胃癌109例雌激素受体与孕激素受体的检测研究

自１９８６～１９９３年采用李氏荧光雌激素组织化学法对胃癌１０９创作了雌激素受体（ＥＲ）、孕激素受体（ＰｇＲ）测定，同时对８例非肿瘤病人的胃正常粘膜作了ＥＲ、ＰｇＲ测定。１０９例胃癌的ＥＲ、ＰｇＲ阳性率分别为２３％、２７．５％，８例非肿瘤病人的胃正常粘膜ＥＲ、ＰｇＲ均阴性。１０９例胃癌中高分化腺癌ＥＲ、ＰｇＲ阳性率分别为４４．１％（１５／３４）、４７．１％（１６／３４），均明显高于低分化腺癌的１４％（６／４３）及２０．９％（９／４３），ＥＲ为Ｐ＜０．０２、ＰｇＲ为Ｐ＜０．０５，发病年龄及性别与ＥＲ、ＰｇＲ均无关。认为ＥＲ、ＰｇＲ阳性的胃癌与雌激素靶器官的恶性肿瘤一样，可能为雌激素依赖性肿瘤，对内分泌治疗有着良好的前景。     

亲和组化法检测乳腺癌雌,孕激素受体状态的研究

用亲和组化法（半定量分析法）同时检测６７例乳腺癌和良性病变组织印片和石腊切片的ＥＲ／ＰｇＲ状态，二种玻片的ＥＲ阳性、阴性和总符合率分别为８９．５％、９６．６％和９２．５％；双顶阳性（ＥＲ＋／ＰｇＲ＋）、双项阴性（ＥＲ－／ＰｇＲ－）和双项总符合率分别为７５．９％、９２．６％和８２．１％；同种方法检测１５７例随机乳腺癌石腊切片，发现ＥＲ阳性率为５８．６％（９２例）；ＰｇＲ阳性率４８．４％（７６例）．１５７例随访资料提示，受体双项阳性者，其健康良好。乳腺癌分期同ＥＲ／ＰｇＲ状态的比较，ＥＲ＋／ＰｓＲ＋者的Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ期病例分别为３７．５％、４５．３％和１７．２％，无Ⅳ期病例：而ＥＲ－／ＰｇＲ－者则为１３．８％、２２．４％和４３．１％．提示，用亲和组化法测定乳腺癌石腊切片ＥＲ／ＰｇＲ状态有较好的可信性。但对乳腺粘液腺癌和派杰氏病宜用切片或针吸涂片。     

DCC法检测食管鳞癌组织中雌,孕激素胞浆,胞核受体

对３０例原发食管鳞癌组织及１６例正常食管组织中雌、孕激素受体在胞浆和胞核（ＥＲｃ、ＥＲｎ、ＰｇＲｃ、ＰｇＲｎ）中分布进行分析，结果显示：正常食管组织中ＥＲｃ、ＥＲｎ、ＰｇＲｃ和ＰｇＲｎ均未检出；癌组织中上述受体含量分别为０～８４．６ｆｍｏｌ／ｍｇ蛋白、０～８７．７ｆｍｏｌ／ｍｇＤＮＡ、０～６８．０ｆｍｏｌ／ｍｇ蛋白和０～６９．４ｆｍｏｌ／ｍｇＤＮＡ，阳性率分别为３６．７％、３３．３％、３０％和３０％，受体含量及阳性率均明显高于正常食管组织（Ｐ＜０．０５）。上述受体阳性率随癌组织学分级增加而明显下降，且女性高于男性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。     

药物诱导的小鼠肺肿瘤中雌、孕激素受体的研究

本文研究肺肿瘤组织中雌激素受体（ＥＲ）和孕激素受体（ＰＲ）的水平。小鼠注射乌拉坦和已烯雌酚诱导肺肿瘤，采用免疫组化方法测定肺肿瘤中的ＥＲ、ＰＲ。乌拉坦和已烯雌酚联合诱导的肺恶性肿瘤的ＥＲ、ＰＲ阳性率比单纯乌拉坦诱导的为高，说明已烯酚可能可提高癌组织性激素受体含量。ＥＲ阳性率与恶性肿瘤大小有关，但与良性肿瘤大小无关；ＰＲ阳性率与良、恶性肿瘤大小均无关。恶性肿瘤的ＥＲ、ＰＲ阳性率（分别为４６３％和５２５％）显著高于良性肿瘤（分别为１８８％和２０２％）。良性肿瘤ＥＲ、ＰＲ同时阳性率为１１６％，同时阴性率为７２５％；恶性肿瘤ＥＲ、ＰＲ同时阳性率为３１３％，同时阴性率为３２５％。结果提示肺肿瘤可能为性激素依赖性肿瘤，并为肺癌的临床内分泌治疗提供依据     

