MARS人工肝治疗急慢性肝功能衰竭的临床研究

目的　评价应用分子吸附再循环系统治疗各类原因所致肝功能衰竭的治疗效果。方法　回顾并随访分析5 0例次MARS人工肝治疗的疗效。结果　单次 6～ 8小时MARS人工肝治疗显著降低患者血清总胆红素 ( 5 19.3 7±15 2 .70 μmol/L降至 3 61.0 6± 177.98μmol/L ,p <0 .0 5 )和血氨 ( 167.44± 80 .73 μmol/L降至 86.82± 15 .5 2 μmol/L ,P <0 .0 5 )水平 ;升高凝血酶原活动度 ( 3 6.5 5 %± 15 .2 9%到 74.13 %± 2 5 .40 %,P <0 .0 5 )。而电解质、血常规和血气分析等指标无显著变化 (P >0 .0 5 )。 2 5例患者中治愈和好转 15例 ,10例死亡 ,存活率 60 %。结论　MARS人工肝是治疗肝功能衰竭患者安全、有效的辅助方法     

急性左心衰竭和充血性心力衰竭患者肝功能检测指标差异的临床观察

目的探讨急性左心衰竭(ALHF)和充血性心力衰竭(CHF)患者肝功能检测指标(LFTs)的差异。方法入选纽约心功能分级Ⅲ～Ⅳ级的心力衰竭患者137例,根据病情分为ALHF组59例和CHF组78例。收集患者的基本资料,比较两组LFTs和住院病死率的差异。结果与CHF组比较,ALHF组患者的谷丙转氨酶[(34.05±14.48)U/L比(29.41±9.16)U/L]、谷草转氨酶[(30.73±12.47)U/L比(26.64±6.81)U/L]和白蛋白[(38.62±2.70)g/L比(35.33±4.20)g/L]水平均显著升高(分别为t=-2.291,P=0.024;t=-2.454,P=0.015;t=-5.25,P<0.01),而谷氨酰氨基转移酶[(30.7±20.7)U/L比(41.5±32.3)U/L]、总胆红素[(14.22±7.21)μmol/L比(18.42±8.60)μmol/L]、直接胆红素[(6.28±3.46)μmol/L比(8.00±4.67)μmol/L]和间接胆红素[(7.99±4.82)μmol/L比(10.45±5.81)μmol/L]水平均降低(t=2.257,P=0.026;t=3.013,P=0.003;t=2.384,P=0.019;t=2.636,P=0.009)。两组患者的碱性磷酸酶[(75.93±29.01)U/L比(80.42±22.91)U/L]和总蛋白[(65.2±3.8)g/L比(65.9±7.8)g/L]水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。ALHF组患者病死率较CHF组高[17例(28.8%)比8例(10.3%),χ2=7.754,P=0.005]。结论 ALHF患者以谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶升高为主,与肝脏缺血相关,而CHF患者以谷氨酰氨基转移酶、总胆红素、直接胆红素、间接胆红素升高和白蛋白降低为主,与肝脏淤血相关。     

复方二氯醋酸二异丙胺联合门冬氨酸鸟氨酸治疗老年性非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的效果研究

目的 探讨复方二氯醋酸二异丙胺联合门冬氨酸鸟氨酸治疗老年性非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)的效果。方法 选取2019年1月至2019年12月于四川省林业中心医院治疗住院的老年性NASH患者95例,根据随机数表法分为对照组与观察组,每组各46例。对照组给予阿托伐他汀治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上给予复方二氯醋酸二异丙胺联合门冬氨酸鸟氨酸进行治疗。比较2组患者的肝功能指标、血脂指标、超声影像学评分、非酒精性脂肪性肝病活动度积分(NAS)、炎性因子及不良反应发生情况。采用SPSS 26.0统计学软件进行数据分析。根据数据类型,组间比较采用独立样本t检验或χ²检验。结果 与对照组相比,治疗后观察组肝功能指标丙氨酸氨基转移酶[(53.29±6.84)和(65.73±7.25)U/L]、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶[(34.61±4.27)和(45.73±5.12)U/L]及γ-谷氨酰转移酶 [(41.25±3.59)和(64.74±5.52)U/L] 显著降低(均P＜0.05),血脂指标总胆固醇[(4.12±0.64)和(4.87±0.66)mmol/L]、甘油三酯[(1.42±0.31)和(1.63±0.42)mmol/L]及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇[(2.27±0.61)和(3.04±0.59)mmol/L]显著降低(均P＜0.05),超声影像学评分[(6.18±1.34)和(7.25±1.46)分]及NAS积分[(3.27±0.54)和(3.85±0.73)分]显著降低(均P＜0.05),血清中白细胞介素-6 [(109.43±11.87)和(129.75±10.96)μg/L]、肿瘤坏死因子-α[(51.26±6.05)和(63.18±6.72)μg/L]及转化生长因子-β[(6.03±1.92)和(8.45±2.21)μg/L]显著降低(均P＜0.05)。2组患者不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论 复方二氯醋酸二异丙胺联合门冬氨酸鸟氨酸辅助治疗老年性NASH的效果显著,具有一定的临床应用价值。     

