Bigbag 人工晶状体应用于高度近视并发白内障超声乳化术的效果观察

目的评估Bigbag人工晶状体应用于高度近视并发白内障超声乳化术的临床效果.方法25例(38眼)高度近视并发白内障患者接受白内障超声乳化吸除联合Bigbag人工晶状体植入术,观察术中、术后并发症,评价术前术后视力、屈光状态、人工晶状体位置、晶状体后囊膜形态、眼底改变等指标.结果术后1周、术后6个月裸眼远视力及最佳矫正远视力均优于术前(P<0.05),但术后1周、术后6个月裸眼远视力及最佳矫正远视力比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后6个月屈光度明显低于术前(P<0.05),实际屈光度与预留度数偏差值≤±1.0D,人工晶状体位置居中稳定,后嚢膜无皱褶,未发生视网膜脱离及黄斑水肿,后发性白内障发生率为5.26%.结论白内障超声乳化联合Bigbag人工晶状体植入术治疗高度近视并发白内障安全、有效.     

高度近视合并白内障患者植入不同人工晶状体术后黄斑区视网膜厚度的变化

目的研究高度近视合并白内障植入不同后房型人工晶状体对眼底黄斑结构的影响。方法对高度近视合并白内障患者68例(78眼)施行白内障超声乳化吸出联合人工晶状体植入术,根据植入的人工晶状体不同分为三组:Bigbag组28眼、MA60MA组26眼和PMMA组24眼。观察患者术后1周、1个月、3个月的最佳矫正视力,术后第1周、1个月、3个月黄斑厚度的变化及术后并发症等指标。结果所有手术眼术后矫正视力(best-corrected visual acuity,BCVA)均有不同程度提高,Bigbag组术后1周、1个月黄斑厚度显著小于M A60M A组和PM M A组,组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),术后3个月时三组黄斑厚度与术前比较没有明显差异(P>0.05),术后均未见严重并发症。结论超声乳化吸出联合针对近视眼设计的人工晶状体植入术可以有效改善高度近视白内障患者的视力,对后囊膜起到稳定的支撑作用,有利于眼内轴向空间结构的稳定,减轻手术对眼后段的影响。     

高度近视白内障病人术中植入两种不同人工晶体的疗效观察

目的:比较高度近视白内障病人术中使用两种不同人工晶体的临床效果.方法:选取白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术的高度近视白内障病人40例60眼,采用MI60人工晶体19例31眼为A组,MA60MA人工晶状体21例29眼为B组,对比2组病人术前和术后6个月的最佳矫正视力、眼压、前房深度及并发症等指标.结果:术后6个月所有病人最佳矫正视力均较术前提高(P<0.01),2组间最佳矫正视力差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后6个月眼压与术前差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),A组前房深度增加值大于B组(P<0.05).2组病人均未出现严重并发症.结论:高度近视白内障病人术中采用MI60人工晶体相较于MA60MA人工晶体能够维持更深的前房深度,减少后囊膜皱褶和后囊膜混浊的发生,降低对玻璃体视网膜的干扰.     

Bigbag人工晶状体在高度近视并发白内障中的应用研究

目的探讨超声乳化白内障吸出联合Bigbag人工晶状体植入在高度近视合并白内障中的临床应用效果。方法选择因高度近视合并白内障行超声乳化吸出术患者63例（94眼）,根据患者意愿,植入Bigbag人工晶状体作为观察组,32例（48眼）,植入Acrysof后房型人工晶状体作为对照组,31例（46眼）,观察并比较两组术前、术后1周、术后1、3个月患者裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力、屈光状态、眼压及术后并发症。结果观察组术后1周、术后1、3个月裸眼视力均较术前提高（t=-5.270、-5.873、-16.738,均P＜0.05),屈光度较术前降低（t=-2.415、-2.386、-16.053,P＜0.05）,眼压较术前无明显变化（t=1.195、-1.131、1.036,均P＞0.05）;对照组术后1周、术后1、3个月裸眼视力均较术前提高（t=-14.738、-14.365、-13.954,均P＜0.05）,屈光度较术前降低（t=-13.666、-13.627、-12.820,均P＜0.05）,眼压较术前差异无统计学意义（t=-1.101、-0.745、-0.786,均P＞0.05）;术后1周、术后1、3个月裸眼视力两组差异均无统计学意义（t=1.478、1.740、2.844,均P＞0.05）,术后1周、1个月最佳矫正视力观察组优于对照组（t=2.640、2.642,均P＜0.05）。观察组术后后囊膜皱褶、后发性白内障及眩光现象的发生率较对照组降低（字2=41.17、5.452、2.352,均P＜0.05）。结论对高度近视合并白内障患者行超声乳化白内障吸出联合Bigbag人工晶状体植入术可达到较理想的术后视力,是一种安全有效的治疗方法。Bigbag人工晶状体对后囊膜有稳定的支撑作用,可明显减少术后并发症的发生,特别是后囊膜皱褶和后发性白内障及眩光现象。     

