造血干/祖细胞的体外扩增培养研究

利用旋转壁式生物反应器(Rotating wall vessel,RWV)体外培养脐带血干细胞,使其大量扩增,以满足临床应用对造血干/祖细胞的数量与质量要求。从脐带血分离得到的单个核细胞(Mononuclear cells,MNC)在T-flask中培养24h,之后接种到RWV反应器中,培养200h。每24h细胞计数,测量培养基的pH和渗透压变化;在144h和197h测CD34 细胞含量并做CFU-GM半固体培养。有核细胞(Nucleated cells,NC)与CD34 细胞在第197h,分别扩增了435.5±87.6倍和32.7±15.6倍,CFU-GM(Colony-forming unit-granulocyte/macrophage)细胞扩增了21.7±4.9倍。整个培养过程中,RWV反应器中的pH和渗透压都保持在造血细胞最佳的扩增条件内,pH基本保持在7.2~7.4之间,渗透压基本保持在290~310mmol/kg之间。由于旋转壁式生物反应器(RWV)结构上的特殊性,可以保证细胞在悬浮流动的状态下生长,很好地模拟了脐带中的造血微环境,使脐带血造血干细胞在该反应器中短期内得到大量扩增。     

人脐血内皮祖细胞的分离、培养及鉴定

目的探索人脐静脉血内皮祖细胞的分离培养,为内皮祖细胞的临床应用提供实验方法。方法选择脐静脉血,应用密度梯度离心法,获取单个核细胞,接种于预先包埋了人纤维连接蛋白的培养板,用加入生长因子VEGF165和bFGF的内皮细胞专用培养基EGM-2MV培养细胞,3d后,洗掉非贴壁细胞,换培养液继续培养至7d,收集贴壁细胞进行细胞分析。激光共聚焦显微镜进行细胞功能学鉴定,流式细胞术测定祖细胞和内皮细胞系标志。MTT比色法检测细胞的生长状态。结果经过梯度密度离心和贴壁法选择的细胞能特异性吸附FITC标记的荆豆凝集素并内吞DiI-acLDL,祖细胞标志CD133及内皮细胞特异性抗原CD34、KDR检测,其阳性率分别为（27．05±2．94）％、（16．37±2．69）％和（56．67±7．29）％;体外培养的内皮祖细胞具有良好的细胞增殖活性。结论人脐静脉血中可以分离培养内皮祖细胞,为内皮祖细胞的进一步研究及临床应用奠定了基础。     

Effect of Human Parathyroid Hormone on Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells in NOD/SCID Mice Co-Transplanted with Human Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Purpose

We evaluated the effect of human parathyroid hormone (hPTH) on the engraftment and/or in vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells in an umbilical cord blood (UCB)-xenotransplantation model. In addition, we assessed its effect on the expression of cell adhesion molecules.

Materials and Methods

Female NOD/SCID mice received sublethal total body irradiation with a single dose of 250 cGy. Eighteen to 24 hours after irradiation, 1×10⁷ human UCB-derived mononuclear cells (MNCs) and 5×10⁶ human UCB-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were infused via the tail vein. Mice were randomly divided into three groups: Group 1 mice received MNCs only, Group 2 received MNCs only and were then treated with hPTH, Group 3 mice received MNCs and MSCs, and were treated with hPTH.

Results

Engraftment was achieved in all the mice. Bone marrow cellularity was approximately 20% in Group 1, but 70-80% in the hPTH treated groups. Transplantation of MNCs together with MSCs had no additional effect on bone marrow cellularity. However, the proportion of human CD13 and CD33 myeloid progenitor cells was higher in Group 3, while the proportion of human CD34 did not differ significantly between the three groups. The proportion of CXCR4 cells in Group 3 was larger than in Groups 1 and 2 but without statistical significance.

Conclusion

We have demonstrated a positive effect of hPTH on stem cell proliferation and a possible synergistic effect of MSCs and hPTH on the proportion of human hematopoietic progenitor cells, in a xenotransplantation model. Clinical trials of the use of hPTH after stem cell transplantation should be considered.     

