HPLC法测定酮洛芬凝胶剂的含量

目的:探讨高效液相色谱法(HPLC) 测定酮洛芬凝胶剂的含量.方法:采用Agilent C18色谱柱(200mm×4.6mm,5μm) ,以磷酸二氢钾溶液-乙腈(50:50)为流动相,流速为1.0ml·min-1,检测波长为255nm.结果:酮洛芬在3.9984～23.9904μg·ml-1范围内,线性关系良好;平均回收率为99.35%,RSD＝0.75%(n=6).结论:该方法结果准确,精密度和重现性好,可用于酮洛芬凝胶剂的质量控制.     

HPLC法测定β-榄香烯脂质体药物含量及包封率

目的:建立β-榄香烯脂质体药物含量及包封率测定的 HPLC 法。方法:采用 Diamonsil C_(18)(4.6 mm×200 mm,5μm)色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-水(80:20),流速1.0 mL·min~(-1),检测波长210 nm,柱温25℃,进样量20μL。采用葡聚糖凝胶(Sephadex G-50)柱分离脂质体中游离药物。结果:在本色谱条件下β-榄香烯与辅料及溶剂峰分离良好,β-榄香烯浓度在5.0～60.0μg·mL~(-1)范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9994),精密度试验的 RSD 为1.4%～4.2%(n=5),重复性试验的 RSD 为3.1%(n=5),平均回收率为101.8%(n=15)。结论:该方法简便、易行,可用于β-榄香烯脂质体含量及包封率的测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定脑心舒口服液中杂质5-羟甲基糠醛含量

目的建立测定脑心舒口服液中杂质5-羟甲基糠醛(5-HMF)含量的高效液相色谱法。方法色谱柱为Phenomenex Luna C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液(梯度洗脱),流速为1.0 m L/min,检测波长为284 nm,柱温为30℃,进样量为20μL。结果 5-HMF质量浓度在0.204~76.65μg/m L(r=0.999 7,n=7)范围内与峰面积线性关系良好;精密度、稳定性、重复性试验结果的RSD均小于2.0%(n=6),平均加样回收率为99.18%,RSD为1.61%(n=9)。结论该方法操作简便、结果准确,精密度、稳定性、重复性、耐用性均好,可用于脑心舒口服液中杂质5-HMF含量的测定。     

HPLC法测定酮洛芬粉针剂中酮洛芬的含量

目的探讨高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定酮洛芬粉针剂中酮洛芬的含量。方法采用美国Agilent C18色谱柱(200mm×4.6mm,5μm),以0.01mol.L-1磷酸二氢钾溶液(用磷酸调pH至3.5)-甲醇(55∶45)为流动相,流速为1.0mL.min-1,检测波长为256nm。结果酮洛芬在0.005125~0.05125mg.mL-1范围内呈良好的线性关系,r=0.9996(n=6);平均回收率为99.93%,RSD为0.17%(n=5)。结论该方法结果准确,精密度和重现性好,可用于酮洛芬粉针剂的含量测定。     

HPLC测定复方苦参凝胶剂中苦参碱与辣椒碱的含量

目的:应用高效液相色谱法测定复方苦参凝胶剂中辣椒碱与苦参碱的含量.方法:采用WatersμBONDAPAK C18柱(3.9 mm×300mm,5 μm),乙腈-0.05 mol·L-1磷酸二氢钠溶液-三乙胺(50:50:0.05);用磷酸调整pH值至2.2为流动相;检测波长为227 nm;流速:1.0 ml·min-.结果:辣椒碱线性范围为6.25～200μg·ml-1(r=0.999 9,n=5);苦参碱线性范围为80.0～800.0 μg·ml-1(r=0.999 7,n=5).辣椒碱平均回收率为101.8%(n=9),RSD=1.8%;苦参碱平均回收率为100.7%(n=9),RSD=0.9%.结论:本方法用于凝胶剂中辣椒碱与苦参碱含量的测定简便、快速、灵敏、结果准确.     

