Zung氏焦虑抑郁量表测评心血管内科住院患者的适用性分析

目的探讨Zung氏焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表测评心血管病住院患者的适用性。方法采用问卷对209例住院患者进行一般资料、焦虑和抑郁自评量表的调查,利用项目分析、相关分析、信度分析探讨两量表的适用性。结果调查对象中焦虑和抑郁的发生率分别为27.3%和34.0%。焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表的Cronbach’sα系数分别为0.803和0.814。焦虑自评量表中有4个条目与总标准分相关性低(r<0.4),抑郁自评量表中有8项条目与总标准分相关性低(r<0.4)。两个量表中分别有2项条目删除后Cronbach’sα系数增大。结论虽两个自评量表操作简便、易于掌握并被广泛应用,但本研究结果却证实两个自评量表对心血管病住院患者的焦虑和抑郁心理评估的适用性较差,应不用或慎用。     

The Personality Characteristics and Emotional Disorders of Alcohol Dependence Patients

目的 探讨酒依赖患者的人格特征及情绪障碍.方法 对我院住院治疗的87例慢性酒中毒患者进行艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)及Zung抑郁量表(SAS)、Zung焦虑量表(SDS)测试,并与全国常模进行对照研究.结果 酒依赖患者具有明显的人格特征,主要是N(t=6.74,P＜0.01)、E(t=7.25,P＜0.01)两项分值明显高于正常,这些患者抑郁量表(t=5.57,P＜0.05)及焦虑量表(t=6.23,P＜0.05)分值高于正常,有明显的情绪障碍.结论 酒依赖患者具有明显的人格偏离及情绪障碍.     

中学生漏斗胸患者心理健康状况与人格特征的相关研究

【目的】 研究中学生漏斗胸患者的心理健康水平与人格特征的关系,为建立该病的生理-心理-社会综合治疗方案提供依据。 【方法】 选取2009年7月-2011年5月期间入北京军区总院胸外科诊治且心理问卷有效的中学生漏斗胸患者57例,对其症状自评量表(SCL-90)和艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)测查结果进行常模对照与相关分析。 【结果】 患者SCL-90中的躯体化、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对5个因子分显著高于常模(P＜0.05),EPQ中男女生均在内外向(E)与神经质(N)2个因子分显著高于常模(P＜0.05);EPQ中N与SCL-90各因子均呈正相关,E与躯体化、强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、偏执等6项因子呈负相关,P与人际关系、抑郁呈正相关,L与强迫、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执等5项因子呈负相关。 【结论】 漏斗胸患者的心理健康水平较低,其人格特征多为外倾-不稳定型;术前心理测验对于制定合理治疗方案具有重要意义。     

济南市两所初中学校学生自杀意念现状及相关因素研究

【目的】探讨初中生自杀意念的现状及自杀意念与焦虑抑郁情绪、人格特征的关系。【方法】采用自杀意念自评量表、艾森克人格问卷、焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表,调查济南市两所初中共830人。【结果】初中生年自杀意念检出率为10.7%,且随着年龄的增加呈上升趋势(P0.05)。有无自杀意念两组在焦虑抑郁情绪、EPQ各人格维度上有显著性差异(P0.01)。自杀意念与焦虑抑郁情绪、EPQ各人格维度在α=0.05水平上显著相关。自杀意念危险因素有焦虑抑郁情绪、神经质、精神质、内外向及掩饰性。【结论】有焦虑抑郁情绪和不良人格特征的初中生易产生自杀意念。     

原发性痛经患者的EPQ和SCL-90调查

目的:了解近年来原发痛经患者的人格特征和心理素质的变化,为帮助原发性痛经患者改善心理问题和人格特征提供理论依据。方法:采用艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)对门诊就诊的原发性痛经患者(痛经组)进行问卷调查,并将结果与国内常模进行比较。结果:SCL-90中强迫、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖及精神病性因子得分均高于国内成人常模,阳性项目数和总均分均高于国内成人常模,差异均有统计学意义。EPQ量表中E分值低于中国常模,N、L分值高于中国常模具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:原发性痛经患者的人格特征得分多项高于国内常模,E分值低于中国常模,与以往研究结果不同。     

