199颗阻生恒牙的牙位和病因分析

目的 探讨除下颌第三磨牙外的阻生恒牙的好发牙位和常见病因,提供其流行病学资料.方法 以临床检查、牙颌模型以及X线片作为诊断依据,对103例199颗阻生恒牙的牙位和病因进行归纳分析.结果 199颗阻生恒牙中上颌尖牙、上颌中切牙、下颌尖牙分别为94颗(47%)、39颗(20%)、20颗(10%);病因分析,萌出间隙不足者61颗,牙胚位置异常者21颗,牙形态异常者17颗,全身性因素导致的阻生恒牙36颗.结论 上颌尖牙、上颌中切牙、下颌尖牙为阻生恒牙最常见的牙位;萌出间隙不足、牙胚位置异常和牙体形态异常以及一些全身性因素是恒牙阻生的主要病因.     

上颌中切牙埋伏阻生的正畸治疗:28例报道

目的:通过对无萌出能力的埋伏阻生上颌中切牙进行外科开窗术 正畸牵引治疗,探讨埋伏上颌中切牙正畸牵引治疗的效果。方法:对28例30颗无萌出能力埋伏阻生的上颌中切牙进行外科开窗术 正畸牵引治疗。结果:28例埋伏牙中,1例已牵引萌出,因间隙不足,家长拒绝拔牙而未排齐;1例牵引3个月后萌出,因无时间复诊而放弃治疗,未排齐;其余均牵引入列,28例埋伏牙平均破龈时间为4.5个月,最长为10个月,最短为1个月;28颗埋伏牙牙髓活力测试全部正常,未见根吸收、黏连;4颗唇侧出现1￣4mm的牙龈退缩;2颗分别出现1.0mm和2.5mm的边缘骨丧失。结论:治疗的时机、合理的矫治方法、减少手术创伤、牵引力的大小以及支抗和炎症的有效控制是治疗成功的关键。     

3D打印装置个性化牵引上颌埋伏中切牙(附病例报告)

目的 采用数字化个性化打印牵引装置牵引埋伏上颌中切牙.方法 选取一例上颌中切牙埋伏患者,由于磨牙萌出高度不足及乳牙冠修复无法采用传统牵引装置,利用数字化设计个性化牵引装置对埋伏上颌中切牙牵引助萌.结果 个性化牵引装置固位、施力良好,成功实现上颌阻生埋伏牙助萌,治疗后牙根发育正常,牙周组织改建良好.结论 数字化牵引装置能...     

上颌异位阻生尖牙再植的研究

目的：探讨异位埋伏阻生尖牙拔除后再植于上颌尖牙区,以矫正牙列缺隙与牙列不齐的治疗效果。方法13例18个埋伏阻生尖牙,经术前分析无法导萌或经导萌无法牵引萌出。正畸开辟间隙后,拔出埋伏尖牙再植于尖牙区。术后正畸治疗排齐牙列,关闭间隙。结果：18个埋伏尖牙拔除后再植,1年内均无松动脱落,再植2年后2个尖牙有松动,牙根吸收,其余16个牙均无松动移位。结论：对于无法导萌的埋伏尖牙,拔出后再植,不仅保留了尖牙,而且矫正了上颌前牙的缺隙,是一种快速有效排齐牙列的方法。     

正畸牵引联合牙槽外科矫治上颌尖牙埋伏阻生的临床观察

目的 观察正畸牵引联合牙槽外科手术矫治上颌尖牙埋伏阻生的临床疗效。方法 对30例上颌尖牙埋伏阻生病例,利用正畸牵引联合牙槽外科手术进行矫治。结果 6例埋伏尖牙,经开拓间隙或减数助萌治疗,3～5个月后自然萌出;24例行牙槽外科开窗术配合正畸牵引,8～12个月后萌出。牙髓活力正常,牙龈形态美观,牙周情况良好。结论 正畸牵引联合牙槽外科手术,可快速有效地矫治上颌埋伏阻生尖牙。     

使用导杆式矫治器治疗腭侧阻生上中切牙

目的 分析上颌腭侧埋伏阻生中切牙的正畸矫治效果及导杆式矫治器的治疗作用.方法 利用导杆式矫治器治疗7例上颌单侧中切牙腭侧埋伏的患牙,以对侧自然萌出中切牙作为对照.矫治前后拍摄全景片,测量矫治后埋伏牙和对照牙的牙全长、解剖牙根长度、解剖牙冠长度、根长/冠长,用SPSS 17.0软件进行成组t检验.结果 6例腭侧埋伏中切牙经牵引萌出后排齐,牙髓和牙周状况良好.萌出后埋伏牙解剖牙根长度比对照组牙根短4.00 mm（P=0.020）,根长/冠长值平均为1.36±0.31,小于对照组（P=0.048）.其中1例因埋伏牙骨粘连,牵引16个月后无移动而放弃牵引.结论 矫治后腭侧埋伏中切牙有足够的长度,应保留埋伏牙;导杆式矫治器是治疗上颌腭侧埋伏中切牙的一种有效方法.     

