下消化道间叶源性肿瘤CT仿真内镜与病理的对照研究

目的 观察下消化道问叶源性肿瘤(GIMTs)的病理及免疫组化特点,对照研究其与CT仿真内镜(CTVE)诊断之间的关系,评价CTVE在下消化道GIMTs中的诊断价值.方法 收集74例下消化道GIMTs患者的手术病理标本,采用光镜观察其病理特点及良恶性状况,免疫组化法检测其CD117、CD34、α-平滑肌抗体(SMA)及S-100蛋白的表达,并与术前CTVE判定的病变部位及良恶性结果进行对照研究.结果 经病理及免疫组化检查,40例(54.1%)诊断为胃肠道间质瘤(GIST),其中恶性间质瘤16例(40%);33例(44.6%)诊断为平滑肌瘤;1例(1.4%)诊断为神经鞘瘤.发病部位位于空肠33例,回肠21例,大肠20例.免疫组化:CD117阳性38例,占51.4%;CD34阳性27例,占36.5%;SMA阳性46例,占62.2%,S-100阳性1例(1.4%).CTVE对病变部位准确定位69例(93.2%).其中大肠准确定位18例,符合率90.0%;空回肠准确定位51例,符合率94.4%.CTVE判断良恶性GIST的敏感性为84.2%,特异性为85.7%.结论 GIST是下消化道最常见的GIMTs,发病部位以小肠居多.CTVE能准确显示肿瘤的部位、形态、大小,可术前准确定位GIMTs,对其良恶性判断具有较高的敏感性和特异性,可为术前制定合理手术方案和治疗策略提供重要依据.

Abstract：

Objective To study the pathological and immunohistochemical features of alimentary tract mesenchymal tumors and compare with computed tomographic virtue endoscopy (CTVE) imaging technology to evaluate the diagnostic value of CTVE in alimentary tract mesenchymal tumors. Methods Seventy-four pathological specimens of alimentary tract mesenchymal tumors were collected. The pathological features and the expression of CD117, CD34, SMA and S-100 were observed by immunohistochemical method with light microscope. The pathological types and characteristics were determined by pathologists and compared with CTVE imaging technology. Results In the 74 cases of alimentary tract mesenchymal tumors,40 cases were diagnosed as stromal tumor with pathological and immunohistochemical methods (54. 1%).Sixteen of them were malignant, accounting for 40% of the stromal tumor while 33 cases were diagnosed as leiomyoma(44. 6%)and 1 case as schwannoma(1.4%) . In the 74 GIMTs cases ,33 were jejunum GIMTs,21 were ileum GIMTs and 20 were large intestine GIMTs. Immunohistochemistry assay in the 74 GIMTs cases showed that 51.4% GIMTs were positive for CD117, approximately 36. 5% were positive for CD34 , 62.2% were positive for smooth-muscle actin (SMA) and 1. 4% were positive for S-100 protein. In the 74 GIMTs cases,69 cases were diagnosed right in the accuracy for location with CTVE(93. 2%) with 51 cases in small intestinal (94. 4%) and 18 cases in large intestinal (90. 0%). The sensitivity and the specificity of CTVE to distinguish benign from malignant stromal tumors by CTVE characteristics were 84. 2% and 85. 7%respectively. Conclusions GIST is common in GIMTs and is often originated from the small intestinal. The immunohistochemistry has great value in diagnosing alimentary tract mesenchymal tumors. The CTVE imaging technology also has great value in diagnosing alimentary tract mesenchymal tumors which can show the localization, shape size and artery of the tumor clearly. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of CTVE are high to distinguish benign from malignant alimentary tract GISTs. CTVE plays an important role in guiding the clinical management of GISTs.     

下消化道间叶源性肿瘤CT仿真内镜与病理的对照研究

目的 观察下消化道问叶源性肿瘤(GIMTs)的病理及免疫组化特点,对照研究其与CT仿真内镜(CTVE)诊断之间的关系,评价CTVE在下消化道GIMTs中的诊断价值.方法 收集74例下消化道GIMTs患者的手术病理标本,采用光镜观察其病理特点及良恶性状况,免疫组化法检测其CD117、CD34、α-平滑肌抗体(SMA)及S-100蛋白的表达,并与术前CTVE判定的病变部位及良恶性结果进行对照研究.结果 经病理及免疫组化检查,40例(54.1%)诊断为胃肠道间质瘤(GIST),其中恶性间质瘤16例(40%);33例(44.6%)诊断为平滑肌瘤;1例(1.4%)诊断为神经鞘瘤.发病部位位于空肠33例,回肠21例,大肠20例.免疫组化:CD117阳性38例,占51.4%;CD34阳性27例,占36.5%;SMA阳性46例,占62.2%,S-100阳性1例(1.4%).CTVE对病变部位准确定位69例(93.2%).其中大肠准确定位18例,符合率90.0%;空回肠准确定位51例,符合率94.4%.CTVE判断良恶性GIST的敏感性为84.2%,特异性为85.7%.结论 GIST是下消化道最常见的GIMTs,发病部位以小肠居多.CTVE能准确显示肿瘤的部位、形态、大小,可术前准确定位GIMTs,对其良恶性判断具有较高的敏感性和特异性,可为术前制定合理手术方案和治疗策略提供重要依据.     