医学院校大学生失眠相关因素调查分析

目的:探讨医学院校大学生失眠情况及其相关因素。方法:采用艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、生活经历调查表(LES)、Zung’s焦虑(SAS)及抑郁(SDS)自评量表,对失眠组与正常对照组进行测评。结果:失眠组EPQ中N分高于对照组,E分低于对照组(P<0.001),失眠组焦虑和抑郁者人数均较对照组多(P<0.005)。健康状况差、学生生活不满意、每周体育活动少、性格内向、学习负担重、同学矛盾、名誉受损及考试失败的学生患失眠症状高于无失眠症状者。结论:医学院校大学生存在不同程度的失眠症状,加强心理咨询、心理疏导,调整性格行为,可有效提高睡眠效率。     

焦虑和抑郁对慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重住院患者生活质量的影响

目的探讨焦虑和抑郁情绪对慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重(AECOPD)住院患者生活质量的影响。方法应用Zung氏焦虑自评量表(SAS)和Zung氏抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估43例AECOPD住院患者的焦虑和抑郁情绪,应用改良版St George’s呼吸问卷(SGRQ-C)评价患者的生活质量。结果 43例AECOPD住院患者焦虑情绪发生率为53.49%(23/43),焦虑评分为55.86±9.81,抑郁情绪发生率为60.47%(26/43),抑郁评分为54.84±10.70。焦虑组和抑郁组患者SGRQ-C各部分评分及总分均高于无焦虑组和无抑郁组患者(P0.05)。SAS评分与SGRQ-C各部分评分和总分均呈正相关(0.399≤rs≤0.562,P0.01),其中焦虑情绪与疾病影响的相关性最好(rs=0.562,P0.01);SDS评分与SGRQ-C各部分评分和总分均呈正相关(0.321≤rs≤0.436,P0.05),其中抑郁情绪与疾病影响的相关性最好(rs=0.436,P0.01)。结论 AECOPD患者住院期间焦虑和抑郁情绪障碍发生率较高,严重影响患者生活质量;评估AECOPD患者住院期间的焦虑和抑郁情绪有助于提高患者生活质量。     

277例恐怖症患者的个性特征及临床特点分析研究

目的　探讨恐怖症患者的个性特征及临床特点。方法　对 2 77例确诊为恐怖症的患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析 ,用艾森克个性问卷 (Eysenckpersonalityquestionnaire ,EPQ)、症状自评量表 (symptomchecklist90 ,SCL - 90 )通过问卷形式调查。结果　恐怖症患者的个性特点为E分低 ,N分高 ,且其在强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性等方面与常模对照组差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　恐怖症患者有性格内向 ,情绪稳定性差的个性特点 ,恐怖症患者在强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性因子等评分均明显高于健康人群。     

护理干预对消化道肿瘤病人家属抑郁焦虑心理的影响

目的探讨护理干预对消化道肿瘤病人家属抑郁情绪与焦虑心理的改善情况。方法对40例消化道肿瘤患者家属进行健康教育、心理干预、预后宣传等护理措施,使用Zung氏焦虑自评量表(SAS)与抑郁自评量表(SDS)的调查问卷,统计家属护理前后抑郁情绪和焦虑心理对比情况,以P<0.05为有统计学意义。结果护理干预后家属抑郁、焦虑症状明显改善,SAS、SDS测评分数明显低于我国国内常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通过有效的健康教育、心理干预、预后宣传等护理措施,提高肿瘤患者及家属对于治疗的依从性和主动性。     

孕期焦虑抑郁症状与人格特征、社会支持的相关性研究

目的探讨孕期焦虑抑郁症状与人格特征、社会支持的相关性。方法对2015年6月-2016年12月上海市五家综合性医院及妇幼保健院产科门诊970例孕妇进行问卷调查,回收问卷940份,剔除无效问卷33份,共收回有效问卷907份,调查问卷包括孕妇一般情况问卷、医院焦虑抑郁量表(HAD)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)等,并经Pearson相关性分析,分析孕妇孕期焦虑抑郁症状与人格特征及社会支持的相关性。结果孕妇焦虑、抑郁评分均高于常模(P0.05),且孕妇EPQ各项评分及SSRS总分均较低;经Pearson相关性分析,发现孕妇焦虑抑郁症状与神经质、内外向、精神质量表分值呈正相关(P0.05),与掩饰性量表分值呈负相关(P0.05);与主观支持、客观支持、支持利用度、支持总分呈负相关(P0.05)。结论孕期妇女多存在焦虑、抑郁症状,且与人格特征及社会支持有关。     

