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1.
Psychological distancing, a form of cognitive reappraisal, involves construal of emotionally valenced stimuli in an objective manner, or with perceived spatial and temporal distance. Prior work suggests that in appropriate contexts, reappraisal broadly, and distancing specifically, is related to adaptive mental and physical health outcomes. Additionally, recent research suggests that shifting language to be more distant (i.e., linguistic distancing [LD]) can have adaptive emotion regulatory effects. The present study addressed whether LD is also associated with adaptive health indicators. Participants transcribed their thoughts while viewing negative or neutral stimuli in one of three ways: (a) by implementing objective language, (b) by implementing spatially and/or temporally far away language, or (c) by responding naturally. Across psychological distancing groups, LD was associated with lower negative affectivity (lower perceived stress and depression symptoms), better general well‐being (better emotional well‐being and energy and vitality), and better emotion regulation (ER; greater reappraisal frequency and fewer difficulties in implementing ER). Participants who used more LD in the objective group had lower negative affectivity, better general well‐being, and better ER, and those in the far group had better ER. The results reveal linguistic mechanisms underlying ER and its relationship to health indicators, suggesting future examination of LD interventions. 相似文献
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目的 探究手术室护士心理灵活性现状并分析其影响因素,为护理管理者制订针对性干预措施提供借鉴。方法 采用便利抽样法,2023年11月至2024年4月选取贵州省13所三级公立医院的403名手术室护士作为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、多维心理灵活性量表简版、社会支持评定量表、情绪调节问卷进行调查。结果 手术室护士心理灵活性得分为（49.67±9.96）分。心理灵活性与社会支持（r=0.392,P＜0.05）、认知重评呈正相关（r=0.594,P＜0.05）,与表达抑制呈负相关（r=-0.206,P＜0.05）。性别、文化程度、是否喜欢手术室护理工作在分层回归分析的3个模型中存在统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。在控制一般资料变量后,路径分析结果显示社会支持不仅对心理灵活性产生直接影响,还能通过认知重评对心理灵活性产生间接影响（均P＜0.05）。结论 手术室护士心理灵活性处于中等水平,有待进一步提高。护理管理者应特别关注社会支持、情绪调节对护士心理灵活性的重要影响,采取针对性干预措施提高护士的心理灵活性。 相似文献
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Engagement in modifiable health behaviours plays a critical role in the development of chronic illnesses. Research suggests that mindfulness facilitates health‐enhancing behaviour, yet the influence of mindfulness on different health behaviours and the mechanisms underlying this association are unclear. This study investigated a mediation model that explores psychological and emotional coping processes (reappraisal, suppression, and psychological flexibility) as mechanisms connecting mindfulness to reduced stress perceptions and reactions, which then predict physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, and sleep quality. Adults (n = 233) completed self‐report measures via Amazon's Mechanical Turk and path modelling was used to test the model for direct, indirect, and total effects. Results revealed that greater mindfulness was indirectly associated with greater engagement in all 3 health behaviours through the proposed mediators, although the association with fruit and vegetable consumption was only trending in significance. Among the coping processes, psychological flexibility emerged as the strongest mechanism in the prediction of stress. Findings suggest that being more mindful may have downstream stress‐reductive effects that enhance engagement in healthy behaviour, supporting mindfulness as a potential addition to behavioural health interventions. 相似文献
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Corinna M. Perchtold‐Stefan Andreas Fink Christian Rominger Elisabeth M. Weiss Ilona Papousek 《Stress and health》2020,36(3):274-286
Physical activity may improve stress resilience and well‐being. However, specific links to individuals' coping abilities with stressful events are sparse. This study tested whether individuals reporting more physical activity in daily life showed a higher capacity for cognitive reappraisal in dealing with potential stressors. Ninety‐eight participants reported their regular physical activity in the Freiburger Questionnaire on Physical Activity and completed a maximum performance test of their inventiveness in generating reappraisals for situations depicting real‐life stressors. The latter provides scores for overall cognitive reappraisal capacity (quantity of ideas) and preference for specific cognitive reappraisal strategies (quality of ideas; positive reinterpretation; problem‐oriented, de‐emphasizing reappraisals). Additionally, participants' anxious and depressive dispositions and general creative abilities were assessed. Results showed no association between time spent on physical activities per week and total quantity of generated reappraisal ideas. However, a higher degree of physical activity was specifically linked to a greater relative preference for the reappraisal strategy of positive reinterpretation. Opposite associations emerged for the strategy of de‐emphasizing reappraisals. The findings support the notion of more adaptive cognitive reappraisal use in more physically active individuals and may advance research on interrelationships between physical activity and cognitive and affective functions implicated in stress management. 相似文献