壳脂胶囊治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的效果观察

目的观察壳脂胶囊对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的临床疗效及安全性。方法选取2013年11月-2015年12月于上海市第八人民医院就诊的非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)患者100例,随机分为治疗组、对照组各50例,分别予壳脂胶囊和多烯磷脂酰胆碱胶囊,疗程24周。观察两组治疗前后肝功能、血脂水平及肝/脾CT值的变化。计量资料组间比较采用两独立样本的t检验,组内比较采用配对样本t检验,计数资料组间比较采用χ2检验。结果两组患者治疗后AST[(49.2±21.7)U/L vs(119.5±44.2)U/L,t=10.0,P0.01;(52.4±33.1)U/L vs(115.2±48.3)U/L,t=7.6,P0.01]、ALT[(41.8±14.8)U/L vs(92.8±42.1)U/L,t=8.1,P0.01;(42.9±16.6)U/L vs(95.3±40.4)U/L,t=8.5,P0.01]、GGT[(52.3±23.7)U/L vs(168.4±85.9)U/L,t=9.2,P0.01;(54.8±30.2)U/L vs(177.6±88.7)U/L,t=9.3,P0.01]、TG[(1.78±1.01)mmol/L vs(3.52±2.35)mmol/L,t=4.8,P0.01;(2.51±1.08)mmol/L vs(3.65±2.43)mmol/L,t=3.0,P=0.02]、TC[(3.81±1.28)mmol/L vs(6.13±5.22)mmol/L,t=3.0,P=0.02;(3.63±1.39)mmol/L vs(5.27±4.54)mmol/L,t=2.6,P=0.03]水平及肝/脾CT比值[肝/脾CT比值:(0.94±0.16)vs(0.74±0.18),t=5.8,P0.01;(0.89±0.13)vs(0.70±0.20),t=5.6,P0.01]均较各自治疗前均明显改善。治疗结束时,治疗组在TC、TG水平下降较对照组更为明显,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为3.5、2.8,P值均0.01)。结论壳脂胶囊能有效改善肝功能,降低血脂水平,减轻肝脂肪变性程度,且无明显毒副作用。     

循环CD133+/KDR+内皮祖细胞水平与急性缺血性卒中患者转归的相关性

目的 探讨急性缺血性卒中患者循环CD133+/KDR+内皮祖细胞(endothelial progenitor cells,EPCs)水平与转归的关系.方法 纳入发病24 h内的首次急性缺血性卒中住院患者以及年龄和性别相匹配的健康体检者.收集患者人口统计学和临床资料.采用流式细胞术检测CD133+/KDR+EPCs水平.在发病后90 d时对所有患者进行随访,采用改良Rankin量表评价临床转归,0~2分定义为转归良好,>2分定义为转归不良.结果 共纳入连续126例缺血性卒中患者以及60例年龄和性别相匹配的健康体检者.在缺血性卒中患者中,大动脉粥样硬化(large artery atherosclerosis,LAA) 33例(26.19%),小动脉闭塞(small artery occlusion,SAO)74例(58.73%),心源性栓塞(cardioembolism,CE)19例(15.08%);82例(65.08%)转归良好,44例(34.92%)转归不良.LAA型(0.071%±0.018%)、CE型(0.068%±0.016%)和SAO型(0.118%±0.012%)患者基线循环EPCs数量均显著低于对照组(0.246%±0.052%;P均<0.05);CE型(P=0.028)和LAA型(P=0.037)均显著低于SAO型;CE型低于LAA型,但差异无统计学意义(P=0.762).转归不良组LAA型(40.91%对18.29%;χ2=7.577,P=0.006)和CE型(29.55%对7.32%;χ2=11.049,P=0.001)和心房颤动(29.55%对10.98%;χ2=6.582,P=0.009)患者的构成比以及年龄[(69.64±9.62)岁对 (61.12±7.31)岁;t=5.570,P<0.001]、基线NIHSS评分[(14.16±4.22)分对 (6.96±2.04)分;t=12.919,P<0.001]、基线收缩压[(176.06±13.42)mmHg对 (164.12±11.69)mmHg,1 mmHg=0.133 kPa;t=5.187,P<0.001]、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇[(2.92±0.52)mmol/L对 (2.49±0.36)mmol/L;t=5.447,P<0.001]、空腹血糖[(8.76±2.88)mmol/L对 (6.82±2.24)mmol/L;t=4.185,P<0.001]、C反应蛋白[(7.62±1.82)mg/L对 (4.57±1.58)mg/L;t=9.790,P<0.001]和D-二聚体[(1.14±0.08)mg/L对 (0.97±0.22)mg/L;t=4.946,P<0.001]水平均显著高于转归良好组,而SAO型患者构成比(29.55%对74.39%;χ2=23.759,P<0.001)以及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇[(0.94±0.68)mmol/L对 (1.16±0.14)mmol/L;t=2.829,P=0.005]和基线EPCs(0.069%±0.018%对0.098%±0.021%;t=7.755,P<0.001)水平显著低于转归良好组.多变量logistic回归分析显示,基线NIHSS评分较高(优势比1.242,95%可信区间1.126~1.372;P<0.001)、CE型(优势比3.460,95%可信区间1.312~5.146;P=0.016)和基线EPCs数量较低(优势比1.632,95%可信区间1.006~3.024;P<0.001)是急性缺血性卒中患者转归不良的独立危险因素.结论 急性缺血性卒中患者循环EPCs水平显著降低,基线EPCs水平较低是缺血性卒中患者90 d时转归不良的独立预测因素.     

