一种水基型气雾剂对蚊蝇的灭效观察

水基型气雾剂使用安全、环保、方便。本文针对0.20%胺菊酯与0.35%氯菊酯为有效成分研制的水基型杀虫气雾剂,以蚊蝇为试虫进行了杀灭效果的观察。该药剂对蚊蝇的室内药效达到国标A级,模拟现场效果达到国标B级。     

渗透剂对水基杀虫气雾剂药效影响的研究

目的探讨渗透剂对水基杀虫气雾剂的影响,为水基杀虫气雾剂研发提供参考.方法采用GB13917.2-1992和GB/T17322.2-1998的测试方法和评价标准进行试验和评价.结果含10%渗透剂的0.4%水基杀虫气雾剂对致倦库蚊的KT50为2.79 min,24 h死亡率为100%;对德国小蠊的KT50为4.46 min,24 h死亡率为100%.结论加入适量的渗透剂可提高水基杀虫气雾剂的药效.     

不同配方的杀虫气雾剂灭效观察

目的　对 2 0 0 3年送检产品进行效果测定。方法　按照国家标准GB 13 917.2 92、GB 13 917.8 92、GB/T173 2 2 .2 1998、GB/T 173 2 2 .11 1998农药登记卫生杀虫剂室内药效试验方法以及农药登记卫生杀虫剂室内药效评价 ,对杀虫气雾剂进行实验室、模拟现场检测。结果　杀虫气雾剂主要配方的有效成分是氯菊酯、胺菊酯、氯氰菊酯 ,对蚊、蝇、蜚蠊的KT50 分别在 0 .2～ 6.4min之间 ,蚊、蝇 2 4h死亡率及蜚蠊 72h死亡率均在 90 %以上。结论　以氯菊酯、胺菊酯、氯氰菊酯为主要配方的杀虫气雾剂具有很好的杀虫效果。     

几种拟除虫菊酯在水基气雾剂中的稳定性研究

目的：研究常用的几种拟除虫菊酯在水基气雾剂中的稳定性，为水基气雾剂用药提供参考；方法：气相色谱分析法；结果：各种拟除虫菊酯在水基气雾剂中的降解率差异很大，降解率最小的为1.82％，最大的为81.32％；结论：EBT、四氟苯菊酯、富右旋炔丙菊酯、生物苄呋菊酯、氯菊酯、氟氯氰菊酯、顺式氯氰菊酯等是适合做水基气雾剂的。     

HPLC法测定水基杀虫气雾剂中有效成分的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定水基杀虫气雾剂中丙烯菊酯和氯菊酯含量的方法。方法岛津C18色谱柱，流动相为乙腈：水（78：22），检测波长272nm。结果丙烯菊酯线性方程y=64905x＋34184（r=0．9997），氯菊酯线性方程Y=511733x-26083（r=0．9999）。结论该方法简便、快速、准确可靠。     

水基型天然除虫菊素气雾剂的研制与效果观察

目的通过对水基型天然除虫菊素卫生杀虫气雾剂的药液制备、生物活性和成品气雾剂罐体安全型的研究,为水基型天然除虫菊素卫生杀虫气雾剂的产业化发展提供依据。方法按照GB/T 13917.1-2009标准,采用0.4%的水基剂型天然除虫菊素气雾杀虫剂进行实验室内药效试验,测试药物对蚊、蝇、德国小蠊生物活性效果;按照GB/T 14449-2008标准,对成品气雾剂罐体进行安全测试。结果通过对蚊、蝇、德国小蠊的效果测试,KT50值分别为4.3、3.7、8.6 min,处理后24(72)h死亡率为100%;采用压缩空气做抛射剂,温度从25℃上升到50℃,罐体内的压力仅增加0.03 MPa。结论水基型天然除虫菊素卫生杀虫气雾剂的杀虫效果符合A级标准的要求;罐体压力随温度的变化值较小,安全性极高。     

两种卫生杀虫气雾剂的室内药效比较

为比较不同配方的卫生杀虫气雾剂对卫生害虫的熏杀效果 ,我们按ＧＢ13917.4- 92中的“气雾剂的室内药效测定方法” ,对全扫荡多功能芳香气雾杀虫剂和野牛牌杀虫气雾剂进行测定 ,并按国标ＧＢ/Ｔ1732 2 .2 - 1998“农药登记卫生用杀虫剂的室内药效评价 :气雾剂”进行评价及比较。1　材料与方法　1.1　材料　采用标准昆虫 ,均为本实验室饲养繁殖的敏感品系 :致乏库蚊为羽化后第 2～ 3ｄ未吸血雌性成蚊 ;家蝇为羽化后第 4ｄ成虫 ,雌雄各半 ;德国小蠊为 2周成虫 ,雌雄各半。全扫荡多功能芳香气雾剂 (有效成分为 0 .13%富右旋丙烯菊酯、0 .2 7%高…     

