β2肾上腺素受体拮抗剂对大鼠心肌梗死后心肌细胞胞浆游离Ca2+浓度的影响

目的：观察β2肾上腺素受体拮抗剂对心肌梗死后心肌细胞胞浆游离Ca2+浓度(［Ca2+］i)的影响。 方法： 结扎冠状动脉，复制大鼠心肌梗死模型。随机分为心肌梗死后2、4、8周组，正常对照组作假手术。分离大鼠心肌细胞，每组大鼠制备20份样品，再随机分为4小组，分别给予β2受体拮抗剂ICI118,551、β1受体拮抗剂阿替洛尔、非选择性β受体拮抗剂普萘洛尔后，用Fura-2荧光技术测定心肌细胞［Ca2+］i。 结果： 心肌梗死后4、8周，ICI118,551组心肌细胞［Ca2+］i增幅显著低于异丙肾上腺素组(24.5%±5.7% vs 57.8%±13.2%, P<0.01; 12.2%±7.9% vs 44.6%±11.3%,P<0.01)；正常对照组和心肌梗死后2周，上述两组心肌细胞［Ca2+］i增幅无显著差异(P>0.05)。正常对照组和心肌梗死后2周，阿替洛尔组心肌细胞［Ca2+］i增幅显著低于异丙肾上腺素组(P<0.05)；正常对照组及心肌梗死后2、4、8周,普萘洛尔组心肌细胞［Ca2+］i增幅均显著低于异丙肾上腺素组（P<0.05）。 结论： β2受体拮抗剂对于有效抑制心肌梗死后交感神经激动引起的心肌细胞内钙超载可能起重要作用。     

急性心肌梗死大鼠趋化因子表达与心功能的关系

目的：探讨急性心肌梗死（AMI）大鼠心肌局部趋化因子的表达与淋巴细胞浸润及心功能的关系。 方法： 结扎冠状动脉左前降支建立AMI大鼠模型，实验动物分为3组：心衰组（MI-HF）、未心衰组(MI-NF)和假手术组(sham)，假手术组只过线不结扎。于术后3 d、1周、2周检测血流动力学，将左室舒张末期压力(LVEDP)≥15 mmHg者归为心衰组。用半定量RT-PCR方法测定心肌梗死区（包括梗死周边区）趋化因子的mRNA表达，包括γ干扰素诱导的单核因子（MIG）、巨噬细胞炎性蛋白-1α（MIP-1α）、正常T细胞表达和分泌、活化时表达下降的因子（RANTES）。HE染色切片进行梗死区淋巴细胞计数分析。 结果： AMI大鼠心肌局部趋化因子的mRNA表达于术后3 d开始升高，1周达峰值，且MI-HF组较MI-NF组表达更高(RANTES, 0.83±0.05 vs 0.51±0.19, P<0.05; MIP-1α, 1.94±0.30 vs 1.48±0.33, P<0.05; MIG, 1.40±0.27 vs 0.93±0.28, P<0.05)。RANTES和MIP-1α的表达与淋巴细胞浸润显著相关(RANTES，r=0.35，P<0.05；MIP-1α，r＝0.40，P<0.05)。 结论： AMI后心肌局部趋化因子RANTES、MIP-1α、MIG表达增高，且趋化因子水平与心功能有相关性，趋化因子可能参与了AMI后心衰的病理生理学发展过程。     

脾切除对门脉高压症大鼠CD4、CD8和脾功能的影响

目的:研究肝硬化门脉高压症（PHT）大鼠脾次全切除术后CD4、CD8与脾功能的变化。 方法: 皮下注射60％四氯化碳复制大鼠肝硬化模型。共分5组：正常大鼠组、肝硬化（PHT）组、正常大鼠脾切除组、PHT全脾切除组、PHT脾次全切除组，每组10只。手术后第4周检测各组血常规、肝功能、tuftsin、CD4、CD8等指标。 结果:PHT高压症大鼠脾切除术后tuftsin水平［（171±21）ng/L vs （433±44） ng/L,P<0.01］、CD4/CD8（2.01±0.22 vs 1.12±0.12, P<0.01)均显著低于PHT组;PHT大鼠脾次全切除组tuftsin［（434±42）ng/L vs （171±21）ng/L, P<0.01］、CD4/CD8 （1.97±0.18 vs 1.12±0.12, P<0.01)显著高于PHT大鼠脾切除组。肝功能两者无显著差异（P>0.05）。 结论: PHT脾次全切组大鼠术后免疫和脾功能比PHT脾全切组大鼠明显改善，肝功能两者无显著变化。     