脐带血AC133+细胞体外扩增及生物学特性的研究

目的研究脐带血穴UCB雪AC133 细胞体外扩增及其生物学特性,动态观察AC133 细胞的免疫表型变化,以了解AC133 抗原与CD34抗原的关系。方法将从新鲜UCB标本中纯化的AC133 细胞接种于无血清无基质的悬浮体系,分别于培养0、7、10、14天检测扩增潜能、免疫表型和集落形成等指标。结果①自早期的AC133 CD34-、AC133 CD34 、CFC-HPP、CFU-GEMM、AC133 及CD34 细胞群至各系定向祖细胞等各阶段造血干/祖细胞穴HSPC雪均得到持续显著的扩增;②AC133 和CD34 细胞的比例随培养时间的延长而迅速降低,AC133 细胞在CD34 细胞中的比例亦明显下降穴从99%降至50%雪,但同一时点AC133/CD34亚群比例均呈现出AC133 CD34-相似文献   

人脐血间充质干细胞体外诱导分化为类雪旺细胞的初步研究

目的:体外定向诱导人脐血间充质干细胞(HUCBMSCs),分化为类雪旺细胞(SC-like).方法:(1)采用Ficoll密度梯度离心法分离健康产妇脐带血中单个核细胞进行体外培养,用流式细胞术检测细胞表达的表面抗原CD90,SH2,CD34和CD45.(2)第3次传代所得的HUCBMSCs,加入加有β-巯基乙醇(β-ME)、全反式黄酸(RA)、Forskolin、b-FGF、PDGF、HRG的含10%胎牛血清(FBS)的低糖DMEM培养基(L-DMEM)诱导,7 d后免疫组织化学染色法检测.结果:(1)HUCBMSCs在体外培养以梭形细胞为主;流式细胞仪检测显示,细胞高表达表面抗原CD90和SH2,低表达表面抗原CD34和CD45.(2)诱导7 d后,细胞免疫组化显示,GFAP阳性率为81.88%±2.43%.结论:在一定条件下,HUCBMSCs可以在体诱导分化为SC-like,组成人工神经,移植修复周围神经缺损.     

脐血血管内皮祖细胞的分离和诱导分化

目的 从脐血中分离内皮祖细胞，诱导其向内皮细胞分化，研究内皮祖细胞的生物学特性和诱导分化条件。方法 从新鲜脐血中纯化的CD133^ 细胞接种于添加了VEGF、bFGF、IGF—1的M199培养液中，观察梭形贴壁细胞的出现时间和特异性细胞标志。结果 培养3—4d可观察到梭形贴壁细胞，14d左右可形成索条状结构，贴壁细胞表达血管内皮细胞特异性标志VE-cadherin,vWF,UEA-1和VEGFR-2。结论 脐血中含有内皮祖细胞，在一定的条件下，可分化为内皮样细胞。     

A Murine Stromal Cell Line Promotes the Expansion of CD34hlgh+-Primitive Progenitor Cells Isolated from Human Umbilical Cord Blood in Combination with Human Cytokines

Abstract

The in vitro expansion of CD34^? cells is important for clinical applications such as transplantation and gene therapy with CD34⁺ cells isolated from human umbilical cord blood. In the present study, we developed a xenogenic coculture system involving HUCB-CD34⁺ cells and a murine stromal cell line, HESS-5 cells, in the presence of recombinant human (rh) cytokines. We examined the effects of combinations of cytokines, such as rh-IL-3, rh-SCF, rh-granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), rh-granulocyte-macrophage-CSF and h-erythropoietin (EPO), on the expansion of CD34^hlgh- cells and colony-forming progenitor cells (CFCs). The proliferation of CD34^high+ cells and CFCs was dramatically promoted on coculture with HESS-5 cells, and the expansion ratio of the CD34^hlgh+ cells showed good correlation with that of high-proliferative potential colony-forming cells (HPP-CFCs). The most potent combination of cytokines in this xenogenic coculture system for the expansion of CD34^high+ cells and HPP-CFCs was rh-IL-3 and rh-SCF. The proliferation of CD34^high+ cells was supported in the presence of HESS-5 cells with direct cell contact, but not observed in the indirect coculture involving a microporous membrane. Furthermore, we developed a unique coculture method, designated as the bilayer coculture method, involving CD34⁺ cells and HESS-5 cells using a microporous membrane. This expansion system will be applicable to the expansion of the primitive progenitor cells of HUCB-CD34^? cells and is worthy of consideration for the clinical application of HUCB-CD34^? cells.     

Immunohistochemical Study of Fetal Stem/Progenitor Cells from Human Brain Transplanted into Traumatized Spinal Cord of Adult Rats

Neural stem/progenitor cells from human fetal brain were grown in a tissue culture and transplanted into traumatized spinal cord of adult rats. The behavior and differentiation of transplanted cells were studied morphologically by means of histological and immunohistochemical methods and confocal microscopy. Human neural stem/progenitor cells were viable for not less than 3 months. They migrated and differentiated into neurons and glia in the traumatized spinal cord of adult rats.     