高度近视白内障眼植入Bigbag与209M人工晶体术后的比较

目的:探讨Bigbag人工晶体植入高度近视白内障眼的临床疗效。方法:选取行白内障超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术的高度近视白内障患者共26例(26眼),按植入人工晶体不同分两组,A组为Bigbag组13例,B组为209M组13例。分析两组手术前后视力、中轴区后囊膜到视网膜的距离变化及术后并发症、满意度。结果:(1)两组术后视力均有不同程度提高;(2)两组后囊膜混浊发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0. 05);(3)两组手术前后中轴区晶体后囊膜与视网膜距离差变化差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05);(4)Bigbag组患者夜间发生眩光现象少于209M组(P<0. 05)。结论:Bigbag人工晶体及209M人工晶体在高度近视白内障患者眼中的临床应用都是安全有效的,与209M人工晶体相比,其植入疗效更佳,患者更满意。     

合并糖尿病白内障患者术后黄斑厚度变化的临床研究

目的 通过光学相干断层扫描仪测量黄斑区视网膜厚度,观察合并糖尿病的白内障患者术后黄斑区视网膜厚度的变化.方法 选择2012年6-12月我科白内障手术患者59例96眼,其中无糖尿病的患者为A组(18例33眼),有糖尿病但无糖尿病视网膜病变的患者为B组(19例31眼),有糖尿病视网膜病变的患者为C组(22例32眼).比较3组手术前后最佳矫正视力及术前,术后1d、1周、1个月黄斑区视网膜厚度.结果 术前3组最佳矫正视力无统计学差异,术后1个月A组患者31眼(94％)最佳矫正视力≥0.5;B组患者最佳矫正视力28眼(90％)≥0.5,2组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);C组患者22眼(69％)最佳矫正视力≥0.5,与A、B两组相比,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).中心凹区:A、B两组术后1d、1周、1个月黄斑区视网膜厚度与术前比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);C组术后1d、1周黄斑区视网膜厚度与术前比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),C组术后1个月视网膜厚度较术前明显增加(P＜0.05).内环区和外环区:3组术后1d、1周、1个月外环区视网膜厚度与术前比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 糖尿病视网膜病变患者在术后,虽然经过一定的抗感染治疗,但视网膜厚度仍明显增加,并且黄斑中心凹区改变明显,提示糖尿病视网膜病变是引起白内障术后黄斑水肿的高危因素.     

儿童人工晶状体眼后发性白内障的临床分析

目的评价儿童人工晶状体眼后发性白内障的临床特征和掺钕钇铝石榴石(Nd:YAG)激光后囊膜切开术的治疗效果。方法对207例(249眼)3~12岁儿童施行超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶状体植入,其中121眼植入聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯硬性人工晶状体(A组),128眼植入Acrysof折叠式人工晶状体(B组),术后随访12~84个月,观察比较两组后发性白内障的发生率、Nd:YAG激光后囊膜切开率以及激光术后视力情况。结果儿童白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入手术中,后发性白内障发生率A组为92.6%,B组为32.9%;Nd:YAG激光后囊膜切开率A组为92.6%,B组为26.6%,两组具有显著性差异(P<0.01)。146眼经Nd:YAG激光后囊膜切开术后脱盲率为100%,脱残率90.7%。结论对于3~12岁儿童白内障施行超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶状体植入术,使用Acrysof折叠式人工晶状体明显降低后发性白内障发生率和Nd:YAG激光后囊膜切开率;Nd:YAG激光后囊膜切开术是儿童人工晶状体眼后发性白内障安全有效的治疗方法。     