容量负荷和压力负荷型心脏肥大大鼠模型的建立及评价

目的： 通过建立压力负荷型和容量负荷型心脏肥大大鼠模型，比较各种评价大鼠心脏结构和功能的方法。 方法： 采用腹主动脉-下腔静脉造瘘法和主动脉缩窄法分别复制容量负荷型和压力负荷型心脏肥大大鼠模型，应用超声心动图、血流动力学检测、心脏称量以及组织切片等多种方法评价心脏结构和功能。 结果： 手术组模型心脏重量均明显大于假手术组。动静脉瘘手术组1周时左心室内径及容积均明显大于假手术组［（0.67±0.03）cm vs （0.60±0.20）cm, （0.69±0.10）mL vs （0.50±0.04）mL，P<0.01］，相对室壁厚度 (RWT) 在手术组明显小于假手术组（0.46±0.05 vs 0.55±0.05，P<0.01）；主动脉缩窄手术组1周时室间隔厚度及左室后壁厚度明显大于假手术组［（0.20±0.03） cm vs （0.16±0.02）cm，P<0.01; （0.20±0.03）cm vs （0.16±0.02）cm，P<0.01］，RWT明显大于假手术组（0.71±0.17 vs （0.56±0.12，P<0.05）， +dp/dtmax明显增加(4 886±1 304 vs 3 674±325，P<0.05)。 2周时上述参数变化更为显著。 结论： 腹主动脉-下腔静脉造瘘和主动脉缩窄方法成功复制了容量负荷型和压力负荷型大鼠心脏肥大模型，通过超声心动图和血流动力学检测可较全面地评价心脏结构和功能变化，其中RWT是两种模型都敏感的指标。     

急性心肌梗死大鼠钙调蛋白的改变及卡维地洛的干预作用

目的：研究急性心肌梗死（AMI）后心力衰竭大鼠心肌钙调蛋白肌质网Ca2+-ATP酶（SERCA）和受磷蛋白（PLB)的变化及卡维地洛对其干预作用。 方法： 选取AMI术后成活的雄性SD大鼠随机分为AMI组、卡维地洛组两组。给药6周后观察血流动力学参数、心室重构指标及钙调蛋白SERCA、PLB的蛋白和mRNA表达。另设正常对照组及假手术组。 结果： AMI组左室舒张末压（LVEDP）、各心室重量均显著大于假手术组，左室内压最大收缩和舒张速率（±dp/dt）显著低于假手术组；SERCA蛋白和mRNA表达显著低于假手术组（P<0.01），PLB蛋白和mRNA表达高于假手术组（P<0.01）。卡维地洛组的LVEDP、心室重量均显著低于AMI组，±dp/dt显著高于AMI组；卡维地洛治疗使SERCA蛋白和mRNA表达明显升高（P<0.05），但未能改变PLB蛋白和mRNA水平(P>0.05）。 结论： 急性心肌梗死后心力衰竭中钙调蛋白SERCA和PLB的变化可能是心肌收缩功能失调的重要机制；卡维地洛能有效地抑制大鼠AMI后心室重构并改善血流动力学，其分子机制可能与钙调蛋白SERCA含量正常化有关。     

