肺炎支原体肺炎患儿支气管肺泡灌洗液中细胞因子的检测

目的：研究肺炎支原体肺炎（ MPP）患儿支气管肺泡灌洗液（ BALF）中细胞因子（ IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α）的变化情况以及临床意义。方法我院分别对140例MPP急性期患儿（ MPP急性期组）、70例恢复期患儿（ MPP恢复期组）、140例健康儿童（正常对照组）患儿运用双抗体夹心 ELISA 法检测BALF中IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α水平。结果 MPP急性期组IL-6、IL-12、TNF-α水平与正常对照组和 MPP恢复期组比较显著上升,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;而MPP恢复期组与正常对照组比较,未见明显差异,无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论小儿在 MPP发病中IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α具有重要的作用,对这些指标进行检测能够有效地对患者的病情进行判断。     

儿童肺炎支原体感染中免疫功能及抗炎、促炎因子的检测分析

目的探讨儿童肺炎支原体感染中免疫功能及抗炎因子、促炎因子的水平变化。方法选取120例支原体肺炎患儿,根据病程分为急性期组与恢复期组,另选取健康儿童60例作为对照组,检测各组对象的免疫功能及抗炎、促炎因子指标。结果急性期组Ig A、CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+水平低于恢复期组与对照组,恢复期组低于对照组;恢复期组Ig G水平高于急性期组与对照组;急性期组Ig M、C3、C4水平高于恢复期组与对照组。急性期组CD8+高于恢复期组与对照组,恢复期组高于对照组。急性期组TNF-α、IL-8、IL-13高于恢复期组与对照组,恢复期组高于对照组;急性期组IL-10低于恢复期组与对照组,恢复期组低于对照组,以上差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论儿童肺炎支原体感染后存在免疫功能、抗炎因子及促炎因子异常。     

儿童难治性支原体肺炎免疫机制分析

目的探讨难治性支原体肺炎(RMPP)相关血清细胞因子水平及临床意义。方法选取2016年-2018年在绍兴市中心医院住院的2岁～14岁100例支原体肺炎患儿,其中难治性支原体肺炎(RMPP)36例,普通支原体肺炎(MPP)64例,同期门诊体检健康儿童(对照组)50例。对支原体感染患儿急性期和恢复期及健康儿童测定血清CRP、PCT、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α、CD4~+、 CD4~+/CD8水平。结果 RMPP组治疗前(急性期)CRP、PCT、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α、CD4~+、 CD4~+/CD8~+与MPP组及对照组差异有统计学意义(P0.01),MPP组治疗前(急性期)CRP、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。RMPP治疗2周后(恢复期)血清CRP、PCT、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α、CD4~+、CD8~+、 CD4~+/CD8~+水平与急性期比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);MPP组恢复期CRP、PCT、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α~+水平与急性期比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论体液免疫及细胞因子参与了MPP及RMPP的发病过程。     

血清蛋白成分及炎性细胞因子与支原体肺炎患儿病情严重程度的相关性研究

目的 检测支原体肺炎患儿血清白蛋白、α1、α2、β、γ球蛋白及κ、λ轻链、炎性细胞因子的水平,探讨其临床意义。方法 选择2014年1月－2016年1月湖北省妇幼保健院儿科确诊的224例肺炎支原体肺炎(MPP)患儿,包括普通MPP患儿组163例,重症MPP组61例,同期健康体检儿童50例作为对照组。测定对照组和MPP组急性期及恢复期的血清蛋白成分比例变化及κ、λ轻链、IL-2、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平。结果 急性期,普通MPP组和重症MPP组的血白蛋白(albumin,ALB)比例均较对照组显著下降,α1、α2、γ球蛋白比例显著升高(P＜0.05),以重症MPP组变化更加明显(P＜0.05)。恢复期,普通MPP组和重症MPP组的ALB比例均较急性期升高,α1、α2、γ球蛋白比例均较急性期下降(P＜0.05)。普通MPP组和重症MPP组的β球蛋白比例变化差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。急性期普通MPP组和重症MPP组的血IgG、IgA、IgM水平较对照组均显著升高(P＜0.05),重症MPP组升高更加明显(P＜0.05),恢复期IgG、IgA、IgM水平较急性期显著下降(P＜0.05)。各组的κ轻链、λ轻链变化差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。普通MPP组和重症MPP组在急性期血IL-2水平较对照组降低,hs-CRP、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α较对照组升高,且以重症MPP组变化更加明显(P＜0.05)。至恢复期,普通MPP组和重症MPP组的IL-2水平均较急性期升高,hs-CRP、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平较急性期降低(P＜0.05)。结论 炎症因子参与了MPP的发生发展,血清蛋白电泳各成分比例的变化程度与MPP的病情轻重存在相关性,通过动态监测血清蛋白电泳各成分比例变化,可为MPP提供临床评估依据。     

