Hedgehog信号通路效应蛋白在前列腺癌组织中的表达及意义

目的 探讨Hedgehog(Hh)信号通路中效应蛋白在人前列腺癌、癌旁正常前列腺组织中的表达及意义.方法 采用免疫组织化学方法检测51例前列腺癌和癌旁正常前列腺组织中Shh、Ptch1和Gli1的表达.结果 Shh、Ptch1和Gli1在前列腺癌组织中均为高表达,Shh与Ptch1的表达呈正相关.结论 在前列腺癌Hh信号通路中Shh、Ptch1和Gli1呈现高度表达状态,Gti1更能准确地反映前列腺癌细胞的增殖水平和分化程度.     

Hh信号通路相关因子Shh、Ptch1、Gli1 mRNA的表达及意义

目的探讨前列腺癌、癌旁前列腺组织以及正常前列腺增生组织中Hedgehog(Hh)信号通路相关因子Shh、Ptch1、Gli1 mRNA的表达及意义。方法选择2017年2月至2019年2月本院收治的42例前列腺癌患者作为研究对象, 设为观察组。所有患者均拟手术治疗, 术中取癌组织与癌旁组织(距离病灶≥3 cm);选择同期手术治疗的39例前列腺增生患者的手术标本, 设为对照组。利用免疫组化和qRT-PCR技术检测前列腺增生、前列腺癌和癌旁组织中Hh信号通路相关因子Shh、Ptch1和Gli1蛋白及mRNA的表达情况, 分析比较Hh信号通路在前列腺增生、前列腺癌和癌旁组织中表达的差异及其机制。结果观察组的癌旁组织与对照组的Shh、Ptch1和Gli1蛋白阳性率比较, 差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);观察组的癌组织中Shh、Ptch1和Gli1蛋白阳性率均高于对照组(均P<0.05)。观察组的癌旁组织与对照组的Shh、Ptch1和Gli1 mRNA表达水平比较, 差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);观察组的癌组织中Shh、Ptch1和Gli1 mRNA表达水平均高于观...     

Hedgehog信号通路蛋白Ptch1和Gli1在胆管癌组织中的表达及意义

目的分析hedgehog(Hh)信号通路中Ptch1和Gli1蛋白在胆管癌组织中的表达及其意义。方法采用免疫组织化学方法检测62例胆管癌组织及其癌旁组织中Ptch1及Gli1蛋白的表达情况,并分析其在胆管癌组织中的表达与患者年龄、肿瘤大小、分化程度、肿瘤部位、淋巴结转移状况、TNM分期、手术方式及患者术后生存时间的相关性。结果 Ptch1和Gli1蛋白在胆管癌组织中的表达阳性率分别为74.2%(46/62)和88.7%(55/62),高于其在癌旁组织中的表达阳性率〔14.5%(9/62)和9.7%(6/62)〕,其差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。胆管癌组织中Ptch1和Gli1蛋白的表达与患者年龄、肿瘤大小及肿瘤部位均无相关性(P0.05),而与手术方式、分化程度、淋巴结转移状况、TNM分期及患者术后生存时间具有相关性(P0.05)。结论 Ptch1和Gli1作为Hh信号通路蛋白在胆管癌组织中呈高表达状态,参与了胆管癌的发生及发展,可能是胆管癌检测与治疗的理想靶标。     

Shh和Ptch在胆囊癌组织中的表达及其意义

目的 研究表明,Shh和Ptch是Hh传导通路的核心,消化系肿瘤中Hh通路的高度激活状态与消化系肿瘤的发生相关.本研究检测人胆囊腺癌标本中Shh和Ptch的表达,并探讨其意义.方法 采用免疫组化SP法对41例胆囊癌、21例胆囊腺瘤和20例正常胆囊组织中Shh和Ptch基因蛋白进行检测.结果 41例胆囊癌组织标本中Shh的阳性表达率为75.6%(31/41),Ptch的阳性表达率为78.0%(32/41).Shh和Ptch染色主要位于胆囊癌细胞的胞质和胞膜.20例正常胆囊组织中,Shh的阳性表达率为5%(1/20),Ptch的阳性表达率为10%(2/20).21例胆囊腺瘤组织中Shh的阳性表达率为4.7%(1/21),Ptch的阳性表达率为9.6%(2/21),各组间Shh和Ptch阳性表达率差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.001),而在不同性别、不同年龄组(年龄≥60岁及＜60岁)、不同病理组织学分级、Nevin不同分期、组织学不同分化程度、有无淋巴结或远处转移、有无伴发胆囊结石组间的Shh和Ptch阳性表达率表达差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).胆囊癌组织中Shh阳性表达率为75.6%与Ptch阳性表达率为78.0%之间存在显著正相关(r=0.72,P＜0.01).结论 原发性胆囊癌的发生可能与Hedgehog-Gli信号通路的异常活动密切相关.     

