砂眼衣原体泌尿生殖系感染：附7例报告

本院3年间遇7例砂眼衣原体泌尿生殖系感染,其中3例并淋球菌感染,全部经荧光标记砂眼衣原体抗体检查确定诊断。主要用四环素治疗,每例总剂量为28～56g,疗程3周以上,停药1周后复查衣原体转阴为治愈标准。指出本病有增多趋势,临床应引起重视。     

肾上腺神经鞘瘤7例报告

自1995年1月～2003年9月，我院共收治肾上腺神经鞘瘤患者7例，均经手术和病理检查证实，现报告如下。     

艾滋病相关性泌尿生殖系疾患(附39例报告)

目的 探讨艾滋病相关性泌尿生殖系疾患的临床表现和治疗选择。方法 回顾分析39例艾滋病相关性泌尿生殖系疾患的临床资料，结合文献进行讨论。结果 艾滋病累及泌尿生殖系可表现为泌尿系感染、前列腺炎、前列腺脓肿、尿道出血、肾病、阴囊阴茎皮肤坏疽、睾丸萎缩、勃起功能障碍、阴茎阴囊卡波济氏肉瘤、睾丸恶性淋巴瘤等。39例中7例死于严重感染、肾功能衰竭及恶性肿瘤。12例联合抗HIV治疗者8例存活，其血液中CD4T细胞计数均有不同程度的上升。结论 艾滋病累及泌尿生殖系的表现是多样化的，对疾病的充分掌握和选择恰当的治疗方案对提高艾滋病患者的生存率和生活质量有重要意义。     

泌尿生殖系横纹肌肉瘤10例报告

泌尿生殖系横纹肌肉瘤 ( RMS)临床少见。我院1 980年 4月～ 2 0 0 0年 6月共收治 1 0例 ,均经病理检查证实 ,现报告如下。1　资料与方法1 .1 　 一般资料本组 1 0例 ,男 8例 ,女 2例 ,年龄 2 .5～ 3岁 2例 ,1 4～ 1 7岁 3例 ,2 8～ 46岁 5例 ,平均年龄 2 4 .6岁。其中尿道肿瘤 1例 ,子宫肿瘤 1例 ,睾旁精索肿瘤 2例 ,前列腺肿瘤 3例 ,膀胱肿瘤 3例。病史 2周～ 2年。临床表现为尿频 6例 ,尿痛 4例 ,血尿 5例 ,排尿困难伴急性尿潴溜 3例 ,会阴、腰骶部胀痛 3例 ,下腹肿块 1例 ,右侧隐睾伴同侧髂窝肿块 1例。2例尿常规检查有脓细胞、白细胞…     

泌尿生殖系多原发恶性肿瘤15例报告

目的：探讨泌尿生殖系多原发恶性肿瘤（MPN）的相关问题。方法：对15例泌尿生殖系MPN患者临床资料进行回顾性分析，并结合文献复习就其诊断标准、发病情况、发病因素及预后进行了讨论。结果：第2癌切除术后生存1．5年者1例，2年者1例，3年以上者2例，5年者2例。结论：MPN的预后与转移癌不一样，鉴别多发癌是多原发癌还是转移癌具有重要的临床意义。     

肾上腺神经鞘瘤(附三例报告)

目的 根据３例肾上腺神经鞘瘤。方法 回顾性分析３例肾上腺神经鞘瘤病人的临床资料。结合文献讨论此病的发病情况,病理学特征以及诊治方法。结果 ３例肿瘤均经手术切除,病理学证实良性２例,恶性１例,随访３～５年未见复发,结论 肾上腺神经鞘瘤的术前诊断困难。确诊需经病学检查。手术切除是最佳治疗方法,恶性神经鞘瘤可辅以放疗。     

泌尿生殖系统神经鞘瘤八例报告

泌尿生殖系统神经鞘瘤临床罕见。我院 1991至 1999年收治 8例 ,均经病理证实 ,报告如下。临床资料　患者 8例。男 6例 ,女 2例。年龄 2 0～ 6 5岁。病程 5ｄ～ 7年。肿瘤发生于膀胱、前列腺、尿道口、睾丸、阴茎和阴道者各 1例 ,精索 2例。发生于膀胱者首发症状为排尿终末时尿道疼痛 ,Ｂ超示膀胱前壁一 3ｃｍ× 4ｃｍ强回声团 ,内部回声不均 ,ＣＴ显示膀胱右侧壁一 3ｃｍ× 4ｃｍ× 5ｃｍ圆形肿块突向腔内 ,边缘光滑 ,ＣＴ值 4 0 .6 2ＨＵ。发生于前列腺者首发症状为全程肉眼血尿 ,Ｂ超见前列腺 5ｃｍ× 5ｃｍ× 4ｃｍ ,突入膀胱 ,尿道镜于…     

