胃癌多药耐药逆转短肽GMBP42的活性鉴定

目的:鉴定短肽GMBP42与胃癌多药耐药细胞(SGC7901/VCR和SGC7901/ADR)的结合特异性及其多药耐药逆转活性。方法:体外培养胃癌亲本细胞SGC7901及多药耐药细胞(SGC7901/VCR和SGC7901/ADR)。免疫细胞化学染色技术鉴定短肽GMBP42与多药耐药细胞的结合特异性。体外药物敏感实验测定短肽GMBP42对多药耐药细胞化疗药物敏感性的影响。结果:免疫细胞化学染色结果显示:短肽GMBP42能够与胃癌多药耐药细胞(SGC7901/VCR和SGC7901/ADR)结合,亚细胞定位于核周胞浆及胞膜,而与亲本细胞无明显结合。体外药物敏感试验结果显示:与对照组相比,短肽GMBP42处理组胃癌多药耐药细胞(SGC7901/VCR和SGC7901/ADR)对化疗药物的IC50值及细胞存活率均降低(P<0.05)。结论:短肽GMBP42能特异结合于多种胃癌多药耐药细胞,短肽GMBP42可提高胃癌多药耐药细胞对阿霉素的敏感性,部分逆转多药耐药细胞对阿霉素的耐药表型。     

胃癌耐药细胞特异性结合小肽对多药耐药的影响

目的 研究环九肽（SY1）与胃癌耐药细胞（SGC7901／VCR）的结合特性及其对胃癌耐药性的逆转作用。方法 将细胞分为SGC7901和SGC7901／VCR2组培养。以无关噬菌体、阴性噬菌体为对照组,用免疫荧光技术检测含有SY1的阳性噬菌体与SGC7901／VCR的结合特性;通过体外药敏试验（MTT）分析含有SY1的阳性噬菌体和化学合成的SY1对SGC7901／VCR耐药性的改变;应用流式细胞仪检测在SY1作用下SGC7901／VCR细胞内阿霉素（ADM）的蓄积和储留。结果 （1）免疫荧光分析的结果显示,含有SY1的阳性噬菌体能够结合于SGC7901／VCR的膜表面,而不与亲本细胞SGC7901结合,无关噬菌体和阴性噬菌体均不与SGC7901／VCR结合,表明SY1可与SGC7901／VCR特异性结合。（2）MTT试验结果显示,在含有SY1的阳性噬菌体及化学合成的SY1的作用下,SGC7901／VCR的存活率显著降低（P〈0．05）,其对长春新碱的耐药性降低。（3）在化学合成的SY1作用下,SGC7901／VCR细胞内ADM的储留蓄积高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论 利用环七肽库差减筛选得到的环九肽SY1不仅能与SGC7901／VCR特异性结合,而且可部分逆转其对长春新碱的耐药性。这可能为胃癌多药耐药的逆转提供新思路。     

环氧合酶-2选择性抑制剂塞莱昔布调节胃癌细胞多药耐药性的实验研究

 目的 观测环氧合酶-2（COX-2）抑制剂塞莱昔布（Celecoxib）对多药耐药细胞株SGC7901／VCR多药耐药（MDR）的逆转及P-糖蛋白（P-gp）的调变作用，探讨COX-2对胃癌细胞MDR调节作用。方法 以长春新碱（VCR）诱导的人胃癌多药耐药细胞SGC7901／VCR为研究对象，应用流式细胞术、MTT法及免疫细胞化学方法研究COX-2抑制剂塞莱昔布对耐药性的逆转作用及对P-gp的调变作用。结果 MTT显示塞莱昔布明显抑制SGC7901、SGC7901／VCR细胞的生长，并呈时间、剂量依赖性。经非细胞毒剂量（2.5 μmol／L）的塞莱昔布作用后，SGC7901／VCR细胞的多药耐药性得到部分逆转，表现为靶细胞对多种化疗药物的敏感性显著增加，逆转倍数为1.09 ~ 6.28；流式细胞仪分析发现，塞莱昔布介导的SGC7901／VCR细胞耐药性的逆转伴有胞内多柔比星浓度的升高；免疫细胞化学研究显示，经塞莱昔布作用后耐药株SGC7901／VCR表达P-gp强度下降。结论 塞莱昔布能有效地抑制肿瘤细胞的生长，且部分逆转SGC7901／VCR细胞的多药耐药性，其可能主要通过影响P-gp的药物泵功能实现。     