一氧化氮合酶2抑制剂对大鼠心肌梗死后左心室形态及心功能的影响

目的：观察选择性一氧化氮合酶2（NOS2）抑制剂S-甲基硫脲（SMT）对心肌梗死（MI）后左心室形态学和血流动力学指标的影响，探讨NOS2在MI后心功能障碍形成过程中的作用。方法： 于大鼠冠状动脉结扎前30 min给予SMT灌胃，6周后测定左心室形态学和血流动力学指标、心肌NOS2表达量、血浆NO2-/NO3-水平、心肌纤维化程度。结果： MI后6周，心脏非梗死区NOS2表达量、血浆NO2-/NO3-水平、中心静脉压和左室舒张末压高于对照组。使用SMT可降低血浆NO2-/NO3-水平［(26.6±6.1） μmol/L vs （50.1±10.4） μmol/L, P＜0.01］，减少心肌梗死范围（36.0%±7.2% vs 42.6%±8.6%, P＜0.05），减轻心室扩张［LVD，（6.6±0.3） mm vs （7.2±0.3） mm, P＜0.01］，减小心肌细胞直径［(15.1±1.6） μm vs （16.9±2.3） μm, P＜0.05］，减轻心肌纤维化［CVF，4.1%±1.1% vs 5.7%±1.2%, P＜0.01］，降低中心静脉压［（0.9±0.3） mmHg vs （1.5±0.5） mmHg, P＜0.01］和左室舒张末压［（8.1±2.4） mmHg vs（13.4±3.1） mmHg, P＜0.01］，提高存活率（72.4% vs 39.3%, P＜0.05）。结论： 大鼠MI后，NOS2可能起促进心功能障碍形成的作用。抑制NOS2可以减轻心室重构，改善心功能。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞延迟整流钾通道的活性研究

目的：探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）模型大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞延迟整流钾通道（KV）活性变化。 方法： 随机将大鼠分为COPD模型组和对照组,采用香烟烟雾吸入法复制大鼠COPD模型。应用全细胞电压或电流膜片钳的方法，观察和比较正常对照大鼠与COPD模型大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞（AM）KV电流活性、膜电位和电容的差异。 结果： （1）COPD组支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中单个核细胞总数及AM细胞数均显著高于对照组(P<0.01)；（2）COPD大鼠BALF中AM细胞Kv电流幅度［（520.5±38.7） pA，+50 mV,n=30］显著低于对照组［（713.6±44.4） pA，+50 mV,n=30，P<0.01］；（3）COPD组AM细胞电容［（101.6±7.6）pF, n=42］与对照组［（97.4±1.6）pF,n=67］无显著差异(P>0.05)。但模型组AM膜电位［（-24.6±4.5） mV，n=18］负值显著低于对照组［（-37.9±6.1） mV,n=34，P<0.01］。 结论： COPD大鼠肺泡AM细胞KV功能下调，细胞膜电位负值降低，兴奋性升高。该机制可能与AM细胞促进COPD发病的形成机制有关。     

苯那普利对自发性高血压大鼠肾脏Aquaporin 2表达的影响

目的：观察苯那普利对水孔蛋白2（AQP2）表达的影响。 方法： 雄性自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）16只，8周龄，体重200-300 g，随机分成2组，每组8只，分别给予生理盐水（SHRctrl）、苯那普利（SHRben）灌胃。灌胃8周后断头取血，放免法测定血浆血管升压素（AVP）浓度。取肾脏近髓组织100 mg，RT-PCR法检测大鼠肾脏AQP2 mRNA的表达，另取相应组织以免疫组化法检测AQP2的表达情况。 结果: SHRctrl组和SHRben组大鼠药物干预前血压无明显差异，大鼠苯那普利灌胃8周后，血压明显下降，显著低于SHRctrl组大鼠血压［（112±17）mmHg vs (169±9) mmHg，P<0.05］。SHRben组大鼠肾脏AQP2 mRNA（0.48±0.11 vs 0.72±0.17，P<0.05）、AQP2蛋白表达水平（0.47±0.09 vs 0.62±0.12, P<0.05）、血浆AVP浓度［（61.79±9.19）ng/L vs (87.16±8.20)ng/L, P<0.05］均显著低于SHRctrl组。 结论： 苯那普利抑制SHR肾脏水孔蛋白2的高表达。     

急性冠脉综合征患者OX40配体表达的变化

目的： 探讨急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者外周血单核细胞表达OX40配体（OX40L）及血清可溶性OX40L（sOX40L）水平变化的临床意义。方法: 应用流式细胞术和双抗夹心酶联免疫测定法（ELISA）分别对正常对照组30例、稳定心绞痛（SA）40例（包括20例PTCA）、不稳定心绞痛（UA）50例、急性心肌梗死（AMI）30例患者血单核细胞表达OX40L及血清可溶性sOX40L水平进行检测。结果: UA组［(67.1±12.3)MFI］及AMI组［(70.2±18.3)MFI］血单核细胞表达OX40L,血清sOX40L水平［(35.7±8.4)ng/L,(38.1±10.5)ng/L］明显高于SA组［(23.1±6.7)MFI, (13.6±4.1)ng/L］和对照组［(20.8±8.1)MFI,(12.8±3.6)ng/L］。AMI患者血清sOX40L水平与UA组无明显差异,但AMI发病后24 h sOX40L有一升高峰值。PTCA后血清sOX40L明显高于PTCA前, 但血单核细胞表达OX40L无差异。结论: OX40L表达可能参与ACS的发生机制,且可能是冠脉斑块不稳定的活动性标志物。     

