miRNA-146a and miRNA-126 as Potential Biomarkers in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Generalized Periodontitis

The present study aims to compare the levels of micro-RNA-146a and micro-RNA-126 in oral subgingival plaque and coronary plaque from artery walls in patients with coronary artery disease who suffer from generalized periodontitis. A total of 75 participants were selected and grouped into three categories of 25 patients each: GP+CAD, GP, and HP groups. GP+CAD consisted of patients diagnosed with generalized periodontitis (GP) and coronary artery disease (CAD). The GP+CAD group was further divided into two groups—GP+CADa: where subgingival plaque samples were collected; GP+CADb group: where coronary plaque samples were collected while the patient underwent a coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. The GP group consisted of 25 patients diagnosed with only generalized periodontitis. The HP group consisted of 25 systemically and periodontally healthy controls. miRNA-146a and miRNA126 levels were assessed in subgingival plaque (SP) samples from all groups. Results revealed that miRNA-146a was expressed at higher levels and miRNA-126 was downregulated in the GP+CAD group. microRNAs in subgingival plaque samples showed a significant correlation with the coronary plaque samples in the GP+CAD group. miRNA-146a and miRNA-126 were present in coronary artery disease patients with periodontitis. These micro-RNAs may serve as risk biomarkers for coronary artery disease and generalized periodontitis.     

Tumour-derived exosomes promote the induction of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells by delivering miR-106a-5p and miR-146a-5p in multiple myeloma

The shift of the tumour immune microenvironment to a suppressive state promotes not only the development and progression of the disease in multiple myeloma (MM) but also the development of resistance to immunotherapy. We previously demonstrated that myeloma cells can induce monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs) from healthy peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) via the concomitant secretion of CC motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), but an unknown mediator also promotes M-MDSC induction. This study demonstrates that miR-106a-5p and miR-146a-5p delivered by tumour-derived exosomes (TEXs) from myeloma cells play essential roles in M-MDSC induction in MM. MiR-106a-5p and miR-146a-5p upregulate various immunosuppressive/inflammatory molecules in PBMCs, such as IDO1, CD38, programmed death-ligand 1, CCL5 or MYD88, which are involved in interferon (IFN)-α response, IFN-γ response, inflammatory response, tumour necrosis factor-α signalling and Interleukin-6-JAK–STAT3 signalling. These molecular features mirror the increases in myeloid cellular compartments of PBMCs when co-cultured with myeloma cells. MiR-106a-5p and miR-146a-5p have a compensatory relationship, and these two miRNAs collaborate with CCL5 and MIF to promote M-MDSC induction. Collectively, novel therapeutic candidates may be involved in TEX-mediated sequential cellular and molecular events underlying M-MDSC induction, potentially improving the efficacy of immunotherapy.     

血浆miR-1228-5p、miR-34a-5p、miR-192-5p和miR-30a-3p水平与早发冠心病的相关性及其初筛价值

目的]探讨血浆miR-1228-5p、miR-34a-5p、miR-192-5p和miR-30a-3p水平与早发冠心病(PCAD)的相关性及其对PCAD的初筛价值。[方法]根据纳入标准及排除标准,纳入6例明确诊断的PCAD患者作为PCAD组,纳入6例健康受试者作为对照组,收集PCAD组和对照组血液,提取血清样本并保存,使用DNBseq平台检测两组血清中miRNA水平,筛选差异水平显著的miRNA。根据纳入标准及排除标准,收集78例PCAD患者、75例晚发冠心病患者和69例健康对照者的血液并对筛选的miRNA进行实时荧光定量PCR验证。分析PCAD患者冠状动脉造影报告,采用Gensini评分评估冠状动脉病变的严重程度。Spearman相关性检验分析有关miRNA水平与冠状动脉狭窄程度的相关性。ROC曲线分析血浆miR-1228-5p、miR-34a-5p、miR-192-5p及miR-30a-3p水平对PCAD的诊断价值,多因素Logistic回归分析PCAD发生的影响因素。[结果]DNBseq平台分析显示,差异表达miRNA 33个,其中上调miRNA 17个,下调miRNA 16个,差异水平最为显著的5个miRNA分别为miR-1228-5p、miR-34a-5p、miR-192-5p、miR-424-3p和miR-30a-3p;实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,与对照组相比,PCAD患者血浆miR-1228-5p升高1.7倍,miR-34a-5p升高1.4倍,miR-192-5p升高0.7倍,miR-30a-3p升高2.5倍(P＜0.05),两组间血浆miR-424-3p水平差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);血浆miR-1228-5p和miR-34a-5p水平与PCAD患者冠状动脉狭窄程度均呈正相关(r＝0.307,P＝0.004;r＝0.238,P＝0.036);ROC曲线分析显示,miR-1228-5p、miR-34a-5p、miR-192-5p和miR-30a-3p诊断PCAD的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.903、0.832、0.731及0.798,其联合诊断PCAD的ROC曲线下面积为0.990,95%CI为0.976～1.000。[结论]PCAD患者血浆miR-1228-5p、miR-34a-5p、miR-192-5p和miR-30a-3p水平显著升高,其联合检测诊断PCAD具有较高的准确性,有望成为初筛PCAD的新型生物标志物。     

