β-hCG、TGF-β和TβR-Ⅰ在卵巢上皮性癌中的表达及意义

目的:探讨人绒毛膜促性腺激素β亚单位(β-hCG)、转化生长因子β亚单位(TGF-β)及转化生长因子β亚单位受体Ⅰ (TβR-Ⅰ)在卵巢上皮性癌中的表达及临床意义.方法:选取2008年1月～2014年1月在石河子大学医学院第一附属医院以手术切除为初次治疗的卵巢上皮性癌石蜡标本60例、卵巢良性肿瘤组织标本40例和正常卵巢组织20例,采用免疫组化法检测β-hCG、TGF-β及TβR-Ⅰ的表达情况.结果:与卵巢良性肿瘤组织和正常卵巢组织相比,卵巢上皮性癌组织中β-hCG、TGF-β和TβR-Ⅰ的阳性表达率均明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);卵巢上皮性癌组织中β-hCG的阳性表达率与其手术病理分期及病理类型密切相关(P＜0.05),而TβR-Ⅰ及TGF-β的阳性表达率与病理类型密切相关(P＜0.05);β-hCG与TGF-β及TβR-Ⅰ的阳性表达率均呈负相关(r=-0.568,P＜0.01;r=-0.673,P＜0.01),TGF-β与TβR-Ⅰ的阳性表达率无相关性(r=0.128,P＞0.01).结论:β-hCG、TGF-β和TβR-Ⅰ对卵巢良性肿瘤和卵巢上皮性癌的鉴别诊断具有一定的临床意义.     

Prostasin和Claudin-3在卵巢上皮性癌中的表达及意义

目的:探讨前列腺蛋白(Prostasin)和紧密连接蛋白3(Claudin-3)在卵巢上皮性癌中的表达及临床意义。方法:采用免疫组化SP法检测Prostasin和Claudin-3在50例卵巢上皮性癌、20例卵巢交界性肿瘤、20例卵巢良性肿瘤、20例正常卵巢组织中的表达情况。结果:Prostasin和Claudin-3在卵巢上皮性癌中的表达均明显高于其他三组(P<0.05),二者在卵巢上皮性癌中的表达与组织病理分级、临床分期有关(P<0.05),与组织学分型无关(P>0.05);Prostasin和Claudin-3在卵巢上皮性癌中的表达呈正相关(r=0.386,P<0.05)。结论:Prostasin和Claudin-3的表达升高与卵巢上皮性癌的发生、发展密切相关,Prostasin和Claudin-3有可能成为治疗卵巢癌的新靶点。     

卵巢上皮性癌组织中WWOX蛋白的表达

目的:探讨卵巢上皮性癌组织中WWOX蛋白的表达。方法:应用免疫组化SP法,检测39例卵巢上皮性癌、7例卵巢交界性上皮性肿瘤、10例卵巢良性上皮性肿瘤及15例正常卵巢组织中WWOX蛋白的表达情况。结果:卵巢上皮性癌组织中WWOX蛋白的表达阳性率64.10%,明显低于正常卵巢组织100%、卵巢良性上皮性肿瘤100%及卵巢交界性上皮性肿瘤85.71%(P0.01),但卵巢交界性上皮性肿瘤与正常卵巢组织及卵巢良性上皮性肿瘤比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。WWOX蛋白表达阳性率随卵巢上皮性癌临床分期的增加而降低(P0.05)。结论:WWOX蛋白在卵巢上皮性癌组织中低表达,其表达水平与肿瘤的进展密切相关。     