血浆置换治疗肝功能衰竭的疗效评价

目的 总结血浆置换型人工肝治疗11例肝功能衰竭的临床疗效。方法 11例肝功能衰竭病人采用血浆置换治疗(治疗组),9例为常规药物治疗(对照组),观察血浆置换对肝功能恢复的影响,并分析其疗效。结果 血浆置换后患者血清总胆红素(TBIL)明显下降(210±86μmol/L VS 342±96μmol/L,P<0.05);凝血酶原时间缩短(26±12s VS 38±11s,P<0.05),但治疗前后血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)变化不显著(852±221U/L VS 795±195U/L,P>0.05)。血浆置换组存活7例,存活率为63.6％(7/11);高于对照组的37.5％(3/9,P<0.05)。结论 血浆置换治疗肝功能衰竭可明显降低血清TBIL、缩短凝血酶时间,并可提高患者生存率,是目前治疗肝功能衰竭的重要手段之一。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期辅助应用复合乳酸菌对患者营养状况及炎症指标的影响

目的 探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)应用复合乳酸菌辅助治疗的临床效果及对患者营养状况及炎症指标的影响.方法 选取我院2015年1月至2016年12月收治的102例AECOPD患者,按照随机数字表法均分为2组.对照组,采取常规治疗;观察组,在此基础上给予复合乳酸菌治疗.记录比较2组治疗前后临床症状、营养状况及炎症指标变化情况,并评价2组用药安全性.结果 治疗7d后观察组COPD评估测试量表(CAT)评分[(13.82±2.69)分]、mMRC评分[(1.93±0.37)分]均显著低于对照组的CAT评分[(16.53±3.15)分]、改良版英国医学研究委员会呼吸问卷(mMRC)评分[(2.24±0.46)分](t =4.672、3.750,P＜0.01).治疗7d后观察组血清白蛋白(ALB)水平[(33.2±4.5) g/L]、前清蛋白(PA)水平[(203.7±39.6) mg/L]、总蛋白(TP)水平[(68.3±6.2) g/L]均显著高于对照组的ALB水平[(30.4±3.9) g/L]、PA水平[(175.8±41.56) mg/L]及TP水平[(61.4±6.7) g/L](t=3.358、3.474、5.398,P＜0.01).治疗7d后观察组中性粒细胞百分比(N％)值[(67.2±6.5)％]、白细胞计数(WBC)值[(6.8±1.1)×109/L]及血清C反应蛋白(CRP)水平[(7.5±1.3) mg/L]、IL-6水平[(6.5±1.6) μg/L]均显著低于对照组的N％值[(72.9±8.3)％]、WBC值[(8.7±1.4)×109/L]及血清CRP水平[(15.3±2.1) mg/L]、IL-6水平[(9.7±2.2)μtg/L](t=3.861、7.621、22.554、8.401,P＜0.01).治疗过程中,2组均未见腹泻、皮疹及真菌感染等不良反应.结论 AECOPD应用复合乳酸菌辅助治疗更能有效缓解患者的临床症状与体征,改善营养状况,控制气道与全身炎症反应,疗效显著且安全可靠,为临床防治AECOPD提供了新方向.     