蔬菜中农药残留的样品前处理方法的研究

[目的]建立一种简便易行,适用于检测蔬菜中4大类农药残留的气相色谱分析样品前处理方法。[方法]以甲胺磷、对硫磷作为有机磷农药代表,灭多威为氨基甲酸酯类农药代表,氯菊酯为菊酯类农药代表,采用液-液萃取、索氏提取、国标固相萃取法、本法的固相萃取法4种前处理方法处理样品,按GB/T 5009.145-2003和GB/T 5009.146-2003法测定并对不同的前处理方法的测定结果进行比较。[结果]该方法所检测的农药的最低检出限为0.002～0.05 0;加标回收率为86.3%～104.9%;相对标准偏差为3.92%～11.08%;校正曲线相关系数为0.997 9～0.999 8。[结论]与国标前处理方法比较,它在保证国标方法要求的精密度和准确性的同时,具有检验时间减少、前处理试剂消耗少、空白的背景干扰小等特点。     

转氟氰菊酯在杀虫气雾剂中的作用研究

目前卫生杀虫气雾剂一般是由击倒药、致死药和增效剂复配组成，击倒药主要用胺菊酯、EBT［’］［‘］等，现在，德国拜耳公司生产的拜高气雾剂中，加人一种目前国内尚未使用过的新成份——转氟氰菊酯（Traniliuthrin）代替胺菊酯及增效醚。为验证该成份对蚊、蝇的击杀效果，特用其与旧制剂两种不同配方气雾剂作对比试验，现将结果报道如下：l材料与方法1．l试验药物“拜高”气雾剂（I－IV号气雾剂所使用的喷雾罐、气一液比例相同）：I号“拜高”气雾剂：油基，含1．0％残杀威。0．025％氟氯氰菊酯、0．04％转氟氰菊酯。11号“拜高”气雾…     

气相色谱-质谱测定黄酒中的敌敌畏

目的建立气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)测定黄酒中敌敌畏的检测方法。方法同时优化了液液萃取和固相萃取2种前处理方法,液液萃取法称取40 g样品加4 ml甲苯萃取,振摇后加5 g NaCl,5 000 r/min离心5 min,有机相进GC-MS选择离子模式检测分析。固相萃取选用C_(18)柱,经5 ml甲醇、5 ml水活化,称取10 g黄酒上样,过柱后用5 ml水淋洗,2 ml乙酸乙酯洗脱,45℃氮气吹至近干,用乙酸乙酯定容至1 ml进GC-MS分析。结果敌敌畏在0.05 mg/L～10.0 mg/L内线性良好,r值0.999 8。液液萃取法平均回收率为89.4%～94.5%,固相萃取法平均回收率为102%～114%,2种前处理方法最低检出限(LOD)接近,分别是0.125μg/kg～0.155μg/kg、0.150μg/kg～0.204μg/kg。固相萃取法与液液萃取法相比操作简单、回收率高、敌敌畏富集效率高,所用试剂更加环保安全。结论固相萃取与GC-MS联用适用于黄酒中敌敌畏的检测分析。     

Efficacy of various ground-applied pyrethroids against adult Anopheles quadrimaculatus in the rice growing region of Arkansas.

Ground-applied ULV, cold aerosol, insecticide sprays were evaluated against caged adult female Anopheles quadrimaculatus. Treatments included 2 rates each of resmethrin, permethrin and a water-based permethrin formulation. Mortality at 24 h posttreatment was not significantly (P greater than or equal to 0.05) different between the resmethrin and water-based permethrin treatments. Both rates of permethrin were significantly (P less than 0.05) less effective than the other treatments.     

