胃癌根治空肠间置术12例分析

本文报告胃癌根治空肠间置术12例.男11例,女1例,年龄36～73岁.空肠问置於十二指肠残胃之间1例;空肠间置于十二指肠与食管之间11例.“9”字型空肠间置1例:单腔10例.双腔1例.空肠间置代胃有近似生理的胃容积及排空时间,术后进行了消化道功能观察.作者认为单腔空肠插入术应为全胃切除后重建胃肠道的首选方法.     

全胃切除间置双腔空肠代胃术（附8例报告）

全胃切除间置双腔空肠代胃术（附８例报告）杨世隆，陈乾德，邹学公，谷振省我院自１９８９年以来在动物（狗）实验的基础上，为８例胃癌根治病人施行间置双腔空肠代胃取得较好效果，现报告如下：资料和方法１．一般资料，８例病人中男６例，女２例。年龄５０～７０岁。病...     

经皮肝脏穿刺置管组织间放射治疗肝癌

经皮肝脏穿刺置管组织间放射治疗肝癌岳建强，张厚才，贡海，隋荭我院自１９９３年１０月～１９９５年８月对９例经病理证实又无法手术切除的肝癌，采用了经皮肝脏穿刺置管高剂量率后装机行间质放疗，现报告如下：１材料与方法：１．１男７例、女２例，年龄４０～７０岁，...     

全胃切除连续间置空肠代胃消化道重建术

[目的]探讨连续间置空肠代胃消化道重建术在全胃切除后的应用价值.[方法]对2000年1月至2002年3月间26例全胃切除连续间置空肠代胃术的临床资料进行分析.[结果]全组病人无手术死亡和吻合口瘘发生.随访12个月至25个月,平均17.4个月.其中钡餐检查11例,代胃容量均在300ml以上,排空时间为30min～120 mm.术后6个月、12个月出现反流性食管炎分别为6例和2例.与术前相比,术后生活质量有所提高.[结论]连续间置空肠代胃术是全胃切除消化道重建的理想术式,手术操作简便省时,可取得较好的生活质量.     

全胃切除改良Longmize’S食管空肠吻合法的应 用 体 会

全胃切除改良Ｌｏｎｇｍｉｚｅ’Ｓ食管空肠吻合法的应用体会王军，徐增良，徐兆龙１９８５年２月至１９９３年３月，我们对１８例胃恶性肿瘤病人施行全胃切除术，均采用改良的Ｌｏｎｇｍｉｚｅ’ｓ法行食管空肠吻合，疗效满意，报告如下：材料与方法病人，男１４例，女４...     

全胃切除功能性间置空肠代胃术72例临床分析

目的：探讨功能性间置空肠代胃消化道重建在全胃切除术后的应用价值.方法：回顾性分析2006年1月-2011年12月施行全胃切除功能性间置空肠代胃术72例患者的临床资料.结果：全组无手术死亡和吻合口瘘发生.随访12个月至24个月,部分病例出现轻度反流性食管炎,代胃容量300ml以上,排空时间30-100min.术后生活质量有所提高.结论：功能性间置空肠代胃术是一种安全可靠、效果满意的消化道重建手术方式.     

贲门癌切除圈式空肠代胃临床体会

贲门癌切除圈式空肠代胃临床体会曾吉林主治医师李朝先四川仪陇县人民医院（６３７６００）我院自１９８８年３月以来，对贲门癌行全胃切除重建消化道，采用圈式空肠代胃术，施行６例，效果满意，现报告如下：临床资料与方法一，一般资料：本组男年例，女２例，年龄２７－...     

