营养与衰老

营养对机体衰老的影响是多方面的。章论述了总热量摄入、糖类、蛋白质,脂肪和类脂质、无机盐、微量元素、维生素、膳食核酸等衰老的关联。     

美食每刻

●新食闻：胡萝卜整个烤 你是怎么吃胡萝卜的呢？榨汁？蒸熟？切块和肉一起炖？嘿嘿,让美国科学家来告诉你最健康的胡萝卜吃法吧!大家都知道,如果生吃胡萝卜的话,其中最有益于身体的营养成分“胡萝卜素”几乎不会被人体所吸收,所以首先我们要明确“吃胡萝卜最好吃熟的”这一点。     

肠内外营养在重症胰腺炎治疗中的应用及护理

目的：通过肠内、外营养支持治疗重症胰腺炎（ASP）的临床效果比较,了解肠内营养（EN）的可行性及其优势;探讨重症胰腺炎护理的有效措施.方法：将65例ASP病人随机分为肠外营养（PN）组和EN组.分别观察营养支持后第1、7、14天的营养状况、免疫学的指标,同时比较并发症、感染率、死亡率、住院天数及费用.结果：给予营养支持后,两组血清白蛋白、血清前白蛋白、血清转铁蛋白显著升高,血糖、血淀粉酶也明显降低（P＜0.05）;PN组IgA较治疗初期有明显降低（P＜0.05）,而EN组略有升高;EN组的并发症、感染率、死亡率及其住院天数和费用均低于PN组（P＜0.05）.结论：在无绝对禁忌证的情况下,尽早给予EN是安全和有效的,可以明显改善ASP患者的营养状况,减少并发症,提高生存率,降低住院费用,缩短住院时间,并取得满意效果.     

Nutrition and lactation.

Recommended dietary allowances for women during pregnancy are discussed in the light of actual intakes both in the developing and industrialized countries. The difference between total energy intakes in the industrialized countries (around 2900 kcal) and in the developing countries (around 1600 kcal) is emphasized. Data are provided from The Gambia which demonstrate the effect of seasonal changes in maternal dietary intake on the quantity of breast milk produced and on its quality. The relationship between breast-milk supply and infant growth is also demonstrated.