盐酸贝那普利片及活性代谢物在中国健康受试者中的生物等效性研究

目的 评价空腹及餐后状态下单次口服盐酸贝那普利片受试和参比制剂的生物等效性。方法 将志愿者按照1:1的比例分配至T-R(受试制剂-参比制剂)和R-T(参比制剂-受试制剂)序列组;采用单中心、随机、开放、两周期、双序列、自身交叉、单次给药(空腹、餐后)的试验方法设计;采用高效液相-色谱串联质谱法测定血药浓度;使用WinNonlin软件的非房室模型对贝那普利主要药代动力学参数C_max、AUC_0-t、AUC_0-∞进行分析;T_max采用非参数秩和检验。结果 空腹组受试制剂和参比制剂贝那普利的主要药代动力学参数如下：C_max分别为(207.86±70.77)ng·mL^-1和(205.20±70.37)ng·mL^-1;AUC_0-t分别为(168.91±36.03)h×ng·mL^-1和(170.23±38.37)h×ng·mL^-1;AUC_0-∞分别为(171.0...     

泮托拉唑钠肠溶片的生物等效性研究

目的 研究泮托拉唑钠肠溶片在中国健康受试者人体药物代谢动力学和生物等效性。方法 空腹和餐后组分别纳入36、42例受试者,每周期随机交叉单次空腹或餐后口服受试或参比制剂40mg,用UPLC-MS/MS法测定人血浆中泮托拉唑浓度,Phoenix WinNonlin8.2统计软件计算药代动力学参数,分析两种制剂的生物等效性。结果 空腹状态下口服泮托拉唑受试制剂和参比制剂的C_max分别为(3295.143±1187.421)、(3600.662±1598.281)ng/mL;T_max分别为3.00(1.50,4.50)、3.50(1.50,5.53)h; AUC_0-t分别为(13148.4±11834.9)、(13400.2±12421.9)ng·h/mL;AUC_0-∞分别为(13877.3±13820.2)、(14990.7±15111.0)ng·h/mL。餐后状态下口服泮托拉唑受试制剂和参比制剂的C_max分别为(3146.162±1045.245)、(3497.986±1176.9...     

复方磺胺甲噁唑人体药动学与生物等效性研究

目的 研究单次空腹口服复方磺胺甲噁唑片在健康受试者体内的人体药代动力学特征和生物等效性。方法 试验采用单中心、随机、开放、单剂量、两制剂、两周期、两序列交叉设计,24例受试者分别空腹口服复方磺胺甲噁唑受试制剂T或参比制剂R。采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)检测血浆中的磺胺甲噁唑和甲氧苄啶的血药浓度,用Phoenix WinNonlin 8.2软件计算药动学参数,评价两制剂生物等效性。结果 空腹试验受试制剂T和参比制剂R的磺胺甲噁唑C_max、AUC_0-t、AUC_0-∞分别为(27.340±3.400)和(28.042±3.527)μg/mL、(375.2±38.7)和(371.5±35.4)h·μg/mL、(390.0±42.9)和(386.7±41.0)h·μg/mL;甲氧苄啶C_max、AUC_0-t、AUC_0-∞分别为(0.845±0.198)和(0.838±0.144)μg/mL、(8.7±1.3)和(8.2±1.5)h·μg/mL、...     

阿那曲唑片在中国健康绝经期女性志愿者的人体生物等效性研究

  目的  评价在空腹和餐后条件下健康绝经期女性单次口服阿那曲唑受试制剂与参比制剂的生物等效性。  方法  采用开放、随机、双周期、自身交叉试验设计,各纳入24例健康绝经后期女性志愿者,分别在空腹和餐后服用1 mg阿那曲唑受试制剂和参比制剂后,采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)法测定阿那曲唑的血药浓度。使用Phoenix WinNonlin 6.3版中的非房室模型分析,计算药代动力学参数并评价两种阿那曲唑空腹及餐后服用的生物等效性。  结果  在空腹和餐后条件下健康绝经后期女性志愿者口服受试制剂和参比制剂后的主要药代动力学参数(AUC_0-∞、AUC_0-t、C_max)的几何均数比值90%置信区间均在80.00%~125.00%的范围内。餐后给药与空腹给药相比,t_max延长,C_max降低,而AUC和t_1/2基本一致。  结论  在空腹和餐后条件下阿那曲唑受试制剂与参比制剂具有生物等效性。     

法米替尼治疗晚期实体瘤患者的药代动力学及安全性

目的：研究法米替尼15、20、25 mg剂量组在晚期实体瘤患者的药代动力学特征和安全性。方法：32例晚期或转移的实体瘤患者接受15、20、25 mg/d治疗,比较每个剂量组单次给药和多次给药后原型药物法米替尼及代谢物SHR116637的达峰时间(T_max)、血药峰浓度(C_max)等相关药代动力学的参数变化,观察治疗期间法米替尼在实体瘤患者中的不良事件/严重不良事件的发生率。结果：各剂量组单次给药后,血浆中法米替尼和代谢物SHR116637在6 h达峰,低、中、高剂量组t_1/2分别为(73.6±12.3)、(75.8±17.0)、(65.8±23.8)h;代谢物SHR116637的体内暴露量AUC_0-24、AUC_0-t和AUC_0-∞均随剂量增加而增加。多次给药后血浆中法米替尼及代谢物SHR116637 T_max与单次给药相比略有延迟。多次给药后法米替尼和代谢物SHR116637均有一定程度的蓄积,但以代谢物SHR116637中15 mg...     