下消化道间叶源性肿瘤CT仿真内镜与病理的对照研究

目的 观察下消化道问叶源性肿瘤(GIMTs)的病理及免疫组化特点,对照研究其与CT仿真内镜(CTVE)诊断之间的关系,评价CTVE在下消化道GIMTs中的诊断价值.方法 收集74例下消化道GIMTs患者的手术病理标本,采用光镜观察其病理特点及良恶性状况,免疫组化法检测其CD117、CD34、α-平滑肌抗体(SMA)及S-100蛋白的表达,并与术前CTVE判定的病变部位及良恶性结果进行对照研究.结果 经病理及免疫组化检查,40例(54.1%)诊断为胃肠道间质瘤(GIST),其中恶性间质瘤16例(40%);33例(44.6%)诊断为平滑肌瘤;1例(1.4%)诊断为神经鞘瘤.发病部位位于空肠33例,回肠21例,大肠20例.免疫组化:CD117阳性38例,占51.4%;CD34阳性27例,占36.5%;SMA阳性46例,占62.2%,S-100阳性1例(1.4%).CTVE对病变部位准确定位69例(93.2%).其中大肠准确定位18例,符合率90.0%;空回肠准确定位51例,符合率94.4%.CTVE判断良恶性GIST的敏感性为84.2%,特异性为85.7%.结论 GIST是下消化道最常见的GIMTs,发病部位以小肠居多.CTVE能准确显示肿瘤的部位、形态、大小,可术前准确定位GIMTs,对其良恶性判断具有较高的敏感性和特异性,可为术前制定合理手术方案和治疗策略提供重要依据.     

265例胃肠道间叶源性肿瘤的临床病理特征及超声内镜诊断价值

目的探讨胃肠道间叶源性肿瘤（gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumor,GIMT）的临床病理特征及超声内镜（edoscopic ultrasonography,EUS）的诊断价值.方法观察265例GIMT病理特征并检测CD117、CD34、平滑肌肌动蛋白（SMA）、S-100、Ki-67等抗体的表达情况,确诊后回顾其中32例术前EUS检查结果.结果 265例GIMT中胃肠道间质瘤（gastrointestinal stromal tumor,GIST）146例,平滑肌（肉）瘤（leiomyoma or leiomyosarcoma）113例,神经源性肿瘤6例.免疫组化结果：GIST以CD117阳性132/146（90.4%）和CD34阳性109/146（74.7%）为主,SMA和S-100分别在平滑肌（肉）瘤和神经鞘膜瘤中强阳性表达,9例GIST中7例Ki-67阳性且伴较多有丝分裂,病理诊断为交界性或恶性GIST.交界性、恶性GIST多见于男性患者.EUS对GIST、平滑肌瘤的定位准确率为96.9%,诊断准确率84.4%,良恶性鉴别准确率71.9%.结论 GIMT主要为GIST.形态上类似的GIST与平滑肌瘤及神经鞘膜瘤区别可用CD117、CD34、SMA、S-100等多种免疫组化标记物.联用Ki-67表达和有丝分裂数判断间质瘤的良恶性的敏感性、特异性高.EUS对于GIMT的诊断及良恶性鉴别有一定的应用价值,结合EUS引导下细针穿刺（EUS-FNA）活检是未来的诊断选择.     

上消化道间叶源性肿瘤的内镜超声与病理诊断的对照研究

,特异性达93.8%.结论 上消化道GIMTs在胃以间质瘤为多见,EUS显示多起源于固有肌层;在食管以平滑肌瘤为多见,EUS显示多起源于黏膜肌层.根据EUS声像图特征判断上消化道间质瘤良恶性具有较高的敏感性和特异性.对GIMTs 临床处置具有重要的指导作用.     