经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后并发围术期心肌梗死患者的临床特征

目的探讨经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)后围术期并发心肌梗死(PMI)患者的发生原因及临床特征。方法将PMI患者44例与同期行PCI的213例冠心病患者对比分析。结果①PMI患者合并糖尿病者较多(36.4%和27.2%,P=0.016);血清总胆固醇[(5.69±1.73)mmol/L和(4.47±1.61)mmol/L,P=0.041]和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇[(3.17±1.15)mmol/L和(2.67±0.98)mmol/L,P=0.032]较高、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇[(0.41±0.08)mmol/L和(0.53±0.24)mmol/L,P=0.049]较低;冠脉病变积分较高(12.75±5.61和8.96±3.68,P=0.027)、左主干(9.1%和4.2%,P=0.001)和多支病变(63.6%和41.8%,P=0.002)均多于非PMI组。②两组患者PCI成功率(95.5%和94.8%,P=0.523)相当,PMI并发边支闭塞(11.4%和3.8%,P=0.001)和慢(无)血流者(34.1%和13.1%,P=0.001)较多;球囊扩张时间长[(15.4±5.9)s和(8.7±2.4)s,P=0.026]、次数多(3.1±1.2和1.5±0.6,P=0.003),扩张压力无差别[(114.2±26.3)kPa和(98.0±35.4)kPa,P=0.752];支架置入较多(2.8±1.1和1.3±0.4,P=0.037)和X线曝光时间较长[(102.3±14.5)min和(67.9±23.4)min,P=0.002]。结论PMI患者在术前多具有高血糖、高血脂的危险因素,冠脉病变复杂、高危,术中多次、长时间扩张病变和并发边支闭塞及慢(无)血流是其发生PMI的主要原因。     

实时动态血糖监测系统在白族糖尿病合并老年多器官功能不全综合征患者中的临床应用优势

目的 探讨实时动态血糖监测系统(RT-CGMS)在白族糖尿病合并老年多器官功能不全综合征(MODSE)患者治疗中的临床应用价值。方法 纳入2018年1月至12月在大理白族自治州人民医院老年病科住院的白族糖尿病合并MODSE、急性生理和慢性健康状况APACHE Ⅱ评分>15分的患者112例。患者分为2组,RT-CGMS组和自我血糖监测(SMBG)组,每组56例。比较2组患者的一般临床资料、血糖波动指标、低血糖发生率、平均每日胰岛素用量、住院时间及28d病死率。采用SPSS 16.0软件进行统计分析,2组间比较采用t检验或χ²检验。结果 与观察第2天相比,SMBG组患者第3天的血糖水平标准差(SDBG)显著降低[(3.2±1.1)和(2.9±1.0)mmol/L;P<0.05],RT-CGMS组患者第3天的平均血糖水平[MBG,(10.8±2.5)和(8.8±1.9)mmol/L;SDBG,(2.8±0.8)和(1.8±0.7)mmol/L]、最大血糖波动幅度[LAGE,(8.9±3.6)和(7.2±1.6)mmol/L]、平均血糖波动幅度[MAGE,(6.3±1.0)和(5.0±0.4)mmol/L]均显著降低(P＜0.05)。观察第2天,与SMBG组患者相比,RT-CGMS组患者SDBG显著降低[(2.8±0.8)和(3.2±1.1)mmol/L;P<0.05];观察第3天,与SMBG组患者相比,RT-CGMS组患者MBG[(8.8±1.9)和(10.9±2.8)mmol/L]、SDBG[(1.8±0.7)和(2.9±1.0)mmol/L]、LAGE[(7.2±1.6)和(9.6±3.1)mmol/L]均显著降低(P＜0.05)。与SMBG组相比,RT-CGMS组患者的低血糖发生率(16.1%和3.6%)、平均每日胰岛素量[(38.2±6.8)和(32.1±5.4)IU/d]、住院时间[(14.6±4.2)和(12.1±4.0)d]均显著降低(P＜0.05)。结论 RT-CGMS的应用可降低糖尿病合并MODSE患者的血糖波动,对提高抢救成功率、延长生存期及减少平均住院日具有重要的临床意义。     

