The effect of different nasal irrigation solutions following septoplasty and concha radiofrequency: a prospective randomized study

Introduction

Nasal irrigation solutions are widely used following endonasal surgery. These irrigation solutions remove infective debris and crusts, reducing the probability of synechia formation, and accelerate mucosal healing.

Increased expression of pendrin in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

IntroductionChronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is a heterogeneous disease and appropriate diagnostic algorithms in individual cases are necessary for effective medical treatment.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between the pendrin expression of nasal polyps and clinical and pathological characteristic features of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis.MethodsA total of 68 patients were classified into eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis or non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis groups according to the degree of eosinophilic infiltration into the nasal polyps. Clinical, hematological, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed and statistically compared between both groups.ResultsThirty-eight were classified into eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis and 30 into non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis groups. There were no significant differences in age distribution, sex ratio, prevalence of asthma, or any other complications between the groups. The mean Lund–Mackay score and the number of serum eosinophils was significantly higher in the eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis than in the non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis groups. The pendrin expression was more frequently detected in the epithelial surface layer of nasal polyps in the eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis than in the non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis groups. In addition, mucin 5AC was more widely expressed in the eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis than in the non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis.ConclusionIncreased expression of pendrin and mucin 5AC in the nasal polyps would be associated with development of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis. This finding could allow the development of a novel therapeutic agent targeted specifically to patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis.     

Sleep quality assessment in chronic rhinosinusitis patients submitted to endoscopic sinus surgery: a meta-analysis

IntroductionChronic rhinosinusitis can lead to poor sleep quality in affected individuals. Endoscopic nasal surgery has been indicated for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, resulting in improved quality of life, but it is still unknown if there is a similar improvement in sleep quality after the surgical procedure.ObjectiveTo estimate the sleep quality of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis after undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery.MethodsThe literature search was conducted in the indexed databases PubMed, Embase, Lilacs, SciELO, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, Database of Thesis and Dissertations of CAPES, Cochrane Library, Clinical Trials and in the grey literature. It included studies that reported the sleep quality of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis after undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery based on questionnaires assessing quality of life. Two researchers independently conducted the study selection and extraction. The random effects model was chosen to conduct the meta-analysis that was performed using the statistical package STATA, version 11.ResultsOverall, 4 studies and 509 subjects were included in the systematic review. Improved sleep quality was observed in 90% of the patients. There was an improvement (on average, from 57% to 67%) in each of the five symptoms related to sleep quality. The results of the meta-analysis revealed high heterogeneity.ConclusionsThis review shows that a large percentage of patients report improved sleep quality after endoscopic sinus surgery.     

中药鼻腔冲洗治疗慢性鼻窦炎术后有效性和安全性的Meta分析

目的 系统评价近10年中药鼻腔冲洗治疗慢性鼻窦炎术后的临床疗效和安全性。 方法 以中药冲洗、慢性鼻窦炎以及随机对照试验等为检索主题,检索近10年各大中英文数据库:Pubmed、Web of science、The Cochrane Library、Embase和中国知网、万方数据库、维普、中国生物医学数据库等关于以中药冲洗鼻腔为干预措施治疗慢性鼻窦炎术后的随机对照试验,严格按照纳入及排除标准对文献进行筛选,并进行质量评估,使用R软件进行分析。结果纳入47个随机对照实验,分3个研究组参与Meta分析。 结果 中药鼻腔冲洗组的总有效率、治愈率较生理盐水冲洗组、空白组的更高;在症状评分上,中药冲洗组的VAS评分优于其余对照组,中药冲洗组较西药冲洗组、空白对照组能更好地降低鼻塞、嗅觉减退的症状评分,中药冲洗组较盐水冲洗组、空白对照组能更好地降低流涕症状评分,中药冲洗组较盐水冲洗组、西药冲洗组、空白对照组在降低头面胀痛症状评分上差异无统计学意义;在客观评价上,中药冲洗组在促进术后术腔上皮化、Lund-Kennedy内镜评分、鼻黏膜纤毛传输速率上均优于对照组。11篇文献进行了安全性报道,均未发生不良反应事件。 结论 中药鼻腔冲洗治疗慢性鼻窦炎术后疗效显著,优于等渗生理盐水冲洗、抗生素、激素溶液冲洗等,具有进一步临床推广价值。     