HPLC法测定苦参凝胶中苦参碱与氧化苦参碱的含量

目的建立苦参凝胶中苦参碱与氧化苦参碱的含量测定方法。方法采用高效液相色谱法进行测定。色谱柱为Elite hypersil氨基柱(250mm×4.6mm;5μm),乙腈-无水乙醇-3%磷酸溶液(82:10:8)为流动相,检测波长为220nm,柱温为35℃。结果苦参碱和氧化苦参碱分别在9.984～99.84μg和21.84～218.4μg范围内,进样量与峰面积呈良好的线性关系;苦参碱、氧化苦参碱的平均回收率分别为99.2%和99.8%(n=5),RSD分别为1.1%和0.8%;精密度试验RSD分别为1.1%和0.8%(n=5);重复性试验RSD分别为1.1%和1.2%(n=6)。结论本方法简便、准确、重现性好,可同时测定苦参凝胶中苦参碱与氧化苦参碱的含量。     

高效液相色谱法测定盐酸普萘洛尔乳膏的含量

目的 建立测定盐酸普萘洛尔乳膏含量的高效液相色谱法。方法 色谱柱为Diamonsil C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为磷酸二氢钾(含0.1%庚烷磺酸钠的0.05 mol/L)-甲醇(50∶50),流速为1.0 m L/min,检测波长为290 nm。结果 盐酸普萘洛尔质量浓度在97.08~485.4μg/m L范围内与峰面积线性关系良好(r=0.999 7,n=5),平均回收率为98.76%,RSD=2.30%(n=9)。结论 该方法测定盐酸普萘洛尔乳膏的含量简便、准确、重现性好。     

HPLC-RID法测定托吡酯含量及主要有关物质

目的:建立托吡酯含量测定及有关物质检查的方法。方法:采用Phenomenex Luna C8柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),柱温35℃,光学元件温度:35℃;流动相为乙腈-0.01 mol.L-1醋酸铵溶液(用醋酸调节pH为4.2)(1:2),流速为1.0 mL.min-1,示差折光检测器。结果:高效液相色谱法测定的线性范围为:托吡酯5～15 mg.mL-1,相关系数r=0.9999;杂质10～90μg.mL-1,相关系数r=0.9999;日内精密度:托吡酯RSD为0.3%(n=6),杂质RSD为1.0%(n=6);日间精密度:托吡酯RSD为1.0%(n=5),杂质RSD为1.0%(n=5)。结论:方法简单,灵敏度较好,可用于托吡酯的含量检测和主要杂质的研究。     

酮洛芬贴片体外透皮释放方法学研究

目的:建立酮洛芬贴片体外透皮释放方法学。方法 :采用HPLC法测定释放液中酮洛芬的含量,测定条件:DiamonsilC18色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为pH 3.5磷酸盐缓冲液-乙腈-水(2∶53∶45),检测波长为253 nm,流速为1.0mL.min-1,柱温25℃。以裸鼠皮肤为实验皮肤,采用Frans扩散池方法进行三批酮洛芬贴片样品的体外透皮实验。结果:在该HPLC条件下,酮洛芬与其他杂质分离良好,进样量在0.509~40.72μg.mL-1时,酮洛芬浓度与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 9),回收率为101.09%,RSD为1.23%。三批酮洛芬贴片样品的透皮释放速率分别为18.157,17.973,20.001μg.cm-2.h-1,药物透皮释放符合零级动力学过程。结论:本文建立的酮洛芬贴片体外透皮释放方法简便,重现性好,可以用于控制产品质量。     

高效液相色谱法测定金钱草颗粒中槲皮素含量

目的建立测定金钱草颗粒中槲皮素含量的高效液相色谱法。方法色谱柱为Phenomenex Prodigy ODS3 C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.4%磷酸溶液(50∶50),流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为360 nm,柱温为30℃。结果槲皮素质量浓度在10.4～104.0μg/mL范围内与峰面积呈良好线性关系(r=0.999 9),平均回收率为99.92%,RSD=1.07%(n=6)。结论该方法简便、准确、重复性好,可用于测定金钱草颗粒的含量。     

酮洛芬的合成

目的合成酮洛芬.方法以3-氰甲基苯甲酸为起始原料,经过Friedel-Crafts、单甲基化、水解3步得酮洛芬.结果总收率为73.8％,目标产物纯度为99.8％.结论本合成路线成本低、收率高,适合工业化生产.     

