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1.
Myositis ossificans: MR appearance with radiologic-pathologic correlation   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
We reviewed retrospectively the MR images of eight histologically proved cases of myositis ossificans and correlated the MR appearance with the histologic findings, as well as with other radiologic studies. Patients with available MR images were chosen from a group of 326 cases in our radiologic archives of histologically proved and radiologically correlated myositis ossificans. In addition to MR images, all patients had plain radiographs, six had CT scans, and two had arteriograms. On T2-weighted spin-echo MR, the lesions were relatively well defined and inhomogeneous and had intermediate to high signal intensity. The latter corresponded to a central proliferating core of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts with a myxoid stroma resembling nodular fasciitis, rimmed by osteoblasts with bone production. Edema surrounded lesions less than a few months old. T1-weighted images of early lesions were normal or showed evidence of a mass by displacement of fat planes. Hemorrhage and fluid-fluid levels were seen in one lesion of intermediate duration. Mature lesions tended to be well defined with inhomogeneous signal intensity, similar to that of fat, representing areas of fat situated between bone trabeculae within the lesion. We present the MR appearance of myositis ossificans and correlate it with other radiologic studies and the histologic findings. The varying appearance of myositis ossificans relates to the histologic changes that occur as the disorder progresses. Knowledge of the MR appearance of myositis ossificans is important in that the lesion has many of the MR imaging characteristics frequently associated with malignancy.  相似文献   

2.
Objective To compare the MR imaging findings of 13 patients with clinically diagnosed medial epicondylitis with the MR imaging findings of 26 patients of similar age with no clinical evidence of medial epicondylitis.Design and patients The study group consisted of 13 patients with clinically diagnosed medial epicondylitis. The control group consisted of 26 patients of similar age with no clinical evidence of medial epicondylitis. The medical records and MR imaging findings of these patients were retrospectively reviewed by two fellowship-trained musculoskeletal radiologists.Results Eleven of the 13 patients in the study group had thickening and increased signal intensity of the common flexor tendon on both T1-weighted and T2-weighted images. The remaining two patients in the study group had soft tissue edema around a normal-appearing common flexor tendon. Twenty-one of the 26 patients in the control group had a normal-appearing common flexor tendon on MR imaging. Three patients in the control group had a thickened common flexor tendon which was of intermediate signal intensity on T1-weighted images but of uniform low signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Two patients in the control group had a thickened common flexor tendon which was of intermediate signal intensity on both T1-weighted and T2-weighted images. None of the patients in the control group had soft tissue edema around the common flexor tendon.Conclusion MR imaging findings of patients with clinically diagnosed medial epicondylitis included thickening and increased T1 and T2 signal intensity of the common flexor tendon and soft tissue edema around the common flexor tendon. The presence of intermediate to high T2 signal intensity or high T2 signal intensity within the common flexor tendon and the presence of paratendinous soft tissue edema were the most specific findings of medial epicondylitis on MR imaging.  相似文献   

3.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the MR imaging features of tuberculous osteomyelitis. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: MR imaging features of 11 patients (14-65 years) with proven extra-spinal tuberculous osteomyelitis were reviewed. Osseous and adjacent soft-tissue changes were analyzed. RESULTS: On the basis of the signal intensity characteristics compared with the normal marrow fat, two kinds of lesions were observed: (a) predominantly intermediate to low signal intensity lesions on T2-weighted images with low signal intensity on T1-weighted images, and (b) lesions which had a discrete peripheral zone of marginally higher signal intensity than the center on T1-weighted images and surrounding edema and lower signal intensity than the fatty bone marrow with variable signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Soft-tissue abscesses and marrow edema were each noted in eight cases. Soft-tissue edema was noted in most cases. CONCLUSION: An osseous lesion with intermediate to low signal intensity on T2-weighted images and associated soft-tissue abscess may be suggestive of tuberculous osteomyelitis. Lesions with a rim of mildly increased signal intensity on T1-weighted images, a non-specific indicator of an infective process, may also be seen.  相似文献   