卵巢恶性肿瘤雌激素受体及孕激素受体的研究

应用酶联雌二醇（Ｅ２－ＨＲＰ）和酶联孕酮（Ｐｇ－ＨＲＰ）亲和组化法检测卵巢恶性肿瘤雌激素受体和孕激素受体４５例，结果ＥＲ阳性３５例，ＰｇＲ阳性３３例，其阳性检出率依次为７７％和７３％，不同类型肿瘤的受体水平有差异，上皮性癌肿的阳性检出率较转移癌高。检测结果显示：肿瘤分化越好，受体水平也越高，早期癌比晚期癌的ＥＲ，ＰｇＲ受体水平高，受体阳性者术后加用他莫西芬联合化疗治疗，其生存时间较阴性者长，复发亦     

涎腺肿瘤中雌,孕激素受体的表达及意义

用酶联亲合组化法在石蜡切片上对４４例涎腺肿瘤组织中的ＥＲ和ＰｇＲ进行检测。结果表明，多形性腺瘤ＥＲ（＋）率为３３．３３％，ＰｇＲ（＋）率为８．３３％；涎腺癌ＥＲ（＋）率为６８．７５％，ＰｇＲ（＋）率为５３．３３％，这些肿瘤尤其是涎腺癌可能是激素依赖性。阳性颗粒在多形性腺瘤多出现在细胞核中，在涎腺癌多出现在细胞浆内。另外，在粘液表皮样癌中ＥＲ和ＰｇＲ表达与肿瘤分化程度呈正相关，并且粘液样细胞对ＥＲ和ＰｇＲ均不表达，表皮样细胞和中间型细胞表达与否和表达强度基本一致。     

女性激素受体与甲状腺癌,腺瘤及结节性甲状腺肿生长的相关性研究

采用免疫组织化学方法对１９９５￣１９９７年完成的３６０例甲状腺癌、腺癌及结节性甲状腺肿的切除标本进行雌激素受体（ＥＲ）和孕激素受体（ＰｇＲ）检测，探讨女性激素在甲状腺癌的发生过程中所起的作用。结果显示甲状腺癌、腺瘤及结节性甲状腺肿的病变组织中，多可查见例数不等和含量不同的女性激素受体，其中甲状腺癌的ＥＲ、ＰｇＲ阳性表达（５９．０％、６．７％）明显高于结节性甲状腺肿和腺瘤（３４．０％、２５．９％，Ｐ     

甲状腺癌,腺瘤及正常甲状腺组织女性激素受体检测的临床…

采用酶联亲和组化法于石蜡切片对６７例甲状腺癌，２０例腺瘤及３３例瘤旁正常甲状腺组织进行了雌激素受体（ＥＲ）和孕激素受体（ＰｇＲ）检测。结果显示：在腺癌中ＥＲ、ＰｇＲ阳性表达明显高于腺瘤及正常组织（Ｐ〈０．０１），癌组织中乳头状癌阳性率最高，滤泡状癌次之，未分化及其它癌最低，４０岁以前癌组织中ＰｇＲ阳性率高于４０岁以后（Ｐ〈０．０５），女性癌组织中ＰｇＲ阳性率高于男性（Ｐ〈０．０５）。提示，ＥＲ，Ｐ     