下调PHLDB3对胃癌耐药细胞系SGC7901/ADR药物敏感性的影响

目的:探讨下调PHLDB3对胃癌耐药细胞系 SGC7901/ADR 药物敏感性的影响。方法:采用实时定量聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）和蛋白免疫印迹技术（Western blot）的方法检测胃癌及癌旁正常组织中PHLDB3的表达（分别是20对和10对）;qRT-PCR和Western blot检测PHLDB3在胃癌细胞系 SGC7901以及胃癌耐药细胞系SGC7901/ADR和SGC7901/VCR中的表达;MTT法检测SGC7901、SGC7901/ADR及转染PHLDB3 siRNA后 SGC7901/ADR的半数抑制浓度（IC50）值;流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡。结果:qRT-PCR和Western blot结果显示:PHLDB3在胃癌组织中的表达明显高于癌旁正常组织（P<0.000 1）;PHLDB3在耐药细胞系SGC7901/ADR和SGC7901/VCR中的表达明显高于其亲本细胞系SGC7901（P<0.000 1和P<0.05）。Western blot结果显示:相对于转染 PHLDB3 negative control（NC）组,转染 PHLDB3 siRNA组的SGC7901/ADR细胞中PHLDB3的表达降低（P<0.005）。MTT结果显示:SGC7901与 SGC7901/ADR的IC50值分别为（1.5±0.1） μg/ml与（5.5±0.2） μg/ml（P<0.000 1）;SGC7901/ADR 转染 PHLDB3 siRNA 后对顺铂的IC50值明显下降（P<0.05）。流式细胞术（flow cytometry,FCM）检测凋亡,结果显示:下调PHLDB3的表达后,SGC7901/ADR细胞的凋亡率明显增加（P<0.05）。结论:PHLDB3能够促进胃癌细胞系 SGC7901/ADR产生多药耐药。     

罗格列酮逆转丝裂霉素对人胃癌SGC7901/VCR细胞株耐药的作用

目的探讨过氧化物酶体增殖子活化受体γ(PPARγ)配体罗格列酮(ROS),对耐药胃癌SGC7901/VCR细胞药物敏感性的影响。方法以长春新碱(VCR)诱导的人胃癌多药耐药细胞SGC7901/VCR及其亲代SGC7901为研究对象,应用MTT比色法及集落形成实验,研究罗格列酮对丝裂霉素(MMC)抑制人胃癌SGC7901细胞及其耐药亚系SGC7901/VCR细胞生长及增殖的影响及罗格列酮逆转SGC7901/VCR细胞对MMC的耐药作用。结果 ROS对SGC7901/VCR及SGC7901细胞生长具有明显抑制作用,且其作用与ROS浓度呈时间-剂量依赖关系;40μmmol/L、80μmmol/L ROS逆转SGC7901/VCR细胞对MMC的耐药倍数(RI)分别为9.6、10.5,与增敏对照组作用相当(P>0.05);集落形成实验结果显示,ROS与MMC联用降低SGC7901/VCR细胞的集落形成率。结论罗格列酮能部分逆转多药耐药胃癌细胞株SGC7901/VCR对MMC的耐药。     