Coronary Artery Disease Severity and Cardiovascular Biomarkers in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease

Cardiovascular mortality in peripheral artery disease (PAD) patients is higher in critical limb ischemia (CLI) than in intermittent claudication (IC). We sought to evaluate differential characteristics of coronary artery disease (CAD) severity and prognostic biomarkers for cardiovascular events between CLI and IC patients. Coronary angiography was performed on 242 PAD patients (age 73 ± 8 years) with either CLI or IC. High-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT), eicosapentaenoic acid–arachidonic acid ratio (EPA/AA), and lipoprotein(a), as biomarkers for prognostic factors, were measured from blood samples. The study patients were divided into a CLI-group (n = 42) and IC-group (n = 200). The Gensini score as an indicator of coronary angiographic severity was higher in the CLI-group than in the IC-group (39.1 ± 31.2 vs. 8.5 ± 8.3, p < 0.0001). Hs-TnT and lipoprotein(a) values were higher in the CLI-group than in the IC-group (0.152 ± 0.186 ng/mL vs. 0.046 ± 0.091, p < 0.0001, 45.9 ± 23.3 mg/dL vs. 26.2 ± 27.7, p = 0.0002, respectively) and EPA/AA was lower in the CLI-group than in the IC-group (0.22 ± 0.11 vs. 0.38 ± 0.29, p = 0.0049, respectively). Greater CAD severity, higher hs-TnT, and lipoprotein(a), and lower EPA/AA were observed in the CLI-group, which may explain higher cardiovascular events in patients with CLI.     

Evaluation of SNPs in miR-196-a2, miR-27a and miR-146a as risk factors of colorectal cancer

AIM: To investigate whether selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miR-196a2, miR-27a and miR-146a genes are associated with sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC).METHODS: In order to investigate the effect of these SNPs in CRC, we performed a case-control study of 197 cases of sporadic CRC and 212 cancer-free controls originating from the Central-European Caucasian population using TaqMan Real-Time polymerase chain reaction and allelic discrimination analysis.RESULTS: The genotype and allele frequencies of SNPs were compared between the cases and the controls. None of the performed analysis showed any statistically significant results.CONCLUSION: Our data suggest a lack of association between rs11614913, rs895819 and rs2910164 and colorectal cancer risk in the Central-European Caucasian population, a population with an extremely high incidence of sporadic colorectal cancer.     

Evaluation of Cardiac Biomarkers and Expression Analysis of IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, and IL-25 among COVID-19 Patients from Pakistan

Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is caused by viral infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Where upregulation of several important biomarkers and multiple organ dysfunction occurs, this study aimed to evaluate the association of cardiac biomarkers and CS induced acute lung damage with disease severity and mortality in survival of COVID-19 patients. A total of 500 COVID-19 patients with elevated cardiac biomarkers were studied for the analysis of myocardial abnormality through cardiac enzymes, inflammatory biomarkers, and the expression analysis of various cytokines, including IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, and IL-25 genes. The elevation of various cardiac enzymes including LDH (87%), CK (78.4%), TNI (80.4%), CK-MB (83%), and D-dimer (80.8%) were found correlated (p < 0.001) with COVID-19 infection. Cardiac enzyme elevation was highly associated with an increased level of inflammatory biomarkers such as CRP (14.2%), SAA (11.4%) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (7.8%) (p = 0.001 for all). The quantitative expression analysis of IL-10, 1L-17, and 1L-25 were found to be high, while those of IL-1 and IL-6 were moderately elevated. The death-to-live ratio of COVID-19 patients was 457:43 indicating that the patients having elevated levels of both CKMB, D-dimer, CK and IL-1, IL-6, IL-10 and D-dimer, Troponin, CK and IL-1, IL-10 had high fatality rate (73% and 12% respectively). The current finding concludes that the evaluation of cardiac biomarkers with cytokine storm plays a significant role in COVID-19-associated anatomical organ damage, myocardial injury, and mortality. Physicians should pay special attention to cardiac biomarkers in patients with old age, inflammation, and comorbidities among COVID-19 infections.     