泌尿生殖系平滑肌肿瘤25例临床分析

目的：探讨泌尿生殖系平滑肌肿瘤的临床表现为诊治方案。方法：对１９８０年以来收治的泌尿生殖系平滑肌肿瘤２５例进行分析，其中平滑肌瘤２１例，平滑肌肉瘤４例，分别位于肾、输尿管、膀胱、前列腺、尿道、精索及附睾。２１例平滑肌瘤均行肿瘤切除术，４例平滑肌肉瘤，３例行肿切除术，１例行活检术。结果：随访２￣８年，平滑肌瘤术后未发现复发性维生素 ４例平滑肌肉瘤中的应急３例术后生存１．４￣３．２年后死亡，１例后，４     

胃神经鞘瘤:附9例报告

目的 分析胃神经鞘瘤的临床特点、诊断和治疗方法。方法 回顾分析笔者近15年来收治的9例胃神经鞘瘤的临床资料。结果 临床主要表现是上腹部隐痛(9例)、腹部肿块(5例)和上消化道出血(3例)。9例均手术治疗，但无1例术前确诊。1例恶性胃神经鞘瘤术后只生存了8个月，良性的手术效果良好。结论 胃神经鞘瘤无特异性临床表现，术前确诊困难，误诊率高，一经确诊，应及早手术治疗。     

泌尿生殖系统非霍奇金淋巴瘤(附8例报告)

目的：探讨泌尿生殖系统非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）的临床特点和诊治方法。方法：总结8例泌尿生殖系统NHL患者的临床资料,患者男5例,女3例,年龄38～76岁,平均55岁,肿瘤发生部位及临床表现分别为睾丸3例（睾丸无痛性增大,其中左侧1冽,右侧2例）、肾上腺2例（1例体检发现、1例低热、乏力伴体重下降．其中左侧1例,双侧1例）、前列腺1例（排尿困难）、左输尿管1例（左侧腰痛）、女性尿道1例（尿道肿物伴排尿困难）。病史1周～3年。检索Pubmed和CBM数据库相关文献,进行复习。结果：8例患者均行于术治疗,病理类型均为非霍奇金B细胞淋巴瘤,3例术后行CHOP方案化疗（睾丸2例、肾上腺1例）,3例行放疗加化疗（警丸1例、前列腺1例、女性尿道1例）,2例未进一步治疗。术后随访1～11年,4例死亡（睾丸2例、肾上腺2例）,余1例存活。结论：泌尿生殖系统NHL临床症状不典型,预后较差,治疗宜采取手术联合放疗及化疗。     

女性泌尿生殖道瘘的手术治疗(附58例报告)

目的:探讨提高女性泌尿生殖道瘘疗效的措施。方法:对58例膀胱阴道尿道瘘患者,经膀胱镜检查和亚甲蓝试验等确诊。除2例留置导尿管后瘘口自行闭合、3例肿瘤复发未行手术外,53例于膀胱阴道尿道瘘发生后3~8个月行手术修补。其中18例取经阴道手术径路,35例经腹和膀胱手术径路。结果:53例手术均成功,无并发症;术后随访3~6个月,无复发。结论:根据患者具体情况、瘘孔的性质及术者经验,选择手术时间和手术径路,可提高女性泌尿生殖道瘘的修复效果。     

多系统萎缩与泌尿生殖系功能障碍(附四例报告)

目的认识多系统萎缩病人的泌尿生殖系功能障碍特点。方法报告４例多系统萎缩病例。结果多系统萎缩在泌尿生殖系改变上表现为阳萎、尿潴留、尿失禁等,尿动力学检查有膀胱逼尿肌反射亢进或无反射,影像学检查有不同程度的脑萎缩。结论本病是一种以中枢神经系统一定部位萎缩所致的临床病变,而这些萎缩部位在控制泌尿生殖系功能方面起着重要的作用,泌尿生殖系改变与膀胱出口梗阻病变非常相象,如正确诊断,可避免不必要的外科治疗。     

Schwannoma of the Breast: Report of a Case

This report describes a rare case of a schwannoma that developed in the left breast of a 45-year-old woman without von Recklinghausens disease. The patient complained of a mass growing slowly in her breast for more than 4 years. She did not have any pain and denied any discharge from her nipple. A physical examination revealed a 3.1 × 2.3-cm, elastic-soft, smooth, and mobile lump close to the nipple of the left breast. Mammography revealed a circumscribed, oval-shaped, and equal dense nodule without microcalcification. On ultrasonography the lesion was found to be a well-demarcated, hypoechoic mass including a large cystic area, which led to the suspicion of a phyllodes tumor. An excisional biopsy was performed. A microcopic examination revealed a structure with interlacing bundles of numerous elongated spindle-shaped cells with a typical palisading pattern. These findings were compatible with schwannoma. A review of the English literature yielded 21 proven cases of breast schwannoma. In this report, we describe another such case and review those documented in the literature.     

Primary Peritracheal Schwannoma: Report of a Case

Posterior mediastinal tumors of neurogenic origin commonly arise from the sympathetic or intercostal nerves. However, anterior mediastinal tumors rarely originate from the vagus nerve, and primary neurogenic tumors of the trachea are extremely uncommon. A 19-year-old man was admitted to an emergency department in sudden acute respiratory distress. A tracheostomy was performed and he was transferred to our Ear Nose and Throat Department for further investigation. A bronchoscopic biopsy was taken of a mass occupying the tracheal lumen and intraoperative frozen section examination suggested a schwannoma, so tracheal resection was performed. Although rare, primary tracheal schwannoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of sudden respiratory distress of unknown origin.     