MicroRNA let - 7f 对胃癌细胞株 SGC7901 / ADR 耐药性的影响

目的：通过检测胃癌细胞株SGC7901及其阿霉素耐药细胞株SGC7901/ADR中microRNA let-7f的表达差异,探讨let-7f表达与胃癌细胞对ADR耐药的关系.方法：通过实时荧光定量PCR比较SGC7901/ADR与SGC7901两种细胞中 let-7f表达水平的差异;MTT法检测SGC7901,SGC7901/ADR及转染let-7f mimic后SGC7901/ADR的药物敏感性;流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡;Western Blot检测凋亡相关分子Bcl-2和Caspase-3蛋白表达情况.结果：qRT-PCR结果显示,let-7f在SGC7901/ADR细胞中的表达较在SGC7901中的表达显著降低（ P＜0.05）.MTT法结果显示SGC7901与SGC7901/ADR两种细胞阿霉素的半数抑制浓度（IC50）分别为（0.95 ±0.08）g/L和（5.40 ±0.28）g/L.SGC7901/ADR细胞转染let-7f mimic后,let-7f表达显著上调,并且对阿霉素的IC50明显降低（ P＜0.05）.凋亡检测结果显示,转染let-7f mimic后,SGC7901/ADR细胞凋亡率明显增加（ P＜0.05）.Western Blot结果表明相较于转染let-7f negative control（NC）组,转染let-7f mimic组cleaved-Caspase-3表达显著降低（P＜0.05）,而两组中的Bcl-2表达水平无差异.结论：let-7f在胃癌阿霉素耐药细胞株SGC7901/ADR中的表达显著降低,逆转let-7f表达可增加其对阿霉素敏感性,并诱导其凋亡.     

As_2O_3对胃癌细胞SGC7901/ADR阿霉素耐药性逆转作用

目的探讨三氧化二砷(As2O3)对胃癌细胞SGC7901/ADR阿霉素(ADM)耐药性的逆转作用和对Pgp、GSTπ表达的影响。方法以胃癌多药耐药细胞株SGC7901/ADR为靶细胞,用MTT法检测SGC7901/ADR细胞对ADM的敏感性,用流式细胞仪检测细胞内药物浓度及免疫组织化学法检测细胞Pgp、GSTπ表达。结果0.4～0.8μmol/LAs2O3对耐药细胞SGC7901/ADR无明显毒性(P>0.05)。As2O3可下调Pgp、GSTπ表达,提高SGC7901/ADR细胞内ADM浓度,增加SGC7901/ADR细胞对ADM的敏感性。结论As2O3能够抑制SGC7901/ADR细胞Pgp、GSTπ表达,增加细胞内ADM药物浓度而部分逆转其对ADM的耐药性。     

KLF8在缺氧诱导胃癌细胞多药耐药中的作用

目的:探讨KLF8（Kruppel-like factor 8）在缺氧诱导胃癌细胞多药耐药表型中的作用。方法:利用Western blot和实时定量PCR的方法检测三株胃癌细胞系MKN28、MKN45、SGC7901在常氧及缺氧条件下KLF8的表达水平。Western blot和实时定量PCR检测胃癌耐药细胞系SGC7901/VCR、SGC7901/ADR和亲本细胞系SGC7901中KLF8的表达水平。构建KLF8正义表达载体及KLF8小干扰RNA的慢病毒载体,将其转染入实验细胞中,用Western blot和实时定量PCR的方法检测KLF8表达量的变化。MTT、Annexin V/PI染色法及阿霉素蓄积量与潴留实验检测KLF8在缺氧诱导胃癌细胞多药耐药表型中的作用。结果:缺氧可诱导胃癌细胞系MKN28、MKN45、SGC7901中KLF8的表达升高。与胃癌亲本细胞系相比,KLF8在胃癌耐药细胞系中的表达升高,并且在SGC7901/VCR细胞中表达升高的更为明显。外源性转染KLF8后可显著增加胃癌细胞中KLF8的表达量,KLF8小干扰RNA可有效降低常氧及缺氧条件下胃癌细胞中KLF8的表达。常氧条件下,外源性转染KLF8的正义表达载体可增加胃癌细胞对不同化疗药物的耐受性,降低化疗药物诱导的胃癌细胞凋亡指数,同时可增加细胞内阿霉素的泵出率。缺氧条件下,KLF8小干扰RNA能够逆转胃癌细胞中上述现象的发生。结论:初步实验结果发现了一个新的缺氧反应分子-KLF8。表型试验证实该分子在缺氧诱导胃癌多药耐药中发挥作用。     