人脐血MSCs的生物学特性及其向神经细胞分化的研究进展

脐血间充质干细胞是从脐带血中分离和培养的一种多潜能成体干细胞,具有自我更新和多向分化潜能,在一定条件下可以分化成为神经细胞。脐血间充质干细胞的这些特性吸引了许多学者用它来治疗神经系统疾病如神经退行性疾病,神经损伤和中风等,并取得了一定进展。本文就脐血间充质干细胞的分离纯化和培养方法、生物学特性以及向神经细胞的分化作一简要综述。     

人脐血间充质干细胞的培养条件比较

目的摸索人脐血间充质干细胞（mesenchymal stem cell,MSC）的培养条件。方法根据不同采血量、首次换液时间、胎龄、不同培养基对样本分组，比较不同培养条件对脐血中的间充质干细胞原代生长的影响，以流式细胞仪对培养出的间充质干细胞进行细胞表面标志检测。结果在相同条件下，取10ml的脐血能较大程度培养出间充质干细胞；观察首次换液时间在培养后96h较为合适，延长换液时间有利于数量不占优势的单核细胞充分贴壁：早产胎儿的脐血培养出的间充质干细胞成功率较高；胎牛血清的质和量决定了培养成功与否。培养出的间充质干细胞不表达造血细胞系的标志（CD34、CD45、CD14）及内皮细胞的标志（CD106），强表达CD29、CD44、CD13。结论样本量、首次换液时间、胎龄、培养基的质和量对MSCs的成活、生长有关键作用。     

广州脐血库造血干细胞保存及临床应用

目的 分析广州脐血库造血干细胞保存及临床应用状况.方法 建立脐带血造血干细胞库,按照良好作业规范(GMP)及标准操作常规(SOP)进行供者合格性筛选、脐带血采集、处理、检测、冷冻保存、检疫和发放.分析1998年6月至2008年12月广州脐血库脐带血保存、发放情况及临床移植效果.结果 1998年6月至2008年12月,共采集脐带血10 017份,合格并保存4619份(46.1%),因各种原因废弃5398份(53.9%).4619份合格脐带血的采集体积中位数为92.2ml(60.0～227.7ml),细胞活率中位数为99.0%(90.0%～100.0%),分离后总有核细胞数中位数为1.1×109(0.4×109～9.3×109).4186份脐带血CD34+细胞数中位数为4.1×106(0.3×106～131.6×106).4510份脐带血粒-单核系祖细胞(CFU-GM)的中位数为7.7×105(0.0～135.8×105);爆式红系集落形成单位(BFU-E)的中位数为7.7×105(0.0～88.9×105);粒红巨核巨噬系集落形成单位(CFU-GEMM)的中位数为0.1×105(0.0～18.6×105).至2008年12月,已提供229份脐带血用于治疗187例患者,包括128例(68.4%)儿童,59例(31.6%)成人,其中86例儿童及38例成人获得植入,中性粒细胞植入时间中位数分别为16 d(9～44 d)及20 d(8～42d).结论 建立严格的操作常规和完善的管理制度,是脐带血库进行干细胞冷冻保存及提供合格干细胞产品用于临床的先决条件.     

脐带源间充质干细胞治疗帕金森病的临床研究

目的 探讨脐带源间充质干细胞(human umbilical cord mesenchumal stem cells,HUMSCs)移植治疗帕金森病患者神经功能的疗效.方法 取胎儿脐带组织体外培养扩增并进行鉴定,将3 ～6 mL含有细胞5×106～1×107的细胞悬液,通过颈动脉移植途径植入10例帕金森病患者体内.每周1次,移植3次后,对患者进行移植前后帕金森病统一评分量表(UPDRS)和改良的Webster评分,并评估移植后不良反应.结果 脐带源间充质干细胞贴壁成漩涡状生长,CD73,CD90,CD105呈阳性表达;CD14,CD19,CD34,CD45,HLA-DR呈阴性表达.经颈动脉移植后,患者移植前后UPDRS评分具有显著性差异(P＜0.01),Webster评分有效改善患者行走姿势、震颤程度,自主运动及坐、起运动能力得到提高.结论 患者移植HUMSCs后能够有效控制帕金森病的发病进程,有效改善受损的脑组织功能,提高患者生活质量.     