不同剂量瑞舒伐他汀对短暂性脑缺血发作患者颈动脉易损斑块和脑缺血事件的影响:前瞻性随机对照研究

目的 探讨不同剂量瑞舒伐他汀对短暂性脑缺血发作(transient ischemic attack,TIA)患者颈动脉易损斑块和脑缺血事件的影响.方法 前瞻性纳入存在颈动脉易损斑块的TIA患者,随机分为瑞舒伐他汀常规剂量组和大剂量组,前者在常规治疗基础上加服瑞舒伐他汀10 mg/d,后者在常规治疗基础上加服瑞舒伐他汀20 mg/d.随访6个月.治疗前后检测血脂,颈部血管超声检测颈动脉内膜-中膜厚度(intima-media thickness,IMT)、斑块面积和Crouse斑块积分.比较治疗后6个月内的脑缺血事件发生率.结果 共纳入71例患者,常规剂量组35例,大剂量组36例,常规剂量组和大剂量组分别失访2例和1例.大剂量组基线总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)[(5.65±1.05)mmol/L对(5.46±0.87) mmol/L;t=0.812,P=0.419]、三酰甘油(triglyceride,TG)[(2.85±0.74) mmol/L对(2.95±0.86) mmol/L;=0.513,P=0.609]、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)[(4.11±0.47) mmol/L对(4.08±0.33) mmol/L;t =0.304,P=0.761]和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)[(1.27±0.22) mmol/L对(1.23±0.20) mmol/L;t=1.339,P=0.185]与常规剂量组差异无统计学意义;治疗后,大剂量组TC[(3.06±0.77) mmol/L对(4.98±0.78) mmol/L;t=10.214,P＜0.001]、TG[(2.15±0.56) mmol/L对(2.52±0.68) mmol/L;t=2.492,P=0.015]和LDL-C[(2.18±0.59) mmol/L对(3.86±0.42) mmol/L;t 13.526,P＜0.001]显著低于后组,而HDL-C[(1.43±0.20) mmol/L对(1.33±0.21) mmol/L;=2.010,P=0.048]显著高于常规剂量组.大剂量组基线IMT[(1.59±0.26)mm对(1.58±0.28)mm;t =0.152,P=0.879]、斑块面积[(0.87±0.29)mm2对(0.85±0.34)mm2;t=0.261,P=0.749]和Crouse积分[(4.26±0.31)mm对(4.18±0.25)mm;t1.171,P=0.245]与常规剂量组差异无统计学意义;治疗后大剂量组IMT[(1.26±0.25)mm对(1.44±0.27)mm;t=2.852,P=0.005]、斑块面积[(0.50±0.25) mm2对(0.70±0.25)mm2;t=3.298,P=0.001]和Crouse积分[(2.30±0.26)mm对(4.03±0.24) mm;t =28.509,P＜0.001]均较常规剂量组显著降低.大剂量组脑缺血事件发生率显著低于常规剂量组(11.76％对29.41％x2=3.202,P=0.001).结论 瑞舒伐他汀具有显著的降脂作用,能消除或稳定颈动脉易损斑块,减少缺血性卒中事件,瑞舒伐他汀20 mg/d的作用优于10 mg/d.     

Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System: clinical experience in patients with liver failure based on hepatitis B in China

Abstract: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of treatment with the Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System (MARS) on liver failure based on HBV. In 25 patients (median age, 36.3 years, range, 22–67 years, bilirubin level > 255 µmol/l) admitted with liver failure based on HBV, the 6–8h MARS intermittent treatments were performed without any adverse events, A significant decrease in bilirubin, ammonia and urea levels were observed (P < 0.05). All patients achieved a remarkable neurologic recovery, particularly 2 HE-III and 3 HE-IVpatients regained normal consciousness, respectively. The survival rate for the patients whose treatments kept to the MARS art strategy was 76.9% (10/13), while the others only had the survival rate of 16.7% (2/12) due to their giving up sequential MARS treatments after the first time. The rebounding rate of the bilirubin level in the patients after a single MARS treatment was significantly lower than that of patients, who underwent a single plasma-exchange treatment (P < 0.01). It is concluded that MARS method can contribute to the optimistic treatment of liver failure patients based on HBV which being the major epidemic liver disease in China.     

Molecular adsorbent recirculating system treatment for patients with liver failure: the Hong Kong experience.

BACKGROUND: The molecular adsorbent recirculating system (MARS) is an extracorporeal liver dialysis system that allows selective removal of bilirubin and other albumin-bound toxins. We reported here our experience with the use of this technique for management of liver failure at Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong. METHODS: From December 2002 to 2004, a total of 74 MARS sessions were performed on 22 patients. The cause of liver failure included acute liver failure (n = 2), acute on chronic liver failure (n = 12), posthepatectomy liver failure (n = 4), and posttransplantation allograft failure (n = 4). RESULTS: MARS treatment showed significant reduction in total bilirubin level, serum ammonia level and blood urea, and nitrogen (P < 0.001 for all three parameters). Five patients (22.7%) were able to bridge to transplantation and one patient (4.5%) made a spontaneous recovery. The 30-day mortality rate was 72.7%. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicated that MARS can effectively improve serum biochemistry and is suitable for temporarily supporting patients with liver failure where transplantation is not immediately available. There is, however, no clear evidence showing that MARS can increase survival, improve the chance of transplantation or assist liver regeneration. Future studies in the form of randomized-controlled trials are crucial to characterize the true potential of this treatment.     