卵巢肿瘤性类固醇激素受体的研究

采用Ｌｅｅ ＳＨ荧光素组化法检测８０例卵上皮源性肿瘤的雌激素受体（ＤＲ）和孕激素受体（ＰＲ）。结果发现：４０例良性肿瘤中，２７例有中、高水平的ＥＲ、ＰＲ（６９％）。３８例卵巢癌中，１６例有中、高水平的ＥＲ、ＰＲ（４１％）。未见全部由受体阴性癌细胞构成的肿瘤。卵巢交界性肿瘤的ＥＲ、ＰＲ阳性细胞多位于相对良性区域、随着肿瘤异型性的增加，ＥＲ、ＰＲ阳性细胞减少。高分化癌较中、低分化癌的受体水平高。临床早     

药物诱民的小鼠肺肿瘤中雌,孕激素受体的研究

本文研究肺肿瘤组织中雌激素受体（ＥＲ）和孕激素受体（ＰＲ）的水平。小鼠注射乌拉坦和己烯雌酚诱导肺肿瘤，采用免疫组化方法测定肺肿瘤中的ＥＲ、ＰＲ。乌拉坦和己烯雌酚联合导的肺性肿瘤的ＥＲ、ＰＲ阳性率比单纯乌拉坦诱导的为高，说明已烯酚可能可提高癌组织性激素受体含量。ＥＲ阳性率与恶性肿瘤大小有关，但怀良性肿瘤大小无关；ＰＲ阳性率与良、恶性肿瘤大小均无关。恶性肿瘤的ＥＲ、ＰＲ阳性率显著高于良性肿瘤。良性肿瘤     

Estrogen and progesterone receptor profile patterns in primary breast cancer

Summary Estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) analyses have been performed in 884 primary, malignant human breast tumor biopsies. Receptor contents were evaluated with respect to age and menopausal status. The frequency of ER + tumors was found to be significantly higher in postmenopausal than in pre/perimenopausal women. Age rather than menopausal status was found to be associated with this difference. The significant association with age was found in the post- but not the pre/perimenopausal women.The frequency of PgR + tumors was found to be significantly lower in the postmenopausal than in the pre/perimenopausal women. Neither age nor menopausal status alone could account for this difference, which appears to be due to a compound effect of the two factors.The distribution of receptor profile patterns is described according to menopausal status. The patterns differ significantly in pre- and postmenopausal women. PgR dominates in the premenopausal tumor while ER dominates in the postmenopausal tumor. This difference is apparent within the subgroup of ER + PgR + patients as well.The current tenets for prediction of recurrent disease utilizing steroid hormone receptor determinations are discussed for the group of ER + PgR + patients.sponsored by The Danish Cancer Society     

骨肉瘤组织中雌、孕激素受体的表达及临床意义

目的探讨骨肉瘤组织中雌激素受体（ＥＲ）、孕激素受体（ＰＲ）的表达及其与临床特征的关系。方法应用免疫组化改良ＳＰ方法对６５例骨肉瘤蜡块组织进行了ＥＲ、ＰＲ检测。结合临床特点进行统计学分析。所有病人术前均未接受内分泌治疗。结果骨肉瘤中ＥＲ表达的阳性率为４０％（２６／６５）,ＰＲ表达的阳性率为３２３％（２１／６５）;临床无转移,存活时间长之骨肉瘤中ＥＲ、ＰＲ表达的阳性率高于临床有转移、存活时间短者,差异有显著性意义（Ｐ＜００５）;不同性别、年龄、发病部位的骨肉瘤中ＥＲ、ＰＲ表达的阳性率无显著性差异（Ｐ＞００５）。结论骨肉瘤中存在ＥＲ、ＰＲ,ＥＲ、ＰＲ的检测可提示为骨肉瘤生物学行为,对病人预后的评估及探讨骨肉瘤内分泌治疗提供重要的理论依据。     

肝细胞癌患者外周血性激素受体和糖皮质激素受体的含量

为探讨性激素受体(Sex Hormone Receptor)和糖皮质激素受体(Glucocorticoid Receptor.GR)与肝细胞癌(Hepa- tocelular carcinoma.HCC)的关系及其意义,应用放射配体测定13例HCC患者及23例正常人外周血淋巴细胞雌激素受体(Es- trogen Receptor.ER)和雄激素受体(Androgen Receptor.AR)及外周血细胞GR水平.正常人ER和AR分别为616±106和687±109位点/细胞;GR为5360±1684位点/细胞.HCC患者ER和AR分别为968±120和2903±860位点/细胞.HCC伴肝硬化GR为3112±1130位点/细胞、不伴肝硬化为4536±1201位点/细胞.AR水平明显高于对照组,提示HCC可能为雄激素依赖性肿瘤;GR水平与肝硬化负相关,提示GR下降反映肝硬化的程度.     

