离子色谱法测定硫酸庆大霉素中硫酸盐的含量

目的 建立离子色谱法测定硫酸庆大霉素中硫酸盐含量的方法.方法 色谱条件为:Ion PacTM AG19(4×50mm)为保护柱;Ion PacTM AG19(4×250mm)为分析柱;25.00mmol·L-1 KOH溶液为淋洗液以流速1.00mL·min-1等度洗脱;检测方式:电导检测;抑制电流:75mA.结果 硫酸盐在0.5048~10.096μg·mL-1范围内呈良好线性关系(r2=1.0000);精密度RSD%=0.34%,平均回收率为102.78%(RSD%=0.57%);.结论 本法操作简便、快速,结果准确,重复性好,灵敏度高,可用于控制硫酸庆大霉素中硫酸盐的含量.     

高效离子交换色谱-电化学检测法测定米卡芬净原料中盐酸羟胺

目的:建立高效阳离子色谱-电化学法测定米卡芬净原料中残留的盐酸羟胺的方法.方法:以IonPac CS16(250 mm×5 mm)色谱柱进行分离,采用100 mmol·L-1甲磺酸溶液为淋洗液梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 ml·ml-1;柱后中和试剂为500 mmol·L-1氢氧化钠溶液,流速为0.3 ml·min-1.采用...     

离子色谱法同时测定磺丁基-β-环糊精中3种杂质残留量

目的 建立离子色谱法同时测定磺丁基-β-环糊精中4-羟基丁磺酸钠、双(4-磺丁基)醚二钠和氯化钠的残留量.方法 采用离子色谱法,色谱柱:Dionex IonPac AS11-HC-4 μm RFIC阴离子分析柱(250mm×4mm),淋洗液A:5 mmol·L-1 NaOH;淋洗液B:25 mmol·L-1 NaOH,...     

离子色谱法测定盐酸莫西沙星中氯离子含量

目的:建立离子色谱法测定盐酸莫西沙星中氯离子含量.方法:采用Dionex IonPac TM AS11-HC(4 mm×250 mm)阴离子交换色谱柱,淋洗液为25 mmol·L-1氢氧化钾溶液,流速为1.0 mL·min-1,柱温为30℃,检测器温度为35℃,抑制型电导检测.结果:氯离子与常见的其他离子分离良好,氯离...     

离子色谱-直接提取法测定山药中二氧化硫的含量

目的：：建立离子色谱法测定山药中二氧化硫含量的方法。方法：采用氢氧化钾溶液(25 mmol·L-1)直接提取,色谱柱为IonPac? AS11-HC色谱柱(250 mm ×4 mm,9.0μm);柱温20℃;淋洗液：氢氧化钾溶液(20 mmol·L-1);淋洗液流速1.0 ml·min-1;电导池温度20℃。结果：亚硫酸根标准溶液进样量在1.160~29.100μg范围内与亚硫酸根色谱峰的峰面积有良好的线性关系(r=0.9999),平均回收率为98.9%(RSD=0.6%, n=9),最低定量限为1.38 ng·ml-1。结论：本方法简便、准确、快速,适用于山药中二氧化硫的定量检测。     

离子色谱法测定苦碟子注射液中硫酸盐和亚硫酸盐

目的:建立测定苦碟子注射液中硫酸盐和亚硫酸盐的含量测定方法。方法:采用离子色谱法,测定苦碟子注射液中硫酸盐和亚硫酸盐的含量。采用美国戴安公司Ion Pac AS 18(250 mm×4.0 mm)阴离子交换色谱柱和Ion Pac AG 18(50 mm×4.0 mm)阴离子交换保护柱,淋洗液为氢氧化钾溶液,梯度淋洗,流速1.00 mL·min-1,柱温30℃,进样量25μL;加水抑制模式,抑制电流为100 mA,电导池温度35℃。结果:SO24-浓度在1.074～10.74 mg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9962),SO23-浓度在1.024～10.24 mg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9954);SO24-平均加样回收率(n=6)为99.1%(RSD=0.78%),SO23-平均加样回收率(n=6)为91.8%(RSD=0.49%)。结论:该方法操作简单,结果准确,灵敏度高,重复性好,可作为控制苦碟子注射液中硫酸盐和亚硫酸盐的方法。     

离子色谱法测定利巴韦林注射液中亚硝酸盐的含量

目的 用离子色谱法测定利巴韦林注射液中亚硝酸根的含量.方法 采用IonPacAS11-HC,Analytical 4×250mm色谱柱;淋洗液：氢氧化钾溶液（20mmoL·L-1）;电导检测法.结果 亚硝酸根进样量在0.001μg～0.05μg范围内呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率为99.0%.结论 本方法简便、准确、快速,适用于利巴韦林注射液中亚硝酸根的含量测定.     