甲基莲心碱对耐长春新碱人胃癌细胞多药耐药性逆转机制的初步研究

目的探讨新的钙阻断剂甲基莲心碱(Nef)对耐长春新碱人胃癌细胞多药耐药性(MDR)的逆转作用及其机制。方法采用MTT比色法,检测药物的细胞毒作用;应用免疫细胞化学SP法及流式细胞术,检测Nef对人胃癌细胞Bcl-2蛋白表达的影响。结果 10μmol/L Nef对SGC7901及SGC7901/VCR无显著细胞毒作用;2.5、5、10μmol/L Nef能使VCR对SGC7901/VCR细胞的IC50从2.32μg/ml依次下降至0.340、0.128、0.053μg/ml,逆转倍数分别为6.8、18.1、43.8。当Nef浓度为10μmol/L时,逆转SGC7901/VCR多药耐药活性较VRP高(P<0.01);SGC7901/VCR细胞中Bcl-2蛋白表达水平较SGC7901细胞高,经Nef处理后,SGC7901/VCR细胞中Bcl-2蛋白表达水平明显下降,表明Nef能下调SGC7901/VCR细胞中Bcl-2蛋白表达水平。结论甲基莲心碱在体外能逆转耐长春新碱人胃癌细胞(SGC7901/VCR)的多药耐药性,其机制可能与下调Bcl-2蛋白表达水平有关。     

131I-GMBP1对胃癌多药耐药细胞的细胞毒和诱导凋亡作用

目的:探讨131I-GMBP1对胃癌多药耐药细胞的细胞毒和诱导凋亡作用。方法:应用Iodogen方法将GMBP1与131I进行放射性标记,并检测其稳定性。应用MTT试验检测131I-GMBP1对胃癌多药耐药细胞SGC7901/ADR的细胞毒作用。流式细胞仪及Hoechst染色试剂盒检测131I-GMBP1诱导的胃癌多药耐药细胞SGC7901/ADR的凋亡作用。结果:131I-GMBP1的放射性标记率为9 3%-9 8%,放射性比活度为906.5GBq/mmol。131I-GMBP1对胃癌多药耐药细胞SGC7901/ADR具有明显的细胞毒作用,能够显著抑制其增殖。在SGC7901/ADR与131I-GMBP1共孵育96h后,其IC50值为0.83μg/ml。SGC7901/ADR与不同浓度GMBP1、131I及131I-GMBP1共孵育60h后,131I-GMBP1处理过的SGC7901/ADR细胞出现明显的细胞凋亡,呈药物浓度依赖性。131I-GMBP1最高浓度时细胞凋亡率约34.1%。131I-GMBP1对胃癌多药耐药细胞的细胞毒及凋亡作用与131I-GMBP1的浓度及耐药细胞共孵育时间有关。结论:131I-GMBP1对胃癌多药耐药细胞具有很强的细胞毒及凋亡作用,可为进一步探讨131I-GMBP1单独或联合传统的抗肿瘤药物治疗胃癌多药耐药临床应用的可行性提供了实验依据。     

P13-K抑制剂LY294002逆转P-gP介导的白血病和胃癌细胞耐药

背景与目的：磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶／蛋白激酶B[phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase（P13-K）／proteinkinaseB（Akt）,P13-K／Aktl通路是调控细胞生存的重要信号转导通路之一。本研究旨在探讨P13-K抑制剂LY294002对P-gP过表达的人类白血病K562／DNR和胃癌SGC7901／ADR细胞多药耐药性的逆转作用。方法：将细胞分为单纯药物组和LY294002预处理组,单纯药物组分别以柔红霉素（daunorubicin,DNR）、阿霉素（adriamycin,ADR）、长春新碱（vincristine,VCR）和依托泊甙（etoposide,VP-16）处理,LY294002预处理组在加药前以LY294002进行预处理。用台盼蓝拒染法及MTT法检测药物敏感性及LY294002对细胞耐药性的影响。Westernblot检测K562／DNR和SGC7901／ADR细胞中P．gP及p-Akt的表达。流式细胞术检测细胞内药物浓度。结果：2．5μmol／LLY294002预处理显著降低DNR、ADR、VCR和VP-16对K562／DNR细胞的IC50,相对逆转效率分别为72．4％、64．9％、60．4％和52．8％。此外,LY294002部分逆转SGC7901／ADR对ADR的耐药性,相对逆转效率为31．0％。LY294002预处理可部分抑制p-Akt和P-gP的表达。随着处理时间的延长．K562／DNR、SGC7901／ADR细胞内DNR、ADR的蓄积效应有增强的趋势。结论：LY294002通过抑制P13-K／Akt信号转导通路,部分逆转P-gp介导的白血病和胃癌细胞的多药耐药。     

