原发心脏弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤一例并文献复习

目的:探讨原发心脏弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）的临床特征、诊疗及预后。方法:回顾性分析安徽医科大学第一附属医院2018年11月收治的1例原发心脏DLBCL伴房室传导阻滞患者的诊疗经过,并复习相关文献。结果:患者,女性,48岁,初期临床表现为反复活动后胸闷、气喘,后突发晕厥,行心脏肿瘤切除术+双腔起搏器植入术,术后病理提示DLBCL,予以R-CHOP方案化疗8次。随访至截稿前,患者病情处于稳定状态。结论:原发心脏DLBCL恶性程度高,病情进展迅速,临床表现缺乏特异性,多通过尸检或术后病理发现;治疗上以化疗联合放疗为主,手术辅助治疗;总体预后不佳。     

原发气管弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤一例并文献复习

目的:探讨原发气管弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）的临床特点、实验室检查、治疗及预后。方法:回顾性分析郑州大学第一附属医院收治的l例原发气管DLBCL合并干燥综合征（SS）患者的临床资料,并结合文献进行复习。结果:该患者明确诊断为DLBCL（非生发中心B细胞型）,Ⅰ期,低危组,国际预后指数（IPI）评分0分;SS。给予R-CHOP方案化疗2个周期后达到部分缓解,4个周期后达到完全缓解,共予6个周期化疗及1次局部放疗。随访24个月,患者一般情况尚可,临床无不适主诉,PET-CT未发现代谢异常细胞。结论:原发气管DLBCL非常少见,发病原因可能与SS等自身免疫性疾病有关,临床表现无特异性,易误诊,诊断主要靠病理学检查,治疗主要包括气管镜下治疗等手术治疗、联合放化疗等,预后可能与临床分期、IPI评分、肿瘤细胞来源及治疗等有关。     

继发性肺弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤一例并文献复习

目的 提高对继发性肺淋巴瘤的认识.方法 报道滨州医学院烟台附属医院1例继发性肺弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤患者的诊治经过,并对该病的影像学表现、 发病率及治疗进行文献复习.结果 该患者初诊为弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤,治疗半年后肺CT示右肺下叶及肺门区多发团块灶,肺穿刺活组织检查诊断为继发性肺弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤,给予二线方案R-EDOCH治疗有效.结论 继发性肺淋巴瘤比较少见,临床医师应提高警惕,早期诊断、早期治疗.     

气管原发弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤一例并文献复习

目的 探讨结外弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)的临床特点、实验室检查、治疗措施以及肿瘤细胞来源与预后的关系.方法 回顾性分析兰州军区兰州总医院收治的1例气管原发DLBCL患者的病例资料,对该患者国际预后指数(IPI)评分、美国东部肿瘤协作组(ECOG)评分、Ann Arbor分期、肿瘤细胞来源、乳酸脱氢酶水平、有无骨髓侵犯、有无乙型肝炎等方面进行分析,并复习相关文献.结果 该患者明确诊断为Ⅳ期高危组DLBCL,IPI评分4分,合并乙型肝炎,给予R-CHOP方案联合化疗效果不佳.结论 原发于气管的DLBCL较为罕见,预后不良.     

血管内大B细胞淋巴瘤一例并文献复习

目的:提高对血管内大B细胞淋巴瘤（IVLBCL）的认识。方法:报道莆田学院附属医院2020年5月收治的1例IVLBCL患者的治疗情况,并复习相关文献。结果:患者,女性,74岁。以头晕、食欲减退、乏力就诊,全身浅表淋巴结无肿大,经骨髓穿刺活组织检查病理证实为IVLBCL,予R-CHOP方案联合腰椎穿刺鞘内注射预防中枢神经系统复发,达完全缓解。结论:IVLBCL罕见,临床表现不典型,早期诊断和治疗可明显提高IVLBCL的疗效。     

骨骼肌弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤误诊为肌肉脓肿一例并文献复习

目的 探讨骨骼肌弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤的诊治方法.方法 报道1 例骨骼肌弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤误诊为肌肉脓肿的诊疗过程,并结合文献进行分析.结果 该例患者初诊为肌肉脓肿,切开引流后病情持续不愈,病理证实为弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤,化疗后症状减轻.结论 原发骨骼肌淋巴瘤临床少见,易误诊,磁共振成像具有一定特异性,最终确诊依靠病理检查,当临床表现与诊断不符时需进一步拓宽诊断思路.     