PAK2磷酸化激活TRIM28在前列腺癌进展中的作用机制研究

目的:研究P21蛋白活化酶2(p21-activated protein kinase 2,PAK2)在前列腺癌(prostate cancer, PCa)中的表达水平,并分析PAK2与PCa患者临床资料及PCa进展的相关性,进一步研究及分析PAK2磷酸化激活KRAB相关蛋白1即三重基序蛋白28(tripartite motif-containing 28,TRIM28)促进PCa进展的相关性,阐明PAK2在去势抵抗性前列腺癌(castration-resistant prostate cancer, CRPC)进展中的作用关系,探讨PAK2磷酸化激活TRIM28通路在PCa进展中扮演的角色,为治疗CRPC提供方法和思路。方法:使用ONCOMINE数据库预测PAK2在PCa组织和癌旁正常组织中的表达差异。分别采用Western Blot和RT-qPCR检测PAK2在收集的临样本(癌旁正常组织和PCa组织)中的表达差异。采用免疫组织化学(immunohistochemistry, IHC)检测PAK2在前列腺增生(BPH)组织、激素性前列腺癌(androgen dependent pro...     

SIRT1在膀胱癌组织中的表达及临床意义分析

目的:探讨沉默调节蛋白1(SIRT1)在膀胱癌组织中的表达情况及在肿瘤进展、侵袭、转移中的作用。方法:选取82例不同病理分期的膀胱尿路上皮癌患者术后石蜡标本,采用免疫组织化学技术检测癌组织及癌旁正常组织中SIRT1的表达,分析其与临床病理特征的关系。另选取15例膀胱尿路上皮癌行膀胱根治术患者的癌组织和癌旁组织,应用Real-Time PCR技术检测SIRT1 mRNA表达水平。结果:SIRT1的表达水平与临床分期、病理分级及是否转移呈相关性(P0.05),与性别、年龄、是否复发无相关性(P0.05)。癌组织中SIRT1 mRNA的表达明显高于癌旁组织的表达,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:SIRT1在膀胱癌组织呈高表达,与临床分期及转移相关,有可能作为肿瘤进展的潜在标志物及治疗靶点。     

Shh和Ptch在肝细胞癌中的表达研究

目的探讨肝细胞癌（HCC）中Shh和Ptch的表达及其意义。方法应用组织芯片技术、免疫组化和原位杂交方法检测100例HCC、25例癌旁组织和5例正常肝组织中Shh和Ptch的表达情况。结果免疫组化检测Hcc中Shh和Ptch的阳性表达率分别为19．28％（16／83）、24．68％（19／77）;原位杂交检测结果分别为44．29％（31／70）、15．85％（13／82）;两种基因在HCC中的表达相关,均与非肿瘤组织的表达有显著性差异,并分别与肿瘤的大小及分化程度相关。结论Shh和Ptch的表达参与了HCC的发生,它们可能是HCC治疗的理想靶标。     

DIP在肝细胞癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨死亡诱导蛋白(DIP)在肝细胞癌(HCC)中的表达及其与肝癌临床病理特征之间的关系.方法:运用RT-PCR免疫组化分别检测DIP在40例HCC及其癌旁组织中的表达情况,并分析DIP蛋白表达与HCC临床病理特征之间的相关性;应用RT-PCR检测人正常肝细胞株LO2和HCC细胞Hep3B,HepG2,SMMC-7721中DIP mRNA的表达.结果:DIP mRNA及蛋白在肝癌组织中的表达明显高于其癌旁组织(均P＜0.05);DIP蛋白高表达与较大肿瘤体积、高Edmonson分级和高TNM分期有关(r=0.419,0.414,0.531;均P＜0.05);人HCC细胞株Hep3B,HepG2,SMMC-7721中DIP mRNA的表达均较正常肝细胞株LO2明显增高(均P＜0.05).结论:HCC组织中DIP表达上调,且这种表达上调与HCC的恶性病理特征相关.     

Hedgehog信号通路在脑胶质瘤的表达及其预后意义

目的 观测Hedgehog信号通路在脑胶质瘤的表达,探讨其表达在脑胶质瘤的预后意义.方法 选取118例原发性脑胶质瘤患者的手术切除标本,运用免疫组织化学方法检测Sonic hedgehog(Shh)、受体Patched(Ptch)及下游转录因子Gli1的表达,采用Kaplan-Meier生存分析和Cox比例风险回归模型评价脑胶质瘤患者的预后.结果 免疫染色结果显示Shh、Ptch和Gli1的阳性表达率随胶质瘤病理等级升高呈增强趋势(P＜0.01);随KPS评分的下降而成增强趋势(P＜0.01).生存分析表明,阳性表达Shh、Ptch和Gli1的胶质瘤患者总体存活率低于三者不表达的患者(P＜0.01).多因素Cox分析显示KPS(P＜0.05)、WHO grade(P＜0.01)、Shh(P＜0.05)、Ptch (P＜0.05)和Gli1(P＜0.05)是影响脑胶质瘤预后的独立因素.结论 脑胶质瘤的Shh-Ptch1-Gli1 信号通路处于激活状态,与脑胶质瘤的临床病理特征及预后参数密切相关,提示Hedgehog信号通路的活化在脑胶质瘤的恶性潜能和患者的生存时间起重要的预示作用.     