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The current study tested whether emotion regulation and rumination moderated and/or mediated the relationship between accumulated adverse life experience and psychological distress in adolescence. In class, Australian high school students (n = 2637, 12–18 years, 68% female) from 41 schools completed well‐validated measures of adverse life experience, emotion regulation, rumination and psychological distress, and were followed up 1 year later (n = 1973, 75% retention rate). Adjusting for age, gender and baseline psychological distress, adverse life experience predicted psychological distress 1 year later. Expressive suppression and rumination were positively associated with psychological distress. Cognitive reappraisal was negatively associated with psychological distress and moderated the relationship between adverse life experience and psychological distress. This relationship was also partially mediated by cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression and rumination. Promoting cognitive reappraisal and minimizing expressive suppression and rumination may be useful strategies to improve mental health for adolescents who have experienced adverse life events. Future research should examine whether adolescents who have experienced adverse life events can be trained in effective emotion regulation strategies and whether this training can prevent development of psychological maladjustment. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Deirdre A. Katz Alexis Harris Rachel Abenavoli Mark T. Greenberg Patricia A. Jennings 《Stress and health》2018,34(2):278-285
Studies show teaching is a highly stressful profession and that chronic work stress is associated with adverse health outcomes. This study analysed physiological markers of stress and self‐reported emotion regulation strategies in a group of middle school teachers over 1 year. Chronic physiological stress was assessed with diurnal cortisol measures at three time points over 1 year (fall, spring, fall). The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate the changes in educators' physiological level of stress. Results indicate that compared to those in the fall, cortisol awakening responses were blunted in the spring. Further, this effect was ameliorated by the summer break. Additionally, self‐reported use of the emotion regulation strategy reappraisal buffered the observed blunting that occurred in the spring. 相似文献
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Li‐Chuan Chu 《Stress and health》2010,26(2):169-180
This paper evaluates the benefits of meditation in regard to emotional intelligence (EI), perceived stress and negative mental health with cross‐sectional and experimental studies. It first studied 351 full‐time working adults with different amounts of experience in meditation for these factors in order to test the hypothesis that their differences in them were based on differences in meditation experience, and found that those participants with greater meditation experience exhibited higher EI, and less perceived stress and negative mental health than those who had less or none. It then randomly divided 20 graduate students with no previous experience of meditation into a mindfulness meditation group (n = 10) and a control group (n = 10), and measured them for the same variable pre‐treatment and post‐treatment to test the hypothesis that meditation training improves people's state, and found that those who completed the mindfulness meditation training demonstrated significant improvements compared to the control group. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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In March 2020, and in order to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on stress and mental health in parent-child dyads using pre-pandemic measures, we recontacted participants from a 2019 study. A total of 136 dyads of Canadian parents (77% mothers, mean age = 44.48 years/old) and children (63% girls, 77% aged 10–12 years/old and 23% aged 15–17 years/old) completed self-report measures of perceived stress, anxiety (state/sensitivity) and emotion regulation strategies (cognitive reappraisal/expressive suppression). Children additionally completed measures of co-rumination and perceived social support from friends, parents, and teachers. Results revealed a significant increase in parents' stress and state anxiety during the pandemic compared to before, but not in their children. Dyads' anxiety sensitivity remained unchanged, as well as parents' use of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression. Children showed similar use of cognitive reappraisal, but less expressive suppression and co-rumination during the pandemic compared to before. Children reported similar perceived social support from all sources over time. Finally, parental and children scores were not significantly correlated at either time. These results suggest that during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, parents and children responded differently in terms of stress, anxiety, and emotion regulation strategies. 相似文献