原发性脾弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤一例并文献复习

目的 探讨原发性脾弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)的临床病理学特征及治疗策略.方法 回顾性分析1例原发性脾DLBCL患者的临床资料及病理切片,并复习相关文献.结果 患者主要表现为左上腹疼痛,无发热及浅表淋巴结肿大,CT证实脾多发占位性病变伴脾门多发肿大淋巴结.行脾、胰尾切除术,病理确诊为DLBCL,免疫分型为生发中心B细胞型.外周血和骨髓检查结果正常.脾切除术后给予联合化疗,随访1年处于完全缓解期.结论 原发性脾DLBCL罕见,患者早期无明显症状,手术探查是早期诊断的首选方法,病理学检查是诊断金标准.治疗首选脾切除术,术后辅助化疗及放疗可以提高患者生存率.     

R2-CHOP方案治疗肠切除弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤一例并文献复习

目的:探讨R2-CHOP（来那度胺+利妥昔单抗+环磷酰胺+长春地辛+表柔比星+地塞米松）方案治疗肠切除弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）的效果及安全性。方法:回顾性分析江苏省泰兴市人民医院2020年11月收治的1例小肠DLBCL患者治疗经过,并复习相关文献。结果:该患者为原发性小肠DLBCL,接受R2-CHOP方案和R2-ECHOP（R2-CHOP+依托泊苷）方案化疗各1个疗程后,疗效良好,颈部、肺门及纵隔淋巴结缩小,其余淋巴结未见增大,且未出现严重不良反应。结论:R2-CHOP方案是非生发中心型c-myc阳性DLBCL的有效治疗方案,可提高缓解率、总生存率,延长无进展生存期,且无明显不良反应。     

复发难治弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤患者接受polatuzumab vedotin同情用药一例并文献复习

目的:探讨polatuzumab vedotin（pola）治疗复发难治弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）患者的效果和安全性。方法:回顾性分析2016年5月江苏省肿瘤医院收治的1例多次接受治疗的DLBCL患者的临床资料,并进行文献复习。结果:该患者为57岁男性,2016年5月诊断为DLBCL,从2016年6月起接受包括抗CD20单抗联合化疗、仅化疗以及嵌合抗原受体T细胞（CAR-T）等在内的四线治疗,但治疗后均复发或进展。于2019年12月起接受pola联合利妥昔单抗6个疗程治疗,治疗过程中无非预期不良反应。治疗结束后临床疗效评价为完全缓解。随访截至2021年1月,患者无进展生存时间超过13个月。结论:pola在复发难治DLBCL患者的治疗中初步显示了良好的有效性和安全性。     

Tumoral angiogenesis: review of the literature

Tumoral angiogenesis is necessary for the growth of neoplasms and the production of metastasis. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a homodimeric heparin-binding glycoprotein that binds to VEGF-receptors and can induce endothelial cell mitosis, invasion, and eventually capillary tube formation. Bevacizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against VEGF, inhibits tumoral angiogenesis and may also improve the delivery of chemotherapy to the tumor mass. Some new antiangiogenic agents, called multi-kinase inhibitors (sorafenib and sunitinib), have also activity against other receptors, such as epidermal growth factor-receptor or platelet-derived growth factor-receptor. A new schedule of treatment (metronomic chemotherapy) also has antiangiogenic activity.     