4.
Five patients with a palpable mass at presentation underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The final diagnosis was myositis ossificans (MO). MR imaging features, particularly after injection of gadopentetate dimeglumine, mimicked those of an inflammatory mass or neoplasm. The lesions were excised in three patients, and the Images were correlated with histologic findings. Three different appearances were noted on MR images, corresponding to the stages of maturation of MO. Two cases Involved early-stage lesions, and Tl-weighted MR images showed a mass with homogeneous intermediate signal intensity. Both lesions showed rim enhancement after contrast agent injection and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Pathologic specimens demonstrated stroma with masses of spindle cells in which osteoid production was interspersed. The enhanced rim of the lesion mimicked the expected MR appearance of an abscess or necrotic tumor. Areas of enhancement in adjacent muscle were also seen on postcontrast T1-weighted images. Intermediate-stage MO was present in one case; there was evidence of a thin rim of calcification on plain radiographs and fatty changes in the lesion on T1-weighted Images, corresponding with histologic findings. One case of a mature lesion showed a considerable degree of peripheral calcification both on MR images and at histology. MR imaging is nonspecific in the diagnosis of early-stage MO.  相似文献   

5.
阔韧带平滑肌瘤的MR诊断   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
目的:探讨阔韧带平滑肌瘤的MR表现及诊断价值.方法:回顾性分析13例经手术和病理证实为阔韧带平滑肌瘤的MR表现.结果:13例中肿块位于子宫右侧4例,左侧8例,两侧1例.肿块呈圆形、类圆形10例,不规则形或分叶状3例.肿块大于5 cm占84.6%(11/13).T1WI肿块均呈等或略低信号;T2WI为中等信号,其中11例肿块中见不均匀斑点状、梭条状高信号影,2例见大片状液化坏死灶.注射钆喷替酸葡甲胺(Gd-DTPA)后扫描肿块实质部分明显强化,显示包膜完整,与子宫等周围脏器分界清晰10例,包膜不清,与子宫有粘连且分界不清3例;包膜不强化且显示更清晰.结论:阔韧带平滑肌瘤的MR表现具有一定的特征性:盆腔内、子宫外大而有完整包膜的实性或实性为主的肿块,T1WI呈等或略低信号,T2WI呈中等信号,其内常可见不均匀斑点状、梭条状高信号影,增强扫描肿瘤强化明显.MR具有良好的软组织分辨率、多方位成像的特点,有利于肿瘤结构、成份与包膜显示,对明确诊断有肯定的价值.  相似文献   

6.
Signal-intensity characteristics of magnetic resonance (MR) images were assessed in five patients and in 10 rabbits with tuberculous arthritis. MR imaging findings were compared with histologic findings in the animal study. In both of clinical and experimental cases, tuberculous lesions showed both intermediate and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images, while they showed heterogeneously intermediate signal intensity on T1-weighted images. As T2-weighted images were compared with pathologic specimens, intermediate signal intensity corresponded to caseous necrosis, whereas high signal intensity related to granulomas or effusion. Postcontrast T1-weighted images showed enhancement at the peripheries rather than the centers of tuberculous lesions. These results indicate that tuberculous arthritis should be included in the differential diagnosis when intra-articular lesions with low or intermediate signal intensity are found on T2-weighted images.  相似文献   