血清miR-92a-1-5p及miR-92a-2-5p表达水平与老年卒中后抑郁的关系

目的 分析血清微小核糖核酸-92a-1-5p ( miR-92a-1-5p)、 miR-92a-2-5p 表达水平与老年卒中后抑郁的关系.方法 选取2018年2月至2020年10月胶州中心医院收治的129例老年卒中患者为研究组,另选取110名同期健康体检者为对照组,均检测血清miR-92a-1-5p、miR-92a-2...     

Association study of miR-146a,miR-149, miR-196a2, and miR-499 polymorphisms with venous thromboembolism in a Korean population

Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis - Despite much progress in microRNA (miRNA) research, information regarding the association between miRNAs and venous thromboembolism (VTE), especially in...     

Mid-Regional Pro-Adrenomedullin,Methemoglobin and Carboxyhemoglobin as Prognosis Biomarkers in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19: An Observational Prospective Study

Mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM), methemoglobin (MetHb), and carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels have been associated with sepsis. In this study, we assessed the role of this potential biomarkers in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Outcomes were mortality and a combined event (mortality, venous or arterial thrombosis, and orotracheal intubation (OTI)) during a 30-day follow-up. A total of 95 consecutive patients were included, 51.6% required OTI, 12.6% patients died, 8.4% developed VTE, and 3.1% developed arterial thrombosis. MetHb and COHb levels were not associated with mortality nor combined event. Higher MR-proADM levels were found in patients with mortality (median of 1.21 [interquartile range-IQR-0.84;2.33] nmol/L vs. 0.76 [IQR 0.60;1.03] nmol/L, p = 0.011) and combined event (median of 0.91 [IQR 0.66;1.39] nmol/L vs. 0.70 [IQR 0.51;0.82] nmol/L, p < 0.001); the positive likelihood ratio (LR+) and negative likelihood ratio (LR−) for mortality were 2.40 and 0.46, respectively. The LR+ and LR− for combined event were 3.16 and 0.63, respectively. MR-proADM ≥1 nmol/L was the optimal cut-off for mortality and combined event prediction. The predictive capacity of MR-proADM showed an area under the ROC curve of 0.73 (95% CI, 0.62–0.81) and 0.72 (95% CI, 0.62–0.81) for mortality and combined event, respectively. In conclusion, elevated on-admission MR-proADM levels were associated with higher risk of 30-day mortality and 30-day poor outcomes in a cohort of critically ill patients with COVID-19.     

MicroRNA-30a-5p对肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721增殖凋亡及侵袭转移的影响

目的 探讨转染miRNA-30a-5p对肝癌细胞生物学行为的影响. 方法 将miRNA-30a-5p模拟物、miRNA-30a-5p抑制物瞬时转染入肝细胞肝癌细胞株SMCC-7721,应用实时荧光定量PCR检测正常肝细胞株L02及肝癌细胞株SMCC-7721转染后的miR-30a-5p的mRNA表达情况,CCK-8法检测细胞增殖能力,克隆形成实验检测集落形成情况,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡及各组细胞周期分布的差异,Transwell小室检测各组细胞体外侵袭转移能力,建立BALB/c-nu裸小鼠肝癌模型并观察miRNA-30a-5p对肿瘤生长的影响. 结果 实时荧光定量PCR显示,与未转染组及正常肝细胞株L02相比,肝癌细胞株SMCC-7721在转染miRNA-30a-5p模拟物后,mRNA表达明显上调(P＜0.01),而转染miRNA-30a-5p抑制物的mRNA表达明显受抑(P＜0.01),差异有统计学意义.肝细胞肝癌细胞株SMCC-7721在转染miRNA-30a-5p模拟物后,细胞活性、克隆形成能力、迁移和侵袭能力与miRNA-30a-5p抑制物转染组、未转染组及正常肝细胞株L02相比,相对减弱(P＜0.05),miRNA-30a-5p模拟物转染组凋亡率,高于miRNA-30a-5p抑制物转染组、未转染组及正常肝细胞株L02 (P＜0.05),细胞周期出现S期阻滞.裸鼠肝癌模型中,实验组裸鼠瘤体质量及体积明显小于空载体对照组和空白对照组(P＜ 0.05).结论 上调miR-30a-5p表达可明显抑制肝细胞肝癌细胞株SMCC-7721的增殖,促进其凋亡,抑制其迁移、侵袭能力,并且抑制裸小鼠肝癌模型肿瘤的生长.     