Collection and determination of COUNTER (terbufos) insecticide in air

A method has been developed and validated for the personal monitoring of COUNTER, O-O-diethyl-S-[(tert-butylthio)methyl]phosphorodithioate, terbufos, in air. COUNTER insecticide vapor is collected on standard NIOSH-type charcoal tubes at 150 mL/min for an 8-hour sampling period. When COUNTER insecticide exists as a dust as well as a vapor, a sampling train consisting of a mixed cellulose ester filter followed by a standard charcoal tube is used. The collected material in each case is desorbed with toluene and analyzed by gas chromatography using a nitrogen-phosphorus detector. Average collection efficiencies of 91.9% were obtained for the charcoal tube, and filter-tube sampling train systems. The sample generation system, collection medium, and analytical methodology are discussed.     

气雾剂中6种拟除虫菊酯气相色谱分析方法的研究

目的建立同时测定烯丙菊酯、胺菊酯、氯菊酯、炔丙菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯和溴氰菊酯6种拟除虫菊酯类农药的气相色谱分析方法。方法采用HP-5毛细管柱和FID检测器,以邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯为内标物,利用程序升温分离测定。结果有效分离测定烯丙菊酯、胺菊酯、氯菊酯、炔丙菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯和溴氰菊酯6种成分,其标准偏差均小于0.005,变异系数小于4.0%,线性相关系数均大于0.999;6种成分4个水平的添加回收率为97.27%～101.77%。结论分离效果好、准确度高、重现性好且操作简单快速。     

An evaluation of analytical methods, air sampling techniques, and airborne occupational exposure of metalworking fluids

This article summarizes an assessment of air sampling and analytical methods for both oil and water-based metalworking fluids (MWFs). Three hundred and seventy-four long-term area and personal airborne samples were collected at four plants using total (closed-face) aerosol samplers and thoracic samplers. A direct-reading device (DustTrak) was also used. The processes sampled include steel tube making, automotive component manufacturing, and small part manufacturing in a machine shop. The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Method PS42-97 of analysis was evaluated in the laboratory. This evaluation included sample recovery, determination of detection limits, and stability of samples during storage. Results of the laboratory validation showed (a) the sample recovery to be about 87%, (b) the detection limit to be 35 microg, and (c) sample stability during storage at room temperature to decline rapidly within a few days. To minimize sample loss, the samples should be stored in a freezer and analyzed within a week. The ASTM method should be the preferred method for assessing metalworking fluids (MWFs). The ratio of thoracic aerosol to total aerosol ranged from 0.6 to 0.7. A similar relationship was found between the thoracic extractable aerosol and total extractable aerosol. The DustTrak, with 10-microm sampling head, was useful in pinpointing the areas of potential exposure. MWF exposure at the four plants ranged from 0.04 to 3.84 mg/m3 with the geometric mean ranging between 0.22 to 0.59 mg/m3. Based on this data and the assumption of log normality, MWF exposures are expected to exceed the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health recommended exposure limit of 0.5 mg/m3 as total mass and 0.4 mg/m3 as thoracic mass about 38% of the time. In addition to controlling airborne MWF exposure, full protection of workers would require the institution of programs for fluid management and dermal exposure prevention.     

过滤罐微生物气溶胶过滤效率及其评价方法的研究

目的 建立防护面具高效过滤罐微生物气溶胶测试评价方法,对过滤罐的实际防护效果进行测试评价.方法 Serratia marcescens作为模式细菌繁殖体气溶胶、Bacillus subtilis var niger芽孢作为模式芽孢气溶胶、噬菌体f2作为模式病毒气溶胶,使用实验室建立的微生物气溶胶检测技术平台,人工发生模式微生物气溶胶,分别在过滤罐过滤前后使用空气微生物采样器进行定量采样,根据过滤前后模式微生物气溶胶的浓度分别计算细菌、芽孢、病毒气溶胶过滤效率.1-1、1-2、1-3、1-44个只含有高效过滤材料的过滤罐分别测试了Serratia marcescens、Bacillus subtilis var niger、噬菌体f2气溶胶的过滤效率.543、544 2个装有活性炭的高效过滤罐测试了对Scrratia marcescens气溶胶的过滤效率.结果 1-1、1-2、1-3 3个高效过滤罐对Serratia marcescens、Bacillus subtilis var niger芽孢、噬菌体f2的气溶胶的过滤效率为100.000%,1-4高效过滤罐对Bacillus subtilis var niger芽孢气溶胶的过滤效率为990997%、Serratia marcescerts和噬菌体f2气溶胶的过滤效率均为100.000%.加入活性炭后543、544 2个过滤罐对Serratia marcescens气溶胶的过滤效率均为100.000%.结论 建立的检测方法可以用于高效过滤罐微生物气溶胶防护效果的评价,高效过滤罐(包括装有活性炭者)微生物气溶胶防护效果均佳.     