盐酸左氧氟沙星胶囊人体药物动力学与生物利用度研究

目的: 研究盐酸左氧氟沙星胶囊健康人体的药物动力学与生物利用度。方法: 高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定20名健康受试者单剂量口服两种盐酸左氧氟沙星胶囊(受试制剂和参比制剂)的药时数值,以DAS1.0软件拟合其药动学参数,用方差分析和双侧t检验法检验其等效性。结果: 受试制剂与参比制剂的药动学参数分别为:t_1/2(5.24±1.58) h和(5.50±2.05) h,C_max(2.75±0.61) mg/L和(2.55±0.61) mg/L,T_max(0.99±0.56) h和(1.05±0.54) h,AUC_0-24(21.53±3.36) mg·L-1·h-1和(20.61±3.67) mg·L-1·h-1,AUC_0-∞(23.87±3.92) mg·L-1·h-1和AUC_0-∞(23.05±4.45) mg·L-1·h-1。受试制剂的相对生物利用度为(108.82±30.75)%。结论: 两种不同厂家的盐酸左氧氟沙星胶囊具有生物等效性。     

伊曲康唑分散片人体药动学及生物等效性研究

目的 研究伊曲康唑分散片受试制剂与参比制剂在健康志愿者体内的药代动力学和生物等效性. 方法 20名健康男性受试者随机双周期交叉单剂量口服伊曲康唑分散片受试制剂和参比制剂200mg,采用液相色谱-质谱-质谱联用测定不同时刻血浆中伊曲康唑的药物浓度,求出主要药物动力学参数.结果 伊曲康唑分散片受试制剂和参比制剂主要药代动力学参数TMAX 分别为(4.55±0.83)和(4.25±1.02)h,C MAX分别为(170.7±70.8)和(155.5± 73.3)ng/ml,tl/2分别为(19.3±4.6)和(20.4±11.4)h, AUCo-t分别为(2385±1281)和(2257±1168)ng h/mL,A 0-∞分别为(2496±1334)和(2371±1207) ng. h/mL.伊曲康唑分散片的相对生物利用度为(112.5±39.2) % .结论 伊曲康唑分散片和伊曲康唑胶囊为生物等效制剂.     

富马酸替诺福韦二吡呋酯胶囊在中国人体内的药代动力学

研究富马酸替诺福韦二吡呋酯胶囊在中国人体内的药代动力学特征。12名健康受试者依次进行低剂量(300mg)单、多次给药;高(600 mg)剂量单次给药和低剂量饮食影响单次给药的药代动力学试验,计算药代动力学参数。受试者单次口服300 mg和600 mg受试制剂后,替诺福韦的cmax分别为(305.4±96.4)和(590.0±149.6)ng/mL,AUC0-72 h分别为(2 396±489)和(4 465±1 042)ng.h/mL,t1/2分别为(19.9±2.4)和(21.9±3.0)h。结果显示替诺福韦在300～600 mg剂量范围内呈现线性药代动力学特征,体内过程不受性别差异的影响。与空腹给药相比,高脂餐后给药的tmax延后1.6 h,AUC0-72 h提高约32%。多次给药达稳态后,替诺福韦的稳态血药浓度波动度为2.7±0.6,累积常数Rcmax为1.3±0.3,RAUC为1.7±0.4,在人体内的暴露量增加约70%。     

阿奇霉素片的人体相对生物利用度及药代动力学

目的研究阿奇霉素片受试制剂与参比制剂人体相对生物利用度及药代动力学。方法18名健康受试者自身交叉单剂量口服阿奇霉素受试制剂和参比制剂各500 mg,定时取血,用微生物法测定血药浓度。结果阿奇霉素片受试制剂与参比制剂的血药浓度时间曲线基本一致,符合一级吸收二房室模型。受试制剂与参比制剂的主要药动学参数分别为:消除半衰期t1/2β:(36.48±9.45)h,(38.10±9.39)h;Tmax:(2.39±0.61)h,(2.44±0.61)h;Cmax:(509.10±106.08)μg/L,(505.20±89.91)μg/L。药代动力学参数经配对t检验,差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05)。两种制剂的药时曲线下面积(AUC0-t)平均值分别为:受试制剂(9 080±1 339)(μg.h)/L,参比制剂:(9 308±1 390)(μg.h)/L;受试制剂的相对生物利用度为(98.0±10.1)%。结论受试制剂阿奇霉素与参比制剂生物等效。     

头孢拉定胶囊人体药代动力学和生物等效性

目的研究头孢拉定胶囊在健康人体内的相对生物利用度和生物等效性,为新药报批及其临床应用提供依据。方法20名健康受试者随机双交叉试验方法,单剂量口服受试及参比制剂500 mg,用HPLC法测定给药后不同时间的血药浓度,计算主要药代动力学参数。结果口服头孢拉定胶囊受试制剂和参比制剂后的主要药动学参数：T1/2分别为0.841±0.165和0.842±0.213 h;Cm ax分别为（15.922±2.584）和（15.922±2.584）mg/L;Tm ax分别为（1.225±0.197）和（1.225±0.242）h;AUC0-t分别为（25.399±5.806）和（26.159±5.989）mg/（L·h）。以AUC0-t计算,与参比制剂相比受试制剂中头孢拉定的平均相对生物利用度为（97.4±7.0）%。结论两制剂生物等效。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.