卵巢癌组织中MDR1、Survivin、TopoⅡβ的表达及临床意义

目的 研究卵巢上皮性癌组织中多药耐药基因1、Survivin基因和拓扑异构酶Ⅱβ的表达及其临床意义.方法 采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应检测66例卵巢上皮性癌、25例卵巢良性上皮性肿瘤、20例正常卵巢组织多药耐药基因1 mRNA、Survivin mRNA和拓扑异构酶Ⅱβ mRNA的表达.结果 卵巢癌组织中多药耐药基因1 mRNA、Survivin mRNA和拓扑异构酶Ⅱβ mRNA的阳性表达率分别为34.85%(23)、51.52%(34)及54.55%(36),正常卵巢组织及卵巢良性肿瘤多药耐药基因1 mRNA表达均为阴性,拓扑异构酶Ⅱβ mRNA表达均为阳性,Survivin mRNA表达率分别为0及16%(4),卵巢良性肿瘤与上皮性癌相比存在显著性差异(P＜0.01).卵巢癌组织中多药耐药基因1 mRNA阳性表达率与病理类型及期别无明显相关性(P＞0.05),中、低分化组相比有显著性差异(P＜0.05),高、低分化组有极显著差异(P＜0.001);Survivin mRNA阳性表达率与病理类型有明显相关性(P＜0.05),高、低分化组相比有显著性差异(P＜0.01);拓扑异构酶Ⅱβ mRNA的阳性表达率与病理类型无明显相关性(P＞0.05),与期别有明显相关性(P＜0.05),高、低分化组相比存在显著差异(P＜0.01).结论 检测多药耐药基因1、Survivin 基因和拓扑异构酶Ⅱβ对卵巢癌化疗药物的选择具有指导意义,对预后判断有参考价值.     

p53,Ki67,GST-π和MDR-1在卵巢上皮性肿瘤中的表达及意义

目的 研究抑癌基因蛋白p53、细胞核增殖相关抗原Ki67、耐药基因谷胱甘肽S-转移酶-pi(GST-π)和多药耐药基因MDR-1在卵巢上皮性肿瘤组织中的表达,探讨其表达与卵巢癌临床病理参数及预后的相关性.方法 应用免疫组化法检测20例良性肿瘤,20例交界性肿瘤及108例卵巢上皮性癌的卵巢肿瘤组织p53、Ki67、GST-π和MDR-1的表达情况.结果 p53、Ki67、GST-π和MDR-1卵巢交界性肿瘤及上皮性癌中的阳性表达率明显高于良性肿瘤(P＜0.01),p53与Ki67之间、Ki67与GST-π之间相关系数差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).p53蛋白表达与卵巢癌组织分化程度相关系数差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);Ki67与组织分化程度、病理类型及CA125水平相关系数差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),GST-π及MDR -1与卵巢癌临床病理参数相关系数差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).p53阳性表达患者的无瘤生存时间及总生存时间明显低于p53阴性表达患者(P＜0.05),多因素回归显示p53阳性表达可作为预测卵巢癌无瘤生存预后的独立因素(P＜0.05).结论 p53、Ki67、GST-π和MDR-1蛋白阳性表达与卵巢癌的发生发展有密切关系,p53可作为预测卵巢癌预后的重要因素.     

Survivin在卵巢癌中的表达及其与诊疗、预后关系的研究

目的:观察正常卵巢、良性卵巢上皮性肿瘤、上皮交界性肿瘤、卵巢上皮性癌组织中凋亡抑制基因Survivin的表达,探讨Survivin的表达与卵巢上皮性癌诊疗、预后的关系。方法:用免疫组织化学法(SP法)检测32例正常卵巢、30例良性卵巢上皮性肿瘤、11例卵巢上皮交界性肿瘤、52例卵巢上皮性癌组织中Survivin的表达。结果:Survivin蛋白在卵巢上皮交界性肿瘤和卵巢上皮性癌组织中的表达率分别为63.6%、69.2%,明显高于卵巢上皮良性肿瘤及正常卵巢组织的表达率6.25%、30.0%(P<0.05)。卵巢上皮性癌组织中的Survivin表达率稍高于卵巢上皮交界性肿瘤,两者差异无显著性(P>0.05)。Sur-vivin蛋白的表达与肿瘤病理分级、淋巴结转移、腹水有无、临床分期及手术后残余肿瘤的大小相关(P<0.05)。结论:Survivin蛋白在卵巢癌的发生、发展中起一定作用,可以作为早期诊断、评价疗效、判定预后的重要指标。     

