急性心肌梗死及成功溶栓治疗过程中QT离散度的动态变化

目的探讨QT离散度 (QTdispersion ,QTd)对及时预测急性心肌梗死发生及早期判断溶栓治疗再通的临床价值。方法 6 5例急性心肌梗死患者分为溶栓组与未溶栓组 ,溶栓组分为再通组与未通组 ,另选 30例冠脉造影阴性者作为对照组 ;记录各组溶栓前、溶栓开始后 0 .5、1、1.5、2、3、4、5、6h等系列时点的动态心电图 ,测量各时点QTd ,分析比较各组QTd的动态变化。结果 6 5例急性心肌梗死患者入院时QTd明显大于对照组 (P<0 .0 1) ,再通组在溶栓开始 1.5h内QTd呈上升趋势 ,而溶栓后 2hQTd明显减小 (P <0 .0 1) ;未通组与未溶栓组在相应的系列时点QTd无明显变化 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论在急性心肌梗死及溶栓治疗再通过程中QTd发生了特征性动态变化 ,提示其可能成为及时识别急性心肌梗死发生与早期判断成功溶栓的新佐证     

3种溶栓药物治疗急性心肌梗死的效果比较

①目的　比较尿酸氧化酶、链激酶和基因重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂 (r tPA) 3种药物溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死 (AMI)的效果 ,为临床合理用药提供参考。②方法　对 1 997年 1 2月～ 2 0 0 2年 1月 1 63例AMI溶栓治疗病人的临床资料进行回顾分析。将 1 63例病人分为尿酸氧化酶组、链激酶组、r tPA组 ,溶栓治疗后 ,观察血管再通率、出血率、4周病死率、梗死后心绞痛发生率。③结果　r tPA组血管再通率最高 ,达 76 .1 % ,4周病死率、梗死后心绞痛发生率最低 (χ2 =4.341～ 6 .1 89,P <0 .0 5)。④结论　r tPA应作为AMI溶栓治疗的首选药物     

瑞通立与尿激酶在急性心肌梗死中溶栓效果比较

目的：比较重组人组织型纤溶酶原激酶衍生物（商品名：瑞通立）和尿激酶（UK）在急性心肌梗死（AMI）溶栓中的效果。方法我院采用静脉溶栓治疗的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者共70例,其中应用瑞通立溶栓30例（瑞通立组）,尿激酶溶栓40例（尿激酶组）,对比分析2组的血管再通率、再通时间及岀血发生率。结果瑞通立组血管再通24例,未通6例,再通率80%,再通时间0.5 h~2.0 h,平均（0.95±0.52）h;尿激酶组血管再通23例,未通17例,再通率57.5%,血管再通时间0.90 h~2.7 h,平均（1.95±0.62）h,2组血管再通率与再通时间比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;2组岀血发生率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论瑞通立作用迅速,血管再通率高,出血风险低,溶栓效果优于尿激酶,急性心肌梗死溶栓时可优先选用。溶栓后需要密切关注心电变化,及时纠正再灌注心律失常。     

尿激酶、链激酶治疗急性心肌梗死的临床观察

目的 观察尿激酶(UK)、链激酶(SK)治疗急性心肌梗死的有效性和安全性.方法 对发病12 h以内的60例急性心肌梗死患者,随机分为A、B两组,每组各30例.分别给予链激酶150万单位或尿激酶150万单位进行溶栓治疗,观察两组血管再通率、并发症等.结果 试验药物链激酶组中血管再通率为83.3%,与对照组血管再通率63.3%比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);消化道出血链激酶组发生率8%,尿激酶组为10%;低血压发生率两组均为6%;皮肤黏膜出血链激酶发生率为9%,尿激酶为12%.结论 SK在急性心肌梗死溶栓治疗中,并发症发生率低,血管再通率高,是一种安全有效的溶栓剂.     

早期溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死的疗效观察

目的　 探讨早期溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死 (AMI)的效果。方法　 对 87例心肌梗死患者根据梗死发生的时间分成 1～ 3h组、3～ 6h组、6～ 12h组 ,分别用尿激酶 15 0万u 加入生理盐水 10 0ml中快速静脉点滴 ,30min内滴完。之后用生理盐水 2 0ml加肝素 5 0 0 0IU静脉推注 ,2次 d ,连续用3d后停药。结果　1～ 3h组与 3～ 6h组相比 ,再通率无明显差异 (χ2 =2 .34,P >0 .0 5 ) ,而两组分别与 6～ 12h组相比 ,再通率有显著差异 (χ2 =9.99,P <0 .0 1;χ2 =3.99,P <0 .0 5 )。结论　 早期溶栓治疗AMI的疗效高。     