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目的 探讨遭受工作场所暴力急诊护士情绪调节策略在应对方式与抗逆力之间的调节作用,为护理管理者实施针对性管理措施提供依据。方法 选择上海市三甲医院239名遭受工作场所暴力的急诊科护士作为调查对象,采用一般资料问卷、中文版抗逆力简表、情绪调节问卷、特质应对方式问卷进行调查。结果 239名遭受工作场所暴力急诊护士的抗逆力得分为(27.42±7.44)分。认知重评、表达抑制、积极应对与急诊护士抗逆力呈正相关(均P<0.05),消极应对方式与抗逆力呈负相关(P<0.05);积极应对方式可以直接预测抗逆力,认知重评(β=-0.022,P<0.05)和表达抑制(β=-0.031,P<0.05)在积极应对方式与抗逆力间起调节作用。结论 遭受工作场所暴力急诊护士的抗逆力得分处于较低水平,情绪调节策略能够增强护士积极应对方式对抗逆力的影响。提高遭受工作场所暴力急诊护士的积极应对方式,同时帮助他们增强情绪调节策略的使用,能够有助于提高急诊护士的抗逆力,减少工作场所暴力带来的不良影响,维持身心健康。 相似文献
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Siobhan Lynch Marie‐Louise Gander Niko Kohls Brigitte Kudielka Harald Walach 《Stress and health》2011,27(5):365-375
The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of implementing a new 8‐week mindfulness‐based programme, ‘Mindfulness‐Based Coping with University Life’ (MBCUL), specifically tailored to the needs and demand of students and to explore its impact in a pilot evaluation. Participants were drawn from the University of Northampton (MBCUL N = 10; control N = 6). A non‐randomized wait‐list‐controlled design was employed. Measures examined anxiety and depression, perceived stress, mindfulness and personally relevant change before and immediately after the programme. The diurnal profile of salivary cortisol and alpha‐amylase level was collected for two consecutive days. No significant intergroup differences were observed on any of the measures at either time point. However, significant change was observed for the MBCUL group in terms of perceived stress (d = 1.06; z = ?2.25, p = 0.03), anxiety (d = 1.04; z = ?2.14, p = 0.03), depression (d = 0.52; z = ?0.69, p = 0.5) and personally relevant change (d = 2.63; z = ?2.68, p = 0.01), along with an increase in mindfulness (d = 1.06; z = ?1.89, p = 0.06). In contrast, no significant change was found in the daily profiles of cortisol and alpha‐amylase. The data from this pilot tentatively suggest that MBCUL appears to be a promising programme that warrants further evaluation using a randomized study with a larger sample size. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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目的 探讨正念训练对肺腺癌患者的创伤后成长水平及生命质量的影响。方法 采取整群随机法将呼吸内科2个病区按抛币法分为对照组和观察组,各纳入肺腺癌患者40例。对照组给予肿瘤呼吸内科常规护理,观察组在此基础上行连续8次的正念疗法。干预前后采用简体中文版创伤后成长评定量表、中文版癌症患者生命质量测定量表C30进行测评。结果 对照组38例、观察组33例完成全程研究。干预后观察组患者的创伤后成长水平总分、人生感悟、个人力量、新的可能、自我转变维度得分显著高于对照组（均P<0.05）;总体生命质量、情绪功能、认知功能、社会功能维度得分显著高于对照组（均P<0.05）。结论 正念疗法可以提升肺腺癌患者的创伤后成长水平,并影响其生命质量。 相似文献
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The effects of Kouk Sun Do (KSD), a mind–body exercise on mental health in university students, were investigated in this pilot study. University students (N = 30) with self‐reported anxiety symptoms were randomly assigned to either the treatment group or the waiting list control group. Eighteen participants (N = 18; seven in the treatment group and 11 in the waiting list control group) completed a pre‐test and a post‐test, and 12 participants dropped out before or during the intervention. Ten 70‐min KSD exercise sessions were conducted three times per week over a 4‐week period. Trait anxiety, depressive symptoms and general self‐efficacy in coping with stress were measured with the pre‐test and the post‐test. Qualitative data were collected using open‐ended questions regarding benefits of KSD at the last session. A two (group) by two (time) repeated‐measure analysis of variance was used to analyse the data. Trait anxiety and depressive symptoms decreased whereas general self‐efficacy increased over a 4‐week period. The treatment group had significantly reduced trait anxiety and depressive symptoms compared with the control group across time. Qualitative data provided support that the self‐induced relaxation effects of KSD may lead to reduced anxiety. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Although stressful life events (SLEs) frequently relate to negative outcomes, many individuals demonstrate resilience by positively adapting to stressors without significant impairment. Valued living, a key process in the theory underpinning acceptance and commitment therapy is a response style characterized by daily purposeful actions that are linked to important values and may promote resilience in college students. This study examined the main and interactive effects of SLEs and valued living in the prediction of a multidimensional measure of resilience. Results supported a strong positive relationship between resilience and valued living. Further, valued living moderated the association between SLE negative impact scores and resilience (but not the association between cumulative prior year SLEs and resilience). Although SLE negative impact scores were negatively associated with resilience at lower levels of valued living, there was no demonstrated relationship at higher levels of valued living. Implications related to promoting valued living among college students in the service of increasing resilience are discussed. 相似文献