脓毒症后leptin对肠道功能的影响及对肝肾功能的保护作用

目的： 研究脓毒症对肝、肾功能及肠道相关酶活性的影响，探讨瘦素（leptin）在急性炎症反应中的作用。方法： 建立小鼠盲肠结扎致脓毒症模型，采用96孔分光光度法检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、尿酸（UA）和肠组织匀浆液中髓过氧化物酶（MPO）、谷胱甘肽-S转移酶（GST）、黄嘌呤氧化酶（XOD）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）等，同时以HE染色方法观察肠道组织病理学改变。结果： 脓毒症后6 h，血清UA水平［（521.92±91.86） μmol/L］明显高于假手术组［（330.12±94.15） μmol/L］，而12 h ALT［（83.55±40.44） U/L］和UA［（474.03±75.22）　μmol/L］均高于假手术组［（66.23±16.80） U/L］和［（320.95±99.14） μmol/L］。采用腹腔内注射leptin（0.1 mg/kg）和吲哚美辛（2 mg/kg），12 h时ALT和UA水平均明显低于脓毒症组（P<0.05）。此外，伴有肠道组织MPO、GST、XOD和SOD活性的改变。结论： 在脓毒症过程中，微量leptin体外注射可以发挥改善和稳定肝肾功能的明显作用，其机制可能同其影响肠道多种与自由基、巯基和嘌呤代谢相关酶的功能有关，而且吲哚美辛在一定程度上有类似的效应，但所用剂量明显高于leptin水平。     

Schizophrenia in a North Swedish geographical isolate, 1900–1977. Epidemiology, genetics and biochemistry

Over 200 schizophrenic patients belonging to three major and interrelated pedigree complexes have been investigated over the past 30 years in a North Swedish geographically isolated population, presently numbering about 6,000. An intensive investigation of a number of biochemical correlates and genetic markers in a few selected families belonging to one of the major pedigrees has indicated new strategies for the current research program.
Schizophrenia, as defined operationally, is significantly associated with decreased activities of two enzymes (1) blood platelet monoamine oxidase, (2) plasma dopamine-β-hydroxylase, and (3) with the genetic marker Gc² (group specific antigen). Both enzymes are subject to genetic variation. A positive score for linkage between schizophrenia and low plasma DBH activity has been calculated, but, so far, available data are insufficient for discrimination between linkage and partial contribution of genetically controlled low plasma DBH to the pathogenesis of the disease. Alternatively, both mechanisms could be involved.
As a model for continued research, schizophrenia is explained as based on a double dominant-recessive genotype (Aabb), representing a vulnerability which in about 50 % of cases develops into clinical schizophrenia. It is suggested that the dominant mutation (A) operates on or affects MAO activity, and that the recessive genotype (bb) is instrumental in low variates of DBH activity and very likely such variates within the normal range of physiological variation. Moreover, it is suggested that the combined effects of MAO- and DBH-reduced efficiency on the metabolism of e.g. dopamine could be an essential pathogenic mechanism for the schizophrenic illness which is segregating in this population.     

Renal dysplasia and asplenia in two sibs

A family is reported in which two sibs, one male and the other female, both died within 24 hours of birth with enlarged polycystic kidneys. Postmortem histology in the second child showed gross renal dysplasia. In both children the pancreas was enlarged, nodular and cystic but the liver appeared macroscopically normal. In the second child, histological examination confirmed pancreatic fibrosis with cystic dilation of ducts, but showed portal fibrosis with bile duct proliferation in the liver.
This combination of findings is very reminiscent of those in a girl and her brother reported by Ivemark et al. (1959). The children reported here also showed absence or hypoplasia of the spleen, cardiac anomalies and other features of the Ivemark syndrome (Ivemark 1955), a quite different, usually sporadic, congenital disorder. It is suggested that the children described here have a distinct lethal congenital disorder, probably inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.     