直接冠状动脉内支架安置术和r-SK静脉溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死的对比研究

①目的　比较急性心肌梗死 (AMI)病人直接冠状动脉内支架安置和重组链激酶 (r SK)静脉溶栓治疗的临床疗效。②方法　对初次发病 1 2h以内的 1 0 5例AMI病人 ,随机给予直接冠状动脉内支架安置 (支架组 ,6 0例 )和静脉r SK溶栓 (溶栓组 ,5 5例 )治疗。观察两组梗死相关血管再通成功率、心肌梗死溶栓试验 (TIMI)Ⅲ级血流发生率、平均住院天数、住院病死率 ,出院前二维超声心动图测定并推算左心室射血分数 (LVEF)和梗死区室壁运动指数 (RWMI) ,出院后 6个月病死率、LVEF和RWMI。③结果　支架组与溶栓组相比较 ,梗死相关血管再通率显著提高、TIMIⅢ级血流发生率显著增加、平均住院天数显著缩短、住院病死率显著降低 (χ2 =5 .4 2 4～2 8.931 ,t=7.90 1 ,P <0 .0 5、0 .0 1 ) ;出院前LVEF和RWMI ,两组间存在显著差异 (t =3.2 91、2 .1 2 7,P <0 .0 5、0 .0 1 ) ;出院后 6个月病死率、LVEF和RWMI ,两组比较无显著差异。出院后 6个月LVEF、RWMI与出院前比较 ,支架组与溶栓组均有显著改善 (t=2 .1 92～ 4 .6 1 1 ,P <0 .0 5、0 .0 1 )。④结论　与静脉r SK溶栓治疗相比 ,直接冠状动脉内支架安置术治疗AMI,可更有效地再通梗死相关血管、降低住院病死率、更有效地保护病人心脏功能     

在不同时间段静脉应用尿激酶溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死49例临床分析

目的:观察在不同时间段静脉应用尿激酶溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死的冠脉再通率及再通和未通病例间心力衰竭、心源性休克、恶性心律失常、病死率发生情况。方法:回顾性分析明确诊断为急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死49例在不同时间段静脉应用尿激酶溶栓治疗。结果:冠脉再通率为59.18%,其中发病至溶栓治疗时间1～4 h为77.78%、4～6 h为70.59%、6～12 h为53.33%、12～24 h为25%;心力衰竭4例,心源性休克2例,死亡2例,均发生在未通病例中;恶性心律失常3例,其中1例为再通,2例为未通。结论:早期应用尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死可明显提高冠脉再通率;心力衰竭、心源性休克、恶性心律失常、病死率发生情况在再通和未通病例中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。     

急性心肌梗死静脉溶栓对早期左室重构的影响

目的：观察急性心肌梗死（AMI）静脉溶栓对早期左室重构的影响。方法：选择急性心肌梗死患者56例,按临床再通标准判定,其中再通37例（再通组）,未通19例（未通组）。分别于4－6周行心脏彩色多普勒检查测定左室内径及收缩、舒张功能指标。结果：再通组与未通组的左室舒张末内径及收缩、舒张功能指标经统计学处理有差异性。结论：静脉溶栓开放梗死相关血管,可抑制AMI后的左室重构,并能改善左室收缩、舒张功能。     

急性心肌梗死溶栓再通后QTc离散度的变化及意义

目的:探讨急性心肌梗死相关动脉溶栓再通后QTcd的变化及临床意义。方法:对64例发病6h内的患者行静脉溶栓治疗,按梗塞相关动脉有无再通分为再通组(n=45)和未通组(n=19)。结果:溶栓后再通组QTcd与溶栓前及未通组溶栓后比较明显缩小(P<0.01);溶栓后24h再通组并发恶性室性心律失常较未通组显著降低(P<0.01)。结论:成功的溶栓治疗可明显缩小QTcd,降低恶性室性心律失常的发生率;QTcd变化也可作为判断溶栓疗效及预测恶性室性心律失常危险性的一项指标。     

心电图评价急性心肌梗死溶栓疗法对梗死范围的作用

目的　应用心电图测定心肌梗死范围 (MIS) ,评价溶栓疗法的效果。方法　对 131例急性心肌梗死住院患者(溶栓组 6 3例 ,对照组 6 8例 ) ,应用ST段预测法测定、比较两组及其未通亚组MIS变化等指标。结果　治疗开始时与 2h后MIS变化 :溶栓组为 - 39.2 % ,未通亚组为 - 13.9% ;对照组为 +2 .9% ,未通亚组为 +5 .4 % ,P均 <0 .0 1。再通率 :溶栓组为5 7.1% (36 / 6 3) ,对照组为 13.2 % (9/ 6 8) ,P <0 .0 1。 4周病死率 :溶栓组为 3.2 % (2 / 6 3) ,对照组为 14 .7% (10 / 6 8) ,P <0 .0 5。结论　溶栓疗法能明显缩小MIS ,溶栓未通时也能缩小。MIS变化与再通率呈负相关 ,与 4周病死率呈正相关     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.