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目的:了解护理专业男生心理问题现状,分析其存在的问题,探讨解决的方法.方法:采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和自制调查表对某医学院93名男护生和1 20名女护生进行调查分析.结果:①SCL结果:男护生在强迫、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、妄想5因子得分高于女护生,其它因子得分无显著性差异.②自制量表:与女护生相比,男护生在社会压力、环境、工作内容、工资待遇方面有较大压力,在掌握专业知识、自身动手能力、就业、孤独感方面压力较小.结论:男护生心理问题不容忽视,应及时采取干预措施提高其角色适应能力,缓解各种心理压力,强化临床男护士形象,以促进其良好心理的发展. 相似文献
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Canan Karatekin 《Stress and health》2018,34(1):36-45
The goal of this short‐term longitudinal study was to examine whether adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) could be used to identify college students at risk for mental health problems and whether current level of stress mediates the relationship between ACEs and mental health. Data on ACEs and mental health (depression, anxiety and suicidality) were collected at the beginning of the semester, and data on current stressors and mental health were collected toward the end of the semester (n = 239). Findings indicated that ACEs predicted worsening of mental health over the course of a semester and suggested current number of stressors as a mediator of the relationship between ACEs and mental health. Results suggest that screening for ACEs might be useful to identify students at high risk for deterioration in mental health. Results further suggest that stress‐related interventions would be beneficial for students with high levels of ACEs and point to the need for more research and strategies to increase help‐seeking in college students. 相似文献
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目的 探讨线上积极心理学理论学习与线下实践应用对临床护士工作压力及健康的影响。方法 将101名重度工作压力护士按照院区分为对照组50名和试验组51名。对照组实施常规心理支持,试验组在常规心理支持的基础上增加线上积极心理学课程学习与线下实践应用,干预时间为12周。干预前后对两组护士采用护士工作压力源量表和康奈尔健康问卷进行调查。结果 干预后试验组护士的工作压力总分及其各维度评分显著低于对照组,心理健康得分显著低于对照组（均P＜0.05）。结论 线上积极心理学理论学习与线下实践可缓解临床护士工作压力,改善其心理健康。 相似文献
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This paper presents Asian-Americans' experiences of mass violence with the hope of stimulating much-needed research and clinical activities in this area. After a discussion of the literature on the types of traumatic events leading to Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and other psychological sequelae, the occurrence of similar events in Asia during the past 40 years which may predispose Asian people to PTSD will be reviewed. Asian cultural coping styles which mitigate against or conceal PTSD will be discussed. Assessment and treatment methods tailored for Asian patients will be outlined. Finally, recommendations for clinical service, training, and research in this area with Asian patients will be presented. 相似文献
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Residential Vipassana meditation courses, which teach mindfulness skills, are widely available globally but under‐evaluated. This study examined effects of a standardized, community‐based Vipassana course, on subjective stress, well‐being, self‐kindness and trait mindfulness in a community sample. Participants completed self‐report measures of these variables at pre‐course and post‐course (n = 122), and outcomes were compared to a control group of early enrollers (EEs) (n = 50) who completed measures at parallel time points before course commencement. Six‐month follow‐up was undertaken in the intervention group (n = 90). Findings, including intention‐to‐complete analyses, suggested positive effects of the Vipassana course in reducing subjective stress and increasing well‐being, self‐kindness and overall mindfulness (present‐moment awareness and non‐reaction). Although some reductions in post‐course gains were found at follow‐up, particularly in stress, follow‐up scores still showed improvements compared to pre‐course scores. Mindfulness change scores between pre‐course and 6‐month follow‐up were moderately to highly correlated with outcome variable change scores, consistent with the idea that effects of the Vipassana course on stress and well‐being operate, at least partially, through increasing mindfulness. The present research underscores the importance of undertaking further investigations into Vipassana courses’ effects and applications. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献