旱莲草的抗炎作用及机制研究

旱莲草水煎剂５，１５ｇ／ｋｇ，连续７ｄ灌胃给药，对巴豆油所致小鼠耳廊肿胀，醋酸引起的小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高以及组织胺引起的大鼠皮肤毛细血管通透性增高均有明显的抑制作用；对角叉菜胶，甲醛所致大鼠足垫肿胀也有显著的抑制作用，摘除双侧肾上腺后其抗炎作用仍然存在。旱莲草还能显著抑制大鼠棉球肉芽组织增生，抑制角叉菜胶所致胸腔渗出液中白细胞的数量及炎性组织中ＰＧＥ的含量。     

姜总酮对实验性血栓形成的影响

研究观察了生姜提取物姜总酮（ＴｏｔａｌＫｅｔｏｎｅｏｆＧｉｎｇｅｒ，ＴＫＧ）对大鼠颈动脉血栓和小鼠肺血栓形成的影响及急性毒性实验。结果用ＴＫＧ（１０，２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）可使大鼠颈动脉血流阻塞时间（ＯＴ）明显延长，ＴＫＧ（２０，４０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）可使胶原和肾上腺素形成的诱导剂所致小鼠病死率明显减少，腹腔注射ＴＫＧ的ＬＤ５０及９５％可信限为：５５７．０４ｍｇ／ｋｇ（４３０．９４～７２０．０４ｍｇ／ｋｇ），结果提示ＴＫＧ有较强的抑制血栓形成作用     

山茱萸总甙的抗炎免疫抑制作用

为了研究山茱萸总甙的体内抗炎免疫抑制作用，进行实验。发现总甙２、１ｇ／ｋｇ剂量时能显著地抑制ＮＩＨ小鼠单核吞噬系统对刚果红的廓清（Ｐ＜００１）。１００、０５０、０２５ｇ／ｋｇ以及４０、２０ｇ／ｋｇ各个剂量时，能分别显著抑制角叉菜胶所致小鼠及大鼠足爪肿胀（Ｐ＜００１，Ｐ＜００５）；而在０６、０３ｇ／ｋｇ剂量时，能明显抑制由弗氏完全佐剂诱导的关节炎所引起的注射局部的早期炎症反应和１２ｄ后的再度肿胀（Ｐ＜００１；Ｐ＜００５），又明显抑制另侧后肢因迟发性超敏反应所引起的足肿胀（Ｐ＜００１；Ｐ＜００５）；当０１５ｇ／ｋｇ剂量时，连续给药１２ｄ后，表现出对再度肿胀及另侧后肢肿胀的明显抑制作用（Ｐ＜００１；Ｐ＜００５），且具有一定的量效关系。证明了山茱萸总甙有良好的抗炎免疫抑制作用。     

玉竹提取物（PAOA）对小鼠淋巴细胞转化的影响

本文观察了玉竹提取物（ＰＡＯＡ）腹腔注射，用量在１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ、２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ、３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ，对小鼠淋巴细胞转化的影响。结果表明ＰＡＯＡ对其淋巴细胞转化均有抑制作用（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示此药可能抑制Ｔ细胞介导的免疫功能。     

硫普罗宁对实验性肝损伤的保护作用

目的：观察硫普罗宁（ＭＰＧ）对小鼠实验性肝损伤的保护作用。方法：采用Ｄ－氨基半乳糖（ＤＡＧ）和乙醇（Ｅｔｈ）所致动物肝损伤的方法来研究ＭＰＧ的保肝作用。结果：ＭＰＧ灌胃剂量为１２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ·ｄ及２５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ·ｄ，对ＤＡＧ和Ｅｔｈ所致的小鼠急性肝损伤有明显的保护作用。表现在ＭＰＧ能使血清中ＡＬＴ、ＡＳＴ明显降低，甘油三酯蓄积量减少，肝细胞变性坏死明显减轻。结论：ＭＰＧ具有防治由ＤＡＧ和Ｅｔｈ所致的肝损伤作用。     