上颌中切牙埋伏阻生的临床分析与矫治

作者分析了39例上颌中切牙埋伏阻生患者的性别构成、发生位置、发病原因及治疗方法。结果发现在性别构成上无明显差异；埋伏阻生者多于；发病原因主要为萌出间隙不足、乳牙滞留、牙胚位置不正等。作者认为埋伏阻生的上颌中切牙经正畸牵引矫治，可得以保存、恢复功能和美观．     

上颌埋伏阻生前牙正畸治疗的临床研究

目的：观察上颌埋伏阻生前牙应用固定正畸方法进行矫治的临床疗效,探讨埋伏阻生前牙有效的治疗方法。方法：对49例58颗上颌前牙埋伏阻生病例,应用固定正畸进行矫治,结合牙槽外科开窗术,对埋伏牙进行牵引。其中20颗进行开拓间隙使之自然萌出,38颗进行开窗封闭式牵引导萌矫治。结果：55颗阻生牙矫治后牙髓活力正常、未见埋伏牙及邻牙牙根吸收、牙周组织正常。开窗封闭式牵引导萌有3颗牙治疗失败,总体成功率94.8%。结论：应用固定正畸技术开拓间隙或结合牙槽外科开窗术导萌埋伏阻生牙,可有效保存上颌埋伏阻生前牙。     

上颌阻生尖牙导萌治疗的护理

由于牙齿的错位和间隙的不足等各种原因,常常导致牙齿的埋伏与阻生,上颌尖牙由于萌出顺序的缘故（５０％的个体上颌尖牙在双尖牙后萌出）,或者在颌骨骨量较小的时候,往往导致上颌尖牙的阻生。尖牙阻生的结果常使邻牙错位或中线偏斜。由于尖牙在美观和功能方面的重要作...     

上颌埋伏尖牙导萌的临床研究

目的探讨上颌埋伏尖牙不同的治疗方法。方法对18例患者的25颗上颌埋伏尖牙进行治疗。首先用直丝弓矫治器拓展埋伏牙的间隙;随后根据患者的年龄、根尖的发育程度、埋伏牙的位置及与邻牙的关系采用不同的导萌方法。9颗上颌埋伏尖牙应用正畸助萌法进行治疗,16颗通过外科翻瓣导萌术进行治疗。结果 25例埋伏牙顺利萌出至正常位置,尖牙及邻近侧切牙牙髓、牙周正常,但正畸助萌法导萌的尖牙牙龈形态更佳。结论正畸助萌法矫治上颌埋伏尖牙效果更佳。     

柠檬精油对牙周致病菌抑制作用及其安全性初步研究

目的:探讨柠檬精油对牙周致病菌的体外抗菌活性及对细胞增殖的影响。方法:采用微量液体稀释法测定柠檬精油对Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC)及最小杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration,MBC);以较低浓度的MIC为标准稀释LEO作为实验组,采用MTT法测定柠檬精油对HUVECs的毒性作用,明确抑菌浓度下LEO的安全性。结果:柠檬精油对牙周主要致病菌均有抑菌作用,Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的MIC分别是9.0 g/L、4.5 g/L、4.5 g/L、9.0 g/L,Aa、Fn的 MBC是9.0 g/L,Pg、Pi的MBC未测得。1/2MIC、1/20MIC浓度的LEO能够抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长,而低于1/200MIC浓度的LEO则对人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长没有影响,其中1/200MIC浓度的LEO作用明显优于0.02%的CHX。结论:体外环境中,柠檬精油对牙周致病菌Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi具有抗菌活性,低浓度应用对机体相对安全。     

Oral cancer: molecular technologies for risk assessment and diagnosis

Purpose: The effective biomarkers related to diagnosis, metastasis, drug resistance and irradiation sensitivity of oral cancers will help the pathologist and oncologist to determine the molecular taxonomy diagnosis and design the individualization treatment for the patients with oral cancers.     

Computer-assisted planning for maxillofacial prosthodontic rehabilitation

Computerized tomography (CT) planning and the use of CT derived surgical templates for implant placement have shown promise for restoring function within months after surgical reconstruction of acquired post-oncologic defects.     

Stimulated whole saliva components in children with Down syndrome

The authors report on the components of stimulated whole saliva from children with Down syndrome—including pH, flow rate, sialic acid and protein concentrations, and amylase and peroxidase activity. Saliva samples were collected from 35 children aged 6–10 years. Of the participants, 17 had Down syndrome and 18 did not. To stimulate saliva production, the children chewed a piece of parafilm for 10 minutes before the sample was collected. Soon after collecting the saliva sample, the authors measured pH using a portable pH-meter. Sialic acid levels were determined with a thiobarbituric acid assay. Protein content was determined with Folin's phenol reagent. Amylase was assayed and the authors measured the maltose produced by the breakdown of starch and peroxidase using ortho-dianisidine.
No statistically significant difference was observed in levels of sialic acid (free and total) between the two groups. Protein concentration was about 36% higher in the group with Down syndrome. However, the salivary flow rate, pH, and amylase and peroxidase activities were lower among the children with Down syndrome.     