光学相干断层扫描观察高度近视眼白内障超声乳化术后黄斑区变化

目的观察高度近视眼白内障超声乳化术后黄斑区视网膜的变化及术后视力恢复情况。方法 105例(150眼)白内障患者分为高度近视眼白内障组(A组,56例,80眼)和非高度近视眼白内障组(B组,49例,70眼),分别行超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术。分别于术前和术后1周、1个月和3个月测量患者裸眼视力(UCVA)和最佳矫正视力(BCVA);行光学相干断层扫描,测量黄斑中心凹视网膜神经上皮层厚度(MFT)和黄斑中心凹直径6 mm范围内的黄斑区容积(TMV);计算高、低累积能量复合参数(AECP)。结果 A组和B组术后各时间点UCVA、BCVA和TMV均显著高于术前(P<0.01),而术后各时间点MFT与术前比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A组和B组中,高、低AECP患者术后各时间点MFT与术前比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);高、低AECP患者术后各时间点TMV均显著高于术前(P<0.01);高AECP患者术后各时间点MFT和TMV与术前的差值与低AECP患者比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后A组中1眼黄斑区鼻下方发生视网膜神经上皮层浅脱离,A组中3眼、B组中1眼黄斑区中心凹发生微囊样改变。结论高度...     

5-氟尿嘧啶联合改良袢人工晶状体抑制后发性白内障

目的 探讨氟尿嘧啶联合改良袢人工晶状体抑制后发性白内障的安全性及效果.方法 收集单纯老年性白内障患者39例(45眼),随机分为3组,实验组(15眼)植入5-Fu修饰的改良悬吊式PMMA人工晶状体;对照组1(15眼)植入改良型悬吊式PMMA人工晶状体;对照组2(15眼)植入普通的PMMA人工晶状体.术后随访6m观察患者术眼角膜、眼压及晶状体后囊膜混浊情况,并与术前进行比较.各组患者术后角膜水肿情况,术前、术后眼压情况差异均无统计学意义.术后随访1m实验组与两对照组均未发现有后囊膜混浊现象出现;随访3m实验组未出现后囊膜混浊,对照组1中有1例后囊膜晶状体上皮细胞薄团;随访6m实验组未发现有后囊膜混浊出现,对照组1有1只眼出现后囊膜混浊,对照组2中有4只眼出现后囊膜混浊,差别无显著性意义(P＞0.05),而各组间比较无显著性差异(P＞0.05),与对照组比较实验组后囊膜混浊发生率明显偏低,统计学比较差别有显著性意义(P<0.05).结论:5-Fu联合改良袢人工晶状体能有效抑制晶状体上皮细胞增殖,从而预防后发性白内障的发生.     

OCT用于合并糖尿病与非糖尿病白内障患者术后黄斑厚度变化观察

目的:通过光学相干断层扫描(OCT)观察合并糖尿病与非糖尿病白内障患者术后黄斑厚度的变化。方法:选取白内障患者78例(78眼)作为研究对象,患者均行超声乳化白内障吸出术,根据是否合并糖尿病分为两组,糖尿病组40例(40眼),非糖尿病组38例(38眼),采用OCT测量两组患者术前、术后1 d、术后1周以及术后1个月时黄斑中心凹厚度的变化情况。结果:非糖尿病组术后1 d、1周及1个月的中心凹区厚度与术前比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),糖尿病组术后1 d、1周黄斑区视网膜厚度与术前相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后1个月较术前显著增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组术前和术后各时段的内环区、外环区视网膜厚度对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:手术后,糖尿病白内障患者视网膜厚度较术前明显增加,黄斑中心凹区改变明显,提示糖尿病视网膜病变是引起白内障术后黄斑水肿的高危因素。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.