慢性疼痛(11例)、术后阴囊积液(2例)及术后感染(1例)等总并发症高于腔镜疝修补组(P<0.05);两组的平均住院时间差异无统计学意义。结论 腔镜组腹股沟疝修补术具有较少的术后并发症,但在住院时间、住院费用方面没有优势。     

98例腹股沟疝无张力修补术治疗体会

目的探讨MycroMesh平片在腹股沟疝无张力修补术中的临床应用方法及价值。方法自2006年3月至2007年3月应用美国戈尔公司MycroMesh平片治疗腹股沟疝98例，观察手术时问、伤口疼痛、并发症及复发率。结果手术全部成功，平均时间60min，20例伤口轻度疼痛，9例出现阴囊积液，伤口感染1例，术后5～7d治愈出院。随访30～40个月未见复发病例。结论MycroMesh平片无张力疝修补术是治疗腹股沟疝的理想术式，具有创伤小、痛苦小、恢复快、复发率低等优点，但应遵循一定的手术操作规范。     

腹腔镜经腹腹膜前疝修补术联合腹股沟区小切口在腹股沟疝治疗中的应用

目的探讨腹腔镜经腹腹膜前疝修补术（TAPP）联合腹股沟区小切口治疗难复性及嵌顿性腹股沟疝患者的临床疗效。 方法回顾性分析2016年1月至2019年4月,常熟市第二人民医院62例一期行疝修补手术的单侧难复性或嵌顿性腹股沟疝患者的临床资料,其中行腹股沟区小切口联合TAPP修补术患者16例,行TAPP修补术患者21例,行开放无张力修补术患者25例。 结果TAPP联合腹股沟区小切口组与TAPP组住院时间、手术时间、切口并发症、排尿困难及睾丸坏死发生率等方面比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;而在住院费用及术后阴囊/会阴肿胀发生率方面比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。TAPP联合腹股沟区小切口组与开放组比较,在住院时间、术后切口并发症发生率及排尿困难发生率比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;而在住院费用、手术时间、其他术后并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论TAPP联合腹股沟区小切口治疗难复性或嵌顿性腹股沟疝行可缩短住院时间或减少术后并发症的发生,值得在临床中应用推行。     

New method of inguinal hernia repair: a new solution

Background : A new technique to strengthen the posterior wall of the inguinal canal in all types of inguinal hernias is described. This method of repair is done without mesh and has been developed because mesh is not easily available in rural or remote parts of many countries. Methods : After excision of the sac, a strip of the external oblique aponeurosis (EOA) is partially separated from its medial leaf, keeping its continuity intact at either end. This undetached strip of EOA is sutured to the inguinal ligament below and the arch of muscle above, behind the cord, to form a new posterior wall. This strip is put under tension by muscular contraction and works as a shield to prevent recurrence so that the external oblique muscle gives additional strength to the weakened internal oblique and transverse abdominis muscles. Results : A total of 400 patients have been operated on from 1983 to 1999 and follow up by physical examination was carried out. (Eighty patients have been followed up for more than 10 years.) The postoperative period was comfortable with a hospital stay of 2–3 days and a return to work within 1–2 weeks. Recurrence was seen in only one case and haematocoele in one case. Conclusion : These results are comparable with operations performed with mesh. This operation is simple to perform, does not require mesh or extensive dissection and has produced excellent results. Therefore it is a good alternative to mesh or other open or laparoscopic repairs.     

腹股沟嵌顿疝充填式无张力修补术269例分析

目的探讨充填式无张力修补手术治疗腹股沟嵌顿疝的有效性和可行性。方法总结我院2003年1月至2008年1月对269例腹股沟嵌顿疝施行充填式无张力修补手术,观察手术后的局部疼痛、局部积液、切口感染以及术后复发情况,并加以分析。结果269例术后患者经2年以上随访,阴囊积液2例（0．7％）,短期复发2例（0．7％）,慢性疼痛15例（5．5％）,局部异物感53例（19．7％）。无手术死亡,无切口感染。结论充填式无张力修补手术治疗腹股沟嵌顿疝是有效、可行的。     

Acupuncture anaesthesia in inguinal hernia repair

Background: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture anaesthesia in inguinal hernia repair. Methods: Twelve patients with non‐recurrent inguinal hernia had Lichtenstein mesh repair under acupuncture anaesthesia. Selected acupuncture loci were stimulated with fine needles connected to low frequency current. Supplementary local anaesthetic was given when required. Results: Four (33%) patients reported satisfactory analgesic effect throughout the operation without need for additional medication, eight (67%) patients experienced mild discomfort during the operation requiring 1?4 mL of 1% lignocaine injection. Blood pressure and heart rate were stable during the procedure. All patients were able to sit up and resume their diet immediately post­operatively. All but one patient were discharged on day one after the procedure, with no early or late complications reported. Most patients were satisfied with the analgesic effect of acupuncture anaesthesia. Conclusions: Acupuncture anaesthesia is a feasible anaesthetic option. It reduces the amount of local anaesthetic required, and thus the associated potential complications. It is effective in pain relief and inhibiting gastrointestinal upset. Postoperative recovery was rapid and complication free.     