7.
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to describe the MR findings in extraspinal musculoskeletal tuberculosis (EMT). METHOD: A retrospective review was conducted of the MR findings of 18 patients with microbiologically and/or pathologically proven EMT. All MR studies were performed using T1-and T2-weighted spin echo sequences. T1-weighted spin echo sequences after Gd-DTPA injection were obtained for 12 patients. The MR images were evaluated for abnormalities in joints, bones, and soft tissues, and the results were grouped by anatomic localization, frequency distribution of structures affected, and morphologic patterns of involvement. RESULTS: Isolated soft tissue tuberculosis was found in 10 (55.5%) patients and involvement of more than one structure in 8 (44.4%). Pyomyositis (n = 6) and arthritis with involvement of adjacent soft tissues (n = 7) were the most common forms of presentation. One patient presented with isolated fascial superficial tissue involvement in one leg. Isolated pyomyositis involving one (n = 3) or two (n = 3) muscles was homogeneous in six cases and showed intermediate (n = 6), low (n = 2), or high (n = 1) signal intensity on T1-weighted images and a high and very hyperintense signal on T2-weighted images. The tenosynovitis synovial fluid was homogeneous (n = 1) or heterogeneous with multiple tiny hypointense nodules (n = 1) on T2-weighted images. The subdeltoid bursitis fluid was characterized by homogeneous low signal intensity with a hyperintense rim (n = 2) on T1-weighted images and homogeneous (n = 1) or heterogeneous hyperintense signals with areas of low signal intensity (n = 1) on T2-weighted images. In tuberculous arthritis, the synovial joint fluid (n = 7) showed heterogeneous (n = 4) or homogeneous (n = 3) low signal intensity on T1-weighted images and high or very high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Where involved, the adjacent muscle(s) (n = 8) were usually hypointense on T1-weighted images and very hyperintense on T2-weighted images. Associated cellulitis was found in arthritis with involvement of neighboring soft tissues (n = 5), pyomyositis (n = 2), and tenosynovitis (n = 1). The images obtained after Gd-DTPA showed peripheral (n = 10) or heterogeneous (n = 1) enhancement or no enhancement (n = 1). CONCLUSION: The MR findings for EMT are variable. Although diagnosis is dependent largely on prior presumption and clinical context, MRI provides valuable guidelines in defining the extent of the lesions to select the appropriate treatment and for follow-up of abnormalities.  相似文献   

8.
MR imaging of spinal neurofibromatosis   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
The MR findings in 7 patients with neurofibromatosis involving the spine were evaluated. Six patients had paraspinal tumors at multiple levels. In 4 they were bilateral. Five patients had multiple intraspinal lesions, frequently with growth through the neural foramen. In one patient paraspinal tumors were found in the lumbar sacral plexus and in another bony dysplasia and meningoceles but no tumors were disclosed. In 2 patients the lesions were associated with bilateral acoustic neuromas and multiple intracranial meningeomas. In one of these a spinal meningeoma with signal characteristics close to spinal cord was found. The other tumors had a signal that was equal to or slightly lower than the spinal cord and slightly higher than muscle on T1-weighted images. On T2-weighted images the tumors had a markedly increased signal compared to surrounding tissue. In 3 patients with tumors larger than 4 cm the signal intensity was inhomogeneous with decreased signal in the center on T2-weighted images, indicating the presence of increased fibrous tissue. Gadolinium-DTPA was given to one patient with marked increase in intensity of small tumors on T1-weighted images. The study shows that MR imaging is the modality of choice for evaluating most aspects of spinal and paraspinal neurofibromatosis.  相似文献   

9.
S Sironi  T Livraghi  A DelMaschio 《Radiology》1991,180(2):333-336
Fifty-seven magnetic resonance (MR) imaging examinations were obtained at 0.5 T in 19 patients before and after percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) for 23 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) lesions less than 3.5 cm in diameter. Seventeen patients also underwent MR imaging 6 months after completion of therapy. In 11 patients, computed tomography was performed before and after treatment. After PEI, fine-needle biopsy specimens were obtained in all cases. Before treatment, HCC lesions had low signal intensity on T1-weighted images in 13 cases, had the same signal intensity as normal liver parenchyma in six, and had high signal intensity in four; all 23 tumors had high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. After treatment and at 6-month follow-up, all 21 lesions that contained no malignant cells at fine-needle biopsy had high signal intensity on T1-weighted images and had low signal intensity on T2-weighted images. The remaining two HCC lesions in which tumor necrosis was not achieved with PEI displayed a different MR pattern, since the residual neoplastic tissue showed no change in signal intensity on either T1- or T2-weighted images. The authors conclude that MR imaging may be useful for evaluating the effectiveness of PEI in achieving tumor regression.  相似文献   