Overexpression of ZNRD1 promotes multidrug-resistant phenotype of gastric cancer cells through upregulation of P-glycoprotein

ZNRD1, a new zinc ribbon gene, has been previously identified as an upregulated gene in a multidrug-resistant gastric cancer cell line SGC7901/VCR comparing to its parental cell SGC7901 by subtractive hybridization and RT-PCR. The antisense nucleic acid for ZNRD1 could enhance adriamycin accumulation in SGC7901/VCR cells and sensitize SGC7901/VCR cells to vincristine. The present study aims to explore the role of ZNRD1 in multidrug resistance in gastric cancer cells. Upregulation of ZNRD1 protein in SGC7901/VCR cells was confirmed by Western blot and immunocytochmical staining. ZNRD1 was genetically overexpressed in SGC7901 cells by gene transfection. It was found that overexpression of ZNRD1 could sensitize SGC7901 cells to P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-related anticancer drugs (vincristine, adriamycin, etoposide) but not to P-gp-nonrelated drugs (5-fluorouracil and cisplatin), which was accompanied with significantly decreased adriamycin accumulation and retention and increased adriamycin releasing in SGC7901 cells. Verapamil, an inhibitor for P-gp, could reverse the effects of ZNRD1 on drug sensitivity and drug accumulation in SGC7901 cells to a great extent. Western blot and Northern blot revealed that overexpression of ZNRD1 could upregulate P-gp at both protein and mRNA levels. Together, these results suggest that overexpression of ZNRD1 could promote multidrug-resistant phenotype of gastric cancer cells through upregulation of P-gp.     

Shugoshin1 enhances multidrug resistance of gastric cancer cells by regulating MRP1, Bcl-2, and Bax genes

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major clinical obstacle in treatment of gastric cancer (GC) and it accounts for the majority of cancer-related mortalities. Shugoshin1 (SGO1) is an important player in appropriate chromosome segregation and is involved in tumorigenesis. In this study, we found endogenous SGO1 overexpression in the multidrug-resistant GC cell lines SGC7901/VCR and SGC7901/ADR compared with their parental cell line SGC7901. By enhancing expression of SGO1, sensitivity of SGC7901 cells to vincristine (VCR), adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and cisplatin (CDDP) was significantly diminished. Silencing its expression resulted in enhanced sensitivity of SGC7901/VCR and SGC7901/ADR cells to these antitumor drugs. Additionally, we confirmed that SGO1 increased capacity of cells to enable adriamycin (ADR) efflux and inhibit drug-induced apoptosis by regulating MRP 1, Bcl-2, and Bax genes so as to confer a MDR phenotype to GC cells. In brief, these findings suggest that SGO1 promotes MDR of GC cells and may be useful as a novel therapeutic target for preventing or reversing MDR.     

PI3K／Akt途径在朊蛋白介导胃癌耐药中的作用研究

目的：探讨P13K／Akt途径在朊蛋白（PrPc）介导胃癌耐药中的作用。方法：脂质体基因转染法建立高表达PrPc的胃癌细胞亚系。Western印迹检测转染细胞中Akt蛋白的表达。噻唑蓝（MTT）比色法测定单独或联用P13K抑制剂LY294002时转染细胞对化疗药物的敏感性。流式细胞仪检测单独或联用LY294002时转染细胞内阿霉素蓄积和潴留。结果：将PrPc正义载体pcDNA—PrP转入SGC7901,成功建立PrPc高表达胃癌细胞亚系并命名为PS;空载体转染细胞命名为BS。Western—Blot显示磷酸化Akt在PS中的表达较Bs及SGC7901增高,而三者的总Akt则无差别。未经LY294002处理时,在阿霉素或长春新碱的作用下,PS的存活率分别为91．4％±3．4％和89．4％±3．8％,较BS（79．2％±4．3％和75．9％±2．1％）明显增高（均）,PS细胞内阿霉素蓄积量和潴留量分别为4．4±0．3和4．2±0．4,明显低于BS（8．2±0．5和8．0±0．3）（均）;当联合LY294002处理后,PS在两种药物作用下的存活率均随着LY294002浓度的增加逐渐降低,并均在LY294002为30tLmol／L时接近BS（均）,PS细胞内阿霉素蓄积量和潴留量逐渐增高,并均在LY294002为30μmol／L时接近BS（均）。结论：PrPc介导的胃癌耐药与P13K／Akt途径活性密切相关,抑制P13K／Akt途径活性可逆转PrPc介导的胃癌耐药。     