慢性盆腔炎患者促炎因子与抗炎因子的关系

目的:探讨慢性盆腔炎患者血清促炎因子与抗炎因子的表达与相关性。方法:选择87例慢性盆腔炎患者作为病例组,选择同期健康体检妇女69例作为对照组,ELISA法检测血清TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6和抗炎细胞因子IL-4、IL-10的表达。结果:病例组患者血清TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6表达高于对照组(P<0.05),而血清IL-4和IL-10表达低于对照组(P<0.05);病例组患者血清促炎因子的表达与抗炎因子的表达呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论:慢性盆腔炎患者促炎因子过度激活,而抗炎因子被抑制,并且二者表达具有一定的相关性,共同促进慢性盆腔炎的发生发展。     

血清IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α检测结果对预防儿童肺炎支原体肺炎的临床意义

目的血清IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α的检测对儿童肺炎支原体肺炎(MPP)诊断的临床价值分析。方法以核工业四一七医院2015年3月至2016年3月收治的1~12岁MPP病例为研究对象,同时选取年龄和性别构成一致的健康儿童作为对照,对不同分期的MPP病例和健康对照组儿童的血清IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α水平进行分析,Pearson相关分析用于急性期MPP病例血清IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α水平的相关性分析。结果共纳入MPP儿童病例90例,平均年龄为(6.13±1.49)岁,病例中急性期和恢复期病例各45例。健康对照组儿童40人,平均年龄为(6.05±2.15)岁。急性期MPP组的血清IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α水平均高于恢复期MPP组和健康对照组(均P0.01)。肺部纤维化急性期MPP病例血清IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α水平均高于未发生纤维化者,差异具有统计学意义(均P0.01)。急性期MPP病例血清IL-6与IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α、血清IL-8与IL-10、TNF-α、血清IL-10与TNF-α均呈正相关关系(r=0.243~0.455,均P0.05)。结论急性期MPP病例的血清IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α异常升高,其在患者发病过程中起重要的作用,并且与患者肺纤维化有关。     

血清IL-1β、IFN-γ、TNF-α检测在儿童RMPP中的意义

目的探讨血清IL-1β、IFN-γ、TNF-α在儿童难治性肺炎支原体肺炎(RMPP)发病的作用。方法选取30例RMPP患儿(RMPP组)和30例肺炎支原体肺炎(MPP)患儿(MPP组),在急性期和恢复期ELISA法检测血清IL-1β、IFN-γ、TNF-α的水平,另选取20例健康体检儿童(对照组)进行比较。结果(1)组间比较:RMPP组急性期与恢复期血清IL-1β、IFN-γ、TNF-α的水平均高于MPP组及对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);MPP组急性期上述指标的水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),恢复期两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)组内比较:RMPP组和MPP组血清IL-1β、IFN-γ、TNF-α的水平在急性期均高于恢复期,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论血清IL-1β、IFN-γ、TNF-α在RMPP发病中发挥了重要作用,其水平可为临床诊断以及预后提供理论依据。     

极化液个体化治疗对创伤后高血糖病人促/抗炎细胞因子的影响

目的:探讨极化液个体化治疗对创伤后高血糖病人促/抗炎细胞因子以及多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)的影响,为极化液辅助治疗创伤后MODS提供实验依据.方法:将我院重症监护室收治的创伤后高血糖病人,随机分为极化液个体化治疗组(GIK组)和基础治疗组(C组).观察不同治疗组治疗3 d后创伤病人空腹血糖、乳酸、促炎细胞因子(CRP、TNF-α和IL-1β)和抗炎细胞因子(IL-4和IL-10)水平变化以及MODS的发生率和病死率.结果:GIK组治疗3 d后,空腹血糖、乳酸、C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)水平均明显低于C组,血IL-4和IL-10水平明显高于C组.GIK组MODS的发生率明显低于C组,MODS病死率虽略有下降,但与C组比无显著差异.结论:极化液个体化治疗创伤后病人可降低促炎细胞因子和升高抗炎细胞因子水平,对控制创伤后病人的高血糖效果明显.     

