应用“3.3.3科研体系”提高儿童学习能力的干预试点研究

观察“３．３．３科研体系”对提高儿童学习能的效能。方法：该研究介绍应用“３．３．３科研体系”对社会招生的６．５－１０．５岁学习能力障碍儿童６４例进行了３个半月的干预试验，他们多数伴有精细运动能力和手－眼－脑协调等方面的问题。结果干预后，他们的上述协调能力，学习能力等问题以及智能商均有较明显改变和提高。     

齐齐哈尔市0—5岁儿童死亡监测结果分析

我市从１９９４年开始回顾、追踪监测全市５岁以下儿童死亡情况。监测结果：９４年５岁以下儿童死亡率为２８．６４‰，９５年为１５．５８‰，９６年为１９．３８‰。０－４岁儿童的死亡年龄构成：１９９４年０岁死亡占５岁以下儿童死亡７５％，农村占９２．５％；１９９５年城市０岁死亡占５岁以下儿童死亡８５．７％，农村８３．３３％；９６年城市０岁死亡占５岁以下儿童死亡１００％，农村９５．４５％。从监测的死因顺位可以看出我市０－４岁儿童死亡的主要原因是新生儿窒息、早产儿和肺炎，降低三者的发病率是降低我市０－４岁儿童死亡率的关键。     

血清25羟维生素D测定在防治佝偻病中的意义

血清２５－ＯＨＤ是维生素Ｄ在体内的主要代谢物，通过测定，５例佝偻病儿童２５－ＯＨＤ的水平为２８．０±６．０ＮＭＯＬ／Ｌ，２１５例正常儿童为４６．５±１３．２ＮＭＯＬ／Ｌ。两组有明显差异。发现佝偻病初期２５－ＯＨＤ水平降低比其它指标更敏感。本文提出测定值可作为中南地区冬春季节儿童２５－ＯＨＤ水平的参考值。     

暗示对5—7岁儿童实物瞬时记忆的影响

本文对１１６例５－７岁儿童实物瞬时记忆进行了测查，并研究了正性或负性言语暗示对其影响。结果表明５－７岁儿童实物瞬时记忆的数量男，女间差异无显著性；５－７岁儿童中女童的有明显的削弱作用，     

4—9岁和10—14岁儿童气质测试量表的编制和气质调查分析

我们根据钸波克拉德（Ｈｉｐｐｃｒａｔｅｓ）的四种气质类型（多血质、胆南、粘液质和抑郁质）演说，结合我国儿童气质发展特点，编制了４－９岁和１０－１４岁儿童气质测试量表。并采用这两种量表，对合肥市２３００名４－１４岁儿童进行了气质发展的调查。结果证明：多血质型１８．０４％；胆汁型１２％；粘液质型１３．１７％；抑郁质型９．９６％；胆质－多血质型１５．７４％；胆汁－粘液型７．０４％；胆质－抑郁质型５％；多     

5～16岁儿童分类概括能力发展的研究

本研究采用分类测验对全国３１个城市地区的３６００名５～１６岁儿童进行个别测试，结果发现：①儿童分类概括能力随年龄而增长，５～１２岁发展较快，１３～１５岁发展较慢，１６岁较１５岁又有明显进步。②各年龄儿童在概括过程中采用三种策略层次的人次百分比有随年龄变化的趋势，表现在低年龄儿童运用直觉分类策略的人次百分比相对较高，而在高年龄儿童运用类属关系概括的人次百分比相对较高。③儿童对不同性质材料的概括有不同特点。④男女儿童的分类概括能力没有明显差异。作者认为分类概括能力年龄差异的原因与儿童的认知水平、知识经验、学校教育等因素有关。     

核黄素营养状况评价方法的研究

对三所全托机构４－５岁儿童共１３２人，在核黄素摄入不同水平时，进行全血谷胱甘肽还原酶活性系数（ＢＧＲＡＣ）、２４小时尿核黄素排出量及负荷尿核黄素排出量测定，结果表明，在进行群体核黄素营养状况评价时，三项指标之间以及以及与核黄素摄入量之间相关显著有合理，三者可以达到一致结果。本文同时提出了上述三项指标进行４－５儿童核黄素营养评价时的参考界值。     

弱智儿童颜色命名能力的发展研究

本研究探讨８～１４岁不同智商的弱智儿童的颜色命名能力的发展特点，并与正常儿童作比较。结果表明，①智商在３７～５１，平均４１．５的弱智儿童，对８种常见的颜色即红、橙、黄、绿、蓝、紫及黑、白，平均正确命名率为６９．０％；智商在５５～７５，平均６１．３的弱智儿童，平均正确命名率为８８．１％，二者存在明显差异；②与正常儿童比较，前者相当于正常４岁儿童水平，后者接近５岁正常儿童水平；③弱智儿童不同颜色的正确     

新生儿乙型肝炎疫苗免疫后远期效果的研究

对湘潭市市区０－１０岁儿童乙型肝炎（乙肝）疫苗免疫后的效果进行了系统监测。６次共调查儿时１２２名，各次调查的乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原（ＨＢｓＡｇ）携带率在０．００１－１．８３％之间，平均ＨＢｓＡｇ携带率１．１２％，明显低于免疫前现一人群的１６．１７％，保护率为９２．４６％。初次免疫后抗－ＨＢｓ的阳经及几何平均滴度（ＧＭＴ）高峰值均出现在６－１２个月，此后随时间的推移而逐渐下降，但７－１０岁儿童中仍有５     