甲状腺乳头状癌组织中Shh和Gli1的表达及其临床意义研究

目的 通过检测Sonic Hedgehog信号通路关键分子Shh和Gil1在甲状腺乳头状癌表达的情况,探讨其与甲状腺乳头状癌临床病理特征的关系及临床意义.方法 应用免疫组织化学方法检测142例甲状腺乳头状癌患者癌组织及其癌旁组织病理蜡块标本中Shh和Gli1的表达情况,分析其与临床病理特征的关系.结果 Shh主要表达于...     

Body composition assessment and methodology in nonathletic and athletic adolescent and adult males and females

The purpose of this review is to outline methodology for assessing body composition utilizing anthropometric and densitometric techniques. The objective of body composition assessment is to measure body fat and lean body mass. The quantity of these components varies due to growth, physical activity, dietary regimens, and aging. Anthropometric techniques incorporate selected skinfolds, circumferences, skeletal widths, or other variables to estimate body composition within k2.0-4.0%. These techniques are adequate for field testing of groups or individuals, but are population specific. Densitometry measures body volume irrespective of physique, sex, or age. This laboratory technique estimates body composition within 1.0-2.0%, is more difficult to administer, but is not population specific. Some limitation exists with any present technique due to biological variability and incomplete research of reference body composition in children, females, and the aged. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1984;5(6):336-347.     

Perioperative and long-term morbidity and mortality after above-knee and below-knee amputations in diabetics and nondiabetics

We performed a retrospective review of a vascular surgery quality assurance database to evaluate the perioperative and long-term morbidity and mortality of above-knee amputations (AKA, n = 234) and below-knee amputations (BKA, n = 720) and to examine the effect of diabetes mellitus (DM) (181 of AKA and 606 of BKA patients). All patients in the database who had AKA or BKA from 1990 to May 2001 were included in the study. Perioperative 30-day cardiac morbidity and mortality and 3-yr and 10-yr mortality after AKA or BKA were assessed. The effect of DM on 30-day cardiac outcome was assessed by multivariate logistic regression and the effect on long-term survival was assessed by Cox regression analysis. The perioperative cardiac event rate (cardiac death or nonfatal myocardial infarction) was at least 6.8% after AKA and at most 3.6% after BKA. Median survival was significantly less after AKA (20 mo) than BKA (52 mo) (P < 0.001). DM was not a significant predictor of perioperative 30-day mortality (odds ratio, 0.76 [0.39-1.49]; P = 0.43) or 3-yr survival (Hazard ratio, 1.03 [0.86-1.24]; P = 0.72) but predicted 10-yr mortality (Hazard ratio, 1.34 [1.04-1.73]; P = 0.026). Significant predictors of the 30-day perioperative mortality were the site of amputation (odds ratio, 4.35 [2.56-7.14]; P < 0.001) and history of renal insufficiency (odds ratio, 2.15 [1.13-4.08]; P = 0.019). AKA should be triaged as a high-risk surgery while BKA is an intermediate-risk surgery. Long-term survival after AKA or BKA is poor, regardless of the presence of DM.     

Postoperative nausea and vomiting and opioid-induced nausea and vomiting: guidelines for prevention and treatment

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) causes patient discomfort, lowers patient satisfaction, and increases care requirements. Opioid-induced nausea and vomiting (OINV) may also occur if opioids are used to treat postoperative pain. These guidelines aim to provide recommendations for the prevention and treatment of both problems. A working group was established in accordance with the charter of the Sociedad Espa?ola de Anestesiología y Reanimación. The group undertook the critical appraisal of articles relevant to the management of PONV and OINV in adults and children early and late in the perioperative period. Discussions led to recommendations, summarized as follows: 1) Risk for PONV should be assessed in all patients undergoing surgery; 2 easy-to-use scales are useful for risk assessment: the Apfel scale for adults and the Eberhart scale for children. 2) Measures to reduce baseline risk should be used for adults at moderate or high risk and all children. 3) Pharmacologic prophylaxis with 1 drug is useful for patients at low risk (Apfel or Eberhart 1) who are to receive general anesthesia; patients with higher levels of risk should receive prophylaxis with 2 or more drugs and baseline risk should be reduced (multimodal approach). 4) Dexamethasone, droperidol, and ondansetron (or other setrons) have similar levels of efficacy; drug choice should be made based on individual patient factors. 5) The drug prescribed for treating PONV should preferably be different from the one used for prophylaxis; ondansetron is the most effective drug for treating PONV. 6) Risk for PONV should be assessed before discharge after outpatient surgery or on the ward for hospitalized patients; there is no evidence that late preventive strategies are effective. 7) The drug of choice for preventing OINV is droperidol.