职业性铅暴露对促炎细胞因子和血管生成因子水平的影响

目的探讨长期职业性铅暴露对促炎细胞因子和促血管生成因子水平的影响。方法选择居住在同一地区200名接触铅工作的男性为暴露组,年龄相当的无铅接触史137名男性为对照组。受试者清晨空腹肘部静脉血,检测血清促炎细胞因子[白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、巨噬细胞炎性蛋白1α(MIP-1α)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)]、血管生成因子[血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、可溶性血管内皮生长因子受体-1(sVEGFR-1)、可溶性血管生成素受体2(Stie-2)、成纤维细胞生长因子(FGF-basic)]水平。结果长期接触铅的工人组促炎细胞因子IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α水平高于对照组(P值均<0.001),血管生成因子sVEGFR-1、FGF-basic水平显著高于对照组(P值均<0.001)。在长期铅暴露组中,促炎细胞因子(IL-1a、IL-6、TNF-a)水平与血管生成因子(VEGF、FGF-basic、sVEGFR-1、Stie-2)呈正相关(r=0.31~0.62,P值均<0.05)。结论长期职业性铅暴露可导致促炎细胞因子和血管生成因子浓度升高,且二者具有显著相关性。     

吉他霉素治疗小儿肺炎支原体肺炎的疗效及对血清相关炎症细胞因子的影响

目的探讨吉他霉素治疗小儿肺炎支原体肺炎(MPP)及对血清白细胞介素(IL-6、IL-8、IL-10),肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α),粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF),C-反应蛋白(CRP)等相关炎症细胞因子指标的影响。方法选取2014年5月-2016年5月该院收治的MPP患儿80例为观察组,予以吉他霉素抗感染治疗。同时选取60例正常体检儿童为对照组。采用ELISA法测定观察组治疗前后及对照组血清IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α和G-CSF水平,全自动生化分析仪测定血清CRP水平。比较观察组治疗前后及对照组上述指标水平变化情况。结果与对照组比较,观察组治疗前血清IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α、G-CSF和CRP水平均较对照组升高,差异有统计学意义(t=5.463、6.082、5.654、6.378、11.243、10.624,均P0.05);观察组治疗第3天,血清TNF-α、G-CSF和CRP水平均较治疗前下降,差异有统计学意义(均P0.05);治疗第7天,血清IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α、G-CSF和CRP水平均较治疗前下降,差异有统计学意义(均P0.05);治疗第7天血清IL-6、IL-8、IL-10和CRP水平均较治疗第3天下降,差异有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论血清IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α、G-CSF和CRP等相关炎症细胞因子水平变化与肺炎支原体(MP)感染具有一定关联性,可作为小儿MPP诊断、病情评估、进展及预后的评价指标;吉他霉素治疗小儿MPP在改善患儿症状、体征的同时,对上述相关炎症细胞因子也具有明显改善作用。     

脓毒症患儿血浆miR-146a、miR-223表达及其临床意义

目的探讨脓毒症患儿血浆miR-146a、miR-223表达及其临床意义。方法选取脓毒症患儿65例,其中一般脓毒症32例,重症脓毒症33例,以健康儿童40例为对照组。比较各组血浆miR-146a、miR-223、IL-6、IL-10和TNF-α的表达情况及相关性;分析miR-146a、miR-223对脓毒症的诊断价值。结果重度脓毒症和一般脓毒症患儿miR-146a、miR-223、IL-6、IL-10和TNF-α水平较对照组均显著上升(P <0.05);重度脓毒症相比一般脓毒症miR-146a、miR-223、IL-6、IL-10水平上升幅度更大(P <0.05)。经Spearman分析表明,miR-146a与IL-6、IL-10水平呈显著正相关(r值分别为0.652、0.725,P <0.05);miR-223与IL-6、IL-10及TNF-α均呈显著正相关(r值分别为0.625、0.559、0.364,P <0.05)。ROC分析miR-146a、miR-223的AUC值分别为0.867和0.788。结论脓毒症患儿血浆miR-146a、miR-223和炎症细胞因子水平均显著上调,且miR-146a、miR-223表达与炎症细胞因子呈显著正相关。此外,血浆miR-146a、miR-223对脓毒症早期诊断具有一定的预测价值。     