洛阳地区儿童精神卫生调查

作者根据美国ＤＳＭ－Ⅲ诊断标准和南京神经精神病防治院制订的儿童精神卫生调查表及儿童智力筛选表，随机抽样调查了我区２２所小学，４所幼儿园，２所城市中学１０１４０名儿童（３－６岁１７６０人，７－１２岁７２５５人，１３－１４岁１１２４人）。调查结果：（１）轻微脑功能障碍（ＭＢＤ）５３人，患病率为５．２２％－（３－６岁１人，７－１２岁４７人，１３－１４岁４人），以学龄初期居多。（２）智力发育迟滞１１０人，     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

局部注射辛伐他汀对骨质疏松大鼠股骨髁骨小梁的改建效应

背景：局部注射具有成骨作用的辛伐他汀,可显著增加骨质疏松大鼠股骨颈及股骨髁部的骨密度及力学强度,分析局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。 目的：进一步研究骨质疏松大鼠股骨内局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。为将辛伐他汀应用于临床骨质疏松局部治疗提供实验基础。 方法：18只雌性SD大鼠双侧卵巢切除后3个月,制备大鼠骨质疏松模型。实验大鼠随机数字表法均分为3组,分别在实验大鼠的右侧股骨髓腔内单次注射辛伐他汀溶液5 mg、10 mg,对照组单纯注射空白载体。分别在注射后1个月处死大鼠并取材。Micro-CT扫描并定量分析骨组织形态变化。 结果与结论：给药后1个月,Micro-CT扫描结果显示,辛伐他汀治疗组的骨微结构参数如骨皮质厚度、骨小梁密度及连接率明显优于对照组。说明疏松骨骼单次注射小剂量辛伐他汀可显著促进股骨髁部骨小梁改建,改善骨骼微结构,可为强化局部、防治骨质疏松骨折的新选择进一步提供实验基础。     

石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究

中药石斛早在《神农本草经》中就被列为上品,其应用历史悠久,具有养阴生津、补肾益气、润喉护嗓、活血明目、抗癌防老等功效。本文对国内外石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究进行了综述。     

膝关节骨性关节炎的关节镜治疗体会

目的我科自2001～2005年4月对59例67膝的骨性关节炎（0A），进行关节镜检查及镜下清理术。方法镜检：膝关节骨性关节炎伴不同程度滑膜炎，滑膜皱壁粘连纤维片，关节软骨不同程度破坏。镜下清除增生滑膜，松解粘连，去除剥脱软骨、修复关节面。结果随访2月～4年，平均1.5年，术后综合评估2月～1年，优良率94％；1～2年，优良率79.2％；2年以上优良率54.8％。结论关节镜对膝关节骨性关节炎诊断能提供了比较全面的资料，并对骨性关节炎早期有良好疗效，具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少和重复治疗等优点。     

Anatomical study of distribution of valves of the cutaneous veins of adult''s limbs

Since the cutaneous veins of the four limbs have been used as autogenous grafts in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, knowledge of distribution of the valves is increasingly required depending upon the use. In the gross anatomical study of distribution of valves of the trunci venae, there has been argument about locational relationships between the venous roots and the valves in the vicinity of the roots and the inter-valvular distance. However, there have been only few reports discussing detailed information about valves of the cutaneous veins of the four limbs. The authors observed patterns of distribution of the cutaneous venous valves of the four limbs of cadavers prepared for practice in anatomy. The following parts were excised from each cadaver: the cephalic, basilic, and the great saphenous veins, which originate from the acral venous network and flow into the proximal deep veins, and the venous roots communicating with these veins. An incision was made on each excised vein in the direction of the long axis under observation with a stereoscopic microscope, and the inter-valvular distance and the distance between the valve and the orifice of venous root in the vicinity of the valve were measured. The inter-valvular distance varied with type of the truncus venae, and it varied according to area even in the same truncus venae.     

Pathways of the realization of immunomodulating effects of neurotransmitters

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 4, pp. 401–404, April, 1993     

Characterization of sterols of three digenetic trematodes of buffalo

Sterols of three digenetic trematodes were isolated and characterized by infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, and gas-liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sterols identified were cholesterol, cholestanol, 24-methylcholesterol, 24-methylcholestanol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholesterol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholestanol, 24-ethylcholesterol and 24-ethylcholestanol.     

Mechanisms of generation of slow components of bioelectric activity in diagnostics of functional state of the gastrointestinal tract

New electrophysiologic devices were used for the diagnostics of the state of excitable structures in the gastrointestinal tract and correction of their motor functions. Bioelectrical and biomechanical activities form the basis of functioning of internal organs. The mechanisms of generation of slow bioelectrical activity that are important for clinical and physiological studies are described. One of these mechanisms is a capacitance parametric transducer converting the energy of contractions into specific electric signals reflecting muscle functions. Another mechanism results from slow oscillations of resting potentials of interrelated excitable cells in large neuromuscular structures of internal organs. The elaborated procedure is efficient for preventing early postoperative paresis of the gastrointestinal tract. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 10, pp. 448–452, October, 1999     

胃小弯侧血管弓的MDCT解剖

目的：研究正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的多排螺旋CT表现。方法：回顾性分析51例正常成人的上腹部CT资料,观察胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的显示情况、血管弓形态及其与胃壁的关系。结果：51例均显示胃小弯侧血管弓,血管弓贲门部属支、胃体部属支和幽门部属支分别显示46例、15例和10例;血管弓与胃壁紧邻41例。结论：MDCT检查可良好显示正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管。     

Assessment of the efficacy of treatment of hemangiomas

Assessment of the aftereffects of cryoexposure and ultrahigh-frequency cryoexposure on hemangioma tissue of various types, cavernous and squamous, showed a higher cryogenic effect in hemangiomatous tissue preexposed to ultrahigh-frequency waves. A quantitative criterion is proposed for assessing the efficacy of the studied methods of exposure. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 669–672, June, 1995