应用鼻腔冲洗器冲洗鼻腔对慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者鼻腔黏液纤毛功能的影响

目的观察应用鼻腔冲洗器冲洗鼻腔对慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者鼻腔黏膜纤毛功能的影响。方法60例单纯性慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组用3%高渗盐水经鼻腔冲洗器冲洗鼻腔,对照组用3%高渗盐水经灌肠袋冲洗鼻腔,均为每日两次,连续冲洗14天,并辅以短期药物辅助治疗。分别于治疗前、治疗2周及疗后3月以糖精试验法检测鼻腔黏液纤毛清除率,比较两组鼻腔黏膜纤毛功能恢复情况和症状与体征的变化。结果治疗前2组的鼻腔黏液纤毛清除率差异无统计学意义;治疗2周后治疗组清除率为6.15±2.16mm/min,对照组为4.99±1.35mm/min,P＜0.05,前者的症状改善程度也较为明显;疗后3月治疗组清除率为6.81±1.45mm/min,对照组为6.69±2.41mm/min,P＞0.05。结论用鼻腔冲洗器冲洗鼻腔可有效促进鼻腔黏膜纤毛功能的早期恢复,对慢性鼻-鼻窦炎有辅助治疗作用。     

布地奈德联合生理盐水鼻腔冲洗对慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的疗效及对鼻腔分泌物IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α的影响

目的 探讨布地奈德联合生理盐水鼻腔冲洗对慢性鼻-鼻窦炎(CRS)的疗效及对鼻腔分泌物白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)的影响。 方法 研究对象选自2016年2月至2017年5月收治的128例CRS患者,采取随机数字表将其分成两组,每组64例。对照组给予生理盐水鼻腔冲洗,观察组在生理盐水中加入布地奈德混悬液,比较两组临床疗效、治疗前后鼻腔分泌物IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平变化情况以及患侧鼻腔Lund-Kennedy评分、鼻窦CT评分变化情况。 结果 经过4周治疗,观察组总有效率为93.75%(60/64),与对照组71.88%(46/64)相比明显上升(P<0.01)。治疗后两组患侧鼻腔Lund-Kennedy评分、鼻窦CT评分均较治疗前显著降低(P<0.01),但观察组评分下降更明显(P<0.01)。治疗后两组鼻腔分泌物IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平均较治疗前显著降低(P<0.01),但观察组各项炎性因子水平降低更明显(P<0.01)。两组治疗过程中均未出现明显不良反应。 结论 布地奈德联合生理盐水鼻腔冲洗治疗CRS可显著缓解鼻腔炎症反应,改善鼻腔充血、肿胀等症状,疗效确切。     

Treatment of post-intubation laryngeal granulomas: systematic review and proportional meta-analysis

Introduction

Laryngeal granulomas post intubation are benign but recurrent lesions. There is no consensus for its treatment.

Comparison of natural ostiodilatation and endoscopic sinus surgery in the same patient with chronic sinusitis