肺炎支原体肺炎患儿血清细胞因子、高敏C反应蛋白、总免疫球蛋白及补体C的检测及其临床意义

目的 探讨检测肺炎支原体肺炎(MPP)患儿血清白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-8、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α、高敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、总免疫球蛋白(Ig)、补体C的临床意义.方法 选择61例MPP患儿(观察组)和60例健康儿童(对照组)为研究对象,IL-6、IL-8采用酶联免疫吸附试验方法测定,TNF-α采用γ放射免疫计数器检测,hs-CRP、总Ig、补体C采用速率散射比浊法测定.结果 观察组血清IL-6为(109.31±54.72)ng/L、IL-8为(128.19±65.87)ng/L、血清hs-CRP为(34.13±19.21)mg/L、总Ig为(12.62±5.51)g/L、补体C为(2.98±0.97)g/L,与对照组的(67.23±32.18)ng/L、(31.78±8.91)ng/L、(1.62±1.34)g/L、(6.71±3.65)g/L、(1.46±0.45)g/L比较均显著上升,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05或＜0.01);两组血清TNF-α水平差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 IL-6、IL-8、hs-CRP、总Ig及补体C在小儿MPP中起重要作用,检测IL-6、IL-8、hs-CRP、总Ig及补体C的变化对判定病情和预后有一定的临床应用价值.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of serum interleukin (IL)-6,IL-8,tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- α, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-C RP), total immunoglobulin (Ig) and complement C levels in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). Methods Sixty-one cases of children with MPP (observation group) and 60 healthy children (control group) were selected. The serum IL-6 and IL-8 levels were tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) method; the serum TNF-α level was tested by γ radioimmunoassay (RIA) counter; the serum hs-CRP, total Ig and complement C levels were tested by rate nephelometry method. Results The serum IL-6 concentration was (109.31 ±54.72) ng/L, IL-8 concentration was (128.19 ±65.87) ng/L, hs-CRP concentration was (34.13 ± 19.21) mg/L, total Ig concentration was (12.62 ± 5.51) g/L and complement C concentration was (2.98 ± 0.97) g/L in the observation group, and they were higher than those in the control group [(67.23 ±32.18) ng/L, (31.78 ±8.91) ng/L, (1.62 ±1.34) g/L, (6.71 ±3.65) g/L, (1.46 ±0.45) g/L]. The differences were significant (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01). The serum TNF- t level between two groups had no significant difference (P＞ 0.05). Conclusions The serum cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, hs-CRP, total Ig and complement C play an important role in MPP. It has important significance to detect the serum cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, hs-CRP, total Ig and complement C levels in children with MPP.     

Lower genital tract inflammatory milieu and the risk of subsequent preterm birth: an exploratory factor analysis

The inflammatory milieu of the cervix may play a role in preventing intrauterine infection and subsequent preterm birth. The objectives of this study were to use exploratory factor analysis to discover the underlying structure of cytokines in the lower genital tract immunological milieu, and evaluate the association between the cytokine factors and risk of preterm birth. Women (n=613) enrolled in a prospective pregnancy cohort study in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania had cervical cytokine concentrations assayed at <16 weeks and were followed for data on pregnancy outcomes. Principal factor analysis identified two primary cytokine patterns at <16 weeks gestation: Factor 1 (pro-inflammatory/immunomodulatory factor), which loaded highly on interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and IL-10, and Factor 2 (anti-inflammatory factor), which loaded heavily on IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13. Women in the highest tertile of anti-inflammatory cytokine factor scores at <16 weeks had an increased risk of spontaneous preterm birth (confounder-adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 2.4 [1.1, 5.7]). There was no association between pro-inflammatory cytokine factor scores and preterm birth risk. These data support the hypothesis that increased concentrations of anti-inflammatory cytokines may represent a cervical immune milieu that permits subsequent microbial invasion of the uterus during pregnancy, leading to subsequent spontaneous preterm birth.     

