充血性心衰大鼠严格限钠后肾素-血管紧张素系统的变化

目的　观察充血性心衰大鼠严格限钠后循环与局部肾素 -血管紧张素系统 (RAS)的变化 .方法　将充血性心衰大鼠随机分为 3组 :心衰组、心衰限钠组、心衰补钠组 ,假手术大鼠为对照组 ,用放射免疫分析法和原位杂交技术分别测定各组血浆和心肌血管紧张素 (Ang ) ,醛固酮 (Ald)含量及心肌血管紧张素原 m RNA表达水平 .结果　心衰限钠组血浆 Ang ,Ald含量 [(2 2 5± 2 0 ) ng· L- 1 和 (4 76± 6 2 )μg·L- 1 ]及心肌 Ang 含量 [心房 (2 0 .1± 4.5 ) ng· g- 1 ,心室(2 7.3± 5 .9) ng· g- 1 ]显著高于心衰组 [(180± 2 9) ng· L- 1 ,(2 48± 5 8) μg· L- 1 及 (17.5± 3.6 ) ng· g- 1 ,(2 0 .1± 3.7)ng· g- 1 ](P<0 .0 5 ,P<0 .0 1) ,心室肌 Ang原 m RNA表达水平 (12 .6± 2 .3)也显著高于心衰组 (8.6± 1.7) (P<0 .0 5 ) ,血钠较心衰组下降 5 % (P<0 .0 5 ) ;心衰补钠组心肌血管紧张素原 m RNA表达水平与心衰组无显著差别 ,其余指标与对照组无显著差别 .结论　心衰后限钠进一步激活循环和局部RAS,加重钠水潴留     

钠摄入量对心力衰竭大鼠心脏肾素-血管紧张素系统与心钠素的影响

目的　观察钠摄入量对心力衰竭大鼠心脏局部肾素-血管紧张素系统与心钠素的影响 .方法　经动 -静脉分流术造成大鼠充血性心衰模型 ,分为心衰组、心衰限钠组、心衰补钠组 ,假手术大鼠为对照组 ,用放射免疫分析法和原位杂交技术分别测定各组血浆和心肌血管紧张素 、心钠素含量及心肌血管紧张素原 m RNA表达水平 (吸光度 A值 ) ,同时检测心功能 .结果　心衰限钠组心房和心室血管紧张素 含量(2 0 .1± 4 .5 )和 (2 7.3± 5 .9) ng· g- 1、血管紧张素原 m RNA表达 (6 .4± 1.2 )和 (12 .6± 2 .3)显著高于心衰组 (17.5± 3.6 )和 (2 0 .1± 3.7) ng· g- 1 ,(6 .2± 1.9)和 (8.6± 1.7) (P<0 .0 5 ,P<0 .0 1) ,心室心钠素 (42 3± 6 8) ng· g- 1 也显著高于心衰组 (337± 86 ) ng· g- 1 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,心房心钠素 (6 7± 19)μg· g- 1显著低于心衰组 (85± 15 ) μg· g- 1 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;心衰补钠组心房和心室血管紧张素原 m RNA表达水平、心室血管紧张素 和心钠素与心衰组无显著差别 ,心房血管紧张素 与对照组无显著差别 ,心房心钠素 (10 1± 17) μg· g- 1 显著高于心衰组 (P<0 .0 1) .结论　心衰时不同钠摄入量可通过改变心脏局部肾素 -血管紧张素系统与心钠素的平衡状态在心衰发展进程中发挥作用     

运脾复方对幼龄大鼠厌食症模型胃肠激素的影响

目的　研究运脾复方对小儿厌食症动物模型胃肠激素的影响 ,探讨运脾复方治疗小儿厌食症的机制 .方法　模拟小儿厌食症的主要病因制作幼龄大鼠厌食模型 ,用运脾复方儿宝颗粒灌胃 ,用放免分析法测定模型下丘脑、胃窦部和外周血 CCK- 8和 β- EP的含量 .结果　模型动物下丘脑和血浆CCK- 8浓度 (12 3± 32 ) pmol· g- 1 和 (5 0 7± 113) ng· L- 1 ,高于对照组的 (89± 18) pmol· g- 1和 (2 5 4± 95 ) ng· L- 1 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;模型动物胃窦部和血浆β- EP浓度 (1.4± 0 .6 )μg· g- 1和 (6 .3± 1.7) ng· L- 1 ,低于对照组的 (6 .3± 1.4) μg· g- 1 和(10 .2± 4.9) ng· L- 1 (P<0 .0 5 ) .运脾复方治疗组 CCK- 8恢复正常 ,β- EP浓度显著增加 .结论　儿宝颗粒能明显抑制模型动物中枢和外周 CCK- 8分泌 ,促进 β- EP分泌 ,从而达到促进动物摄食的目的     