分子吸附循环系统治疗肝衰竭52例

目的 评价分子吸附循环系统(MARS)治疗重型乙型肝炎肝衰竭的疗效,并探讨其机理。 方法 应用MARS对重型乙型肝炎肝衰竭的患者在常规治疗的基础上进行每次6～8h的MARS治疗,治疗前后检测各种有毒物质的改变,并与血浆置换组、常规治疗组进行比较。 结果 52例重型乙型肝炎肝衰竭患者。经MARS治疗后,临床症状及体征明显改善,血胆红素、血氨、尿素氮、芳香氨基酸、内毒素、白细胞介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子水平明显降低,治疗前后分别为(521.5±122.5)μmol/L和(360.1±81.2)μmol/L、(227.1±66.7)μg/ml和(105.0±42.0)μg/ml、(12.3±5.4)mmol/L和(6.4±2.4)mmol/L、(37.0±24.0)×10-3g/L和(23.0±16.0)×103g/L、(1.4±0.9)Eu/ml和(0.2±0.2)Eu/ml、(10.1±1.3)pg/ml和(5.7±1.0)pg/ml、(28.5±11.6)μg/ml和(1 7.9±7.8)μg/ml,t值为2.303～4.702,P<0.05或0.01。MARS与血浆置换在治疗后清除胆红素差异无显著性,而治疗后72 h血胆红素反跳,血浆置换组明显高于MARS组。总体存活率:MARS治疗组50％(26/52),血浆置换组45％(9/20),而常规治疗组存活率40.5％(17/42),MARS治疗组与常规治疗组相比较差异有显著性,u=3.024,P<0.01。 结论 MARS人工肝治疗肝衰竭,可明显提高其存活率,无明显不良反映。     

胆红素吸附治疗心脏术后高胆红素血症的临床效果

目的 探讨胆红素吸附治疗心脏术后高胆红素血症患者的有效性和安全性。 方法 回顾性的分析我院2017年1月~2018年12月应用胆红素吸附治疗的11例心脏术后急性肝功能不全患者的临床数据。记录患者基础疾病、心脏手术名称、术后胆红素升高时间及治疗前后肝功能、胆红素、凝血功能等指标变化。 结果 患者11（男7,女4）例,年龄（45±13）岁,体外循环时间（226±104）min。治疗前血清总胆红素（409±137）μmol/L,直接胆红素（321±100）μmol/L,治疗后血清总胆红素（298±107）μmol/L,直接胆红素（166±111）μmol/L,治疗前后差异具有统计学意义（分别P<0.05,P<0.01）。转氨酶、血清总蛋白、白蛋白、国际标准化比值（INR）、血小板计数、白细胞计数、血红蛋白、尿素氮、肌酐在治疗前后差异无统计学意义。11例患者胆红素吸附共治疗22次,8例患者治疗1次,其余3例患者分别治疗2次、5次、7次。血清总胆红素下降率2.8%~47.6%。4例存活,7例死亡,生存率36%。治疗过程中未发现治疗相关副作用。 结论 胆红素吸附治疗心脏术后高胆红素血症的是一种安全较为有效的降低胆红素及肝脏支持系统技术。     

Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System: clinical experience in patients with liver failure based on hepatitis B in China

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of treatment with the Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System (MARS) on liver failure based on HBV. In 25 patients (median age, 36.3 years, range, 22-67 years, bilirubin level > 255 micro mol/l) admitted with liver failure based on HBV, the 6-8h MARS intermittent treatments were performed without any adverse events, A significant decrease in bilirubin, ammonia and urea levels were observed (P < 0.05). All patients achieved a remarkable neurologic recovery, particularly 2 HE-III and 3 HE-IV patients regained normal consciousness, respectively. The survival rate for the patients whose treatments kept to the MARS art strategy was 76.9% (10/13), while the others only had the survival rate of 16.7% (2/12) due to their giving up sequential MARS treatments after the first time. The rebounding rate of the bilirubin level in the patients after a single MARS treatment was significantly lower than that of patients, who underwent a single plasma-exchange treatment (P < 0.01). It is concluded that MARS method can contribute to the optimistic treatment of liver failure patients based on HBV which being the major epidemic liver disease in China.     