环氧合酶-2和HER-2/neu蛋白在卵巢上皮性癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨环氧合酶-2(cyclooxygenase-2,COX-2)和表皮生长因子-2(v-erb-b2erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog2,HER-2/neu)蛋白在卵巢上皮性癌中的表达及其临床意义。方法利用免疫组化链酶素抗生物蛋白—过氧化物酶连接(streptavidin-perosidase,SP)法检测12例正常卵巢组织、18例卵巢良性上皮性肿瘤、10例卵巢交界性上皮性肿瘤和40例卵巢上皮性癌组织中COX-2和HER-2/neu蛋白的表达水平,并结合临床病理特征进行分析。结果①COX-2和HER-2/neu蛋白在卵巢正常组织、良性肿瘤、交界性肿瘤和上皮性癌中的阳性表达率分别为0%、5.6%、30.0%、85.O%和8.3%、11.1%、20.0%、52.5%,二者的表达率随肿瘤恶性程度增加而增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。②COX-2和HER-2/neu蛋白在卵巢上皮性癌中的表达均与临床分期、病理分级、组织学类型无关(P>0.05),与淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05),二者在卵巢上皮性癌组织中同时表达的阳性率为52.5%,呈正相关(r=0.44,P<0.05)。结论 COX-2和HER-2/neu蛋白与卵巢上皮性癌的发生发展密切相关,二者可能协同参与了卵巢癌的发生发展。     

TRPS1在上皮性卵巢组织中的表达及其与临床病理参数的关系

目的通过检测TRPS1在不同上皮性卵巢组织中的表达,分析其与上皮性卵巢癌临床病理参数之间的关系,为卵巢肿瘤的临床诊断及治疗提供理论依据。方法应用免疫组化方法检测TRPS1在11例正常卵巢组织、21例卵巢良性肿瘤、28例卵巢交界性肿瘤及53例上皮性卵巢癌中的表达情况;并分析TRPS1与上皮性卵巢癌临床病理参数的相关性及其与卵巢癌预后的关系。结果 TRPS1在正常卵巢组织、卵巢良性肿瘤、卵巢交界性肿瘤及上皮性卵巢癌中均有表达,且表达趋势逐渐升高,卵巢良性肿瘤中的TRPS1的表达量高于正常卵巢组织(P0. 05),卵巢交界性肿瘤中TRPS1的表达量高于卵巢良性肿瘤(P0. 05),上皮性卵巢癌中TRPS1的表达量高于卵巢交界性肿瘤(P 0. 05)。TRPS1表达水平与患者卵巢癌转移情况有关(P 0. 05),而与其他因素无关(P0. 05)。生存分析显示,TRPS1低表达者生存期长于高表达者(P0. 05)。结论 TRPS1与上皮性卵巢癌的发病机制及转移存在密切关系,可作为上皮性卵巢癌诊断及判断预后的新指标。     

PTEN和FHIT在上皮性卵巢肿瘤中的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨PTEN和FHIT蛋白在上皮性卵巢肿瘤中的表达及意义。方法:收集该院85例上皮性卵巢肿瘤的妇科手术石蜡标本(51例卵巢癌、16例卵巢交界性肿瘤、18例卵巢良性肿瘤),另收集同期其他条件类似的10例正常卵巢组织作对照,采用免疫组织化学SP法检测组织中FHIT和PTEN表达。结果:FHIT在10例正常卵巢组织、18例良性上皮性卵巢肿瘤和16例交界性肿瘤中均呈阳性表达,在上皮性卵巢癌中,其阴性表达率(37.3%,19/51)明显高于良性卵巢肿瘤和交界性卵巢肿瘤,其差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。FHIT蛋白阴性表达率在伴淋巴结转移组和不伴淋巴结转移组比较差异也有统计学意义(P0.05);FHIT蛋白的阴性表达率与病理类型及临床分期无关。卵巢交界性肿瘤和卵巢癌组织中PTEN蛋白表达显著低于卵巢良性肿瘤和正常卵巢组织,其差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);PTEN蛋白表达与卵巢癌组织分化程度呈正相关(P0.01),与临床病理分期负相关(P0.05)。结论:PTEN基因和FHIT基因表达降低或缺失在卵巢癌的发生、侵袭和转移中可能起重要作用,PTEN和FHIT联合检测有助于卵巢肿瘤的早期诊断、早期治疗及生物学行为的评估。     