电针对应激大鼠胃粘膜血流及血浆ET，NO，CGRP的影响

目的　观察电针对应激大鼠胃粘膜血流量与血浆内皮素 (ET)、一氧化氮 (NO)、降钙素基因相关肽 (CGRP)的影响及其相互关系 .方法　将 32只 SD大鼠平均分为空白对照组、应激组、电针后应激组和应激后电针组 ,每组 8只 .利用激光多普勒血流仪测定胃粘膜血流量 ,用放免分析法和生化法测定各组大鼠血浆 ET,CGRP和 NO水平的变化并计算各组溃疡指数 (UI) .结果　应激组较对照组比较胃粘膜血流量相对数值下降 (6 9.0± 10 .6 ) m V→ (5 1.5± 5 .1) m V,P<0 .0 1. UI增加 (1.1± 0 .4)→ (2 8.0± 4.1) ,P<0 .0 1.血浆 NO水平下降 ,(2 2 .7± 3.8) μmol· L- 1 → (18.8± 5 .2 ) μmol·L- 1 ,P<0 .0 5 . ET水平上升 (140± 17) ng· L- 1 → (177± 2 3)ng· L- 1 ,P<0 .0 5 .在电针后应激组和应激后电针组 ,与应激组比较 ,胃粘膜血流量上升 (5 1.5± 5 .1) m V→ (6 6 .5± 7.4) m V,(6 4.9± 5 .8) m V,P<0 .0 1,UI减少 ;(2 8.0± 4.1)→ (19.0± 2 .3) ,(19.4± 2 .8) ,P<0 .0 1.血浆 NO水平上升 ,(18.8± 5 .2 )μmol· L- 1 → (2 3.3± 4.1)μmol· L- 1 ,(2 2 .9± 4.1) μmol· L- 1 ,P<0 .0 5 ;CGRP水平上升 ,(145± 6 ) ng· L- 1→ (184± 2 2 ) ng· L- 1 ,P<0 .0 5 ;ET水平下降 ,(177±2 3) ng     

电针在应激大鼠胃粘膜保护作用中对氧自由基和前列腺素的影响

目的　观察电针对应激大鼠血浆超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、丙二醛 (MDA)和前列腺素 E2 (PGE2 )的影响 ,以探讨电针对胃粘膜保护作用的机制 .方法　将 72只大鼠平均分为空白对照组 ,应激组和电针组 ,每组再按实验时间 1,3和 5d平均分为 3小组 (每小组 8只 ) .利用生化法和放免分析法测定各组大鼠血浆 SOD,MDA和 PGE2 含量并计算各组溃疡指数 (UI) .结果　应激组较空白对照组大鼠血浆 SOD明显下降 (17.0± 2 .9)μmol· L- 1 → (11.9± 3.4)μmol· L- 1 ,MDA明显上升 (4 .85± 2 .38) μmol· L- 1→ (7.5 6± 2 .48)μmol· L- 1 ,PGE2 明显下降 (2 .74± 0 .77) ng· L- 1 → (1.5 4± 0 .2 5 ) ng· L- 1 ,P<0 .0 5 .UI明显上升 (1.1± 0 .4)→ (2 8.0± 4.1) ,P<0 .0 1.电针组较应激组血浆 SOD明显上升 (11.9± 3.4) μmol· L- 1→ (17.7± 4.8) μm ol· L- 1 ,MDA明显下降 (7.5 6± 2 .48) μmol· L- 1→ (4 .14± 1.78) μm ol· L- 1 ;PGE2 明显上升 (1.5 4± 0 .2 5 ) ng· L- 1 → (3.2 1± 0 .38) ng·L- 1 ;UI明显下降 (2 8.0± 4.1)→ (19.0± 2 .3) ,P<0 .0 1.电针组 PGE2 实验 5 d组较实验 1d组明显上升 (3.2 1± 0 .38) ng· L- 1 → (4 .5 2± 1.0 6 ) ng· L- 1 ,P<0 .0 5 .结论　电针对     