离子色谱法测定口服补液盐Ⅱ中枸橼酸钠的含量

目的:建立离子色谱法测定口服补液盐Ⅱ中枸橼酸钠的含量。方法:采用ICE-AS1离子排斥色谱柱(250 mm×9 mm,5μm);以0.015 mol·L-1硫酸溶液为流动相;流速为0.6 mL·min-1;检测波长为220 nm;柱温为19℃。结果:枸橼酸钠的线性范围为0.08～8.0mg·mL-1(r=0.999 9),回收率为100.2%。结论:本方法准确、简便、快速,可用于口服补液盐Ⅱ中枸橼酸钠的含量控制。     

离子色谱法同时测定微晶纤维素中氯离子和硫酸根离子含量

目的 建立同时测定微晶纤维素中氯离子和硫酸根离子含量的离子色谱法.方法 色谱柱为Dionex IonPac AS19柱(250 mm×4 mm,5μm),保护柱为IonPac AG19 Guard柱(50 mm×4 mm,5μm);检测器为电导检测器,检测器温度为30℃,检测方式为抑制电导检测;以氢氧化钾为淋洗液进行分...     

离子色谱法测定硫酸阿米卡星原料及其制剂的有关物质

目的:建立测定硫酸阿米卡星原料及其制剂有关物质的离子色谱方法。方法:采用Carbopac MA1(250 mm×4 mm)色谱柱,以去离子水为淋洗液A,400 mmol·L-1氢氧化钠溶液为淋洗液B,梯度洗脱,流速:0.4 mL·min-1,柱温为35℃,安培检测器,工作电极为金电极(1 mm)。结果:阿米卡星在0.9～4.8μg·mL-1(r=0.9994)内线性关系良好,阿米卡星杂质A在1.0～8.1μg·mL-1(r=0.9994)内线性关系良好;阿米卡星与阿米卡星杂质A精密度(RSD)分别为1.8%及1.9%;检测限分别为3.6 ng及3.2 ng;供试品溶液在10 h内稳定性良好。结论:该方法简便、准确、灵敏,可用于硫酸阿米卡星原料及其制剂的有关物质测定。     

艾沙康唑硫酸酯

<正>艾沙康唑硫酸酯(isavuconazonium sulfate)是由日本安斯泰来(Astellas)公司研发的用于治疗成人侵袭性曲霉菌病和侵袭性毛霉菌病的新药,于2015年3月6日获美国FDA批准上市,商品名为Cresemba,此次批准的剂型有口服制剂和静脉注射剂[1]。艾沙康唑硫酸酯的中文化学名称:1-[3-(R)-[4-(4-氰基苯基)噻唑-2-基]-2(R)-     

Vorapaxar sulfate

<正>2014年5月8日由默沙东公司开发的vorapaxar sulfate被美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)批准上市,其商品名为Zontivity。该药是一种蛋白酶激活受体-1(PAR-1)拮抗剂,适用于有心肌梗死或有外周动脉疾病史患者中血栓性心血管事件的减低[1]。     

高效液相色谱法测定硫酸阿扎那韦胶囊中主药的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定硫酸阿扎那韦胶囊中硫酸阿扎那韦含量的方法。方法色谱柱为KromasilC18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为0.02 mol L-1醋酸铵缓冲液-甲醇(25:75),流速为1.0 mL min-1,紫外检测波长为250 nm,进样量为20μL。结果硫酸阿扎那韦检测浓度在20.27～182.4μg mL-1线性关系良好(r=0.999 9);平均回收率为99.5%(RSD=0.53%)。结论本方法操作简便、快捷,结果准确、可靠,可用于硫酸阿扎那韦胶囊的主药含量控制。     

The effectiveness of different sulfate precursors in supporting extrahepatic sulfate conjugation

The effectiveness of different sulfur-containing compounds in supplying inorganic sulfate for sulfate conjugation was studied in isolated cells from rat small intestine, kidney and lung. With cells isolated from the small intestine and kidney, inorganic sulfate was by far the most effective source for intracellular active sulfate as judged by the ability to support sulfate conjugation of 7-hydroxycoumarin. Kidney cells could also use cysteine, N-acetylcysteine and glutathione as a sulfate source, whereas isolated small intestinal cells did not seem to break down and use these sulfur-containing compounds. With isolated lung cells cysteine was the most efficient sulfate precursor. Of the other precursors N-acetylcysteine and inorganic sulfate were used for sulfate conjugation to some extent.     

Classification of chondroitin sulfate A, chondroitin sulfate C, glucosamine hydrochloride and glucosamine 6 sulfate using chemometric techniques

Chondroitin sulfate A, chondroitin sulfate C, glucosamine hydrochloride and glucosamine sulfate are natural products that are becoming increasingly popular in the treatment of arthritis. They belong to a class of compounds known as glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). They are available over the counter as nutritional supplements. However, increasing use has led to increasing scrutiny of the quality of products on the market. There is also interest in the pharmacological properties of these compounds. To facilitate this, there is a need for better qualitative and quantitative methods of analysis. This paper describes methods for achieving the qualitative identification of chondroitin sulfate A, chondroitin sulfate C, glucosamine hydrochloride or glucosamine sulfate. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy coupled with a variety of chemometric methods successfully classified these compounds. Using soft independent modeling of class analogies (SIMCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal components analysis (PCA) samples were classified as either chondroitin sulfate A, chondroitin sulfate C, glucosamine hydrochloride or glucosamine sulfate. This work also examined the discriminating ability of different sections of the spectrum. It was found that for the classification of these compounds that using the finger print region of the spectrum (below 2000 cm(-1)) gave the best discrimination.     