内镜下黏膜剥离术切除胃肠道黏膜下肿瘤的超声与病理对照研究

目的 探讨经内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)的消化道黏膜下肿瘤(SMTs)的超声及临床特征。方法 回顾分析了该院经ESD切除的172例SMTs的临床资料,通过术前EUS和术后病理比较,了解消化道SMTs在不同部位发病率及EUS对SMTs的诊断准确度,分析消化道不同部位SMTs的病理构成,以及EUS对胃肠道间质瘤(GIST)与平滑肌瘤以及其他良性SMTs的鉴别要点。结果 超声内镜(EUS)诊断SMTs的整体符合率为69.2%,其中食管,胃,直肠的诊断符合率分别为75.8%,59.8%,85.7%。ESD切除的SMTs在胃内以GIST为主(54.3%),食管以平滑肌瘤为主(84.8%),直肠以神经内分泌瘤为主(85.6%)。GIST与平滑肌瘤等良性病变可通过常见发生部位,来源层次及EUS下回声特点进行鉴别。结论 消化道各部位有其好发的SMTs, EUS对消化道SMTs具有较高的诊断价值。消化道SMTs以GIST及平滑肌瘤为主,两者的鉴别仍存在一定困难。     

微探头超声对上消化道间叶源性肿瘤的诊断价值探讨

目的 探讨微探头超声对上消化道间叶源性肿瘤(GIMT)的诊断价值.方法 回顾分析38例进行微探头超声检查的GIMT患者的EUS特征,并将检查结果与术后病理结果进行对照.结果 38例GIMT患者EUS诊断间质瘤25例,平滑肌瘤11例,平滑肌肉瘤2例.病理组织学及免疫组织化学检查后确诊间质瘤28例,其中中、高度恶性间质瘤6例;平滑肌瘤8例,平滑肌肉瘤1例,神经纤维瘤1例.EUS诊断准确率达89%.结论 EUS能较好鉴别GIMT与其它黏膜下肿瘤,是目前诊断黏膜下肿瘤较为准确有方法.     

上消化道间叶源性肿瘤临床病理特征46例

目的:观察上消化道间叶源性肿瘤(GIMTs)的临床病理及免疫组化特征,探讨其临床诊断及处置策略.方法:46例内镜超声检查拟诊为上消化道间质瘤的病例,采用光镜观察其手术或黏膜切除术(EMR)标本的病理特征,免疫组化检测其CD117,CD34,平滑肌抗体(SMA)和S-100的表达状况,并分析其病理诊断与临床的关系.结果:46例GIMTs中食管肿瘤占24例,其中间质瘤5例(20.8%),平滑肌瘤19例(79.2%);22例胃GIMTs中间质瘤20例(90.9%),平滑肌瘤1例,神经鞘瘤1例.25例上消化道间质瘤中CD117阳性21例(84%)、CD34阳性24例(96%).而平滑肌瘤与神经鞘瘤分别仅表达SMA和S-100.结论:上消化道间叶源性肿瘤光镜下病理特征相似,联合检测CD117,CD34,SMA和S-100等免疫组化标记物可区别上消化道GIMTs.在食管以平滑肌瘤多见;而在胃则以间质瘤多见,平滑肌瘤与神经鞘瘤非常少见.     

CT仿真内镜与电子内镜诊断胃肠道疾病的对照研究

目的对比分析CT仿真内镜(CTVE)与电子内镜对胃肠道疾病的诊断价值。方法对84例可疑胃肠道疾病患者行CTVE检查,同时行电子胃镜或电子结肠镜检查,其中47例经内镜及手术病理证实,24例经内镜下病理活检确定诊断。结果84例中胃癌17例,结直肠癌48例,以手术及病理确诊为标准,内镜和CTVE对肿瘤的诊断符合率均为98.46%(64/65),CTVE还检出胃肠外转移病灶29例;内镜下检出结直肠息肉20例,其中CTVE检出15例,符合率为75%;CTVE对炎症性肠病及溃疡性病变的检出率为40%(2/5)。结论CTVE是一种无创的胃肠道检查新技术,对于胃肠道肿瘤的诊断与电子内镜同样有高度敏感性,并能完整显示胃肠道及肠外病灶,但对于小息肉的敏感性不高,对炎症性及扁平病灶的检出率相对较低。     

食管间叶瘤的内镜、病理和免疫组化特点

胃肠道间叶瘤(gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors, GIMT)中典型的平滑肌瘤少见,以间质瘤(gastrointestinal stromal tumors,GIST)为主。后者有恶性倾向。食管是否亦存在原发性GIST、是否以GIST为主及是否有恶性倾向,正日益受到临床关注。     

