口外弓椎磨牙向后治疗安氏Ⅱ类1分错He的分析研究

目的：探讨口外弓椎磨牙向后治疗安氏Ⅱ类１分类错Ｈｅ的机制。方法：对１２例安氏Ⅱ类Ｉ分类错Ｈｅ的少年进行口外弓椎磨牙向后治疗,第二期用方丝弓矫治器治疗;对两期相关的软硬组织进行Ｘ线头影测量。结果：口外弓椎磨牙向后治疗的治疗使颌骨、牙齿、软组织有不同程度的改变,主要通过抑制上颌骨,使下颌正常生长而使ＡＮＢ明显减小;口外力了使上中切牙倾斜度明显减小。方丝弓矫治器使治疗更完善。结论：口外弓椎磨牙向后配合方     

口外弓推磨牙远移矫治安氏Ⅱ类错牙合12例临床分析

目的　研究口外弓推上颌磨牙远移矫治安氏Ⅱ类错牙合后的组织变化。方法　用口外弓推磨牙远移治疗 12例安氏Ⅱ类错牙合。通过治疗前后X线测量及模型测量进行分析比较。结果　磨牙关系均被纠正至安氏Ⅰ类关系。结论　口外弓推磨牙远移配合方丝弓矫治器是矫治安氏Ⅱ类错牙合简便有效的方法之一     

口外弓推磨牙远移矫治安氏Ⅱ类错12例临床分析

目的　研究口外弓推上颌磨牙远移矫治安氏Ⅱ类错牙合后的组织变化。方法　用口外弓推磨牙远移治疗 12例安氏Ⅱ类错牙合。通过治疗前后X线测量及模型测量进行分析比较。结果　磨牙关系均被纠正至安氏Ⅰ类关系。结论　口外弓推磨牙远移配合方丝弓矫治器是矫治安氏Ⅱ类错牙合简便有效的方法之一     

改良摆式矫治器联合口外弓矫治安氏Ⅱ~1错19例报告

目的 :探讨改良摆式矫治器联合口外弓矫治安氏Ⅱ1错牙合的临床疗效。方法 :应用改良摆式矫治器及口外弓对 19例平均年龄 13 .4岁 ,第二磨牙已萌出的牙性安氏Ⅱ1错牙合进行治疗 ,进行矫治前后X线头影测量分析。结果 :改良摆式矫治器联合口外弓 ,能同时推第一、第二磨牙向远中移动 ,直至磨牙为Ⅰ类或偏近中关系 ,上颌磨牙平均每月向远中移动 1.3mm。并能同步打开咬合 ,导下颌向前。结论 :改良摆式矫治器联合口外弓矫治牙性Ⅱ1错牙合是一种较好的方法。     

改良摆式矫治器联合口外弓矫治安氏Ⅱ1错（牙合）19例报告

目的:探讨改良摆式矫治器联合口外弓矫治安氏Ⅱ1错牙合的临床疗效.方法:应用改良摆式矫治器及口外弓对19例平均年龄13.4岁,第二磨牙已萌出的牙性安氏Ⅱ1错牙合进行治疗,进行矫治前后X线头影测量分析.结果:改良摆式矫治器联合口外弓,能同时推第一、第二磨牙向远中移动,直至磨牙为Ⅰ类或偏近中关系,上颌磨牙平均每月向远中移动1.3 mm.并能同步打开咬合,导下颌向前.结论:改良摆式矫治器联合口外弓矫治牙性Ⅱ1错牙合是一种较好的方法.     

口外弓推磨牙远移矫治安氏Ⅱ类错殆12例临床分析

目的 研究口外弓推上颌磨牙远移矫治安氏Ⅱ类错殆后的组织变化。方法 用口外弓推磨牙远移治疗12例安氏Ⅱ类错he。通过治疗前后X线测量及模型测量进行分析比较。结果 磨牙关系均被纠正至安氏Ⅰ类关系。结论 口外弓推磨牙远移配合方丝弓矫治器是矫治安氏Ⅱ类错he简便有效的方法之一。     

口外弓在治疗安氏Ⅱ1错(牙合)中的应用

安氏Ⅱ1错(牙合)是一种临床上常见的错(牙合)畸形,口外弓作为一种有效的推磨牙往远中装置,临床上用来矫治远中磨牙关系,以达到中性,减少安氏Ⅱ1错(牙合)的拔牙率.本文对处于生长发育期的安氏Ⅱ类1分类患者行口外弓配合方丝弓矫治技术,取得了较好的疗效.     