COX-2和PTEN在卵巢肿瘤中表达及临床意义

目的分析环氧合酶-2(COX-2)和PTEN蛋白在卵巢上皮肿瘤中的表达及其意义。方法采用免疫组织化学SP法检测48例卵巢癌、15例卵巢交界性肿瘤、16例卵巢良性肿瘤组织中COX-2和PTEN表达情况,同时选取10例正常卵巢组织作为对照。结果 COX-2在卵巢上皮性癌和交界性肿瘤组织中的表达率明显高于卵巢良性肿瘤及正常组织,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);COX-2在卵巢上皮性癌组织中的表达与淋巴结转移有明显相关性(P<0.05),而与组织学分级、临床分期、组织学类型无明显相关(P>0.05);PTEN蛋白在卵巢癌组织和卵巢交界性肿瘤中表达明显低于卵巢良性肿瘤和正常卵巢组织,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);PTEN蛋白表达与卵巢癌与组织学分级、临床分期和淋巴结转移明显相关(P<0.05),而与组织学类型无明显相关(P>0.05)。结论 COX-2的表达上调和PTEN表达降低或缺失在卵巢癌的发生、发展中可能起重要作用。     

企业职工高尿酸血症与血压、血脂、血糖的相关性研究

目的探讨企业职工高尿酸血症（HUA）与血压、血脂、血糖的相关性,为企业进行健康管理提供依据。方法以中国石油长庆油田公司各下属企业为抽样单位,整群随机抽取2个单位,每个单位中所有的HUA者作为HUA组,共720人;同时在尿酸水平正常者中随机选取620人为正常组。通过Logistic回归分析HUA与年龄、性别、血压、血脂、血糖的关系。结果HUA合并高血压、高血脂、空腹m糖受损任意一项、两项、三项的比例均远高于正常组（OR值分别为：4．036,2．562,4．174）。多因素Logistic回归发现：男性、收缩压、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇是HUA的危险因素（OR值分别为7．736,2．309,1．721,2．761,1．411）;高密度脂蛋白胆固醇为HUA的保护因素（OR值为0．211）。结论HUA存在性别差异,且与血压、血脂密切相关。企业对职工的健康管理应充分考虑多危险因素的综合作用,全面的进行健康教育及干预。     

癌缺氧病因及预防和治疗

目的 探讨癌及安阳林州市食管癌高发原因及癌病因预防和治疗措施.方法 对林州市食管癌等疾病现场进行调查,在进行10余年统计分析基础上,综合分析了全国156篇文献成果.结果 提出癌缺氧病因学说,使用制氧机、按摩器、饮用纯净水治疗恶性肿瘤,取得良好效果,改水能够大幅降低林州市居民食管癌发病率、死亡率.结论 癌可能是由于机体长...     

Recruitment and retention challenges and successes

Objective: Addressing health disparities requires well designed, culturally adapted research. However, recruiting/retaining minority participants has often been challenging. We present strategies used to successfully recruit and retain rural Hispanic women during a breastfeeding education intervention.

Design: This study involved a two-group repeated measures quasi-experimental design with assessments at seven intervals between enrollment and 6 months postpartum. Participants (Hispanic women?≥?15 years old) were recruited through a regional hospital.

Results: We successfully met our recruitment goals, most women contacted were enrolled (46 of 58), and 100% completed the study.

Discussion: Research staff with ties within the community helped establish trust. Using bilingual study materials, simple language, and an interpreter addressed language/literacy concerns. Phone assessments facilitated participation as transportation was an issue. Accommodating requests to deliver or mail study materials and providing incentives were important. Extra effort was needed to maintain contact when phone service was disrupted or participants moved. Keys to success were persistence, flexibility, and alleviating barriers to participation.     