Successful use of Molecular Absorbent Regenerating System (MARS) dialysis for the treatment of fulminant hepatic failure in children accidentally poisoned by toxic mushroom ingestion

Background: Acute liver failure (ALF) as a result of mushroom poisoning is associated with a high mortality (particularly in children), despite optimal medical therapy (OMT), including charcoal haemoperfusion and haemodiafiltration. MARS is a new, cell‐free, extracorporeal liver assistance method utilizing an albumin dialysate for the removal of albumin‐bound toxins. Methods: We describe the first series in the literature (also first MARS treatments in Romania) with ALF because of mushroom poisoning in children (M/F = 2/4, age = 7–16 years). Liver function was evaluated pre‐MARS and 15‐min post‐MARS, 24 h following each treatment and 30 days post‐MARS. Findings: All patients had severe hepatic dysfunction: hepatic encephalopathy (HE; four grade II, one grade III, one grade IV), ALT = 4082 (3400–5600) IU/L, bilirubin = 6.3 2 - 10 ) mg/dL, prothrombin time (PT) = 52.5 (23–141) s. MARS was uneventful and well‐tolerated. Two 6‐h sessions per patient were performed with a similar immediate impact on liver tests: mean drop in ALT of ?33 and ?35%, respectively, and in bilirubin of ?39 and ?36%, respectively. ALT levels 24 h following MARS‐1, remained unchanged but continued to drop by a further ?28% following MARS‐2. By contrast, all patients had a significant rebound in bilirubin (+39%) 24 h following MARS‐1; however, following MARS‐2 a rebound was seen only in two cases (+220%). PT improved by 37% after MARS‐1 and normalized in four patients after MARS‐2. Outcome: Four patients survived and completely recovered the hepatic function. Negative prognostic markers: lack of complete correction of PT, continuous rebound and increase in bilirubin, and lack of improvement in HE post‐MARS‐1. Survival in six well‐matched cases, treated by OMT = 0/6 (P < 0.05). Conclusions: MARS is a safe and highly effective depurative therapy in children with ALF. Survival is predicted only by the impact/results of the initial MARS sessions and not by any of the baseline parameters.     

Effect of treatment with the Molecular Adsorbents Recirculating System on arterial amino acid levels and cerebral amino acid metabolism in patients with hepatic encephalopathy

Background: Liver failure is associated with low concentrations of branched‐chain amino acids and high concentrations of most other amino acids. In this study the effect of treatment with the Molecular Adsorbents Recirculating System (MARS) on arterial amino acid levels and cerebral amino acid metabolism was examined in patients with severe hepatic encephalopathy. Methods: The study included seven patients with hepatic encephalopathy from fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) and five patients with hepatic encephalopathy from acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (AoCLF). Cerebral blood flow and cerebral arteriovenous differences in amino acids were measured before and after 6?h of treatment with MARS. Results: During MARS treatment, the total arterial amino acid concentration decreased by 20% from 8.92?±?7.79?mmol/L to 7.16?±?5.64?mmol/L (P?P?Conclusions: MARS treatment tends to normalize the arterial amino acid concentrations in patients with hepatic encephalopathy. Even though the overall reduction in plasma amino acids and improvement in amino acid dysbalance may well be beneficial, it was not accompanied by any immediate improvement in cerebral amino acid metabolism in patients with FHF or AoCLF.     

双重血浆吸附联合血浆置换治疗慢加急性乙型肝炎肝衰竭患者临床疗效研究*

目的 探讨应用双重血浆吸附联合血浆置换治疗慢加急性乙型肝炎肝衰竭患者的疗效。方法 2016年9月～2017年10月本院感染病科收治的60例慢加急性乙型肝炎肝衰竭患者被随机分为对照组30例和观察组30例,在综合治疗的基础上分别接受血浆置换和双重血浆吸附联合血浆置换治疗,观察12周。结果 在治疗12周末,观察组凝血酶原时间活动度为(75.3±2.8)%,血清白蛋白水平为(37.0±3.0)g/L和血清总胆红素为(180.2±93.0)μmol/L,与对照组【分别为(60.2±2.1)%、(33.6±2.5)g/L和(232.0±98.3)μmol/L,P＜0.05]比,差异显著;观察组外周血血红蛋白和血小板计数分别为(103.2±22.1)g/L和(80.2±5.9)×10⁹/L,血钾、钠和氯分别为(3.7±0.8)mmol/L、(137.1±5.0)mmol/L和(99.0±7.2)mmol/L,血肌酐水平为(73.2±14.8)μmol/L,与对照组比,无显著差异【分别为(102.6±15.3)g/L、(75.5±6.0)×10⁹/L、(3.7±0.5)mmol/L、(137.5±8.0)mmol/L、(99.1±5.7)mmol/L和(73.5±15.5)μmol/L,P＜0.05】;在治疗12周末,观察组病死率为16.7%,显著低于对照组的33.3%(P＜0.05)。结论 使用双重血浆吸附联合血浆置换治疗慢加急性乙型肝炎肝衰竭患者能够降低近期病死率,其远期效果值得观察。     