The dominant diseases of modernized societies as omega-3 essential fatty acid deficiency syndrome: Substrate beriberi

About 1900, modern food selection and processing caused widespread $\text{epidemics}$ of the B vitamin deficiency diseases of beriberi and pellagra which, for genetic reasons, often expressed as different diseases ranging from bowel and heart disease to dermatoses and psychoses. But the B vitamins merely help convert essential fatty acids (EFA) into the prostaglandin (PG) tissue regulators and it now turns out that, through hydrogenation, milling and selection of w3-poor southern foods, we have also been systematically depleting, by as much as 90%, a newly discovered trace Nordic EFA (w3) of special importance to primates and sole precursor of the PG3(4) series, even as a concurrent fiber deficiency increases body demand for EFA. Since substrate EFA is processed by many B vitamin catalysts, an EFA deficiency will mimic a $\text{panh}$ypovitaminosis B, i.e., a mixture of $\text{substrate}$ beriberi and $\text{substrate}$ pellagra resembling vitamin beriberi and pellagra but exhibiting as even more diverse $\text{endemic}$ disease. This would consitute a second stage of the Modern Malnutrition and explain why some workers now hold the dominant diseases of modermized societies to be new, nutritionally based, pellagraform yet lipid-related and to range, once again, from heart disease to psychosis. It is an assumption that our dominant diseases are unrelated to each other or are merely revealed by our diagnostic acumen and therapeutic success; and that hydrogenating millions of tons of food oils annually, to destroy the rancidity producing w3-EFA, is safe for $\text{primates}$. Extensive beriberiform disease is reported here in 32 typical cases taken from medical practice which responds strikingly to linseed oil supplements (60% w3-EFA) in confirmation of identical results in Capuchins.     

'Very sore nights and days': the child's experience of illness in early modern England, c.1580-1720

Sick children were ubiquitous in early modern England, and yet they have received very little attention from historians. Taking the elusive perspective of the child, this article explores the physical, emotional, and spiritual experience of illness in England between approximately 1580 and 1720. What was it like being ill and suffering pain? How did the young respond emotionally to the anticipation of death? It is argued that children’s experiences were characterised by profound ambivalence: illness could be terrifying and distressing, but also a source of emotional and spiritual fulfilment and joy. This interpretation challenges the common assumption amongst medical historians that the experiences of early modern patients were utterly miserable. It also sheds light on children’s emotional feelings for their parents, a subject often overlooked in the historiography of childhood. The primary sources used in this article include diaries, autobiographies, letters, the biographies of pious children, printed possession cases, doctors’ casebooks, and theological treatises concerning the afterlife.     

Guidelines for the Validation and Use of Immunoassays for Determination of Introduced Proteins in Biotechnology Enhanced Crops and Derived Food Ingredients

Recent advancements in agricultural biotechnology have created a need for analytical techniques to determine introduced proteins in crops enhanced through modern biotechnology techniques. These proteins are expressed in plant tissues and may be present in food ingredients. Immunoassays are ideally suited for protein detection and may be used as both quantitative and threshold methods. Microplate ELISA and lateral flow devices are two of the most commonly used immunoassay formats for agricultural biotechnology applications. This paper provides general background information and a discussion of criteria for the validation and application of immunochemical methods to the analysis of proteins introduced into plants and food ingredients using biotechnology methods. It is the result of a collaborative effort of members of the Analytical Environmental Immunochemical Consortium. This collaborative effort represents the combined expertise of several organizations to reach consensus on establishing guidelines for the validation and use of immunoassays. Further, the paper offers developers and users a consistent approach to adopting the technology as well as aid in producing accurate and meaningful results.     