脊椎管内神经鞘瘤的手术治疗（附25例报告）

目的：回顾性临床研究25例脊椎管内神经鞘瘤及手术治疗结果。方法：分别描述颈段（12例）、胸段（4例）和腰段（9例）肿瘤的临床表现和类型，以及影像学检查结果，包括X线平片、脊髓造影、CT和MRI。19例肿瘤全部切除，6例大部切除。优良率为80％，3例术后复发再次治疗，4例发生并发症，结论：①详细描述了肿③部位、侵犯范围、形态学特征及病理变化，对肿瘤的诊断治疗很有意义。②应遵循临床检查、影像学检查、手术探查和病理识别及切片检查相结合的诊断程序。③术前充分估计手术困难程度、术中全部切除肿瘤并保护神经组织、以提高治疗效果。     

输尿管囊肿的影像学诊断与早期处理(附7例报告)

目的：探讨输尿管囊肿的诊断与治疗方案。方法：回顾性分析7例输尿管囊肿患者的临床资料，3例采用三角区重建术治疗，2例行经尿道囊肿低位横切开术，1例外院行经尿道囊肿切开术后反流患者行输尿管再植术，1例行重复上半肾及输尿管切除术。结果：7例患者均获治愈，随访6个月～11年，无并发症发生。结论：输尿管囊肿主要依靠影像学诊断；手术处理宜早期进行，输尿管口囊肿切除、三角区重建术是一种好的术式；输尿管反流和泌尿系感染是各种治疗不应忽视的问题。     

Solitary Schwannoma of the Colon: Report of Two Cases

Some patients with gastrointestinal schwannoma (GIS) have been previously reported in the literature. However, GIS of the colon is quite rare. In addition, it is sometimes difficult to differentiate neurogenic tumors from other soft tissue tumors. We herein describe two cases of schwannoma of the colon, while also reviewing the relevant Japanese literature. The first case, a 73-year-old woman underwent a sigmoidectomy with lymph node dissection following the diagnosis of submucosal tumor. In the second case, a submucosal tumor was located in the cecum of a 44-year-old man. An endoscopic tumor resection was performed in the second case. The resected tumors measured 3.6 and 1.0 cm in maximal diameter, respectively. Microscopically, the tumors consisted predominantly of spindle-shaped cells that proliferated in an interlaced fashion. Mitosis was rarely seen in these tumors. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were strongly positive for S-100 protein, weakly positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein, and negative for CD34, α-smooth-muscle actin, and cytokeratin (CAM 5.2) in both cases. The tumors in the two cases were both diagnosed to be benign schwannoma of the colon. In general, schwannoma of the gastrointestinal tract is considered to be benign and should therefore be distinguished from other spindle-cell tumors or malignancies. Once diagnosed as schwannoma, extensive surgery should be avoided. Actually, such patients tend to show a good postoperative course with no evidence of recurrence. Received: November 2, 2000 / Accepted: May 15, 2001     

Schwannoma of Parapharyngeal Space: a Case Report

The incidence of schwannoma in the head and neck region is between 25 and 45 %. The vestibular nerve is involved in most cases followed by the parapharyngeal space. Schwannoma, also known as neurilemmoma, is a benign neoplasm that originates from the Schwann cells. These cells form the myelin sheath around myelinated peripheral axons. Here, we report a case of parapharyngeal space schwannoma in a 27-year-old female.     

恶性淋巴瘤侵及泌尿生殖系统三例报告及文献复习

目的探讨恶性淋巴瘤侵及泌尿生殖系的临床特点。方法报告恶性淋巴瘤侵及泌尿生殖系3例。例1,男,68岁,主诉为右侧腰部不适1个月。CT扫描示右肾门处4.0 cm×5.5 cm软组织影,密度均匀,右腰大肌自肾下极至髂内肌水平弥漫增粗,内见低密度软组织影。例2,男,72岁,主诉为左下肢肿胀2周。CT检查示左精囊软组织肿物,直径2.5 cm;左髂动脉分叉处6.5 cm×4.5 cm软组织肿块。例3,女,48岁,主诉为发热1个月。CT检查示双侧肾上腺区8.0 cm×6.0 cm,7.0 cm×6.5 cm实性占位,界限清晰,密度不均。结合文献复习,对此类疾病的发病率、临床特点、手术治疗和预后进行总结。结果3例患者均手术治疗,原发部位分别为腹膜后及盆腔淋巴结,肾脏、精囊、肾上腺受累各1例,病理类型均为非霍奇金弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤。例1术后2个月死亡。例2、3术后行CHOP方案化疗,分别随访4个月、2年,均无瘤生存。结论淋巴瘤侵及泌尿生殖系统临床症状不典型,预后较差。此类患者手术效果不佳,治疗应以化疗、放疗为主。手术探查对于明确诊断有积极意义。