The quality of life in late-stage dementia (QUALID) scale

OBJECTIVES: To develop a valid and reliable instrument for rating quality of life in persons with late-stage Alzheimer's disease and other dementing illnesses. DESIGN: A group of clinicians with extensive experience in dealing with dementia patients developed by consensus the Quality of Life in Dementia Scale (QUALID), an 11-item scale. The window of observation for each subject was 7 days. A 5-point scale captured the frequency of each item (total score ranging from 11 to 55). Lower scores reflected a higher quality of life (QOL). Validity was assessed by comparison with other measures. SETTING: Dementia special care unit. PARTICIPANTS: Professional caregivers of 42 patients. MEASUREMENTS: QUALID, Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE), Physical Self-Maintenance Scale (PSMS), Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). RESULTS: QUALID scores ranged from 12 to 45 points and were skewed toward higher QOL (lower scores). Internal consistency of items was high, as were test-retest reliability and consistency across recorders. As expected, there was no relationship between QUALID and MMSE or PSMS scores, but there was a statistically significant, although moderate, relationship between QUALID and NPI, and GDS scores. CONCLUSION: The QUALID is a reliable and valid scale, administered to caregivers, for rating QOL in persons with late-stage dementing illness.     

心理干预对乳腺癌化疗患者心理状态效果观察

目的:探讨心理干预对乳腺癌首次化疗患者心理状态的效果.方法:采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS),对30例术后首次化疗的乳腺癌女性患者进行心理干预.在干预前后进行心理状况测评,然后比较护理干预前后效果.结果:30例乳腺癌首次化疗的女性患者均有不同水平的焦虑、抑郁情绪,心理干预后焦虑、抑郁评分均下降,两者相比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论:心理干预能改善乳腺癌首次化疗患者焦虑、抑郁心理,促进患者积极参与治疗,提高疾病的愈后.     

乳腺癌患者生命质量的影响因素分析

目的：探讨和分析乳腺癌患者的生命质量及其影响因素。方法：采用癌症病人生活功能指数量表（FLIC）对128例现患乳腺癌患者进行生命质量的流行病学调查,对所得125份合格资料进行生命质量的评价、单因素分析和多元线性回归分析。结果：125例患者生命质量的FLIC得分均值为62．3分,95％可信区间为59．63～65．00分,因病借钱、治疗方式、手术效果是影响乳腺癌患者生命质量的主要因素。结论：普及乳腺癌的相关知识,减轻病人经济负担,加强对医务人员业务知识的培训和指导,提高乳腺癌的诊疗水平,完善医疗保健制度,有利于提高乳腺癌患者的生命质量。     

Quality of life scores: An independent prognostic variable in a general population of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy

This report examines the prognostic associations between QOL scores measured by the EORTC QLQ-C30 and survival in a large heterogeneous population of cancer patients. Eight hundred and fifty-one cancer patients who were to receive chemotherapy were enrolled in two National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group (NCIC CTG) antiemetic trials. All patients completed the EORTC QLQ-C30 immediately prior to their first chemotherapy. Survival data were available and obtained for 474 of 639 patients (74%). Cox's proportional hazards model was used to assess the independent impact of QOL and demographic variables on survival. Presence of metastatic disease, diagnosis of lung or ovarian cancer, ECOG performance status, global quality of life and emotional functioning were significantly associated with survival. Global QOL was predictive in all patients, in subgroups of patients with metastatic disease, with breast and lung cancer and other tumour types. In patients with low global quality of life scores, patients with low emotional functioning ratings lived longer than did patients with high emotional functioning ratings. Patients with high global QOL live significantly longer than do patients with low global QOL. The relationship between emotional functioning in patients with low global QOL and survival needs confirmation.     