电针对应激大鼠血浆EGF和CGRP及胃粘膜损伤的影响

目的　观察电针对应激大鼠胃粘膜损伤的保护作用及对血浆表皮生长因子 (EGF)和降钙素基因相关肽 (CGRP)水平的影响 .方法　将 72只大鼠平均分为空白对照组、应激组和电针组 ,每组再按实验时间 1,3和 5 d平均分为 3小组 (n= 8) ,利用放免分析法测定各组大鼠血浆 EGF,CGRP含量并计算各组溃疡计数 (UI)水平的变化 ,以分析其相互关系 .结果　应激组较空白对照组大鼠血浆 EGF明显下降 (0 .44±0 .16 ) μg· L- 1 → (0 .2 3± 0 .0 1) μg· L- 1 ,P<0 .0 5 ;UI明显上升 (1.1± 0 .4)→ (2 8.0± 4.1) ,P<0 .0 1.电针组较应激组比较血浆 EGF水平明显上升 (0 .2 3± 0 .0 1)μg· L- 1 → (0 .42± 0 .0 9) μg· L- 1 ,P<0 .0 5 ;血浆 CGRP水平明显上升 (145± 6 ) ng· L- 1 → (184± 2 2 ) ng· L- 1 ,P<0 .0 5 ;UI明显下降(2 8.0± 4.1)→ (19.0± 2 .3) ,P<0 .0 1.电针组中血浆 CGRP实验 5 d组较实验 1d组明显上升 (184± 2 2 ) ng· L- 1→ (2 32± 35 ) ng· L- 1 ,P<0 .0 1.结论　电针对胃粘膜的损伤有保护作用 ,血浆 EGF,CGRP参与了电针对胃粘膜的保护作用机制 .电针调节 CGRP与针刺时间有关     

慢性应激对大鼠行为和体重的影响

目的:观察慢性应激对大鼠体重和行为变化的影响。方法:大鼠随机分成二组:对照组,应激组。应激组大鼠接受强迫游泳4 周,每天15分钟。用电子动物秤称大鼠的体重,开场实验评定大鼠的行为。结果:(1)第3、4周应激组大鼠体重增长明显低于对照组(45± 21,67±17,P<0.05;54±27,81±16,P<0.01);其余各周与对照组比较无显著性差异。(2)第1周应激组大鼠穿行格数明显多于对照组(77 ±31,44±20;P<0.05)。应激组大鼠在第4周的穿行格数和直立次数比第1周明显减少(43±16,73±31,P<0.05;8±5,21±12,P<0. 01)。绪论:(1)慢性应激导致大鼠体重增长减少。(2)慢性应激使大鼠行为改变,与对照组比,应激大鼠活动增多;应激大鼠自身前后比,行为 受到抑制。说明强迫游泳使大鼠焦虑、警觉性增高,但随着应激次数的增加,行为抑制越来越明显。     

急性应激大鼠的心血管反应与脑内c-fos蛋白表达

目的　观察急性躯体 心理应激对大鼠心血管活动的影响及心血管相关脑区c fos蛋白的表达。　方法　采用足底电击结合噪声的应激模型,检测应激后SD大鼠血压、心率和脑内c fos蛋白表达等变化。　结果　(1)应激即刻引起血压和心率明显增加。收缩压从应激前(10 4 .8±9.4 )mmHg升至(132 .3±10 .7)mmHg ,明显高于对照组[(112 .0±8.0 )mmHg ,(P <0 .0 1) ];应激大鼠心率明显高于应激前和对照组(P <0 .0 1)。应激停止后2～3h ,血压和心率恢复到对照水平。(2 )应激组大鼠杏仁核群c fos蛋白阳性细胞为(2 5 .4±3.8) % ,明显高于对照组[(3.4 1±0 .5 ) % ,(P <0 .0 1) ]。下丘脑室旁核c fos蛋白阳性细胞为(2 1.9±2 .0 ) % ,与对照组(7.1±0 .8) %比较,差异有显著性(P <0 .0 5 ,n =8)。额颞叶皮层c fos蛋白阳性细胞为(5 7.5±3.9) % ,显著高于对照组[(16 .4±2 .5 ) % ,(P <0 .0 1,n =8) ]。　结论　急性躯体 心理应激引起的快速心血管反应可能与下丘脑室旁核、杏仁核群神经元激活有关。     