A literature review of adolescence and cancer

Cancer is a relatively rare phenomenon in adolescents and a traumatic experience which arouses feelings of anger, anxiety, fear and sadness. For the adolescent with cancer, there are missed opportunities, not only in daily life but also through lost social events such as dances or football games with friends. Adolescent cancer patients may understand the implications of the diagnosis of cancer but lack the personal resources or life event experience which could equip them to cope and make sense of the many potential problems which may accompany cancer. This paper reviews and explores the literature associated with the adolescent with cancer.     

Spermatic cord sarcoma--case report and review of literature

Spermatic cord sarcoma is often misdiagnosed by the urologists due to its rarity. One patient with fibroliposarcoma of the spermatic cord and brief review on the diagnosis, critical analysis of the biologic behavior and the therapeutic approach are presented. The authors suggest that the regimen for this lesion be made upon the tumor cell type and the pathologic grade after radical orchiectomy.     

Treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer: literature review]

The conventional radiotherapy and the associated treatments improved the prognostic of nasopharyngeal cancer. A better selection of the patients who must have a more aggressive treatment also probably contributed to this improvement. Even if a relation could be found between the locoregional relapse rate and the distant relapse rate, these two events remain often independent. It results from it that the improvement of local control rate necessarily does not result in a better control of the disease. The patients with a locally advanced tumor, with or not an invasion of the base of the skull and/or neurological symptoms, must have an aggressive locally treatment. This probably includes the increase in dose delivered to the tumor via a more conformational radiotherapy, a brachytherapy, radiotherapy in stereotaxic conditions or other techniques. Dose within the tumor must be at least 70 Gy and the prophylactic nodal dose, at least 50 Gy. CT scan and MRI are essential for delineating the volumes of interest. The protocols of hyperfractionated radiotherapy did not give convincing results. Association with chemotherapy allowed, on the other hand, an improvement of the prognostic locally advanced cancers. Neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy was largely used to attempt to limit the risks of systemic dissemination, but an improvement of results was not clearly demonstrated. An improvement of the rates of survival and control of the disease, on the other hand, was observed in a certain number of studies with the chemoradiotherapy. In the event of locoregional relapse, an aggressive attitude can allow the control of the disease in the absence of systemic dissemination. Salvage treatments are, however, disappointing for when distant relapse occurs which suggests a difference in chemosensitivity between primary tumor and metastasis.     

副脊索瘤一例报告并文献综述

目的介绍一种罕见软组织肿瘤-副脊索瘤的临床、病理特点及治疗原则。方法我院收治一位60岁女性患者，右足跖骨间软组织肿瘤。临床经X线、CT、MRI等检查，确定肿瘤位于右足第2、3列跖骨之间累及跖骨。穿刺活检报告提示软组织低度恶性肿瘤，组织学诊断考虑副脊索瘤可能。遂行肿瘤广泛切除，同时切除右足第2、3列跖骨、趾骨。结果术后大标本病理检查，HE染色肿瘤分叶状富含黏液，细胞呈梭形及星形，细胞核轻度异型性。免疫组化结果：Vim（＋＋），SMA（＋＋），Actin（＋），S-100（＋），Ki-67（＋），Collagen—Ⅱ（＋），Syn（-），CK（-），34βE12（-）。最终病理论断副脊索瘤。结论副脊索瘤是一种罕见的软组织肿瘤，其临床表现及影像学无明显特异性，需要病理常规染色及免疫组化染色与脊索瘤和黏液样软骨肉瘤鉴别。其治疗方法主要以手术治疗为主，手术需要外科边界达到广泛切除，术后仍可能局部复发，少数出现转移。     

气管内神经鞘瘤--附1例报道及文献复习

目的　探讨气管内神经鞘瘤的临床病理学特点 ,为临床治疗提供依据。方法　应用光镜、免疫组化染色法对 1例气管内神经鞘瘤的手术切除标本进行观察。结果　气管内神经鞘瘤有或无包膜 ,组织学特点与其它部位相似 ,免疫组化染色显示S10 0 蛋白强阳性、Vimentin阳性。结论　气管内神经鞘瘤较罕见 ,临床易误诊 ,对无包膜者手术切除范围应略扩大。