胶囊内镜和CT仿真内镜诊断小肠疾病的对照研究

目的评价胶囊内镜和cT仿真内镜（CTVE）在小肠病变诊断方面的临床应用价值。方法回顾性总结3l例临床怀疑小肠疾病行胶囊内镜和CTVE检查患者的临床资料,参照最终诊断结果（手术病例以病理诊断为金标准,非手术病例依据后续检查及随访结果给出最终诊断）统计胶囊内镜、CTVE以及二者联合的诊断阳性率并行对比分析。结果最终诊断阳性26例,包括小肠肿瘤性病变16例、非肿瘤性病变10例,阴性5例。胶囊内镜诊断阳性24例,包括小肠肿瘤性病变14例（其中2例定位不准确,7例不能定性）和非肿瘤性病变10例;CTVE诊断阳性17例,包括小肠肿瘤性病变14例（其中1例定位不准确,4例不能定性）和非肿瘤性病变3例;胶囊内镜联合CTVE诊断阳性26例,包括小肠肿瘤性病变16例、非肿瘤性病变10例。对于小肠肿瘤性病变,胶囊内镜和CTVE诊断阳性率相同,均为87．5％（14／16）;而在总体诊断阳性率方面,胶囊内镜为77．4％（24／31）,CTVE为54．8％（17／31）,胶囊内镜联合CT仿真内镜为83．9％（26／31）,二者联合总体诊断阳性率明显高于CTVE（P=0．004）,但与胶囊内镜比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,胶囊内镜与CTVE比较差异也无统计学意义（P=0．065）。结论胶囊内镜和CTVE均有助于小肠疾病的诊断,胶囊内镜在诊断小肠非肿瘤性病变方面更有优势,而CTVE在判断小肠肿瘤性病变的位置和结构方面优于胶囊内镜,二者联合使用可进一步提高检出小肠疾病的能力。     

Enhanced CT and CT virtual endoscopy in diagnosis of heterotopic pancreas

AIM:To improve the diagnosis of heterotopic pancreas by the use of contrastenhanced computed tomography(CT)imaging and CT virtual endoscopy(CTVE).METHODS:A total of six patients with heterotopic pancreas,as confirmed by clinical pathology and immunohistochemistry in the Sixth Affiliated People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,China,were included.Nonenhanced CT and enhanced CT scanning were performed,and the resulting images were reviewed and analyzed using threedimensional postprocessing...     

内镜治疗并发胃肠道出血的预防与处理

目的:探讨内镜介入微创治疗消化道疾病并发出血的原因及预防和处理措施.方法:分析42例内镜治疗术并发出血的原因,比较不同治疗方法出血后的处理措施、安全性和有效性.结果:在13 516例检查内镜中有1 089例治疗内镜,其中氩气刀治疗术(APC)392例,并发出血3例,出血率0.8%;橡皮圈套扎术36例,并发出血4例,出血...     

Advanced diagnostic endoscopy in the lower gastrointestinal tract: A review of JGES core sessions

At each of the 89th to the 92nd congresses of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society, a series of featured discussion sessions concerning advanced diagnostic endoscopy in the lower gastrointestinal tract were presented. In total, 45 lectures were presented in this subject area. It was shown that, in recent years, several convenient and less invasive colonoscopic modalities have been developed. This review article summarizes these core sessions and the efficacy of the techniques discussed.     

Upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy in children and adolescents with Crohn''s disease: A prospective study

Fifty-six children and adolescents with Crohn's disease were prospectively investigated with gastroscopy and colonoscopy irrespective of localizing symptoms or signs. Routine biopsies were taken from endoscopically normal and abnormal areas. A high incidence (71%) of upper gastrointestinal (GI) involvement was found. In 41%, these findings were instrumental in making the diagnosis. The ileum was viewed in 49 of the 56 cases. Overall, the upper GI tract was involved in 71%, the terminal ileum in 53%, and the colon in 86% (oesophagus 16%, body of stomach 46%, antrum 36%, duodenum 21%, terminal ileum 53%, caecum 69%, transverse colon 71%, sigmoid 60% and rectum 41%). Upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy with systematic biopsies should be performed early in the diagnostic assessment of children and adolescents with suspected inflammatory bowel disease to enable accurate diagnosis and assessment of extent of disease.     

Biphasic radiologic examination and endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract. A comparative study

In this prospective, blind study we compare the diagnostic results of endoscopy with a biphasic radiologic examination with drug-induced hypotony in gastric malignancy, peptic ulcer, and reflux esophagitis. Two hundred fourteen patients underwent both examinations within a week. Both disciplines detected seven malignant tumors. Twenty-three peptic ulcers were found by both; in addition, each diagnosed another ulcer. Fourteen ulcer scars were diagnosed by both; endoscopy demonstrated 10 additional scars and radiology 1. The radiologic examination detected 7 of the 37 cases of endoscopically diagnosed cases of mild reflux esophagitis, 4 of the 7 moderate cases, and 7 of 8 severe ones. A state-of-the-art radiologic examination represents an adequate initial examination in the dyspeptic patient. If the complaints suggest reflux esophagitis, the clinician has to choose between treatment and endoscopy.