Compatibility of clindamycin phosphate with amikacin sulfate at room temperature and with gentamicin sulfate and tobramycin sulfate under frozen conditions

The stability and compatibility of clindamycin phosphate with three aminoglycosides, amikacin sulfate, tobramycin sulfate, and gentamicin sulfate, admixed in either glass bottles or plastic bags, were studied under various storage conditions. In addition to the various two-drug combinations, each antibiotic was studied alone in the same solutions under the same storage conditions investigated for the various combinations. Clindamycin phosphate was admixed with amikacin sulfate in 100 ml glass bottles of both dextrose 5% in water (D5W) and NaCl 0.9%. The resultant solutions were examined for visual clarity; both pH and antibiotic concentrations were measured at the time of mixing and at 1, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 hours later. The solutions were maintained at room temperature under ambient lighting conditions throughout the observation period. Clindamycin phosphate was also admixed with tobramycin sulfate and gentamicin sulfate, in separate experiments, in 50 ml plastic bags of D5W and NaCl 0.9%. These solutions were examined, at the time of mixing, for visual clarity, pH, and antibiotic concentration and then frozen at -20 degrees C. They were thawed 14 and 28 days later and reexamined. Clindamycin phosphate concentrations were measured by high performance liquid chromatography; those of the aminoglycosides were determined by a fluorescence polarization immunoassay. A working definition of significant instability or incompatibility was defined as a greater than 10 percent loss of original antibiotic concentration. All single antibiotic solutions were stable throughout the observation periods.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Potential cost-avoidance with oral extended-release morphine sulfate tablets versus morphine sulfate solution

The costs of acquiring, preparing, and administering morphine sulfate extended-release tablets and morphine sulfate solution were compared. Pharmacists at an acute-care community hospital timed the pharmacy and nursing components of the process of preparing and administering single doses of morphine sulfate extended-release tablets 60 mg and morphine sulfate solution 5 mg/mL. The labor cost of each step was determined by multiplying the mean time required to perform the task by the median of the wage scale for the person performing it. Acquisition costs and ancillary supply costs were determined, and the overall cost of each therapy was calculated. The total time required for providing single doses did not differ substantially. However, assuming a total daily morphine sulfate dosage of 120 mg, the time required for administering extended-release morphine sulfate tablets 60 mg twice daily was determined to be 8.90 minutes, compared with 23.44 minutes for solution (4 mL of 5-mg/mL solution) six times daily. Thus, although the cost of acquiring extended-release tablets was considerably higher than that of solution, the total daily cost of therapy with tablets was less than half that of therapy with solution. The potential for cost avoidance and the clinical advantages associated with extended-release morphine sulfate tablets make this formulation an attractive therapeutic alternative.     

硫酸钡-比浊法测定褐藻糖胶中硫酸根的含量

目的 运用硫酸钡比浊法测定日高昆布中褐藻糖胶硫酸根的含量。方法 采用硫酸钡比浊法,通过分光光度计检测到最大吸收波长为360 nm;在此波长下测定褐藻糖胶中硫酸根的含量。结果 硫酸根在60~120 μg范围内线性关系良好(r²=0.990 9),测得褐藻糖胶中硫酸根的含量为(20.52±0.57)％;方法学符合测定要求。结论 该方法简单、准确、快速、灵敏度较高,适用于海藻多糖硫酸根含量的测定。     

Chondroprotection with chondroitin sulfate

The remarkable insights into the pathogenesis of osteo-arthrosis (OA) have also affected the therapeutic field. Efforts have been made to find drugs which would somehow block or slow down the evolution of this disease. In this connection, a major contribution has been made by the investigations on glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which play a crucial role in the physiology of joint cartilage. It was thus suggested that proper supplementation with GAGs might enable chondrocytes to replace the proteoglycans (PG). Galactosaminoglucuronoglycan sulfate (GAGGS) has been used for this purpose. In preliminary clinical trials, GAGGS exhibited a remarkable tolerability and good therapeutic efficacy. GAGs are generally able to inhibit certain enzymes present in the synovial fluid which may damage joint cartilage (elastase, hyaluronidase). Moreover, GAGGS has also been shown to act as an anti-inflammatory drug since it has an inhibitory effect over the complement. All these data supply evidence that, in theory, GAGGS may have a chondroprotective effect in patients with OA. In addition to the positive results of preliminary clinical trials, the use of GAGGS in OA therapy is based on the fact that this drug is absorbed by the body, is concentrated in the cartilages and produces no toxic or teratogenic effects. In the clinical studies performed so far, although of the open type, GAGGS has always yielded clinical improvement both of painful symptoms and of limited function thanks to its proven anti-inflammatory activity. Thus once the results from other ongoing trials (double blind) are available, hopefully GAGGS will in fact become a basic drug for OA therapy.