口外弓单侧推磨牙向远中矫治安氏II类亚类错[牙合]临床报告

目的：探讨采用口外弓单侧推磨牙向远中矫治安氏II类亚类错[牙合]的临床效果。方法：选择恒牙列早期安氏II类亚类错[牙合]病例15例。年龄9一12岁,上颌第二磨牙尚未萌出,头影测量大致正常。取成品对称口外弓,在II类磨牙关系一侧,在口外弓的内弓套入螺旋推簧,施加200g力推磨牙远移。I类咬合关系一侧,将内弓弯成U形,起到平衡作用。为防止磨牙移动,整排牙列连续结扎。结果：推磨牙远移的时间4—7个月,平均5．5个月。磨牙远移距离3．5mm-6．0mm,平均远移4．4mm（UP0．8mm／每月）。磨牙远移结束后,II类磨牙关系改变成I类咬合关系,原来I类关系侧基本不变。磨牙远移到位后,再装配直丝弓矫治器完成矫治。结论：口外弓配合螺簧单侧推磨牙向远中,可顺利完成对安氏II类亚类错[牙合]的矫治,疗效满意。     

《经典方丝弓矫治技术技术原理与操作步骤详解》

卢海平周彦恒吴建勇主编人民卫生出版社出版第一章安氏Ⅰ类1分类双颌前突畸形拔除14、24、34、44使用经典方丝弓矫治器定向力矫治系统治疗第二章安氏Ⅱ类1分类错牙合畸形拔除14、24、35、45使用经典方丝弓矫治器定向力矫治系统治疗第三章安氏Ⅱ类1分类双颌前突错牙合畸形拔除14、24、34、44使用经典方丝弓矫治器定向力矫治系统治疗定价:128.0元     

牙弓狭窄的安氏Ⅱ类Ⅰ分类错畸形的非拔牙矫治

目的　探讨牙弓狭窄的安氏Ⅱ类Ⅰ分类错牙合畸形不拔牙矫治的可能性。方法　对 8例平均年龄为 12 .3岁、7|7未萌出的牙弓狭窄型安氏Ⅱ类Ⅰ分类错牙合畸形病例 ,采用方丝弓固定矫治器扩弓与推上磨牙向后相结合的方法的不拔牙矫治。结果　治疗前后X线头影测量项目的比较显示 ,治疗后上颌中切牙的突度与轴倾度明显改善 ,上下颌骨关系相对协调 ,侧貌明显改善 ,前牙覆牙合覆盖正常 ,磨牙牙合关系Ⅰ类。结论　在一定的适应证下 ,安氏Ⅱ类Ⅰ分类错牙合畸形的不拔牙矫治是可行的     

First premolar extractions and fixed appliances in the Class II division 1 malocclusion

This cephalometric study investigates the changes in the facial skeleton and dento-alveolar structures which occur during orthodontic treatment of the Class II Division 1 malocclusion by extraction of four first premolars followed by fixed appliances. The Begg and edgewise appliances are compared, and both are contrasted with a group of untreated Class II Division 1 subjects. The main effects of treatment were in the dento-alveolar structures, the changes in the overall facial pattern being small and largely due to extrusion of the molars during overbite reduction. Molar extrusion tended to interrupt forward growth rotation of the mandible, temporarily making it more backwards in direction, and increasing the lower anterior face height. An increase in the posterior lower face height was also noted in the edgewise group. Whilst SN A, and therefore AN B, reduced significantly during treatment, this was probably the result of palatal root torque to the upper incisors. The Begg appliance was more successful than edgewise in this respect.     

Un caso di distalizzazione molare attraverso l’uso delle forze direzionali secondo Tweed-Merrifield

Objectives

To describe a case of severe skeletal and dental malocclusion (Class II) in an actively growing child. The facial disharmony consisted in upper incisor protrusion and a profile characterized by a marked convexity, protrusion of the upper lip, and retrusion of the cutaneous chin. The general objectives were: (1) eliminate the arrest in mandibular growth; (2) exert an orthopedic effect on upper maxilla; (3) correct molar and canine relationships; and (4) improve the facial profile.