乳腺癌术后康复期患者社会生活需求现况调查

目的分析乳腺癌患者术后康复期的社会生活需求。方法由经过统一培训的医务人员入户对本卒十区222例女性乳腺癌术后康复期患者进行流行病学调查，内容包括基本问卷、焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表和术后生活质量四部分。并就调查对象的社会学相关资料进行分析。结果222例乳腺癌术后患者在康复期对社会与家庭的需求情况如下：①112人（50．45％）对自己充满信心；107人（48．20％）最需要的帮助是门诊药物治疗；175人（78．83％）最想得到家人的支持；72人（32．43％）希望加入乳腺癌俱乐部；较想了解的知识包括乳腺癌康复知识、乳腺癌防治方法与预后。②乳腺癌患者因年龄、文化层次和性格特征等方面的不同，对疾病的认知程度、心理状况以及对手术的期望值等也有所不同，更需要多方面、不同层次的社会生活需求。结论乳腺癌患者要面对来自疾病、家庭和神会等方面的诸多问题，因此，应根据乳腺癌患者的社会需求，加强康复指导和护理服务，并动态地评估与管理。     

学习障碍儿童生活质量的研究

目的 比较学习障碍儿童与一般儿童、优秀儿童间生活质量的差异,为学习障碍儿童的干预研究提供依据。方法 整群随机抽取武汉市５年小学的１４８６名学生,用学习障碍筛查量表（ＰＲＳ）共筛查出学习障碍儿童１４６名,对其中３０名学习障碍儿间及对照组一般儿童、优秀儿童各３０保进行儿童少年生活质量量表的评定。结果 ３组儿童间在学习能力与态度、自我意识、同伴关系及师生关系等社会心理方面的维底及生活质量总分的差异有明显     

济宁市2型糖尿病患者生命质量及影响因素的研究

[目的]评价济宁市2型糖尿病病人的生命质量.分析相关影响因素,为改善患者生命质量提供科学依据.[方法]采用随机抽样方法收集济宁市3家医院糖尿病患者330例,以同期体检者330人作对照.用SF-36量表对患者生命质量进行评价.[结果]患者生命质量得分普遍较低,与对照组、常模的差异均有统计学意义.患者对患病的态度积极(OR=0.13)、饮食控制良好(OR=0.40)、经常锻炼(OR=0.26),其生命质量得分较高;并发症数目多(OR=18.19)、家庭人121多(OR=12.18)、病程长(OR=7.21)者,生命质量较差.[结论]有效控制血糖、预防和治疗并发症、养成健康的生活方式、给予患者恰当的心理疏导并保持积极的心态,是改善和提高糖尿病患者生命质量的重要手段.     

Population-based study of the relationship of treatment and sociodemographics on quality of life for early stage breast cancer

Objective: To examine the relationship between cancer stage, surgical treatment and chemotherapy on quality of life (QOL) after breast cancer and determine if sociodemographic characteristics modify the observed relationships. Methods: A population-based sample of women with Stages 0–II breast cancer in the United States (N=1357) completed surveys including the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), and the Breast Cancer-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ BR-23). Regression models calculated mean QOL scores across primary surgical treatment and chemotherapy. Clinically significant differences in QOL were defined as 10 point difference (out of 100) between groups. Results: Meaningful differences in QOL by surgical treatment were limited to body image with women receiving mastectomy with reconstruction reporting lower scores than women receiving breast conserving surgery (p < 0.001). Chemotherapy lowered QOL scores overall across four QOL dimensions (p values < 0.001), with a disproportionately greater impact on those with lower levels of education. Younger women reported lower QOL scores for seven of nine QOL dimensions (p values < 0.001). Conclusions: Women should be reassured that few QOL differences exist based on surgical treatment, however, clinicians should recognize that the impact of treatment on QOL does vary by a woman’s age and educational level.     

Quality of life assessment in women with breast cancer: benefits, acceptability and utilization

In 2006, breast cancer was the third leading cause of death in American women; however, more women survive breast cancer than any other type of cancer. As the disease progresses, it is important to know how one's health-related quality of life (QOL) is affected for those who receive treatment, those who survive, and those who remain disease-free. The purpose of this study was to summarize the benefits, challenges, and barriers of QOL measurement for female breast cancer patients. A PubMed literature search was conducted using the terms "quality of life" and "breast cancer." The search was then refined with terms related to QOL assessment instruments. The research team reviewed over 100 of the 2,090 articles identified.