10.
目的 探讨MRI对软组织脉管畸形的诊断价值.资料与方法 回顾性分析575例脉管畸形患者的MRI表现.结果 490例血管畸形,T1WI等信号88例,混杂信号402例;T2WI不均匀高信号475例,较均匀高信号15例,圆形血管样高信号210例,在病变的边缘可见尖角样改变216例.43例淋巴管畸形,T1WI等信号2例,混杂信号36例;T2WI不均匀高信号38例,5例T1WI、T2WI表现为脂肪增厚,另见囊状灶26例.42例血管、淋巴管混合畸形,T1WI等信号2例,混杂信号40例;T2WI不均匀高信号42例.结论 MRI能反映脉管畸形的特征,对其诊断与鉴别诊断有重要价值.  相似文献   

11.
MR imaging of intracranial tuberculomas   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
Eight patients with intracranial tuberculomas were studied with CT and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Large, ring enhancing, solid lesions on CT showed low intensity on T2-weighted images and intermediate intensity on T1-weighted images. Small lesions, with ring enhancement on CT, showed central bright signal on T2-weighted images with a peripheral low intensity rim surrounded by high intensity edema. The MR imaging features of the tuberculomas were found to be distinct from those of abscesses, metastases, and gliomas.  相似文献   

12.
Objective. To evaluate MR imaging and pathology findings in order to define the characteristic features of clear cell sarcoma of the soft tissues (malignant melanoma of the soft parts). Design and patients. MR examinations of 21 patients with histologically proven clear cell sarcoma of the musculoskeletal system were retrospectively reviewed and assessed for shape, homogeneity, delineation, signal intensities on T1- and T2-weighted images, contrast enhancement, relationship with adjacent fascia or tendon, secondary bone involvement, and intratumoral necrosis. In 19 cases the pathology findings were available for review and for a comparative MR-pathology study. Results. On T1-weighted images, lesions were isointense (n=3), hypointense (n=7) or slightly hyperintense to muscle (n=11). Immunohistochemical examination was performed in 17 patients. All 17 specimens showed positivity for HMB-45 antibody. In nine of 11 lesions with slightly increased signal intensity on T1-weighted images, a correlative MR imaging-pathology study was possible. All nine were positive to HMB-45 antibody. Conclusions. Clear cell sarcoma of the musculoskeletal system often has a benign-looking appearance on MR images. In up to 52% of patients, this lesion with melanocytic differentiation has slightly increased signal intensity on T1-weighted images compared with muscle. As the presence of this relative higher signal intensity on T1-weighted images is rather specific for tumors displaying melanocytic differentiation, radiologists should familiarize themselves with this rare entity and include it in their differential diagnosis when confronted with a well-defined, homogeneous, strongly enhancing mass with slightly higher signal intensity compared with muscle on native T1-weighted images. Received: 18 October 1999 Revision requested: 19 November 1999 Revision received: 21 January 2000 Accepted: 25 January 2000  相似文献   

13.
Objective  The authors describe magnetic resonance (MR) findings in eight patients with histologically confirmed focal myositis. Materials and methods  In each patient, axial TSE T1-weighted and fast short-tau inversion recovery (STIR) images were obtained using a 1.5-T MR scanner. Three patients also underwent dynamic contrast-enhanced MR examination using a GE T1-weighted sequence. The following features were evaluated: anatomical distribution, extent of the involvement, signal intensity characteristics, dynamic enhancement pattern and outcome at follow-up examinations. Results  Seven of eight lesions were located in the lower extremities, one of eight in the arm; four of eight involved part of a muscle, two of eight diffusely involved a muscle and two of eight showed multifocal involvement of two or more muscles. All lesions were hyperintense on fast-STIR images: the hyperintensity was homogeneous in six of eight and inhomogeneous in two of eight. On T1-weighted unenhanced images, all lesions but two appeared isointense or slightly hypointense in comparison to normal muscles; two lesions showed a slight hyperintensity. Dynamic enhancement pattern corresponded to the type usually seen in benign soft tissue lesions. All lesions disappeared. Conclusion  Focal myositis is an uncommon pseudotumour which should be considered in the differential diagnosis of muscular masses and myopathies.  相似文献   

