丹酚酸B对糖尿病肾病患者肾损害的影响

糖尿病肾病的发生和发展与机体氧化应激反应和细胞的自噬作用相关。丹酚酸B可以通过影响p62和微管相关蛋白1轻链3(LC3)的调控机制影响肾脏组织的自噬活性;丹酚酸B可以通过上调Sirt1的水平而增加LC3的活性,促进细胞的自噬作用,及时清除损伤的细胞内成分,从而改善肾损害。该文对国内外关于糖尿病肾病的发生和发展机制、细胞自噬水平那个的调节及丹酚酸的药理作用的研究结果进行综述。     

丹酚酸B在心肌细胞和血管内皮细胞内的摄取特性

目的： 研究丹参水溶性成分丹酚酸B在心肌细胞和血管内皮细胞中的摄取特性。方法： 考察时间、温度、药物浓度、介质pH等因素对心肌细胞和血管内皮细胞摄取丹酚酸B的影响,采用 LC/MS测定细胞内丹酚酸B的浓度。结果： 心肌细胞和血管内皮细胞在37 ℃和4 ℃条件下对丹酚酸 B的摄取符合对数模型,细胞摄取量与细胞外药物浓度成正比并随介质pH的减小而显著增加,同时丹参中其他水溶性成分明显促进丹酚酸B的摄取,使其摄取量增加30%以上。细胞能量代谢抑制剂能显著抑制丹酚酸B在心肌细胞和内皮细胞中的摄取。在温孵药液中加入乳酸和脂肪酸,心肌细胞和血管内皮细胞对丹酚酸B的摄取均增加20%以上。结论： pH是影响丹酚酸B摄取的主要因素,酸性介质促进了丹酚酸B 在心肌细胞和血管内皮细胞中的摄取,提示心肌缺血等心血管疾病造成的内环境酸度增加能明显提高心肌细胞和血管内皮细胞对丹酚酸B的摄取,更好地发挥其心血管活性。     

丹酚酸B的心血管药理研究进展

丹酚酸B是传统中药丹参水溶性提取物中含量最高的有效成分。研究表明,丹酚酸B对动脉粥样硬化、心肌梗死、心肌缺血再灌注损伤、高血压、血栓等心血管疾病具有保护作用。本文对丹酚酸B在心血管疾病方面的药理作用、分子机制及其药代动力学特征的最新研究进展进行总结,为丹酚酸B及其相关丹参制剂的进一步研究和应用提供基础。     

丹酚酸B对人喉癌Hep-2细胞增殖、凋亡及侵袭转移能力的影响及机制研究

目的研究丹酚酸B对人喉癌Hep-2细胞增殖、凋亡及侵袭转移能力的影响,并探讨其作用机制。方法运用CCK-8检测丹酚酸B对人喉癌Hep-2细胞增殖活性的影响。运用流式细胞仪检测丹酚酸B对人喉癌Hep-2细胞凋亡率的影响。划痕实验检测丹酚酸B对人喉癌Hep-2细胞迁移能力的影响。Transwell侵袭实验比较丹酚酸B对人喉癌Hep-2细胞侵袭转移能力的影响。Western blot法检测丹酚酸B对人喉癌Hep-2细胞PI₃K、Akt、Bcl-2蛋白表达水平的影响。结果CCK-8法发现丹酚酸B能抑制人喉癌Hep-2细胞增殖,其作用呈浓度依赖性。流式细胞术分析发现丹酚酸B能诱导人喉癌Hep-2细胞发生凋亡。划痕实验发现丹酚酸B能抑制人喉癌Hep-2细胞的迁移能力。Transwell实验发现丹酚酸B能抑制人喉癌Hep-2细胞的体外侵袭能力。Western blot法检测发现测丹酚酸B能有效降低人喉癌Hep-2细胞PI₃K、Akt、Bcl-2蛋白表达水平。结论丹酚酸B在体外能够有效抑制人喉癌Hep-2细胞增殖,诱导细胞凋亡,同时抑制喉癌细胞的体外侵袭转移能力。其作用可能与下调PI₃K、Akt、Bcl-2蛋白表达水平相关。     