间置空肠代胃术的临床应用(附202例报告)

目的：探讨间置空肠代胃术在不同手术方法中的应用及其临床效果。方法：回顾性分析1991年1月至2005年8月间,本院实施间置空肠代胃术共202例,其中包括功能性间置空肠代胃术,p型间置空肠代胃术,胆总管间置空肠架桥引流术,改良间置空肠代胃术,近端胃次全间置空肠移植术等。结果：本组病例术后无明显返流性食管炎,倾倒综合征发生,亦无明显吻合口瘘情况。结论：间置空肠代胃术操作简捷,易于掌握,临床应用效果良好。     

近端胃次全切除间置空肠移植架桥术

近端胃次全切除术,常规术式多为残胃与食管吻合。本文报告间置空肠代胃术移植于残胃食管间,即成为残胃食管间间置空肠移植架桥术。自1996年至1998年收治5例,施以上述术式,术后得以良好的康复,现就其术式操作及优点予以探讨。1 手技与方法贲门侧胃次全切除后予以残胃食管间行间置空肠（interposition）移植重建架桥术（图1）。操作可使用吻合器。 A、B分别为空肠与胃、食管吻合处 C系空肠间侧侧吻合处 D、 E为丝线结扎处,AD长约 15cm,AE长约 30cm C点距离屈氏韧带为 15cm图1 残胃食管间行间置空肠移植重建架桥术2 术式优点1）输出…     

保留幽门全胃切除间置空肠代胃术

报告6例贲门胃底癌及胃体上部癌行根治性全胃切除，保留幽门问置空肠代胃术的临床效果。选择5、6组淋巴结无转移，不影响根治效果的6例病人，行保留幽门全胃切除术后，将25cm空肠间置于食管与十二指肠之间。术后通过临床观察，上消化道锁餐X线摄片、电子纤维胃镜检查及食管、问五空肠活检等证明此术式有良好的抗返流作用，并延长了食物在“代胃”内停留时间，幽门录作用正常。术后3个月、半年、1年钡餐摄片观察代胃扩张，幽门开放功能良好，无返流现象；术后半年、1年、2年电子胃镜检查并活检，无返流性食管炎发生。生存期与同期不保留幽门间置空肠代胃术相比，无显著性差异。     

Schwannomas of Head and Neck and Review of Literature

Benign nerve cell tumours have been given various names like schwannoma, neurilemmoma, neurinoma, neurofibroma, spindle cell tumours etc. Extra cranial head and neck schwannomas usually present as solitary and well-demarcated lesions. The lesion can cause secondary symptoms, such as nasal obstruction, dysphasia, and hoarseness, depending upon the location of the lesion. Fine needle aspiration cytology, CT scans, and MRI may be of limited help in the diagnosis of schwannomas. The treatment is complete surgical excision of the benign tumour and postoperative histopathological examination establishes the final diagnosis.     

Quality of life and care in leukemia,myeloma and non-malignant disease. Opinions of patients and relatives,and effects of geography and time

In a questionnaire study 140 subjects answered 4200 questions in 1980 and 1986. They consisted of patients with myeloma, acute leukemia, lung carcinoma, and non-malignant disease and their relatives. In 22 additional cases the questionnaire was not answered. The results show that myeloma patients are less content with the general care than leukemia patients (P < 0.05). Similarly, relatives of deceased myeloma patients are less satisfied with the information given to them than relatives of deceased leukemia patients (P < 0.001). The information has improved with time, however, since the patients were more satisfied in 1986 than in 1980 (P < 0.001) and relatives of myeloma patients still alive were more satisfied than relatives of patients who had died earlier (P < 0.001).     

A comparative study of knowledge and awareness of colorectal and breast cancerA comparative study of knowledge and awareness of colorectal and breast cancer

Aims: To assess and compare knowledge and awareness of colorectal cancer and breast cancer in a sample of the general population. Methods: Eleven hundred visitors to six different outpatient clinics, in a University Hospital, were given a study-specific questionnaire, based on educational material from the British Association of Cancer United Patients (CancerBACUP). The questionnaire consisted of 12 statements on the incidence, presentation, detection, treatment and prognosis of colorectal and breast cancer. Results: One thousand and sixty-eight individuals returned the questionnaire. One thousand and four completed questionnaires were analysed. The mean age (SD) of respondents was 50.1 (17.2) years, and the male to female ratio was 2:3. Respondents had read more about breast than about colorectal cancer (60.3%vs 32.4%,P <0.0001, McNemar's test). The proportion of correct answers for each statement on breast cancer was higher than for answers to corresponding items on colorectal cancer. Mean overall scores (95% CI) for breast and colorectal cancer were 88.1 (86.9, 89.2) and 64.4 (62.5, 66.3) respectively, the mean difference (95% CI) being 23.7 (22.0, 25.5). Scores were higher for breast cancer irrespective of age or gender. Conclusion: There is a low level of understanding of colorectal cancer in the general population when compared to breast cancer. This highlights the importance of public education in this common cancer.     