Gender-related invasion differences associated with mRNA expression levels of melatonin membrane receptors in colorectal cancer

Melatonin inhibits growth and invasive capacity of colon cancer cells in vitro through its membrane (MT1 and MT2) and/or nuclear receptors (RORα). Previous studies showed that this indoleamine is present in both the normal and colon cancer at similar levels. Therefore, we analyzed MT1, MT2, and RORα expression in tumor samples versus normal mucosa (NM) from patients suffering from colorectal cancer (CRC). Given the existence of sex differences in the incidence and pathology of CRC and the involvement of steroid receptors in the oncostatic actions of melatonin in some types of cancer, we also analyzed the expression of androgen (AR) and estrogen receptor (ER) α and ERβ. Finally, we conducted some experiments in colon cancer cell lines to corroborate the experiments carried out in human tumors. We found a decreased expression of MT1, MT2, AR, ERα, and ERβ in tumor samples versus NM, but no changes in RORα expression in the whole cohort of patients. Classifying tumors by stage and gender, MT1, MT2, AR, ERα, and ERβ expression decreased in both early stage and advanced tumors, but only in male patients. On the other hand, MT1 and MT2 expression correlated positively with AR, ERα, and ERβ expression in male patients and with ERα or ERβ in female patients. In vitro, the invasive capacity was higher in cells with the least expression of MT1, MT2, and AR, and nonselective MT1/MT2 agonists inhibited cell growth and invasion. These results could indicate a possible interaction of these pathways.     

乳腺癌激素受体测定—直接荧光法与DCC法比较

本文对52例乳腺癌标本中ER和PR进行了直接荧光法(FHC法)及葡聚糖包埋活性碳吸附法(DCC法)的配对分析,二种方法在检测ER和PR以及预测内分泌疗效方面有较好的一致性,结果无统计学差异(P>0.5)。对二种方法结果不一致的原因进行了客观分析。由于直接荧光法可进行受体的细胞定位,可检测胞浆、胞核和胞膜受体,不受癌细胞构成比例的影响,且具有操作简便、设备简单、费用较少的优越性,是一种值得推广运用的方法。     

子宫肌瘤与腺肌瘤组织及患者外周血白细胞ER、PR测定

本文对子宫肌瘤及腺肌瘤与雌、孕激素的关系进行对比研究，结果子宫肌瘤及腹肌瘤组织雌激素受体（ER）阳性率均明显高于正常子宜肌层组织（P＜0．01及P＜0．·05），孕激素受体（PR）阳性年仅腺肌瘤组织显著低于正常子宫肌层组织（P＜0．05）；子宫肌瘤、像肌瘤患者与正常对照组外周血白细胞均存在ER、PR，三组之间无显著性差异（P＞0．05）；子宫肌瘤及腺肌瘤患者增生早期血清雌二醇（E2）明显高于正常人群（P＜0．05），肌瘤患者血清孕酮（P）明显低于正常人群（P＜0．05），提示血清激素水平失调及瘤组织中激素作用的不平衡性，可能与肌瘤及腺肌瘤的发生、发展有一定关系。血清E2增高及瘤组织中可能存在的高E2环境，抑制机体免疫功能，也可影响肌瘤及腺肌瘤的发生、发展。     

Steroid receptor expression in thymomas and thymic carcinomas

BACKGROUND:

Although protein expressions of glucocorticoid receptor (GR), estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ), progesterone receptor A (PgR‐A), and androgen receptor (AR) were shown to play roles in the growth and differentiation of normal thymus and thymic tumors, to the authors' knowledge their association with patient characteristics and prognosis has yet to be determined.

METHODS:

A series of 140 thymic epithelial tumors (57 type A + AB thymomas, 40 type B1 + B2 thymomas, 6 type B3 thymomas, and 37 thymic carcinomas) were examined for GR, ERα, ERβ, PgR‐A, and AR expression using immunohistochemistry. In addition, the correlation between expression of these hormone receptors and clinicopathologic factors and overall survival (OS) was assessed.

