合作性学习在护理本科专业英语教学中的应用

目的:探讨合作性学习在护理本科专业英语教学中的应用效果.方法:将我校2004级48名护理本科生按班级分为两组,实验组(1班,24名)采用合作性学习教学法,对照组(2班,24)采用传统教学法,比较两组教学效果,并通过问卷调查总结学生对合作性学习教学方法的评价.结果:(1)实验组听、说、读、写、译的能力及综合能力考核明显优于对照组(P＜0.05);(2)问卷调查结果显示,实验组学生认为合作性学习教学法激发了学习兴趣,有利于增进师生、学生间的关系,有利于护生提高学习的主动性和合作能力的培养.结论:合作性学习能够应用在护理本科专业英语教学中,且更有利于学习能力的培养.     

“工学结合”教学模式在护理学基础实践教学中的应用探讨

目的 探讨“工学结合”教学模式在护理学基础课程实践教学中的应用效果.方法 以2010级三年制中专护理班的62名学生为实验组,采用“工学结合”教学模式教学;另以85名为对照组,运用传统实验教学法教学.通过实践考核比较两组的学习情况.结果 实验组学生无论是考核成绩还是综合能力均明显高于对照组护生.结论 “工学结合”教学模式在提高学生的护理技能和综合实践能力方面优于传统实验教学法.     

小组学习法在高职《急救护理》技能教学中的应用

目的探讨适合高职《急救护理》技能教学的教学方法和应用效果。方法以《急救护理》技能教学为研究基础,将我院2007级护理1班57人为实验组,2007级护理2班56人为对照组,实验组采取小组学习法,对照组采取传统教学法授课,通过技能考核和学生访谈的形式比较两组的教学效果。结果采用小组学习法授课的实验组学生,其技能考核成绩优于对照组,且实验组学生对小组学习法教学的效果评价较高。结论小组学习法技能教学能够激发学生的学习兴趣,提高学习主动性,有助于培养学生团结协作的精神和竞争意识,改变教师少,学生多,学生惰性强的问题,实现每个学生都得到发展的目标,适应现代高职护理教育改革的需求。     

小组合作性学习结合PBL教学对儿科护理学实践教学的影响

目的:探讨小组合作性学习结合PBL教学对儿科护理学实践教学效果的影响。方法:将2007级普通及急危重症护理班学生设为对照组、实验组,分别采用传统实践教学法和小组合作性学习结合PBL的教学方法,并比较两组实验、理论考核成绩及学习兴趣。结果:实验组儿科护理学理论测试中的病例分析题及实验考核成绩的平均分均显著优于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:小组合作性学习结合PBL的教学方法,更能提高学生的沟通及表达能力、提高解决问题的能力、拓宽书本及课堂知识面,且有利于培养学生的团队合作精神。     

Seminar教学法在高职康复护理教学中的应用效果

目的探讨Seminar教学法在高职康复护理教学中的应用效果。方法采用整群抽样方法,将秦皇岛市卫生学校2018级护理1班80名学生作为实验组,应用Seminar教学法;2班79名学生作为对照组,应用传统教学方法。比较两组理论考试、技能考核成绩及临床思维能力。结果实验组理论考试、技能考核成绩及临床思维能力显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论在康复护理教学中应用Seminar教学法,有利于激发学生学习兴趣,提高临床思维能力,增加自信心,提高教学质量。     

小组合作性学习对中职护生综合能力培养的探讨

目的探讨小组合作性学习对中职护生综合能力培养的效果。方法选取我校2011级护理专业两个班学生81人,随机将1班41人设为实验组,2班40人设为对照组,实验组采用小组合作性学习开展外科护理实验教学,对照组采用传统教学方法进行教学。结果实验组护生在团队精神、学习自信心、分析及解决问题、学习效率、整体护理思维等综合能力方面以及操作、理论考核成绩均优于对照组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论小组合作性学习能较好地培养护生的综合能力,提高护生的学习兴趣和效率,值得在临床护理实验教学中推广。     

“促体验学习”在护理技能训练中的实践与效果

目的探讨在护理技能教学中"促体验学习"教学的应用效果。方法随机整体抽取高职护理专业2015级两个班学生为研究对象,分为对照组和实验组。对照组采用常规教学法,实验组采用"促体验学习"教学法。护理技能教学结束后对两组进行护理技能操作考核,并对实验组进行问卷调查,进行教学效果评价。结果实验组护理技能操作考核成绩明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。实验组技能教学后"体验学习自评量表"各项得分显著高于教学前(P<0.01)。结论 "促体验学习"教学法能显著提高学生综合职业能力和素质,是有效的教学方法,值得推广应用。     

教学做一体化教学方法在身体评估教学中的应用

目的探讨教学做一体化教学方法在中职身体评估教学中的应用及效果。方法按方便抽样的方法抽取2011级中职助产专业两个班学生,将助产1班设为对照组(73人),助产2班设为实验组(73人)。对照组采用传统教学方法,实验组采用教学做一体化教学方法。教学完成后对两组学生进行理论和技能考核,实验组采用问卷法对教学做一体化教学方法进行评价。结果实验组理论考核成绩高于对照组,实验组技能考核成绩显著高于对照组。实验组多数学生对教学做一体化教学评价满意。结论教学做一体化教学方法能较好地调动学生的学习积极性,激发学生的学习兴趣,使学生更好地掌握理论知识,提高学生的动手能力。     

概念图教学法在《护理学基础》教学中的应用

目的:探讨概念图教学法在《护理学基础》教学中的运用效果。方法:便利整群抽取护理专业全日制本科护生091班和092班学生为研究对象,其中091班为实验组,092班为对照组,实验组采用概念图教学方法,对照组采用传统教学方法。在该课程开课前和课程结束后,两组均填写护理专业学生自主学习能力测评量表并接受期末考核。结果:实验组学生自主学习能力及考试成绩均优于对照组学生(P<0.05)。结论:概念图教学法,激发了学生学习兴趣,有效提高了学生的自主学习能力。     

小组合作性学习教学模式在药理学实验中的应用

目的探讨小组合作性学习教学模式在药理学实验中的应用效果。方法选择我校2008级护理专业2个班学生共110人为对象,随机分成实验组和对照组,实验组采用小组合作性学习教学模式,对照组采用传统教学方法,2组从实验操作、作业成绩和问卷调查结果进行比较。结果实验组实验操作、作业成绩均优于对照组（P〈0.01）;问卷调查结果显示,实验组学生的语言表达能力,合作能力,动手操作能力,观察问题、分析问题、解决问题的能力有了很大提高,现就如何实施小组合作性学习教学模式进行探讨。结论在药理学实验中应用小组合作性学习模式进行教学,能取得较好的教学效果。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.