脐动脉血流测定与胎儿脐带绕颈

目的 :研究脐血流测定对脐带绕颈的预后评估。方法 :对 2 8例B超诊断为脐带绕颈的胎儿产前进行了脐动脉血流S/D值的测定 ,追踪观察围产儿出生时羊水性状、Apgar评分、脐带绕颈情况。 结果 :2 8例B超诊断为脐带绕颈的胎儿产时有 5例未发现脐带绕颈 ;而且S/D值 <3 .0的 2 4例 ,围产结局良好 ;S/D值 >3 .0的 4例 ,娩出时均是脐带绕颈很紧 ,其中 3例羊水粪染 ,Apgar评分均 <7分。结论 :S/D值可作为衡量脐带绕颈对胎儿危害程度的一种方法 ,结合B超为临床决定分娩方式提供依据     

Chemokine Profile of Human Serum from Whole Blood: Migratory Effects of CXCL-10 and CXCL-11 on Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Autologous human serum is used in cartilage repair and may exert its effect by the recruitment of mesenchymal stem and progenitor cells (MSC). Aim of our study was to analyze the chemokine profile of human serum and to verify chemotactic activity of selected chemokines on MSC. Human MSC were isolated from iliac crest bone marrow aspirates. Chemotactic activity of human serum made from whole blood and pharma grade serum was tested in 96-well chemotaxis assays and chemokine levels were analyzed using human chemokine antibody membrane arrays. The chemotactic potential of selected chemokines on MSC was tested dose dependently using chemotaxis assays. Human serum derived from whole blood significantly attracted human MSC, while pharma grade serum did not recruit MSC. Human chemokine antibody array analysis showed that the level of chemokines CXCL-3, 5, 7-8, 10-12, 16; CCL- 2, 5, 11, 13, 16-20, 24-25, 27; as well as XCL-1 was elevated (fold change >1.5) in serum derived from whole blood compared to nonrecruiting pharma grade serum. Chemotaxis assays showed that the chemokines IP-10/CXCL-10 and I-TAC/CXCL-11 significantly recruit human MSC. PARC/CCL-18, HCC-4/CCL-16, CTACK/CCL-27, and Lymphotactin/XCL-1 showed no chemotactic effect on MSC. Therefore, human serum derived from whole blood contains chemokines that may contribute to serum-mediated recruitment of human mesenchymal progenitors from bone marrow.     

银杏叶提取物对糖尿病患者外周血内皮祖细胞GPX及Caspase-3活性的影响

目的:观察银杏叶提取物(GBE)对2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者外周血内皮祖细胞(EPCs)中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)及特异性半胱氨酸蛋白酶-3(Caspase-3)表达的影响。方法:取T2DM患者(实验组)和正常人(对照组)外周血分离单个核细胞,在包被有纤维连接蛋白的培养板中加入含血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、表皮生长因子(EGF)等的M199培养基,诱导EPCs分化,48h后去除悬浮细胞,继续培养,于培养第6天加入不同浓度GBE(0mg/L、6.75mg/L、12.50mg/L、25.00mg/L、50.00mg/L)干预24h后,用紫外分光光度计检测培养上清液中GPX活性,用酶标仪检测培养细胞Caspase-3活性。结果:相同GBE浓度时,实验组GPX活性较对照组明显降低(P<0.05),Caspase-3活性较对照组明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:GBE对T2DM患者EPCs有保护作用,其机制可能与抗氧化和减少自由基生成有关。     

肝细胞生长因子对冠心病患者外周血内皮祖细胞迁移、粘附功能的影响

目的 观察肝细胞生长因子（hepatocyte growth factor,HGF）对体外培养的冠心病（coronary heart disease,CHD）患者外周血内皮祖细胞（endothelial progenitor cells,EPCs）生物学功能的影响,为CHD患者应用HGF治疗提供基础.方法 选择CHD患者（CHD组）和非CHD患者（对照组）各30例,每组再随机分为重组人HGF（rhHGF）干预组和非rhHGF干预组,ELISA法检测血浆中HGF含量.收集CHD患者外周血单个核细胞,流式细胞仪检测EPCs数量,并体外选择培养EPCs,分别用MTT法、Transwell小室、黏附测定实验检测rhHGF对EPCs增殖、迁移和粘附能力的影响.结果 与对照组相比,CHD组患者外周血EPCs数量显著减少,血浆HGF含量显著升高（P＜0.01）;CHD组患者EPCs增殖、黏附和迁移能力明显下降（P＜0.05）.rhHGF干预组能明显促进CHD患者EPCs增殖、黏附和迁移能力;在非CHD组,rhHGF仅促进非CHD患者EPCs增殖,对黏附和迁移虽有改善,但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 CHD患者EPCs的增殖、迁移和粘附等生物学功能在HGF的刺激下可明显增强,有望将HGF应用于CHD的治疗.     