Materials and methods

Given the child's age, an excellent mandibular response could still be expected. The parents were informed that the boy's cooperation was essential for the success of the treatment. Treatment consisted in: (1) application to the upper arch of a standard edgewise multibracket appliance (0.021 x 0.028) based on the Tweed-Merrifield Directional Force System; (2) orthopedic treatment of the upper maxilla involving application of high extraoral traction (HpHg) (arch 0.018 x 0.025); (3) evaluation of results achieved with repeat radiography; (4) application of an appliance to the lower arch; (5) continuation of therapy to achieve correct dental relationships (arch 0.019 x 0,025). Use of high extraoral traction (HpHg), Class II elastic bands, and intermaxillary elastics; (6) removal of the appliance and application of an upper Hawley appliance and lower retainer 3/3.

Results and conclusions

The final results were very good in terms of esthetics (occlusal and skeletal). Thanks to the child's full cooperation, both problems were fully resolved with only 29 months of active correction and 12 months’ use of a removable night-time retainer.     

Orthodontic treatment combined with mandibular distraction osteogenesis and changes in stomatognathic function

We performed an orthodontic treatment combined with mandibular distraction osteogenesis in a 15-year-old patient who wanted a correction of a chin deficiency and a protruding upper lip. The patient had an Angle Class II division 1 malocclusion with mandibular retrusion, a low mandibular plane angle, and scissors bite. First, a quad-helix appliance was applied to the mandibular dentition to correct the scissors bite in the bilateral premolar region. Later, a preadjusted edgewise appliance was applied to the maxillary and mandibular teeth. After 3 days, a mandibular distraction osteogenesis was performed. During and after the distraction, the open bite between the upper and lower dental arches was corrected using up and down elastics. The total treatment time with the edgewise appliance was 14 months. A skeletal Class I apical base relationship, good facial profile, and optimum intercuspation of the teeth were achieved with the treatment. The jaw-movement pattern on the frontal view did not change during gum chewing. However, the maximum gap without pain increased. The electromyographic (EMG) activity of the masseter and anterior temporalis muscles, and maximum occlusal force increased. The present case report suggests that an orthodontic treatment combined with mandibular distraction osteogenesis in a patient with mandibular retrusion in the late growth period might be effective for improving stomatognathic function.     

颈牵引装置矫治替牙期安氏Ⅱ类1分类错he矫治时机的临床探讨

目的比较替牙早期及替牙晚期骨性安氏Ⅱ类1分类错(牙合)行口外颈牵引治疗的疗效,探讨合适的矫治时机.方法样本包括11例替牙早期患者及15例替牙晚期患者,均为骨性安氏Ⅱ类1分类错(牙合),ANB≥5°,分别予以口外颈牵引治疗.治疗前后摄取X线头颅侧位定位片,进行头影测量及统计学分析.2组治疗前后比较采用配对t检验,2组之间采用团体t检验.结果2组上颌骨生长均受到了抑制,SNA角、上颌骨长度(A-Ptm)及ANB角均有减小.U1-SN角减小,上前牙前突得到改善.2组比较,替牙晚期组变化更明显,2组之间有显著性差异(P＜0.01).而上颌第1恒磨牙远移距离在2组间则无显著性差异(P＜0.01).结论在替牙晚期对骨性安氏Ⅱ类1分类错(牙合)患者行口外颈牵引治疗较为合适,有利于恒牙期的二期矫正治疗.     

Treatment of Class II, division 1, cases with a maxillary traction splint

Class II, division 1 cases are treated by many different techniques depending on the age of the patient and cause of the malocclusion. To overcome the undesirable effects of headgear on anchor teeth, a removable appliance, the maxillary traction splint, is used with extraoral forces. In this study, 15 patients with maxillary dentoalveolar protrusions and Class II, division 1, malocclusions were treated with a maxillary traction splint. Cephalograms taken before and after treatment and the sagittal skeletal and dental changes were evaluated and quantified. The results showed that use of the maxillary traction splint prior to fixed appliance therapy is effective in correcting dentoalveolar protrusion in growing patients.     