丹参多种活性成分调节血管新生机制的研究概述

[目的]探讨丹参多种活性成分对血管新生的调节机制,为丹参防治肿瘤、动脉粥样硬化、缺血性心脏病等血管新生异常引起的相关疾病奠定基础。[方法]从血管新生的相关机制出发,查阅近10年国内外文献,分析总结多种丹参活性成分对内皮细胞、离体肿瘤细胞以及体内移植瘤的血管新生的调节机制。[结果]丹参的众多活性成分中,丹参酮IIA、丹酚酸B、隐丹参酮、二氢丹参酮I能促进或抑制血管新生。但调节血管新生的机制研究主要集中在丹参酮IIA、丹酚酸B,表现在调节VEGF、bFGF等促血管新生因子、MMPs、HIF-α、PI3K/AKT/eNOS通路等几方面。并且,丹酚酸B和丹参酮IIA对血管新生的调节具有双向性。[结论]丹参的多种活性成分,可作为一种血管新生调节剂,为防治血管新生异常引起的相关疾病提供新的思路。     

丹酚酸B介导AMPK活化加剧氧化应激诱导的甲状腺癌细胞凋亡和自噬

【摘要】 目的 探讨丹酚酸B对氧化应激诱导的甲状腺癌细胞凋亡和自噬的影响。 方法 选择不同浓度的丹酚酸B处理甲状腺癌TPC-1和甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞Nthy-ori 3-1细胞,24 h后CCK8检测细胞存活率;选择无显著毒性的剂量 (2.5、5、10 μg/mL) 进行后续实验,流式细胞术检测细胞内活性氧（ROS）水平和细胞凋亡;蛋白印迹法检测细胞内和线粒体内细胞色素C以及凋亡、自噬相关蛋白的表达水平;免疫荧光检测LC3的水平;此外,在细胞中加入腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶（AMPK）抑制剂Compound C (50 nM) 后,将细胞随机分为对照组、丹酚酸B 10 μg/mL组、Compound C组、Compound C+丹酚酸B 10μg/mL组,〖JP2〗流式细胞术检测细胞内ROS水平和细胞凋亡;蛋白印迹法检测AMPK相关蛋白和自噬相关蛋白的表达。结果 TPC-1 和Nthy-ori 3-1细胞的存活率以丹酚酸B浓度依赖的方式降低,丹酚酸B浓度超过20 μg/mL时,TPC-1细胞的存活率显著降低（P＜0.05）;当丹酚酸B浓度超过40 μg/mL时,Nthy-ori 3-1细胞的存活率显著降低（P＜0.05）。与对照组相比,经5、10 μg/mL丹酚酸B预处理后,TPC-1细胞内的ROS水平、凋亡率、Bax、Cleaved caspase 3、Beclin1和细胞质中Cyto C的蛋白表达水平、LC3的水平、AMPK磷酸化水平、LC3 II/LC3-I 的比值均显著升高（P＜0.05）;Bcl-2、P62和线粒体中Cyto-C的蛋白表达水平均显著降低（P＜0.05）。与对照组相比,丹酚酸B 10 μg/mL组AMPK磷酸化水平、LC3 II/LC3 I比值、ROS水平、细胞凋亡率均显著升高（P＜0.05）;Compound C组AMPK磷酸化水平,LC3-II/LC3-I比值、ROS水平、细胞凋亡率均显著降低（P＜0.05）。与Compound C组比较,Compound C+丹酚酸B 10 μg/mL组AMPK磷酸化水平、LC3-II/LC3-I 的比值、ROS水平、细胞凋亡率均显著升高（P＜0.05）。结论 5、 10 μg/mL的丹酚酸B可通过介导的AMPK活化加剧氧化应激诱导的甲状腺癌细胞的凋亡和自噬,以10 μg/mL的丹酚酸B效果最佳。     