IntroductionChronic rhinosinusitis is a broad clinical syndrome characterized by mucosal inflammation of the nose and paranasal sinuses. In order for the paranasal sinuses to maintain their physiological functions; the ostiomeatal complex drainage pathways must be open. Surgical procedures are an important treatment option in patients who do not respond adequately to medical treatment. Although the methods and instruments used in functional endoscopic sinus surgery have continued to improve in recent years, the scar tissue formed during operation disrupts the drainage of the sinuses and reduces postoperative success. The natural ostiodilatation method, which is performed by balloon sinoplasty method, has become more and more popular in recent years.ObjectivesTo compare the technique of balloon sinoplasty with the classical functional endoscopic sinus surgery method by considering the severity of chronic sinusitis on the same patient.MethodsTotal of 61 chronic sinusitis patients was included in the study. Paranasal sinus tomography of the patients was taken and according to the Lund–Mackay scoring, chronic sinusitis levels were determined. Cases were divided into two groups: Group 1 (severe chronic sinusitis group) and Group 2 (mild chronic sinusitis).ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in the results of comparison of sinuses which underwent balloon sinoplasty and classical functional endoscopic sinus surgery in Group 2 after Lund–Mackay scores. However in Group 1, the results of the comparison of postoperative Lund–Mackay scores of the balloon sinoplasty and the classical endoscopic operation were statistically significantly lower than those of the face half operated with the classical functional endoscopic sinus surgery.ConclusionThe success of balloon sinoplasty in patients with mild sinusitis is the same as in classic functional endoscopic sinus surgery. However, as the severity of sinusitis increases, the efficacy of balloon sinoplasty decreases.     

慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴或不伴鼻息肉患者鼻内镜手术的疗效及影响因素分析

目的 探讨慢性鼻-鼻窦炎(CRS)伴或不伴鼻息肉患者鼻内镜手术的疗效及其影响因素。 方法 纳入126例伴鼻息肉和154例不伴鼻息肉的CRS患者,行鼻内镜手术治疗后随访6个月,比较两组患者的疗效、并发症和生活质量,并分析疗效的影响因素。 结果 两组疗效和并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后CRS伴或不伴鼻息肉患者的生活质量SF-36问卷躯体健康、躯体角色功能、心理健康、情绪角色功能、精力和总体健康得分均较前显著升高(P<0.05),CRS不伴鼻息肉患者的情绪角色功能显著高于CRS伴鼻息肉患者(t=-4.107, P<0.001);治疗后规律冲洗鼻腔(P<0.001, OR=0.456, 95%CI: 0.727~0.913)和规律使用激素(P=0.029, OR=0.645, 95%CI: 0.325~0.752)对疗效有显著影响。 结论 鼻内镜手术对CRS伴或不伴鼻息肉患者的疗效和安全性无差别,但不伴鼻息肉的患者术后情绪角色功能恢复更佳,CRS的疗效还受到术后是否规律行鼻腔冲洗和激素的影响,因此临床应重视术后处理。     

Biotherapy and treatment of adult primary chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: Cellular and molecular bases

The present article reviews the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwCRSwNP) and underlying the action mechanisms of biotherapies. Biotherapy uses substances naturally produced by the organism or their specific antagonists targeting a proinflammatory mechanism. CRSwCRSwNP is a form of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), which is classically subdivided in to 2 types according to the presence of polyps. In recent years, the concept of endotypes emerged, with a more exhaustive definition of the types of CRS according to inflammatory mechanism, with a view to developing personalized treatments. CRSwNP pathophysiology is poorly understood. Polyps arise from a primary epithelial lesion in a context of chronic local inflammation, mainly type 2 in Europe, implicating eosinophils, IgE, Th2 cytokines (IL-4/IL-13, IL-5) and T and B cells. Biotherapy seems promising in CRSwNP. The present review details the various pathophysiological pathways underlying the action mechanisms of biotherapies, and the various published studies, assessing efficacy and mode of action in the treatment of CRSwNP.     