Topical ketoprofen patch

Although oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are effective in the treatment of a variety of acute and chronic pain conditions, their use may be associated with serious systemic adverse effects, particularly gastrointestinal disorders. In order to minimise the incidence of systemic events related to such agents, topical NSAIDs have been developed. Topical NSAIDs, applied as gels, creams or sprays, penetrate the skin, subcutaneous fatty tissue and muscle in amounts that are sufficient to exert a therapeutic effect on peripheral and central mechanisms in the absence of high plasma concentrations. Data indicate that topical NSAIDs are effective at relieving pain in a number of acute and chronic pain indications. This review article discusses the pharmacokinetics, efficacy and tolerability of a new formulation of ketoprofen available as a topical patch. The topical patch containing ketoprofen 100mg as the active principle has been developed using a novel delivery system that dispenses therapeutic doses of the drug directly to the site of injury. Pharmacokinetic data indicate that although plasma levels of ketoprofen are higher when the drug is administered as a patch versus a gel, the total systemic bioavailability of ketoprofen 100 mg administered via a patch is no more than 10% of that reported for ketoprofen 100 mg administered orally. Because the patch facilitates ketoprofen delivery over a 24-hour period, the drug remains continually present in the tissue subjacent to the site of application. High tissue but low plasma ketoprofen concentrations mean that while tissue concentrations are high enough to exert a therapeutic effect, plasma concentrations remain low enough to not result in systemic adverse events caused by elevated serum NSAID levels. Phase III clinical trials in patients with non-articular rheumatism and traumatic painful soft tissue injuries showed that the topical ketoprofen patch was significantly more effective than placebo at reducing pain during daily activities and spontaneous pain after 7 days' treatment. Moreover, the topical ketoprofen patch was well tolerated; adverse events were primarily cutaneous in nature and occurred in a similar number of ketoprofen and placebo recipients suggesting that these events were related to the patch itself rather than the active ingredient. The incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events was low (<8% of all patients), and occurred in a similar proportion of patients receiving ketoprofen and placebo. Thus, the topical ketoprofen patch appears to be a simple, effective and safe therapeutic option for the treatment of local painful inflammation.     

酮基布洛芬的合成方法改进

目的 合成酮基布洛芬，提高产品纯度。方法 以3—苄基苯乙酮为原料，通过Darzens缩合，氧化合成目标物。结果与结论 以3—苄基苯乙酮计算，总收率约64％，产品纯度为99．8％。并通过红外吸收光谱(IR)、质谱(Ms)确证了目标物的结构。该合成工艺简单，产品质量好。     

Tableting of coated ketoprofen pellets

Ketoprofen pellets were prepared by the method of extrusion-spheronization, and a film coating of guar gum and Eudragit NE was applied to drug cores using pan technology. In an attempt to design a tablet which, on peroral administration, disintegrates rapidly, releasing intact coated pellets which maintain the integrity of both the cores and their release retarding membrane, Avicel PH101, lactose DT and magnesium stearate were used as excipients to prepare tablets comprising ketoprofen pellets or microcapsules. Preliminary experiments were conducted on uncoated pellets to determine the optimum compression force required to prepare tablets of satisfactory mechanical properties and release profiles. Coated pellets containing ketoprofen were used to investigate the influence of excipients levels. In an attempt to minimize problems associated with blending and segregation of microcapsules and excipients, placebo spheres of Avicel PH101 and lactose DT were produced by the method of extrusionspheronization. The use of placebo spheres produced tablets with improved drug content uniformity and disintegration time. The tensile strength of such compacts was enhanced by excluding magnesium stearate from the mixes without significant problems of sticking or picking. The use of placebo pellets resulted in significant damage to drug microcapsules, which was attributed to the higher hardness and density of the excipients pellets. The role of membrane coating in protecting the drug core during compression was also evaluated.     

The absolute configuration of ketoprofen

(+)-Ketoprofen was obtained from resolution with (S)(+)-2-amino-1-butanol and its absolute configuration was determined to be (S) by chemical correlation with (S)(+)-ethyl hydratropate using Beckmann rearrangement as a key step.     