miRNA与肿瘤侵袭转移

目前,microRNA (miRNA)已成为肿瘤研究中最基本的参与者,主要通过与靶标基因3 'UTR(非翻译区)的完全或不完全配对,降解靶标基因mRNA或抑制其翻译,从而参与调控个体发育、细胞凋亡、增殖及分化等生命活动.miRNA作为调控基因表达的重要分子在肿瘤侵袭转移中的作用越来越受到重视,表明miRNA在肿瘤侵袭和转移中的作用机制具有重要的理论意义,同时也可为肿瘤的诊断和治疗提供新方法.本文就miRNA通过调控上皮间质转化及肿瘤干细胞导致肿瘤侵袭转移的最新研究进展作一综述.     

甲胎蛋白与自噬在肝癌发生发展中的作用及其相互关系

甲胎蛋白（AFP）作为临床诊断肝癌最常用的肿瘤标志物,有抑制免疫、促进细胞生长、抑制癌细胞凋亡的作用。自噬是一种维持细胞生存的重要途径之一,其与肝癌的发生发展及治疗有着密切联系,对肝癌既有抑制又有促进作用。PI3K/AKT作为两者共有的信号通路,它们是否有着相互关系来促进肝癌的发展尚需进一步研究。     

甲状腺手术的技巧及副损伤的预防和处置

鉴于甲状腺手术是普外科的常见手术，为求其日渐完美，以有益于病人，现根据作者的体会，并结合阅读相关文献，就其手术操作、喉返神经处理、甲状旁腺处理进行扼要阐述。     

芦荟大黄素及芦荟提取物的诱变性和抗诱变性

目的:用L5178Y小鼠淋巴瘤细胞体外微核试验评价芦荟大黄素和芦荟提取物的诱变和抗诱变作用,为其安全性评价提供依据。方法:设溶剂对照、阳性对照和抗诱变对照,芦荟大黄素和芦荟提取物诱变和抗诱变试验各设4个剂量组,处理L5178Y细胞12 h后按常规方法进行体外微核试验分析。结果:较高浓度(6.67μg/ml)的芦荟大黄素可致微核细胞率增加,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);而芦荟提取物未见此效应。在一定剂量范围内,芦荟大黄素(0.22～6μg/ml)和芦荟提取物(20～180μg/ml)对甲磺酸甲酯(MMS)所致微核细胞率均有一定程度的拮抗作用,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论:芦荟大黄素具有一定的诱变作用,而在本实验剂量范围内的芦荟提取物未见遗传毒性。两种受试物在一定范围内均能较好地拮抗MMS所致的染色体损伤。     

Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Ceftibuten and Cefaclor in the Treatment of Pneumonia and Bronchiectasis

Summary

In a multicentre, international study of 187 adult patients with bacterial pneumonia or bronchiectasis, the safety and efficacy of a regimen of 200 mg ceftibuten administered twice-daily was compared with cefaclor given in a dosage of 500 mg three times a day. Of the 94 evaluable patients, 66 received ceftibuten and 28 received cefaclor. The overall bacteriological response was similar in the two treatment groups with elimination of the original pathogen in 91% and 89% of the patients receiving ceftibuten and cefaclor, respectively. The overall clinical response mirrored the bacteriological results with a successful clinical outcome in 92% of ceftibuten-treated patients compared with 93% in patients receiving cefaclor. Adverse experiences were, in general, few and mild, being reported in 8% and 17% of patients receiving ceftibuten and cefaclor, respectively.