Treatment effects of the mandibular anterior repositioning appliance in patients with Class II skeletal malocclusions

Objective:To examine the changes produced by the mandibular anterior repositioning appliance (MARA) appliance and compare the treatment effects to an untreated Class II control group.Materials and Methods:Thirty consecutively treated patients were matched with an untreated control group. Lateral cephalograms were taken at T1, 5 months pre-MARA (CVMS 2.7); T2, immediately after MARA removal and prior to placement of full fixed edgewise appliances (CVMS 4.2); and T3, at least 2 years after MARA removal and completion of edgewise treatment (CVMS 5.4). The mean age of the MARA patients was 11.9 years for boys and 10.8 years for girls. Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess if the samples were morphologically comparable at the outset and to test if there were significant differences between the groups for the various increments of change. Given a significant ANOVA, the source of the difference was explored via Tukey-Kramer tests.Results:Restriction of maxillary growth and no significant mandibular growth were observed with the MARA appliance. The Class II correction was obtained mainly by slight maxillary molar distalization and intrusion, in addition to mesial migration of the lower molars and flaring of the lower incisors. No vertical effect was observed with this appliance.Conclusion:The MARA appliance was effective in the treatment of Class II malocclusions. Restriction of maxillary growth and dentoalveolar changes in the maxillary and mandibular arches were responsible for the correction of the Class II malocclusion. Significant mandibular growth did not contribute to this correction.     

Short-term anteroposterior treatment effects of functional appliances and extraoral traction on class II malocclusion. A meta-analysis

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the anteroposterior short-term skeletal and dental effects on Class II malocclusion in growing patients following treatment with functional appliances (activators or twin block), extraoral traction, or combination appliances (appliances with both functional and extraoral traction components), based on published data. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature search was carried out identifying a total of nine prospective clinical trials. The data provided in the publications underwent meta-analysis using the random effects model with regard to SNA, SNB, ANB, and overjet. RESULTS: All appliance groups showed an improvement in sagittal intermaxillary relationships (decrease in ANB) when compared to untreated subjects. Activators and twin block appliances accomplish this mainly by acting on the mandible (increases in SNB) while twin block appliances also seem to act on the maxilla (decrease in SNA). Extraoral traction appliances achieve this by acting on the maxilla (decreases in SNA). Combination appliances mainly act on the mandible (increase in SNB). Activators, twin block, and combination appliances also reveal a decrease in overjet, which is not the case in the singular use of extraoral traction. CONCLUSIONS: Intermaxillary changes being present in all appliance groups, anteroposterior treatment response following the use of functional appliances and/or extraoral traction in growing class II malocclusion patients is most evident in one of the two jaws (mandible for activators and combination appliances and maxilla for extraoral traction) except for the twin block group, which shows changes on both jaws.     

The outcome of a two-phase treatment in a patient with Angle Class II,Division 1 malocclusion and an excessive overjet

This article describes a two-phase orthodontic approach to treating a young adolescent girl that had Angle Class II, Division 1 malocclusion associated with an excessive incisor overjet caused by prolonged digit sucking. The Phase I treatment utilized a tongue crib and a straight-pull headgear appliance during puberty and achieved significant improvements in the facial profile. The Phase II treatment involved edgewise appliances, a transpalatal arch and a straight-pull headgear appliance without extraction of permanent teeth. Dental and skeletal corrections were made with the two-phase treatment and stable occlusion and good facial proportion were obtained.     

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分析非拔牙矫治中应用口外弓治疗深覆盖的临床效果及软硬组织变化.方法 2002-2010年在中国医科大学口腔医学院正畸科治疗的恒牙(牙合)AngleⅡ1患者36例.应用固定矫治配合使用口外弓,比较治疗前后23项头影测量指标,采用配对t检验进行统计学分析.结果 骨性指标中,SNA、ANB、Wits距、A-Ptv治疗后减小(均P＜ 0.01),下颌仅Go-Gn及垂直向指标N-ANS、ANS-Me治疗后增加(均P＜0.05);牙性指标中,U1-PP角、U1-Ptv、U6-Ptv、Overjet治疗后均减小(P＜0.01),L6-Ptv增大(P＜0.01);软组织指标中,Upper-lip、Z角增大(均P＜ 0.05).结论 矫治前后患者的相关指标,显著性改变主要发生在上颌,尤其是矢状向的变化.口外弓颈牵引能有效改善恒牙(牙合)期深覆盖,纠正磨牙关系,改善软组织侧貌.