Pharmacokinetic characteristics of ketoprofen suppositories

The pharmacokinetic profile of ketoprofen suppositories following single and chronic (32 doses) administration to 12 healthy adult male volunteers was established. Each subject received a single rectal dose of 100 mg of ketoprofen on day 1, followed by one suppository of 100 mg b.i.d. for days 8–22, and finally one suppository on day 23. Plasma samples were analysed by gas-liquid chromatography. Following single doses, the mean maximum observed concentrations of ketoprofen in plasma (6·56 μg ml^?1) were achieved at 1·1 h; the mean elimination half-life was 1·78 h. The results indicate that ketoprofen is rapidly and reproducibly absorbed and eliminated from the suppository dose form.     

Gastro-resistant microspheres containing ketoprofen.

Ketoprofen gastroresistant microspheres were prepared by spray-drying using common pH dependent polymers, such as Eudragit S and L, CAP, CAT and HPMCP. The long ketoprofen recrystallization time was a serious hindrance to the preparation of microspheres having a drug content higher than 35%. Microspheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffractometry and in vitro dissolution studies, and used for the preparation of tablets. During this step, the compaction ability of the spray-dried powders was measured. While the compressibility of the microspheres containing the enteric cellulosic derivatives are not acceptable and different from those of the microcrystalline cellulose, the compaction properties of ketoprofen/Eudragit L or S microspheres are comparable to those of the Avicel PH 101. In vitro dissolution studies were performed on the microspheres and the tablets. All microspheres showed a good gastroresistance, but some differences among the five polymers in reducing drug release at low pH values are present. Acrylic polymers (Eudragit L or S) are considerably more effective than the cellulosic derivatives CAP and CAT, while the HPMCP profile is in an intermediate position. These differences are erased by the microspheres compression process. In HCl 0.1 N, the percentage of ketoprofen released from the tablets is always close to zero, independently from the polymer used.     

Tableting of coated ketoprofen pellets

Ketoprofen pellets were prepared by the method of extrusion-spheronization, and a film coating of guar gum and Eudragit NE was applied to drug cores using pan technology. In an attempt to design a tablet which, on peroral administration, disintegrates rapidly, releasing intact coated pellets which maintain the integrity of both the cores and their release retarding membrane, Avicel PH101, lactose DT and magnesium stearate were used as excipients to prepare tablets comprising ketoprofen pellets or microcapsules. Preliminary experiments were conducted on uncoated pellets to determine the optimum compression force required to prepare tablets of satisfactory mechanical properties and release profiles. Coated pellets containing ketoprofen were used to investigate the influence of excipients levels. In an attempt to minimize problems associated with blending and segregation of microcapsules and excipients, placebo spheres of Avicel PH101 and lactose DT were produced by the method of extrusion-spheronization. The use of placebo spheres produced tablets with improved drug content uniformity and disintegration time. The tensile strength of such compacts was enhanced by excluding magnesium stearate from the mixes without significant problems of sticking or picking. The use of placebo pellets resulted in significant damage to drug microcapsules, which was attributed to the higher hardness and density of the excipients pellets. The role of membrane coating in protecting the drug core during compression was also evaluated.     

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ketoprofen plasters

Ketoprofen plasters of 70 cm(2) size using DuroTak acrylic adhesive polymers were developed either containing 30 mg (Ketotop-L) or 60 mg drug (Ketotop-P). The in vitro skin permeation profile was obtained in hairless mouse skin and showed the permeation rate of Ketotop-P to be twice that of Ketotop-L. The plasma concentration profile of ketoprofen was determined in Sprague-Dawley rats after applying a 3 x 3 cm(2) plaster. AUC(0-24h) and C(max) of Ketotop-P were 260.92 microg.h/ml and 25.09 microg/ml, respectively, which were about twice the values of Ketotop-L. The hind paw edema induced by carrageenan injection was measured for 6 h after applying a 2 x 2 cm(2) plaster, and the area under the time-response curve (AUR) value was significantly lower in Ketotop-P attached rats (180.70%.h) than in those with the Ketotop-L (298.65%.h) and the control (407.04%.h) groups, indicating a stronger anti-inflammatory action of Ketotop-P. However, the analgesic effect of the two formulations did not show a statistically significant difference. In conclusion, Ketotop-P was able to achieve higher plasma concentration of ketoprofen, thereby exhibiting higher and more constant anti-inflammatory effect compared with Ketotop-L.