丹酚酸B对肝癌细胞的体外抑制作用及基本机制

目的 观察丹酚酸B对小鼠肝癌细胞hepa1-6的抑制作用及其基本机制.方法 以hepa1-6细胞培养为体外模型,用MTT法检测丹酚酸B对hepa1-6细胞的细胞毒作用,然后以Annexin V法用流式细胞仪检测丹酚酸B诱导hepa1-6细胞死亡的机制,以荧光定量PCR法检测丹酚酸B对hepa1-6细胞凋亡相关基因Bc1-2和BaxmRNA水平的影响.结果 丹酚酸B在12.5ug/ml以上对hepa1-6细胞有明显的细胞毒作用,其TC50为31.9ug/ml.在25-50ug/ml之间,诱导hepal-6细胞凋亡率为27.58％～74.26％,在37.5ug/ml浓度时可以使抑制凋亡基因Bc1-2mRNA显著降低,使促进凋亡基因BaxmRNA显著升高.结论 丹酚酸B对小鼠肝癌细胞hepa1-6具有显著体外抑制作用,其机制主要是诱导细胞凋亡.     

丹酚酸B对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠纹状体氨基酸类神经递质的影响

目的 研究丹酚酸B对大鼠脑缺血再灌注(I/R)后缺血侧纹状体氨基酸类神经递质的影响,探讨丹酚酸B的脑保护作用机制.方法 采用LONGA EZ法制备SD大鼠大脑中动脉栓塞(MCAO)模型.造模当天(第1天)腹腔注射丹酚酸B 1 mg/kg和丹酚酸B 10 mg/kg,每天1次,连续28 d.分别于给药第3天和第28天收...     

丹参中丹酚酸B的提取工艺研究

丹参水溶性有效成分多具有酚酸性结构,主要由丹参素,丹酚酸A、B、C、D、E等含酚羟基的化合物构成,其中丹酚酸B的量最高,为3个分子丹参素与1个分子咖啡酸缩合而成,是丹参发挥疗效作用的主要物质之一。目前研究较多的有总丹酚酸(totalsalvianolic acid)、丹酚酸A(salvianolic acid A)和丹酚酸B(salvianolic acid B)[1]。本实验针对丹酚酸B对热的不稳定性,本实验比较了水提法、超声提取法和闪式破碎提取法处理丹参样品,为进一步优化丹酚酸B的提取条件提供参考。1仪器与试剂日本岛津LC—2010A高效液相色谱仪,KQ—300VDE超声提取器(昆山…     

丹酚酸B对缺氧复氧诱导H9c2心肌细胞损伤的保护作用机制研究

目的 观察丹酚酸B(Sal B)对H9c2心肌细胞缺氧复氧(hypoxia-reoxygenation,H/R)损伤的保护作用,并探讨其可能的作用机制.方法 首先构建H9c2心肌细胞缺氧复氧模型,采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法研究丹酚酸B与H9c2心肌细胞活力的量效关系,确定丹酚酸B的保护作用,给药方式为预给药.实验分为正常对照组、丹酚酸B组、模型组(H/R组)、H/R+丹酚酸B组,分别检测各组乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、活性氧簇(ROS)以及半胱氨酸天冬氨酸特异性蛋白酶-3(Caspase-3)的含量变化.Western印迹检测添加丹酚酸B对Akt磷酸化的影响,添加Akt抑制剂LY294002加以比较.结果 与正常对照组相比较,模型组LDH、MDA、ROS以及Caspase-3含量水平显著升高(P<0.05),SOD、GSH-Px以及CAT含量水平显著降低(P<0.05);与模型组相比,丹酚酸B能够显著提高SOD、GSH-Px以及CAT含量水平(P<0.05),显著降低LDH、MDA、ROS以及Caspase-3含量水平(P<0.05).Western印迹结果显示与正常对照组相比较,模型组Akt磷酸化水平显著降低(P<0.001),相对于模型组丹酚酸B能够显著提高Akt的磷酸化水平(P<0.01),而这种保护作用能被LY294002所阻断(P<0.01).结论 丹酚酸B对H9c2心肌细胞缺氧复氧损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能与磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K/Akt)通路相关.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.