多囊卵巢综合征合并感染病原学及其PI3K/AKT信号转导通路蛋白水平

目的探讨多囊卵巢综合征合并感染患者病原菌特征及对血清细胞因子、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)/丝氨酸-苏氨酸蛋白激酶(AKT)信号转导通路蛋白水平的影响。方法选取2016年3月-2019年10月遵义医科大学附属医院多囊卵巢综合征合并感染患者96例为感染组,同期多囊卵巢综合征未合并感染患者96例为未感染组。统计感染组患者病原菌分布特征、感染组不同感染类型(革兰阴性菌、革兰阳性菌)患者血清细胞因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、IL-6]、PI3K、AKT蛋白水平,并绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线及曲线下面积(AUC)探讨血清细胞因子(TNF-α、IL-8、IL-6)、PI3K、AKT蛋白水平单一、联合检测对患者革兰阴性菌感染类型的鉴别价值。结果感染组96例患者共分离出病原菌96株,其中革兰阴性菌59株占61.46%,革兰阳性菌37株占38.54%;感染组血清TNF-α、IL-8、IL-6与PI3K、AKT蛋白分别为(147.48±34.19)ng/ml、(224.72±46.34)ng/ml、(75.02±16.51)ng/ml与(0.81±0.19)、(0.88±0.21)高于未感染组(P<0.001);革兰阴性菌感染患者血清TNF-α、IL-8、IL-6与PI3K、AKT蛋白分别为(168.07±37.26)ng/ml、(253.41±49.28)ng/ml、(86.75±18.37)ng/ml与(0.94±0.22)、(1.03±0.24)高于革兰阳性菌感染患者(P<0.05);鉴别革兰阴性菌的AUC:TNF-α为0.701,IL-8为0.719,IL-6为0.808,PI3K蛋白为0.763,AKT蛋白为0.791,各指标联合为0.894,联合诊断优于单一诊断(P<0.05)。结论多囊卵巢综合征合并感染患者病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,可引起TNF-α、IL-8、IL-6及PI3K/AKT信号通路的高表达,TNF-α、IL-8、IL-6、PI3K/AKT联合检测有助于鉴别革兰阴性和阳性菌。     

肾综合征出血热10种炎性介质的动态变化及临床意义

目的 了解10种炎性介质在肾综合征出血热病程中的动态变化及作用机制.方法 前瞻性选取肾综合征出血热病例53例,其中轻型9例,中型16例,重型15例,危重型13例.按病期采集血清样本,血液透析(血透)治疗时透析前后采集血清样本,20例正常人血清样本作对照;用ELISA法检测上述样本中的炎性介质(TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-2、IL-4、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、IL-12、IL-15和IFN-α);按病期、病型和血透干预三个层次进行分析.结果 TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-4、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、IL-12在发热期即明显高于对照组,在低血压少尿期达高峰(P＜0.01),IFN-α水平在各期均低于对照组(P＜0.01);多数炎性介质水平在重症组高于轻症组(P＜0.01);血透后大部分炎性介质有明显下降(P＜0.01).结论 10种炎性介质均参与肾综合征出血热发病的炎症过程;促炎与抗炎介质分泌失衡,TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-2、IL-4、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、IL-12和IL-15分泌过量,导致明显的全身炎症反应,分泌量与炎症损害呈正相关;血清IFN-α水平低下,抗病毒作用有限;血透能显著减少患者血清中的炎性介质,减轻炎症损害,缩短病程,并改善预后.     

Short-term effect of prebiotics administration on stool characteristics and serum cytokines dynamics in very young children with acute diarrhea

We investigated the effect of a mixture of long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides, galacto-oligosaccharides and acidic oligosaccharides on the number and consistency of stools and on immune system biomarkers in 104 supplemented and non-supplemented subjects (aged 9-24 months) with acute diarrhea. Interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-1RA, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α and sIL-2R cytokine levels were determined. The significant decrease in number of stools and increase in stool consistency in the supplemented group was of little clinical relevance. The only significant change in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines was decreased TNF-α levels in the supplemented group. Prebiotic supplementation during acute diarrhea episodes did not influence the clinical course.     

Evaluation of the Relationship between Pro-inflammatory Cyto-kines and Health Hazards in Workers Involved in Hazardous Waste Sites at Karnataka, India

Background: Most of the studies have reported higher occupational health haz?ards on hazardous waste workers (HWW). However reports regarding the asso?ciation between health hazards and pro-inflammatory cytokines in HWW are scanty. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the relationship between occupational health hazards and serum pro-inflammatory cytokines in HWW. Methods: One hundred two subjects working in hazardous waste areas in differ?ent parts of Bangalore at Karnataka, India were enrolled into the study in 2009. Using questionnaire the respiratory morbidity and other work related problems in HWW was carried. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in study subjects were determined by using Enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay kits (Pierce Biotechnology, USA). The differences of serum pro-inflammatory cytokines levels between the groups were computed by using non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test. SPSS 10.0 for windows version of statistical software was used in the analy?sis. Results: The morbidity conditions such as respiratory (34%), musculo-skeletal (24.5%), past illnesses (12.7%), dermatological (11.8%), gastrointestinal (9.8%), injuries due to contact with sharp objects & heavy equipments (7.8%) and nose and eye (4.9%) problems were observed in HWW. The levels of serum pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-8 (P=0.041) & TNF-α (P=0.040) significantly increased in landfill area workers and subjects having respiratory symptoms. Conclusion: The levels of serum pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-8 & TNF- α were significantly associated with subjects having respiratory symptoms & further supporting that they are inflammatory markers in respiratory symptoms.