Effect of Pingyangmycin on human venous malformation endothelial cells

Purpose: Venous malformations are common vascular anomalies with a propensity of the head and neck. Intralesional injection of Pingyangmycin (PYM, bleomycin A5 hydrochloride) is a widely used sclerotherapy method for the treatment of venous malformation.     

牙髓再生的研究现状

目前,根管治疗术在临床上已得到了广泛的应用并成功的保存了患牙,但其仍有许多术后并发症。随着组织工程技术在口腔领域的应用,构建一种组织工程化牙髓进行牙髓-牙本质复合体的再生治疗成为可能。近年来国内外已有很多关于牙髓再生的研究,并且已经取得了一定成果。本文将对目前国内外牙髓再生的研究进展现状作一综述。     

Oropharyngeal dysphagia in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis alters quality of life

Dysphagia is one of the most important complications encountered in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Our aim was to determine whether oropharyngeal dysphagia impacted the quality of life (QoL) of patients with ALS. Thirty consecutive patients were recruited (31–82 years, 18 men). Swallowing function was evaluated using a standardised videofluoroscopic barium swallow. All the patients completed a specific questionnaire on quality of life in dysphagia (SWAL‐QoL) immediately after the videofluoroscopy. The results of dysphagia outcome severity scale separated 14 patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia and 16 with normal swallowing function. There was no difference in the average age, weight and body mass index of the two groups (dysphagic patients: 68 ± 11 kg versus non‐dysphagic patients: 69 ± 14 kg). Most of the dysphagic patients had a bulbar affection based on their Norris scores which determine the importance of cranial nerves illness (20 ± 8), significantly lower than those of the non‐dysphagic patients (35 ± 5) (P < 0·0001). There was no difference in the neurological peripheral symptoms evaluated by Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale scores (dysphagic patients: 26 ± 7 versus non‐dysphagic patients: 27 ± 8) (ns). The swallowing quality of life questionnaire revealed that the dysphagic patients had significant burden (P < 0·001). They were affected by the necessity to applied a food selection (P < 0·01), by the increase in eating duration (P < 0·05) and described a decrease in eating desire (P < 0·05). They complained of fear regarding the risk of dysphagia (P < 0·05). They also described difficulties with oral communication (P < 0·001). All of those complained about dysphagia which impacted directly mental health (P < 0·05) and social life (P < 0·05). In conclusion, oropharyngeal dysphagia is a common symptom accompanying ALS, which alters the patient's QoL, especially social health.     

替牙期骨性Ⅲ类错牙合患者颞下颌关节特征的锥形束CT研究

目的:采用锥形束CT(CBCT)研究替牙期骨性Ⅲ类错牙合患者颞下颌关节的影像学特征,探讨Ⅲ类功能状态下,颞下颌关节的生长、改建机制。方法:从就诊于昆明医科大学附属口腔医院正畸科的患者中选取符合纳入标准的替牙期骨性Ⅲ类错牙合患者及骨性Ⅰ类错牙合患者各20名,使用NNT viewer 5.3图像处理软件进行三维重建及线距和角度的测量,并进行统计学分析。结果:替牙期骨性Ⅲ类错牙合患者组和替牙期骨性Ⅰ类错牙合患者组对比结果为:矢状面双侧关节前间隙偏小、双侧关节上间隙偏小、双侧关节结节斜度偏小;冠状面双侧关节内间隙偏小,双侧关节上间隙偏小,双侧关节外间隙偏小,右侧髁状突角度偏小;横截面右侧髁状突前后径偏小。结论:替牙期骨性Ⅲ类错牙合患者颞下颌关节发育不充分,呈现髁状突,关节窝深度,关节结节斜度;冠状面关节内、外间隙均较小的特征。骨性Ⅲ类错牙合患者髁状突在关节窝中处于前置近关节窝顶位置。骨性Ⅲ类错牙合患者颞下颌关节影像学特征与其功能状态相适应。     

拔牙位点保存用复合温敏凝胶的构建及体外表征

目的:制备多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合温敏凝胶,探讨其作为拔牙位点保存材料的理化性能。方法:采用原位沉积方法制备多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石(MWNT/ HA简称HAC)复合无机材料,将其分散至壳聚糖温敏凝胶中,制备壳聚糖/多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石(CS /MWNT/HA简称CS/HAC)复合温敏凝胶,以成胶时间、孔径、孔隙率、机械强度及降解性能为指标优化配方设计,并表征复合温敏凝胶的微观形貌及理化性能。结果:以10 g/L的HAC作为补强成分加入到壳聚糖溶液中,能够在不影响成胶并保证一定孔隙率(84%)的前提下,提高材料的机械性能(抗压强度0.441 MPa),所获复合温敏凝胶具有适宜的临床操作时间(12 min),并具有可控的降解速率。结论:负载HAC的复合温敏凝胶具有良好的成型性,并具有较好的机械性能,在拔牙位点保存领域具有良好的应用前景。