血清纤维化指标的影响因素分析

目的 探讨慢性乙型肝炎恢复期患者血清纤维化4项指标[血清透明质酸(HA)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)、Ⅳ型胶原(CIV)和层黏连蛋白(LN)]的影响因素及意义。方法用放射免疫法检测141例慢性乙型肝炎患者血清HA、PCⅢ、LN、CⅣ,并将他们分为不一致组和一致组。肝活检标本行常规病理检查,自动生物化学分析仪检测肝功能,B超检查肝门静脉主干内径、脾门部脾静脉内径及腋中线处脾脏厚度。结果血清纤维化指标与肝纤维化程度不一致患者16例(14.16％),血清纤维化指标不一致的产生与肝纤维化程度分期无关,与肝脏炎症活动度有关(X2=12.07,P<0.05)。不一致组患者血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、γ-谷氨酰基转移酶、球蛋白水平明显下降,分别从89.28±64.25、66.10±42.30、86.26±70.36、32.13±5.18下降至49.31±26.75(t=2.45,P<0.05)、40.83±22.40(t=2.33,P<0.05)、48.99±29.96(t=2.08,P<0.05)、28.05±3.47(t=3.03,P<0.01)。白蛋白和白蛋白/球蛋白比值则明显升高,分别从42.34±4.81、1.35±0.28上升至46.19±3.61(t=3.06,P<0.01)、1.63±0.26(t=3.70,P<0.01)。血清碱性磷酸酶、总胆红素、总蛋白无明显改变,肝门静脉主干内径、脾门部脾静脉内径及腋中线处脾脏厚度也无明显改变。结论 在评价某些患者血清纤维指     

硫普罗宁联合多烯磷脂酰胆碱治疗酒精性肝病患者疗效及血清TLR4、MD-2和TGF-β1水平变化

目的 探讨应用硫普罗宁联合多烯磷脂酰胆碱治疗酒精性肝病(ALD)患者的疗效及对血清Toll样受体4(TLR4)、髓样分化蛋白-2(MD-2)和转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)水平的影响。方法 2018年1月～2019年12月我院收治的104例ALD患者,采用随机数字表法分为观察组52例和对照组52例。给予对照组患者多烯磷脂酰胆碱胶囊口服治疗,观察组则在对照组治疗的基础上予以硫普罗宁片口服治疗,两组均连续治疗3个月。采用 ELISA 法检测血清TLR4、MD-2和TGF-β1水平。结果 在治疗3个月末,观察组血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)水平为(34.8±13.9)U/L,显著低于对照组【(73.5±25.1)U/L,P<0.05】,血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)水平为(43.1±14.2)U/L,显著低于对照组【(89.0±28.6)U/L,P<0.05】,血清总胆红素(TBIL)水平为(15.5±9.7)μmol/L,显著低于对照组【(28.3±12.9)μmol/L,P<0.05】,血清谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)水平为(53.9±14.2)U/L,显著低于对照组【(82.2±29.1)U/L,P<0.05】;血清总胆固醇(TC)水平为(4.1±0.5)mmol/L,显著低于对照组【(5.4±0.7)mmol/L,P<0.05】,甘油三酯(TG)水平为(1.3±0.6)mmol/L,显著低于对照组【(2.7±1.0)mmol/L,P<0.05】,血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平为(1.2±0.3)mmol/L,显著高于对照组【(1.0±0.4)mmol/L,P<0.05】,血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平为(3.4±0.9)mmol/L,显著低于对照组【(4.1±1.1)mmol/L,P<0.05】;血清TLR4水平为(3.0±0.6)pg/mL,显著低于对照组【(4.2±1.0)pg/mL,P<0.05】,血清MD-2水平为(415.4±128.5)pg/mL,显著低于对照组【(531.7±145.8)pg/mL,P<0.05】,血清TGF-β1水平为(3.4±1.1)pg/mL,显著低于对照组【(5.8±1.6)pg/mL,P<0.05】。结论 应用硫普罗宁联合多烯磷脂酰胆碱治疗ALD患者近期疗效较好,可能与该联合治疗降低了血清TLR4、MD-2和TGF-β1水平,减轻了肝损伤,改善了血脂代谢紊乱有关。