Low Body Mass Index Is Associated with Increased Risk of Acute GVHD after Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation in Children and Young Adults with Acute Leukemia: A Study on Behalf of Eurocord and the EBMT Pediatric Disease Working Party

Body mass index (BMI) may influence outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, the impact of BMI on survival in children undergoing HSCT is not well defined, with conflicting results being reported on this issue. We analyzed 855 patients age 2 to 20 years with diagnosis of acute leukemia who underwent umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) from 1990 to 2015. Patients were classified according to BMI as normal (fifth to 85th percentile), underweight (less than fifth percentile), overweight (85th to 95th percentile), and obese (>95th percentile) using growth charts for age and sex. All patients received single-unit UCBT after a myeloablative conditioning regimen. Diagnosis was acute lymphoblastic leukemia in 68% of the patients. Sixty-one percent of patients (n?=?523) were in the normal BMI category, 11% (n?=?96) were underweight, 16% (n?=?137) overweight, and 12% (n?=?99) obese. The cumulative incidence of grade II to IV acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) was 35% (32% to 38%). According to pretransplantation BMI, aGVHD was 46% (33% to 59%) for underweight, 34% (31% to 42%) for normal, 36% (18% to 38%) for overweight, and 27% (15% to 37%) for obese (P?=?.04). In multivariate analysis, a BMI less than the fifth percentile was associated with higher incidence of acute grade II to IV GVHD compared with normal-BMI patients (hazard ratio,? 1.61; 95% confidence interval, 1.15 to 2.26; P?=?.006). Our results show that being underweight at the time of transplantation is associated with an increased risk of aGVHD, highlighting the importance of nutritional status before UCBT.     

G-CSF-Mobilized Blood and Bone Marrow Grafts as the Source of Stem Cells for HLA-Identical Sibling Transplantation in Patients with Thalassemia Major

As an inherited anemia, thalassemia major (TM) is currently only curable with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Here we report an allo-HSCT protocol for patients with TM who received a combination of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-primed bone marrow and peripheral blood stem cells (G-BM & PBSCs) from a matched sibling donor (MSD). The conditioning regimen consisted of i.v. busulfan, cyclophosphamide, fludarabine, and antithymocyte globulin. Chimerism analysis was performed for all patients. Immunosuppressive treatment was terminated if rejection was suspected, and donor lymphocyte infusion was administered once no response was observed. A total of 184 patients with TM were enrolled in the study between July 2007 and July 2018. The cumulative incidence of grade II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was 13.1%, and that of moderate or severe chronic GVHD was 5.7%. The cumulative incidence of graft rejection was .6%. In the total cohort, the 3-year overall survival, thalassemia-free survival, and GVHD-free, relapse-free survival were 97.8%, 97.3%, and 89.5%, respectively. Collectively, our results indicate that G-BM & PBSCs from an MSD is be a good stem cell source for patients with TM undergoing allo-HSCT.     

Challenge to Predict Mobilized Peripheral Blood Stem Cells on the Fourth Day of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Treatment in Healthy Donors: Predictive Value of Basal CD34+ Cell and Platelet Counts

A longitudinal, prospective, observational, single-center cohort study on healthy donors was designed to identify predictors of CD34⁺ cell mobilization on day 4 after granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) administration. As potential predictors of mobilization, age, sex, body weight, height, blood volume, WBC count, peripheral blood (PB) mononuclear cell count, platelet (Plt) count, and hematocrit and hemoglobin levels were considered. Two different evaluations of CD34⁺ cell counts were determined for each donor: baseline (before G-CSF administration) and in PB on day 4 after G-CSF administration. One hundred twenty-two consecutive healthy donors with a median age of 47.5 years were enrolled. The median value of CD34⁺ on day 4 was 43 cells/µL (interquartile range, 23 to 68), and 81.1% of donors had ≥20 cells/µL. Basal WBC count, Plt count, and CD34⁺ were significantly higher for the subjects with CD34⁺ levels over median values on day 4. A multivariate quartile regression analysis, adjusted by sex, age, basal CD34⁺, and basal Plt count, showed a progressively stronger relationship between baseline CD34⁺ and Plt levels and the CD34⁺ levels on day 4. The basal CD34⁺ cut-off level to predict the levels of CD34⁺ on day 4 was either ≤2 cells/μL or ≥3 cells/μL and that of basal Plt count was ≤229 × 10⁹/L or ≥230 × 10⁹/L, respectively, to determine whether mobilization therapy should or should not be attempted. PB stem cell mobilization with G-CSF was highly effective on day 4, and herein we describe a model for predicting the probability of performing PB stem cell collection after a short course of G-CSF.