东莨菪碱与绞股蓝皂甙XLⅢ对记忆调节系统Glu／GABA的作用比较

采用跳台法研究药物对小鼠的学习记忆获得过程的影响，ｉｐ绞股蓝皂甙ＸＬⅢ（ＧｙｎＸＬⅢ）１５ｍｇ／ｋｇ对小鼠的学习记忆获得过程无影响（Ｐ〉０．０５），３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ可增强小鼠的学习记忆获得过程（Ｐ〈０．０５），东莨菪碱０．３ｍｇ／ｋｇ造成小鼠出现明显的记忆障碍（Ｐ〈０．０１）。ＧｙｎＸＬⅢ３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ显著提高脑内Ｇｌｕ水平（Ｐ〈０．０５），明显降低ＧＡＢＡ水平（Ｐ〈０．０５）；东莨菪碱（Ｓｃｏｐ）     

硝酸铈对小白鼠胃肠推进运动的影响

目的：研究硝酸铈对哺乳动物胃肠运动的影响，并作初步的机制分析。方法：以碳末胶液在小鼠小肠推进距离占小肠全长的百分数为指标，研究硝酸铈对胃肠推进运动的影响。结果：（１）低剂量（２、４、８、１６ｍｇ／ｋｇ）对胃肠推进运动影响不大；高剂量（３２和６４ｍｇ／ｋｇ）有抑制胃肠推进运动的作用。且随剂量的增加，抑制作用加强；（２）硝酸铈灌胃或腹腔注射对胃肠推进运动抑制明显（Ｐ＜０．０５）；而皮下或静脉注射对胃肠推进运动影响不大（Ｐ＞０．０５）；（３）硝酸铈对胃肠推进运动的抑制作用，可因注射酚妥拉明而阻断；（４）小鼠胃肠对硝酸铈有耐受性。结论：硝酸铈对胃肠推进运动的抑制作用是直接作用于胃肠，从而抑制小肠运动并减慢其内容物推进速度的结果。     

毛萼香茶菜提出物的抗炎抑菌作用

毛萼香茶菜提取物腹腔注射２００ｍｇ／ｋｇ可抑制组织胺引起的小鼠肠系膜浆液渗出性炎症；灌胃给药２００ｍｇ／ｋｇ可抑制鲜鸡蛋清所小鼠急性踝关节肿胀，并可抑制角叉菜胶所致大鼠急笥踝关节肿胀；皮下注射５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ可阻滞灭菌棉球所致的结缔组织增生；６．６－１５．０ｍｇ／ｍｌ对八叠球菌，金黄色葡萄球菌，四联球菌，肺炎杆菌及枯草杆菌等有抑菌作用     

硒和锗对镉所致大鼠肝脏脂质过氧化的影响

采用给大鼠腹腔注射硒（０．４ｍｇ／ｋｇ），锗（７５ｍｇ／ｋｇ）或镉（１ｍｇ／ｋｇ）的方法，研究硒和锗对镉所致大鼠肝脏脂质过氧化作用的影响，结果表明，给大鼠连续腹腔注射镉（１ｍｇ／ｋｇ）３ｄ，可显著增强大鼠肝脏脂质过氧化作用，注射硒，锗可分别拮抗镉的脂质过氧化作用，但锗对镉所致大鼠脏微粒体，线粒体谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性下降有明显影响；将硒，锗剂量减半联合应用，也能拮抗镉所致大鼠肝脏的脂质过氧化作用，     

氯苯扎利二钠的抗炎作用

报道氯苯扎利二钠（ＣＣＡ）对几种动物炎症模型的影响。结果表明，大剂量ＣＣＡ（１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ，ｉ．ｐ．）对角叉菜胶所致大鼠足肿胀及二甲苯诱发的小鼠耳部肿胀两种急性炎症模型有明显抑制作用；ＣＣＡ连续用药６天可明显抑制大鼠琼脂肉芽肿，对炎症的晚期反应亦有影响；ＣＣＡ对ＡＡ大鼠的急性炎症相及继发性炎症相均有抑制作用，以１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ剂量组效果最好。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.