丙烯氯菊酯水基喷射剂药效观察

目的测定0.5%丙烯氯菊酯水基喷射剂对淡色库蚊、家蝇、德国小蠊的杀灭效果。方法以淡色库蚊、家蝇、德国小蠊为试验对象,对丙烯氯菊酯水剂进行室内药效和模拟现场药效测试。结果该杀虫剂对淡色库蚊的KT50为6.65min,24h死亡率为100%;对家蝇的KT50为4.82min,24h死亡率为100%;对德国小蠊的KT50为9.26min,48h死亡率为100%。模拟现场对淡色库蚊1h击倒率为87.2%,24h死亡率为100%;对家蝇1h击倒率为91.8%,24h死亡率为100%;对德国小蠊1h击倒率为95.0%,48h死亡率为100%。结论丙烯氯菊酯水基喷射剂对淡色库蚊、家蝇和德国小蠊均有较好的击倒和杀灭效果。     

卫生杀虫产品质量控制检测方法的研究

目的对3种常见家卫杀虫产品的部分质量检测方法进行探讨,为控制这几种卫生杀虫剂的质量控制提供依据。方法气相色谱内标法。结果杀虫气雾剂的2种样品处理方法的重现性RSD分别是1．68％～2．00％和0．49％～0．94％,盘式蚊香的2种热贮方法的降解率分别是9．24％和2．65％,电热蚊香片的2种样品抽取方法的含量测定RSD是1．81％和0．24％。结论杀虫气雾剂有效成分含量测定喷出取样配制法（方法2）优于剖罐取样配制法（方法1）;盘式蚊香粉末密闭热贮法优于市售包装热贮法;电热蚊香片有效成分含量测定5片抽取法优于单片抽取法。     

蔬菜和水果中有机磷农药的双柱气相色谱测定法

目的建立蔬菜和水果中有机磷农药残留的双柱气相色谱检测法。方法向样品中加入适量水和硫酸钠,用乙酸乙酯振荡、离心、提取样品中残留的有机磷农药,提取液经浓缩、活性炭柱净化,然后用配有的毛细管柱DB-1701(中等极性)和HP-5(弱极性)、火焰光度检测器(FPD)和氮磷检测器(NPD)的气相色谱仪测定。以两种组合保留时间与标准品误差均不超过5%,定量误差不超过10%作为确证条件,以两者外标法定量平均值作为检测结果。结果在0.02～1.00 mg/L范围内,甲胺磷、乙酰甲胺磷、甲拌磷、乐果、毒死蜱、甲基对硫磷、马拉硫磷、杀螟硫磷、三唑磷的均呈线性关系,检出低限在0.01～0.02mg/kg,相关系数均大于0.996。9种有机磷农药在0.02、0.1、1.0mg/kg水平的回收率为84.0%～106.0%, RSD为3.0%～9.2%。结论该方法的准确度和精密度符合残留分析质量的要求,并且能有效区分目标化合物和各种干扰物,满足日常检测的确证需要。     

Screening of Priority Pesticides in Ulva sp. Seaweeds by Selective Pressurized Solvent Extraction Before Gas Chromatography with Electron Capture Detector Analysis

This work reports a fast and reliable analytical method for the screening of priority pesticides (PPs) in Ulva sp. seaweeds by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Extraction and sample clean-up were performed in one single step by selective pressurized liquid extraction (SPLE). Several parameters affecting SPLE performance were optimized. Method performance was compared with standard Soxhlet extraction. Significant decrease of the time of analysis with better recoveries for a greater number of PPs was achieved by SPLE. Average recoveries ranged from 71 to 103 % with RSD < 10 %. Field application showed the presence of PP in the range of 3–11 ng g^?1 in seaweeds collected in a coastal lagoon after a long period of heavy rains. These results suggest that Ulva sp. seaweeds tend to accumulate PPs and have the potential to be used as early alert signals of aquatic pollution especially after rains and storm events.     

卫生杀虫剂对致倦库蚊药效评价

目的：了解南宁市市售卫生杀虫气雾剂的灭蚊效果；方法：采用挂笼法对本市销售的气雾剂产品进行药效检测；结果：所抽检的10个产品KT50值为1．00min～2．00min，24h蚊虫死亡率均为100％；结论：所检测的气雾剂产品全部合格，且对蚊虫击倒快，致死效果好。