初产妇与经产妇焦虑抑郁状态分析及干预

目的：分析初产妇、经产妇心理状态特点,以便采取更有效的干预措施。方法筛选2014年6月至2015年1月在咸阳市旬邑县妇幼保健院产科门诊产前检查的健康初产和经产妇各60名,孕周为28~40周。入组时用焦虑自评量表( SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)对两组孕妇进行心理评定,并给1次支持性心理干预(40~60分钟),1周后再次用SAS、SDS对两组孕妇进行评定分析。结果经产妇干预前SAS(50.73±3.45)、SDS(49.13±3.86)评分明显高于初产妇SAS(42.45±2.08)、SDS(41.77±2.21),差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-15.921、-12.817,均P<0.01);干预后两组SAS、SDS评分均比干预前明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为14.999、15.413;15.724、15.832,均P<0.01);干预后经产妇 SAS(38.61±5.02)、SDS(39.10±3.03)评分明显高于初产妇SAS(34.88±3.31)、SDS(32.01±4.27),差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-4.805、-10.489,均P<0.01)。结论初产妇和经产妇均伴有焦虑、抑郁情绪,干预前后经产妇抑郁、焦虑情绪均较初产妇明显,支持性心理干预能有效改善孕妇的不良情绪。     

Continuity and change in neighborhood disadvantage and adolescent depression and anxiety

We used data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study which includes a sample of adolescents of age 15 at the most recent wave (between 2014 and 2017) from mainly low-income urban families in the United States, to examine the association between neighborhood poverty entries and exits and adolescent depression and anxiety. In addition, we examined whether these associations differed by gender. Adolescents who consistently lived in disadvantaged neighborhoods had the highest level of depression and anxiety. Those who entered poor neighborhoods were more depressed than those who never lived in poor neighborhoods. Those who exited poor neighborhoods showed no significant difference in depression and anxiety compared to those never lived in poor neighborhoods. Furthermore, these associations applied to adolescent girls only and were not statistically significant for boys. The results suggest that neighborhood poverty has cumulative negative impacts on adolescent mental health and disproportionally affects adolescent girls. Reducing neighborhood poverty would substantially improve the health of adolescents, especially girls, which would reduce health disparities.     

Enabling positive change: Progress and setbacks in HIV and sexual and reproductive health and rights

At a point in history when the future of sexual and reproductive health including HIV looks particularly uncertain, it is helpful to recognise that many of the challenges currently faced are neither new nor insurmountable. Reflecting on past achievements and lessons learned helps us to have confidence that positive change is feasible. This paper reflects on some of the changes observed in countries like India and Mozambique and identifies a range of factors which need to coalesce to enable these developments, along with specific contextual factors. It is the combination of these influences rather than any one of them alone that brought about the change in the three instances described – fostering a positive political response to HIV in its early years in India; bringing about policy reform on abortion in Mozambique; and increasing contraceptive prevalence and age at marriage in some districts in Bihar, India. Change is always fragile and susceptible to setbacks, but change-seekers can learn in the process and gain renewed hope that progress can and often does take place if they persevere.     

儿童青少年超重肥胖评价方法及SPSS和SAS实现

超重肥胖已成为世界各国儿童青少年面临的重大公共卫生问题之一。现行的儿童青少年超重肥胖筛查标准不统一,逐条评价或自行编写程序容易出错且效率较低。本研究以中国学龄儿童青少年超重与肥胖筛查标准为例,详细介绍了国际和中国共四种评价儿童青少年超重肥胖的方法和步骤,结合具体案例详细介绍其应用方法,同时编制SPSS和SAS程序包和解...     

Car ownership and the association between fruit and vegetable availability and diet

Objective

Nearly all research on the food environment and diet has not accounted for car ownership — a potential key modifying factor. This study examined the modifying effect of car ownership on the relationship between neighborhood fruit and vegetable availability and intake.

Methods

Data on respondents' (n = 760) fruit and vegetable intake, car ownership, and demographics came from the 2008 New Orleans Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Shelf space data on fresh, frozen, and canned fruits and vegetables were collected in 2008 from a random sample of New Orleans stores (n = 114). Availability measures were constructed by summing the amount of fruit and vegetable shelf space in all stores within defined distances from respondent households. Regression analyses controlled for demographics and were run separately for respondents with and without a car.

Results

Fruit and vegetable availability was positively associated with intake among non-car owners. An additional 100 m of shelf space within 2 km of a residence was predictive of a half-serving/day increase in fruit and vegetable intake. Availability was not associated with intake among car owners.

Conclusions

Future research and interventions to increase neighborhood healthy food options should consider car ownership rates in their target areas as an important modifying factor.