The efficacy and safety of ciclesonide for the treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

IntroductionAllergic rhinitis is a chronic inflammatory disease which affects 1 out of 6 individuals. Perennial allergic rhinitis accounts for 40% of AR cases. Ciclesonide is one of the relatively new intranasal steroid for allergic rhinitis.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ciclesonide in the treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis.MethodsWe searched Pubmed, Scientific Citation Index, Embase, Clinical Trial Registries for randomized controlled trials and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to find out the randomized controlled Trial comparing ciclesonide with placebo for PAR.ResultsEight studies were included. In comparison with placebo groups, ciclesonide groups significantly decreased Reflective Total Nasal Symptom Score (MD = ?0.56; 95% CI ?0.72 to 0.39, p < 0.00001) with heterogeneity (p = 0.19, I² = 24%), Instantaneous Total Nasal Symptom Score (MD = ?0.57; 95% CI ?0.75 to ?0.39, p < 0.00001) with heterogeneity (p = 0.34, I² = 11%). A significant effect for Reflective Nasal Symptom Score Subtotal (MD = ?0.15; 95% CI ?0.18 to ?0.13, p < 0.00001) with heterogeneity (p = 0.12, I² = 24%) was also demonstrated. Rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire score (RQLQs) (MD = ?0.27; 95% CI ?0.39 to ?0.15, p < 0.00001) with heterogeneity (p = 0.58, I² = 0%) in the treatment of ciclesonide was also significantly reduced. In addition, the difference in Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events between the two groups was not significant.ConclusionCiclesonide can improve perennial allergic rhinitis without increasing adverse events. Ciclesonide may be another valuable choice for perennial allergic rhinitis in the future.     

鼻腔扩容术对慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴睡眠呼吸暂停

目的 探讨鼻腔扩容术对慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)成年患者睡眠质量的影响。 方法 选取80例慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)成年患者,治疗之前对所有患者进行鼻阻力测量鼻功能检查、耳鼻喉专科查体以及多导睡眠监测,并填写Epworth嗜睡量表(ESS)以及鼻腔鼻窦结局测量-20(SNOT-20)量表。术后随访,第3个月时对所有患者复查以上指标。 结果 术前与术后3个月相比,所有患者SNOT-20量表总分明显降低(P<0.05);ESS值明显降低(P<0.05);鼻腔总阻力明显下降(P<0.05)。 结论 SNOT-20量表与多导睡眠联合监测对鼻腔扩容术的疗效评价更为准确,应用鼻腔扩容术可以显著改善慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征成年患者睡眠质量。     

Vocal assessment of addicts on methadone therapy via the RBH scale and objective acoustic parameters

Introduction

A large number of people around the world struggle daily to become free of their addiction to illegal psychoactive substances. In order to create an atmosphere of improved supervision, established communication and improved quality of life for drug addicts, centers have been set up to provide methadone as a substitute.

基于随机森林与人工神经网络慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉诊断模型的构建与分析

目的 慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉(CRSwNP)是一个全球性的健康问题,现有的诊断技术存在一定局限性,因此有必要开发新的诊断模型来补充现有的诊断方法。方法 利用CRSwNP患者(GSE23552、GSE36830)的公开基因表达数据来识别潜在的差异基因,应用随机森林算法和人工神经网络进一步筛选特异性基因,建立CRSwNP的早期诊断模型。结果 共发现78个上调基因和25个下调基因,随机森林算法筛选了4个特异性基因(HPGDS、IL1RL1、FMO3、DOK3),人工神经网络构建出基于上述基因的预测模型,该模型具有良好的预测效果(AUC=0.986),独立数据集GSE194282进一步验证了其准确性(AUC=0.888)。结论 采用机器学习方法建立了一个基于基因表达水平的预测模型,该模型可以预测早期CRSwNP,有助于早期诊断和改善临床决策。     

Effect of caffeine on vestibular evoked myogenic potential: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Introduction

Caffeine can be considered the most consumed drug by adults worldwide, and can be found in several foods, such as chocolate, coffee, tea, soda and others. Overall, caffeine in moderate doses, results in increased physical and intellectual productivity, increases the capacity of concentration and reduces the time of reaction to sensory stimuli. On the other hand, high doses can cause noticeable signs of mental confusion and error induction in intellectual tasks, anxiety, restlessness, muscle tremors, tachycardia, labyrinthine changes, and tinnitus.