HLA in North Colombia Chimila Amerindians

HLA-A,-B,-C,-DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles have been studied in Chimila Amerindians from Sabana de San Angel (North Colombian Coast) by using high resolution molecular typing. A frequent extended haplotype was found:HLA-A*24:02-B*51:10-C*15:02-BRB1*04:07-DQB1*03:02 (28.7%) which has also been described in Amerinndian Mayos Mexican population (Mexico, California Gulf, Pacific Ocean). Other haplotypes had already been found in Amerindians from Mexico (Pacific and Atlantic Coast), Peru (highlands and Amazon Basin), Bolivia and North USA. A geographic pattern according to HLA allele or haplotype frequencies is lacking in Amerindians, as already known. Also, five new extended haplotypes were found in Chimila Amerindians. Their HLA-A*24:02 high frequencies characteristic is shared with aboriginal populations of Taiwan; also, HLA-C*01:02 high frequencies are found in New Zealand Maoris, New Caledonians and Kimberly Aborigines from Australia. Finally, this study may show a model of evolutionary factors acting and rising one HLA allele frequency (-A*24:02), but not in others that belong to the same or different HLA loci.     

Ultracryotomy: development and application (with examples from the yeast cytology) (author's transl)

The preparation steps usually necessary for obtaining ultrathin frozen sections of biological material (chemical prefixation, enclosing, cryoprotective treatment, freezing, sectioning, and post-staining the sections for transmission electron microscopy) are submitted to a critical analysis. The application of cryo-ultramicrotomy, in particularly for cytochemical purposes, is reviewed. Fundamental considerations of chemical prefixation and poststaining are supported by examples from yeast cytology. Furthermore, the efficiency of the cryo-ultramicrotomy (electron optical resolution of ultrastructural details) is demonstrated on yeast cells and protoplasts.     

The universal muscular chamber. A basic unit of the genitourinary, cardiovascular, gastro-intestinal, skeletal, cutaneous, respiratory and other systems, endocameral hypertension; and spasm, the key to their idiopathic diseases and arthropathies

Starting with the integument, we see many organs are contractile sacs or multiples thereof, which tubes or bags constitute the major part of the entire body. Recognition of this basic unit and its characteristics sheds new light, individually and collectively, on many disorders previously considered unrelated. Muscular tears and perforations develop in the walls of these chambers, being no way peculiar to those organs, wherein, hydrochloric acid occurs. So, it is not necessary to explain the absence of excessive acid from patients who exhibit holes in the gastric, uterine, aortic, duodenal, rectal, pulmonary, retina, and other walls. Muscle, not acid is the great common factor relating idiopathic disorders in the gastrointestinal tract to each other and to similar diseases in other systems. When the units are linked together, the lesions tend to appear as arthropathies, i.e. at the joints. Rephrasing common-place observations, frees us from conventional, conceptual cul-de-sacs. An observation is only as good as its interpretation, so all possibilities must be considered, otherwise, we will remain blinded by our misconceptions.     

Der Einfluß von Nahrungsmitteln und Rauchen auf die klinisch-chemische Diagnostik von Phäochromozytom,Neuroblastom und Karzinoid-Syndrom

Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß von verschiedenen Nahrungsmitteln auf Methoden zur Bestimmung von Adrenalin (AD), Noradrenalin (NA), Vanillinmandelsäure (VMS), Metanephrinen (MN), Homovanillinsäure (HVS) und 5-Hydroxyindolessigsäure (5-HIE) im 24 h-Harn zur Diagnose des Phäochromozytoms bzw. Karzinoid-Syndroms wurde untersucht. Die in die Untersuchung einbezogenen Nahrungsmittel waren: Tee, Kaffee, Mandeln, Ananas, Käse, Walnüsse, Vanillepudding, Bananen, Tomaten und Milchschokolade. Außerdem wurde der Einfluß des Zigarettenrauchens auf die Bestimmung von AD, NA, VMS und MN untersucht.Walnüsse führten zu einer starken Erhöhung der 5-HIE-Ausscheidung. Bananen erhöhten die Ausscheidung von AD, NA, VMS, MN und 5-HIE. Kaffee und Ananas bewirkten eine geringe Zunahme der MN-Werte. Rauchen von 20–30 Zigaretten/Tag beeinflußte keine der vier Variablen.Wenn die beschriebenen Methoden benutzt werden, sollte lediglich auf den Verzehr von Bananen und Walnüssen vor und während der Harnsammelperioden verzichtet werden, da die oberen Normgrenzen im Harn überschritten werden könnten. Ein Verzicht auf Kaffee und Ananas in normalen Mengen ist nicht erforderlich. Es besteht kein Anlaß, weiterhin die bisherigen umfangreichen Restriktionen der übrigen Nahrungsmittel beizubehalten.