CIAPIN1 confers multidrug resistance by upregulating the expression of MDR-1 and MRP-1 in gastric cancer cells

In a previous study, we observed that cytokine-induced apoptosis inhibitor 1 (CIAPIN1), a newly identified apoptosis inhibitor, was upregulated at the mRNA level in a multidrug-resistant gastric cancer cell line SGC7901/VCR. The aim of this study was to explore the role of CIAPIN1 in the development of multidrug resistance (MDR) in gastric cancer cells. Upregulation of CIAPIN1 in MDR gastric cancer cells was confirmed by semiquantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting. Using cDNA transfection and RNA interference, we successfully established stable transfectants with upregulation (i.e., SGC7901-pCIAPIN1) or downregulation (i.e., SGC7901-pSiCIAPIN1 and SGC7901/ADR-pSiCIAPIN1) of CIAPIN1 expression, respectively. In vitro drug sensitivity assay demonstrated that overexpression of CIAPIN1 conferred MDR in SGC7901 cells whereas downregulation of CIAPIN1 sensitized SGC7901 and SGC7901/ADR cells to anticancer drugs. CIAPIN1 protected both SGC7901 and SGC7901/ADR cells from ADR-induced apoptosis and reduced intracellular accumulation and retention of adriamycin. Moreover, expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp or MDR-1, a product of MDR-1 gene) and MDR-related protein-1 (MRP-1) was upregulated by CIAPIN1. In addition, Western blotting revealed that CIAPIN1 decreased the expression of Bcl-2, Bax and p53. Therefore, it is concluded that CIAPIN1 confers MDR in gastric cancer cells, likely by upregulating MDR-1 and MRP-1.     

MGr1-Ag is associated with multidrug-resistant phenotype of gastric cancer cells

BACKGROUND: MGr1-antigen (Ag) was previously reported as an upregulated protein in multidrug-resistant (MDR) gastric cancer cells. The aim of this study was to characterize the role of MGr1-Ag in the multidrug resistance of gastric cancer cells. METHODS: Laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), two-dimensional electrophoresis, and Western blot were used to detect MGr1-Ag in gastric cancer cells. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to determine the sensitivity of the MDR gastric cancer cells, SGC7901/VCR, to chemotherapeutic drugs. Adriamycin accumulation and retention in SGC7901/VCR cells were analyzed using flow cytometry. RESULTS: LSCM showed that MGr1-Ag localized mainly on the membrane and partly in the cytoplasm of SGC7901/VCR cells. Western blot showed that the expression level of MGr1-Ag in SGC7901/VCR cells was higher than that in its parental cells, SGC7901, and that the apparent molecular weight and isoelectric point of MGr1-Ag were 42 kDa and pH 4.8, respectively. After incubation with MGr1 antibody, SGC7901/VCR cells showed significantly decreased IC(50) values for adriamycin (from 0.887 +/- 0.081 mg/l to 0.607 +/- 0.084 mg/l; P, 0.05), vincristine (from 0.707 +/- 0.055 mg/l to 0.557 +/- 0.042 mg/l; P, 0.05), and 5-fluorouracil (from 4.367 +/- 0.407 mg/l to 2.630 +/- 0.644 mg/l; P, 0.05), as well as slightly increased IC(50) values for mitomycin (from 0.183 +/- 0.045 mg/l to 0.198 +/- 0.048 mg/l; P. 0.05). In addition, incubation with MGr1 significantly enhanced adriamycin accumulation and retention in SGC7901/VCR cells. CONCLUSION: Overexpression of MGr1-Ag is associated with the MDR phenotype of gastric cancer cells.