肝移植对肝硬化大鼠胃运动功能的影响

目的　主要了解肝移植前后胃运动功能的变化情况以及与胃运动相关的胃肠道激素或神经肽的变化 .方法　制备 CCl4中毒性肝硬化大鼠模型 ,采用“二袖套法”进行肝移植 ,应用放免分析法 ,以 SPECT显像用的核素 (99Tcm )为标记 ,采取液相胃排空的方法 ,分析肝移植前后大鼠胃排空的情况 ,以及与胃运动有关的胃肠道激素或神经肽的变化 .结果　肝移植前 ,肝硬化大鼠的胃排空率明显降低 [胃排空率从(89.3± 6 .8) %至 (78.2± 6 .5 ) % ,P<0 .0 1],与胃运动相关的胃肠道激素或神经肽水平也有所改变 [胃动素从 (98± 6 )ng· L- 1 至 (5 2± 5 ) ng· L- 1 ,P<0 .0 1,抑胃肽从 (5 4± 4 )ng· L- 1至 (88± 3) ng· L- 1 ,P<0 .0 1,生长抑素从 (2 18±16 ) ng· L- 1 至 (2 84± 12 ) ng· L- 1 ,P<0 .0 1,降钙素基因相关肽从 (134± 18) ng· L- 1至 (184± 2 2 ) ng·L- 1 ,P<0 .0 1].肝移植后 ,随着时间的不断延长 ,大鼠胃排空率明显升高 [胃排空率从 (78.2± 6 .5 ) %至 (88.1± 6 .7) % ,P<0 .0 1],与胃运动相关的胃肠道激素或神经肽水平也发生了相应的变化 [胃动素从 (5 2± 5 ) ng· L- 1 至 (95± 6 ) ng· L- 1 ,P<0 .0 1,抑胃肽从 (88± 3) ng· L- 1 至 (5 6± 6 ) ng· L- 1 ,P<0 .0 1,生长抑素从 (2     

六味地黄丸对多发性抽动症模型大鼠行为及脑多巴胺水平的影响

目的:探讨六味地黄丸对多发性抽动症(tourette's syndrome,TS)的治疗作用及作用机制.方法:将50只Wistar大鼠随机分成空白对照组、模型组、氟哌啶醇组、高剂量六味地黄丸组、低剂量六味地黄丸组,采用腹腔注射亚胺基二丙腈(iminodipropionitrile,IDPN)进行造模,采用高效液相色谱法测定大鼠全脑组织中多巴胺(dopamine,DA)含量,并观察各组大鼠的一般情况及行为情况.结果:高剂量六味地黄丸可明显改善TS模型大鼠一般情况;高剂量六味地黄丸能明显改善IDPN诱发的大鼠行为异常,尤以改善刻板行为疗效显著;各组大鼠脑组织中HVA未检测到;与空白组比较,模型组大鼠脑组织中DA的含量明显降低[(364.30±79.75) ng·g1vs(180.33±27.88) ng·g-1,P＜0.01];与模型组比较,高剂量六味地黄丸组大鼠脑组织DA含量明显增高[(180.33±27.88) ng·g-1vs(300.39±67.58) ng·g-1,P＜0.01];高剂量六味地黄丸组与氟哌啶醇组大鼠脑组织DA含量无明显差异[(300.39±67.58) ng·g-1 vs(279.93±69.90) ng· g-1,P＞0.05];高剂量六味地黄丸组与低剂量六味地黄丸组脑组织DA含量有差异[(300.39±67.58) ng·g-1vs(226.15±59.01) ng·g-1,P＜0.05],说明药效与剂量呈正相关.结论:六味地黄丸能改善IDPN诱导的TS模型大鼠一般情况及行为异常,其机制可能与调节脑内DA能系统平衡有关,且治疗效果与用药剂量呈正相关.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.