14.
目的:分析骨化性肌炎的临床和MRI表现特点,以提高其诊断和鉴别诊断的能力。方法:对16例经手术或穿刺病理证实为骨化性肌炎患者的临床和MR检查图像进行回顾性分析。结果:外伤后四肢痛性软组织肿块是其主要临床表现,T2WI上见有团块和分叶状不均匀信号、边缘有低信号带形成的软组织肿块,周围有显著的水肿带是其特征性的MRI表现。结论:骨化性肌炎临床上多有外伤史,MRI表现具有一定的特征性,提高对其MR表现的认识有助于诊断和鉴别诊断,避免不必要的手术。  相似文献   

15.
The CT and magnetic resonance (MR) findings in 13 patients with advanced Zollinger-Ellison syndrome are described. In eight patients (62%) one or more primary tumors were found with both methods. All patients with proven liver metastases (n = 7) were identified by MR. Computed tomography was positive in six of these patients. Three patients with lymph node metastases were identified on CT and MR and one patient had bone metastases. Computed tomography and MR were inferior to selective arteriography in the detection of multiple lesions of the pancreas in a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia-I syndrome. On the T1-weighted MR images, the primary tumors demonstrated no consistency with regard to their signal intensity relative to the adjacent pancreatic parenchyma. All gastrinomas had an increased relative signal intensity on the T2-weighted images with the exception of a calcified tumor. Liver and lymph node metastases had a low signal intensity on the T1-weighted images and an increased signal intensity on the T2-weighted images. The signal intensity of primary tumors and metastases was independent of size. In conclusion, MR was able to detect abnormalities based on its outstanding lesion/normal tissue contrast, whereas CT diagnosis was based mostly on contour distortion. For the current technique, MR is considered at least equal to CT.  相似文献   

16.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this article is to describe the findings of MRI in tuberculous pyomyositis (PM). METHOD: The MR images of four proven cases of tuberculous PM were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed with clinical and laboratory findings. The location, signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted spin echo images, presence of abscess, signal intensity of peripheral rim, patterns of contrast enhancement, and associated findings were evaluated. RESULTS: On MR images, all cases demonstrated low signal intensity on T1-weighted images and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images in a single muscle. Abscess was seen in all cases. Peripheral rim showed subtle hyperintensity on T1-weighted images and hypointensity on T2-weighted images. After gadolinium infusion, peripheral rim enhancement was observed in all cases. Cellulitis was associated in one case. The patients clinically presented with a palpable mass of long duration. CONCLUSION: Tuberculous PM shows characteristic findings of a well demarcated abscess with rim enhancement at MRI and can be distinguished from other soft tissue masses.  相似文献   

17.
MR imaging of the larynx at 1.5 T   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
The normal magnetic resonance (MR) anatomy of the larynx at high field strength (1.5 T) was studied in 2 normal excised larynges and 62 subjects without laryngopharyngeal disease. The two normal excised larynges were imaged using a 1.5 T MR scanner with a 3 in diameter circular surface coil and a GE 9800 CT scanner. The larynges were sectioned transversely and the MR and CT images compared to gross and histologic sections. Unossified hyaline cartilage was intermediate in signal intensity on T1-weighted and proton density images and low in intensity on T2-weighted images. The signal intensity from ossified cartilage was determined by the amount of fatty marrow and was high in intensity on T1-weighted and proton density images and low to intermediate in intensity on T2-weighted images. A chemical shift artifact from high intensity fatty marrow obscured the calcified or ossified cortex of the major laryngeal cartilages along the frequency encoding axis. The epiglottic cartilage demonstrated an intermediate signal intensity on T1-weighted images and higher intensity on proton density and T2-weighted images. The intralaryngeal muscles were well demonstrated as low intensity structures. The conus elasticus and the vocal ligaments were not recognized as distinct structures. However, the quadrangular membrane and a previously undescribed membrane separating the preepiglottic and paralaryngeal spaces were shown on MR as low intensity linear structures. In the 62 subjects, MR at 1.5 T proved excellent for demonstrating the anatomical details of the major laryngeal cartilages, extra- and intralaryngeal muscles, ligaments, and soft tissues including the vocal cords, false vocal cords, laryngeal ventricles, aryepiglottic folds, preepiglottic space, and paralaryngeal spaces. Visibility and intensity of muscles, ligaments, and soft tissues did not depend on age or sex. The intensity pattern of the thyroid and cricoid cartilages demonstrated wide variations in the same sex and age groups, depending on the degree of ossification. However, they did show more high intensity foci in older men than in younger women. Magnetic resonance showed better contrast resolution and finer detail than CT scans in the same subjects. Magnetic resonance imaging at 1.5 T, with either a saddle-shaped neck surface coil or a 3 in diameter circular surface coil, provides high contrast and high spatial resolution images and could be useful for the diagnosis of lesions of the larynx.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)  相似文献   

