130例乳腺癌彩超表现与病理相关性的研究

目的 探讨乳腺癌彩色多普勒超声与病理组织学分类的关系，并寻找其诊断要点。方法 应用高频彩色多普勒超声检查了130例乳腺癌共计136个肿块，根据其超声声像图表现从形态、边界、回声、钙化灶，与周围组织的关系、血流显像等要素对病灶的超声图像与病理结果进行回顾性分析。结果 130例乳腺癌中，超声诊断112例，误诊18例，超声与病理结果的符合率为86．15％。假阴性率13．85％。结论 对乳腺癌声像图的特征与病理检查结果对照分析有利于系统观察肿瘤组织学改变的多样性及复杂性，确诊要点以肿瘤的边界、回声特征最为关键。对恶性肿瘤滋养血管的血流特性，用彩色多普勒血流显像技术显示有助诊断。     

高频彩色多普勒超声检查浅表软组织肿块的应用价值

目的：探讨高频超声及彩色多普勒血流显像（CDFI）对浅表软组织肿块的诊断价值。方法：对217例经病理证实的浅表软组织肿块的二维声像图及彩色多普勒血流显像进行分析。结果：217例中良性病变179例,恶性病变38例。超声对病变的检出率为100%,准确率为94.0%（204/217）。良恶性肿物的血流动力学参数Vmax、RI有显著性差异。结论：高频超声及彩色多普勒血流显像对浅表软组织肿块的诊断及鉴别诊断具有一定的临床价值。     

彩色多普勒超声对乳腺癌的诊断价值

<正>本文应用高频探头对乳腺癌的声像图表现及彩色多普勒血流显像特征进行总结,并与病理结果对照分析,旨在提高乳腺癌的诊断符合率。现将我院自2005年1月～2010年4月采用高频超声与彩色多普勒血流显像检查诊断并经病理确诊的36例乳腺癌病例分析如下。     

彩色多普勒血流显像和脉冲多普勒技术对乳腺肿块的诊断作用

目的 探讨彩色多普勒血流显像和脉冲多普勒超声在乳腺肿块诊断中的应用价值。方法 对90例乳腺肿块行彩色多普勒血流显像和脉冲多普勒血流研究，测量其血流参数。结果 乳腺恶性肿块内收缩期峰值血流速度（Vp)、阻力指数（RI）、搏动指数（PI）均高于良性肿块，两组间有显性差异（P＜0.01)。结论 在乳腺肿块诊断中，彩色多普勒血流显像和脉冲多普勒技术是一种简便、有效的辅助检查方法。     

乳腺癌的彩色多普勒及高频超声表现(附82例分析)

目的 探讨乳腺癌的高频超声图像特征及彩色多普勒血流表现。方法回顾性分析82例经手术、病理证实为乳腺癌的高频超声表现及彩色多普勒血流特征：结果乳腺癌的高频超声图像像，如肿块的形态、边界、内部回声、钙化、衰减及彩色多普勒血流，有一定的特征。结论高频超声与彩色多普勒技术联合应用诊断乳腺癌，其诊断符合率会有一定的提高。     

运用二维、彩色多普勒超声诊断甲状腺炎性疾病的价值

本文运用二维超声及彩色多普勒血流显像，对比观察甲状腺内部回声特点及血流灌注情况，探讨其对甲状腺炎性疾病诊断的意义。     

彩色多普勒超声显像与能量多普勒超声显像联合定量大脑中动脉血流量初探

目的：探讨彩色多普勒超声显像无创测定大脑中动脉血流量（MCA—BF）及其正常值。方法：采用彩色多普勒超声显像与能量多普勒超声显像联合测定51例正常人大脑中动脉内径（D）和血流速度积分（VTI），根据血流量BF（ml／min）=（D／2）^2π·VTI·HR（HR为心率）计算血流量。结果：应用统计学处理得出正常值。结论：应用彩色多普勒超声血流显像与能量多普勒超声显像可动态测量大脑中动脉血流量，其方法值得深入研究及推广。     

彩色多普勒血流显像对甲状腺疾病的诊断与鉴别

目的探讨彩色多普勒血流显像对甲状腺疾病的诊断和鉴别价值。方法采用彩色多普勒血流显像（CDFI）对128例经手术和病理证实的甲状腺疾病进行了分析，并与病理组织检查对照。结果与病理相对照，CDFI对结节性甲状腺肿的病变诊断符合率为94．0％（47／50），桥本甲状腺炎病变诊断符合率为94．1％（16/17），甲状腺腺瘤病变诊断符合率为95．6％（44/46），甲状腺癌病变诊断符合率为86．6％（13／15）。结论彩色多普勒超声在甲状腺疾病的诊断中具有较高的应用价值和鉴别价值。     

彩色多普勒在肿瘤血管血流动力学检查上的应用

肿瘤血管微循环的病理基础，肿瘤血管的彩色多普勒血流显像，彩色多普勒血流显像对肿瘤血管的定量及半定量分析。     

彩色多普勒对胆囊癌的诊断评价

彩色多普勒对胆囊癌的诊断评价５１０５１５广州第一军医大学南方医院徐颖陈越秀①关键词超声学；彩色多普勒血流显像；胆囊肿瘤；诊断中国图书资料分类号Ｒ４４５．１Ｂ型超声已广泛应用于胆囊疾病的诊断，而彩色多普勒血流显象（ＣＤＦＩ）对胆囊病变的诊断方面报道较少...     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.