Bilateral megaureters presenting as an inguinal hernia

A 4-week-old male presented with a swelling in the right groin. At herniotomy a megaureter was discovered and a subsequent IVU demonstrated bilateral megaureters.     

单孔腹腔镜全腹膜外操作与开放式腹股沟疝无张力修补术的对比研究

目的比较单孔腹腔镜全腹膜外操作与开放式腹股沟疝无张力修补术的临床治疗效果。方法回顾性分析我院2015年1月~2015年6月收治的50例男性单侧腹股沟疝患者的临床资料,年龄18~63岁,中位年龄37岁,所有患者均签署知情同意书,符合医学伦理学规定。患者术前均经超声及临床体格检查,确诊为腹股沟疝。21例行单孔腹腔镜全腹膜外腹股沟疝无张力修补术,29例行开放无张力疝修补术治疗,比较两种术式的手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间、术后并发症、术后24小时及慢性疼痛(1月以上)、总住院费用等临床疗效。结果单孔腹腔镜组手术时间、术中出血量、术后平均住院时间及术后24小时疼痛率显著低于开放组,差异有显著性(P0.05);而在总住院费用方面,开放式腹股沟疝无张力修补术组显著低于SILS-TEP组,差异有显著性,有统计学意义(P0.05);而二者在慢性疼痛(1月以上)和术后并发症方面没有显著性差异(P0.05)。结论采用单孔腹腔镜全腹膜外腹股沟疝无张力修补术的患者术后恢复较好,临床效果明显优于开放性无张力修补术。     

Laparoscopic treated neuralgia after inguinal hernia repair: case report and literature review

Background: Neuralgia after inguinal hernia repair is a known but potential invalidating complication with a reported incidence of 10–12%. Diagnosis and treatment can be challenging. Based on a case report and literature review, disease aspects and treatment options including laparoscopic (triple) neurectomy are discussed.

Methods: A case of laparoscopic treated neuralgia after hernia inguinalis repair is reported. After an extensive MeSH-term based literature search, 26 articles were included for in-depth analysis and literature review.

Results: Pharmacotherapy encounters high numbers needed to treat and technical procedures often require re-intervention. Surgery should only be considered after one year of unsuccessful conventional treatment. Laparoscopic (triple) neurectomy is a minimal invasive procedure, providing optimal visualisation of the inguinal nerves. It is reported to be a safe and effective treatment option for refractory inguinal neuralgia.

Conclusions: Chronic neuralgia can be a severe complication after inguinal hernia repair. When pharmacotherapy and technical interventions are not sufficient, a laparoscopic (triple) neurectomy can be a promising, safe and effective treatment option.     

Complex inguinal hernia repairs

Introduction  Complex inguinal hernia treatment is a challenge for general surgeons. The gold standard for the repair of inguinal hernias is the Lichtenstein repair (anterior approach). However, when multiple recurrent hernias or giant hernias are present, it is necessary to choose different approaches because the incidence of poor results increases. There are many preperitoneal approaches described in the literature. For example: (a) open procedure—Nyhus and Stoppa (b) laparoscopic technique—transabdominal pre-peritoneal (TAPP) and totally extraperitoneal (TEP). In this study, we show how we repair complicated cases using open access in huge unilateral or bilateral, recurrent, or multiple recurrent inguinal hernias. Methods  The present study includes the period from November 1993 through December 2007. One hundred and eighty-eight patients, divided into 121 with unilateral hernias and 67 with bilateral hernias, totaling 255 inguinal hernia repairs, were treated by the Nyhus or Stoppa preperitoneal approach, depending on whether they were unilateral or bilateral. We used progressive preoperative pneumoperitoneum for oversize inguinal hernias in all patients. Results  Orchiectomy was necessary on only two occasions. Despite the repair complexity involved, we had only two known recurrences. The mortality was zero and the morbidity was acceptable. Conclusions  We conclude that an accurate open preperitoneal approach using mesh prosthesis for complex inguinal hernias is safe, with very low recurrent rates and low morbidity. Progressive preoperative pneumoperitoneum for giant hernias was shown to be an important factor in accomplishing good intraoperative and immediate postoperative results.