18.
Objective  The aim of this study was to describe and compare the magnetic resonance (MR) and histological appearance of subchondral vertebral lesions that are idiopathic or that develop with vertebral fractures. Materials and methods  T1- and T2-weighted spin-echo images and radiographs were obtained in 81 cadaveric spine specimens. All subchondral vertebral lesions that were considered to be idiopathic or associated with vertebral end plate fractures were selected. Lesions due to growth disturbance were excluded. Radiographs and MR images were analyzed in consensus by two radiologists, and sampled specimens were analyzed by a pathologist. Results  Eleven idiopathic and ten fracture-associated vertebral lesions were available. On T1-weighted images, all lesion signal intensity was low and homogeneous. On T2-weighted images, all idiopathic lesions showed a heterogeneous signal with a central low or intermediate signal component and a peripheral high or intermediate component. All but one fracture-related lesions showed a homogeneous intermediate to high signal intensity. Histological analysis of idiopathic lesions showed a central acellular fibrous connective tissue in all cases surrounded by loose connective tissue in nine cases. Herniated disk material and cartilage metaplasia were found in one lesion only. Fracture-associated lesions contained herniated disk material, necrotic tissue, and loose connective tissue with a peripheral component of loose fibrovascular connective tissue in four cases only. Conclusion  MR and histological appearance of idiopathic and fracture-associated subchondral vertebral lesions differ, suggesting that they might have a different origin.  相似文献   

19.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: MR imaging can now be used safely in extremely preterm infants. The aim of this study was to compare the MR imaging appearance of the immature brain with neuropathologic findings at postmortem examination. METHODS: Seven extremely sick preterm infants, born at a median of 24 weeks' gestation, were studied using T1- and T2-weighted MR sequences. Infants died at a median of 3 days after initial MR imaging, and postmortem examinations were carried out. RESULTS: The cortex and germinal matrix were seen as areas of low signal intensity on T2-weighted images, which corresponded to their highly cellular histologic appearance. The periventricular and subcortical layers of white matter had a high signal intensity, corresponding to high fiber and relatively low cellular density; the intermediate layer of low signal intensity corresponded to a dense band of migrating cells. Regions of acute hemorrhage were seen as low signal intensity and regions of infarction as high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. One infant with mild periventricular leukomalacia had some low signal intensity on T1-weighted images, but no focal changes on T2-weighted images. Regions of neuronal mineralization, seen in association with infarction and capillary proliferation, within the basal ganglia and thalami were characterized by very low signal intensity on T2-weighted images and by very high signal intensity on T1-weighted images. There were no imaging abnormalities detected in regions with more subtle histologic abnormalities, such as increased glial or apoptotic cells. CONCLUSION: MR imaging can be used to observe normal developing brain anatomy in extremely premature infants; it can detect areas of hemorrhage and infarction within the developing brain, but conventional MR imaging may not detect more subtle histologic abnormalities.  相似文献   

20.
We reviewed the magnetic resonance (MR) appearances of 13 malignant fibrous histiocytomas (MFH) of soft tissue and correlated each with the respective lesion's histopathology. The MR images were evaluated for signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted spin echo sequences, homogeneity of the lesion, presence of internal low signal septations, and margin definition. Histologic subtypes of MFH included storiform-pleomorphic, giant cell, myxoid, and inflammatory. We could not establish a correlation between MR appearance and histopathology. Instead, our series exhibited general features suggestive of malignant soft tissue neoplasms, namely poor margin definition, internal low signal septation, and heterogeneous high signal intensity on T2-weighted images.  相似文献   

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