RESULTS:

GR and ERβ demonstrated a high rate of expression in thymomas and thymic carcinomas (82.9% and 76.4%, respectively), whereas rates of ERα, PgR‐A, and AR expression were low (13.6%, 0.71%, and 23.6%, respectively). A significant correlation (P < .05) was found between ERα expression and tumor size and between ERβ expression and tumor stage. Multivariate analyses revealed that histologic subtype (P = .0039), tumor stage (P = .0012), and GR expression (P = .0025) were significantly correlated with the 10‐year OS rate.

CONCLUSIONS:

GR and ERβ demonstrated high rates of expression in thymomas and thymic carcinomas. Furthermore, multivariate analysis revealed that GR expression was associated with better prognosis in patients with surgically resected thymomas and thymic carcinomas. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.     

Detection of mRNA levels for the estrogen alpha, estrogen beta and androgen nuclear receptor genes in archival breast cancer tissue

Previous studies in our laboratory have shown association of nuclear receptor expression and histological breast cancer grade. To further investigate these findings, it was the objective of this study to determine if expression levels of the estrogen alpha, estrogen beta and androgen nuclear receptor genes varied in different breast cancer grades. RNA extracted from paraffin embedded archival breast tumour tissue was converted into cDNA and cDNA underwent PCR to enable quantitation of mRNA expression. Expression data was normalised against the 18S ribosomal gene multiplex and analysed using ANOVA. Analysis indicated a significant alteration of expression for the androgen receptor in different cancer grades (P=0.014), as well as in tissues that no longer possess estrogen receptor alpha proteins (P=0.025). However, expression of estrogen receptors alpha and beta did not vary significantly with cancer grade (P=0.057 and 0.622, respectively). Also, the expression of estrogen receptor alpha or beta did not change, regardless of the presence of estrogen receptor alpha protein in the tissue (P=0.794 and 0.716, respectively). Post-hoc tests indicate that the expression of the androgen receptor is increased in estrogen receptor negative tissue as well as in grade 2 and grade 3 tumours, compared to control tissue. This increased expression in late stage breast tumours may have implications to the treatment of breast tumours, particularly those lacking expression of other nuclear receptor genes.     

人胃癌NKM—45细胞株胞浆,胞核性激素受体含量测定及分析

作者采用葡聚糖包被活性炭法测定了人胃低分化腺癌ＮＫＭ－４５培养细胞中分离的胞浆及胞核ＫＣＩ抽提组分中的ＥＲ、ＰＲ和ＡＲ的含量。结果显示胃癌ＮＫＭ－４５细胞的胞浆及胞核抽提液中ＥＲ含量为２４．８ｆｍｏｌ／ｍｇ和２５．１ｆｍｏｌ／ｍｇ蛋白，而ＰＲ含量为１６．４ｆｍｏｌ／ｍｇ和１８．６ｆｍｏｌ／ｍｇ蛋白，ＡＲ均为阴性（＜１０ｆｍｏｌ／ｍｇ蛋白），说明ＮＫＭ－４５细胞为ＥＲ及ＰＲ阳性细胞，且ＥＲ和ＰＲ在该胃癌细胞的胞浆、胞核中均存在。作者认为胃癌可能是性激素依赖性肿瘤，适当的内分泌治疗可能对胃癌有效。     

中枢神经系统肿瘤的雌孕激素受体

本文报告了42例中枢神经系统肿瘤的ER、PR状况。其中脑膜瘤10例,胶质瘤15例,神经纤维瘤8例,其他肿瘤9例。42例中,ER阳性者仅3例,占7.1％。PR阳性率:脑膜瘤组为60.0％,胶质瘤组为13.3％,神经纤维瘤组为37.5％,其他肿瘤组为11.1％。脑膜瘤PR含量明显高于胶质瘤、神经纤维瘤以及其他肿瘤。在脑膜瘤组,PR含量明显高于ER含量,提示脑膜瘤可能是孕激素的靶组织。神经纤维瘤组PR阳性率仅次于脑膜瘤,其PR含量也高于ER含量,与脑膜瘤类似。