Cellular miR-6741-5p as a Prognostic Biomarker Predicting Length of Hospital Stay among COVID-19 Patients

Wide variability exists with host response to SARS-CoV-2 infection among individuals. Circulatory micro RNAs (miRNAs) are being recognized as promising biomarkers for complex traits, including viral pathogenesis. We hypothesized that circulatory miRNAs at 48 h post hospitalization may predict the length of stay (LOS) and prognosis of COVID-19 patients. Plasma miRNA levels were compared between three groups: (i) healthy volunteers (C); (ii) COVID-19 patients treated with remdesivir (an antiviral) plus dexamethasone (a glucocorticoid) (with or without baricitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor) on the day of hospitalization (I); and COVID-19 patients at 48 h post treatment (T). Results showed that circulatory miR-6741-5p expression levels were significantly different between groups C and I (p < 0.0000001); I and T (p < 0.0000001); and C and T (p = 0.001). Our ANOVA model estimated that all patients with less than 12.42 Log2 CPM had a short LOS, or a good prognosis, whereas all patients with over 12.42 Log2 CPM had a long LOS, or a poor prognosis. In sum, we show that circulatory miR-6741-5p may serve as a prognostic biomarker effectively predicting mortality risk and LOS of hospitalized COVID-19 patients.     

Kidney Disease among Patients with Sickle Cell Disease,Hemoglobin SS and SC

Background and objectives

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited anemia that afflicts millions worldwide. Kidney disease is a major contributor to its morbidity and mortality. We examined contemporary and historical SCD populations to understand how renal disease behaved in hemoglobin SS (HbSS) compared with HbSC.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

Kidney function was examined in the multicentered Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension and Sickle Cell Disease with Sildenafil Therapy (Walk-PHaSST) Trial (HbSS=463; HbSC=127; years 2007–2009) and historical comparator populations from the Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease (CSSCD; HbSS=708) and the Multicenter Study of Hydroxyurea in Sickle Cell Disease (MSH; HbSS=299).

Results

In adults with SCD, eGFR was lower among older individuals: −1.78 ml/min per 1.73 m² per year of age (95% confidence interval [95% CI], −2.06 to −1.50; Walk-PHaSST Trial), −1.75 ml/min per 1.73 m² per year of age (95% CI, −2.05 to −1.44; MSH), and −1.69 ml/min per 1.73 m² per year of age (95% CI, −2.00 to −1.38; CSSCD) in HbSS compared with −1.09 ml/min per 1.73 m² per year of age (95% CI, −1.39 to −0.75) in HbSC (Walk-PHaSST Trial). Macroalbuminuria was seen in 20% of participants with SCD (HbSS or HbSC; P=0.45; Walk-PHaSST Trial), but microalbuminuria was more prevalent in HbSS (44% versus 23% in HbSC; P<0.002). In the Walk-PHaSST Trial, albuminuria was associated with hemolysis (higher lactate dehydrogenase, P<0.001; higher absolute reticulocyte count, P<0.02; and lower Hb, P=0.07) and elevated systolic BP (P<0.001) in HbSS. One half of all participants with HbSS (20 of 39) versus one fifth without (41 of 228) elevated tricuspid regurgitant jet velocity (≥3 m/s; adverse prognostic indicator in SCD) had macroalbuminuria (P<0.001). In the CSSCD, overt proteinuria, detected (less sensitively) by urine dipstick, associated with higher 3-year mortality (odds ratio, 2.48; 95% CI, 1.07 to 5.77). Serum bicarbonate was lower in HbSS (23.8 versus 24.8 mEq/dl in HbSC; P<0.05) and associated with reticulocytopenic anemia and decreased renal function.

Conclusions

In SCD, albuminuria or proteinuria was highly prevalent, in HbSS more than in HbSC. Proteinuria associated with mortality in HbSS. Older individuals had a lower than expected eGFR, and this was more prominent in HbSS. Current management does not routinely address renal complications in SCD, which could plausibly reduce morbidity and mortality.     

炎症性肠病患者外周血TRAF-5表达及与内镜下疾病活动性的相关性

目的 探讨肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子-5(tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor-5,TRAF-5)在炎症性肠病患者外周血单个核细胞和血浆的表达,比较炎症性肠病患者TRAF-5表达和正常对照者的差异,分析血浆TRAF-5表达与内镜下疾病活动性的相关性.方法 应用酶...